ライフサイエンスコーパス: cross-resistance

1 ed to select for more generalist resistance (cross-resistance).

2 ated response of the two products indicating cross resistance.

3 timising antitrypanosomal drugs and averting cross-resistance.

4 ug, we profiled many single-step mutants for cross-resistance.

5 deal assumptions about redundant killing and cross-resistance.

6 ine tuberculosis drugs, indicating a lack of cross-resistance.

7 ons associated with zidovudine vs. tenofovir cross-resistance.

8 nction was linked to melarsoprol-pentamidine cross-resistance.

9 ier, viral fitness, mechanism of action, and cross-resistance.

10 glyceroporins in pentamidine and melarsoprol cross-resistance.

11 fell outside of the ECV were used to assess cross-resistance.

12 mprenavir, respectively, with no evidence of cross-resistance.

13 efovir on development of drug resistance and cross-resistance.

14 gs are consistent with common definitions of cross-resistance.

15 Cross-resistance (3-186-fold) was observed to other tubu

16 ics, which accounts for the pervasiveness of cross-resistance across multiple drugs.

17 Cross-resistance after first-line antiretroviral therapy

18 Absence of cross resistance against bedaquiline resistant mutants s

19 novel mode of action will be needed to avoid cross resistance against currently used therapeutic agen

20 This series demonstrates no cross-resistance against a panel of Pf strains with muta

21 isition of drug resistance and the degree of cross-resistance against common resistance alleles.

22 brate immunity, we test for the existence of cross-resistance against parasites and pathogens, at bot

23 ssment of the mechanism of unique, broad RSV cross-resistance against structurally distinct entry inh

24 Both cell lines display cross-resistance against the chemotherapeutic drug docet

25 ization, several issues were flagged such as cross-resistance against the multidrug-resistant K1 stra

26 their ability to overcome the high degree of cross-resistance already existing in weed populations.

27 is of the herbicide resistance mutations and cross resistance among the herbicides, as well as for th

28 highly repellent; and finally, evolution of cross-resistance among AIs is a significant, previously

29 nical isolates, we characterized patterns of cross-resistance among all NRTIs.

30 e structure of their variable parts explains cross-resistance among and between the three classes of

31 se prompted us to determine the frequency of cross-resistance among bloodstream Candida isolates coll

32 s revealed resistance to eCry3.1Ab maize and cross-resistance among Cry3Bb1, mCry3A and eCry3.1Ab.

33 data exist to describe in vitro patterns of cross-resistance among large collections of clinical Asp

34 However, cross-resistance among PIs due to a wide spectrum of mut

35 60 years ago and remains the only example of cross-resistance among sleeping sickness therapies.

36 s, epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs), and cross-resistance among the azoles.

37 different rpoB Rif(r) mutants and a complete cross-resistance among the different rifamycin derivativ

38 lone tracing and CRISPR screening to measure cross-resistance among the five drugs comprising R-CHOP,

39 er insight into mechanisms of resistance and cross-resistance among these agents and suggest that the

40 Furthermore, we find that cross-resistance and antagonism between toxins used in p

41 bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, to evaluate cross-resistance and interactions between two toxins in

42 hibitors tested are susceptible to metabolic cross-resistance and may lack efficacy in controlling py

43 ow this propensity for resistance depends on cross-resistance and on epistatic interactions-ranging f

44 In view of the frequency of cross-resistance and overlapping toxicities noted with m

45 Therefore, immunotherapy without cross-resistance and overlapping toxicity has been propo

46 with important implications for insecticide cross-resistance and selective toxicity between insects

47 e frequencies of resistance to single drugs, cross-resistance, and epistasis combine to determine the

48 ccordingly, GE and rifamycins do not exhibit cross-resistance, and GE and a rifamycin can bind simult

49 New antibacterial drugs without pre-existing cross-resistance are under-represented and are urgently

50 ns with limited potential for field-relevant cross-resistance are used in combination, along with non

51 is is unique evidence in a disease vector of cross-resistance associated with a single metabolic gene

52 Partial non-cross resistance between nonsteroidal (letrozole and ana

53 e the extent of resistance to each agent and cross-resistance between agents.

54 The present study addresses the issue of cross-resistance between fluconazole and ravuconazole an

55 Cross-resistance between fluconazole and ravuconazole ap

56 Oral cross-resistance between imidacloprid and fluralaner was

57 Cross-resistance between itraconazole and posaconazole w

58 was seen for 53.5% of the isolates, whereas cross-resistance between itraconazole and voriconazole w

59 exhibits considerable clinically significant cross-resistance between older azole drugs (fluconazole

60 amphenicol, and sparsomycin revealed partial cross-resistance between oxazolidinones and chlorampheni

61 ferences (P >0.28 for each) in the change in cross-resistance between the groups for doxycycline and

62 ches could inform future efforts to minimize cross-resistance between therapeutic and human host AMPs

63 Cross-resistance between these toxins was presumed unlik

64 s found resistance to Cry3Bb1 and mCry3A and cross-resistance between these toxins.

65 There was slight cross-resistance between topically applied fluralaner an

66 udies that depend on geography, pre-existing cross-resistance both within and across antibacterial cl

67 e find that drugs in R-CHOP exhibit very low cross-resistance but not synergistic interaction: togeth

68 We examined the potential for cross-resistance by using measures of correlation overal

69 Cross-resistance can be positive, when a resistance mech

70 binations, particularly combinations without cross-resistance, can delay or prevent the emergence of

71 tations provide a greater level of inhibitor cross-resistance combined with active site mutation D30N

72 distinct mechanisms of action(s) and reduced cross-resistance compared to existing drugs.

73 r how the findings reveal ambiguities in the cross-resistance concept, as subtle differences in adapt

74 The cross-resistance conferred by substitution of Ala(156) w

75 r filariasis elimination without concern for cross-resistance development in tuberculosis.

76 associated with low rates of resistance and cross-resistance development.

77 ontrol strategies, and the observed negative cross-resistance due to Cyp6m2 gives credence to propose

78 tributed to a collateral sensitivity whereby cross-resistance due to the duplicated pump proves insuf

79 No cross-resistance exists between the 2'-F-2'-C-methylguan

80 rs of other cell signaling pathways in which cross-resistance has been observed.

81 ffer for different mutation subsets and that cross-resistance has been underestimated.

82 rol demethylase) gene, and patterns of azole cross-resistance have been linked to specific mutations.

83 of MMDX abolished the parent drug's residual cross-resistance in a doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 cell l

84 ile comparable with artemisinin (1), with no cross-resistance in a resistant strains panel and a pote

85 apoptosis might cause extensive therapeutic cross-resistance in cancer cells.

86 Furthermore, NSC 725776 and NSC 724998 show cross-resistance in cells deficient or silenced for Top1

87 exert and the opportunity for using negative cross-resistance in drug choice for clinical treatment a

88 Incorporating the potential effects of such cross-resistance in resistance management plans may help

89 tors antimycin and funiculosin showed little cross-resistance, indicating different modes of binding

90 Thus, cross-resistance is limited to T315I, which is also the

91 nd that the probability of receptor-mediated cross-resistance is low.

92 As a consequence, cross-resistance is prevalent only between AMPs with sim

93 nd topoisomerase IV targets while preventing cross-resistance issues.

94 To assess cross-resistance liabilities of the Complex I inhibitors

95 action that raises concerns about potential cross-resistance liabilities.

96 nanomolar parasite activity, with little CQ cross-resistance, low cytotoxicity, and high in vitro mi

97 dels, patient-to-patient variability and low cross-resistance make independent action the dominant me

98 in advanced stages of development for which cross-resistance might be an issue.

99 However, concerns about toxicity and cross-resistance motivated a search for regimens that do

100 Although melarsoprol/pentamidine cross-resistance (MPXR) has been an area of intense inte

101 oside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) cross-resistance mutations (26% vs 13%, P = .23).

102 Both cross-resistance mutations (A156V and A156T) displayed s

103 in a unique pattern of drug-resistance (and cross-resistance) mutations.

104 Negative cross-resistance (NCR) toxins that hitherto have not bee

105 innovativeness measured by their absence of cross-resistance (new class, target, mode of action).

106 Including toxins against which no cross-resistance occurs and integrating Bt cotton with o

107 lts here and previous evidence indicate that cross-resistance occurs between Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab in som

108 minister therapies, and establishing whether cross-resistance occurs between therapies.

109 on of a single chemotherapeutic agent causes cross-resistance of cancer cells to a variety of therapi

110 According to the molecular modeling studies, cross-resistance of D-3'-F-C-d4G (35) to M184V mutant ma

111 d the side chain of Val184 could explain the cross-resistance of L-2'F-C-d4A with the M184V mutant.

112 Indeed, the average cross-resistance of single-step mutants can help predict

113 The data suggest little cross-resistance of taccalonolide A as compared with Tax

114 coprotein (P-gp) is frequently implicated in cross-resistance of tumors to chemotherapeutic drugs.

115 nts with HIV, but evidence for the effect of cross-resistance on virological outcomes is limited.

116 We found no positive cross-resistance or trade-offs in the resistance to para

117 d selection by TCS and BC impact features of cross-resistance patterns among diverse wastewater micro

118 ted settings, it is critical to identify the cross-resistance patterns associated with first-line sta

119 efficients showed that, within a drug class, cross-resistance patterns differ for different mutation

120 Cross-resistance patterns varied according to sampling d

121 alis and C. includens and sheds light on the cross-resistance potential of Cry1Ea with other Bt prote

122 n analogues in order to address the emerging cross-resistance problems.

123 studies explain the potency, mechanism, and cross-resistance profile of ETV against HBV and account

124 st-specific ECL changes demonstrate a narrow cross-resistance profile.

125 Cross-resistance profiles from each antimicrobial differ

126 timicrobial and identify factors influencing cross-resistance profiles.

127 lies on few major genes, each with different cross-resistance properties, conferring host resistance

128 To avoid cross-resistance, recent guidelines recommend that patie

129 The robust cross-resistance reported has important implications for

130 tions, with novel mode of action and lack of cross-resistance, representing a class with great potent

131 , suitable pharmacokinetics, and the lack of cross-resistance resulted in the selection of 13 as a pr

132 This is important since it will influence cross-resistance risks between the different classes.

133 Thus, the asymmetrical cross-resistance seen here does not threaten the efficac

134 s using chemical-genetics and compare to the cross-resistance spectra of laboratory-evolved AMP-resis

135 lize ER subcellular localization, as well as cross-resistance studies to determine second-line inhibi

136 from wastewater influent over 21 months, and cross-resistance, taxonomy, and monthly changes were cha

137 nts present on the same genetic element) and cross-resistance (the same genetic determinant responsib

138 nt implications for zidovudine and tenofovir cross-resistance, the primary candidates for replacing s

139 detected in the plasma, and when conferring cross-resistance they can compromise the efficacy of nov

140 The evolution of resistance and cross-resistance threaten the sustainability of genetica

141 ate auxins such as picloram, yet had minimal cross-resistance to 2,4-D or IAA.

142 oside triphosphate complex, which causes the cross-resistance to 3TC (M184V mutant).

143 F-4'Sd4C 34 and L-3'F-4'Sd4FC 35 showed high cross-resistance to 3TC-resistant mutant (M184V) RT.

144 Despite the cross-resistance to 5-FU, more than 90% tumor reduction

145 e 17 (beta-l-2'-F-4'-S-d4C), however, showed cross-resistance to a 3TC-resistant variant (HIV-1(M184V

146 deletion, is sufficient to cause significant cross-resistance to a wide range of nitroheterocyclic dr

147 um populations exhibited diverse patterns of cross-resistance to ACCase and ALS-inhibiting herbicides

148 were not cross-resistant with cisplatin, and cross-resistance to Adriamycin was circumvented by repla

149 140R confer > 800-fold resistance to CAB and cross-resistance to all licensed integrase inhibitors.

150 r resistant cell lines displayed significant cross-resistance to all other ALK inhibitors.

151 ere unequivocally associated with high-level cross-resistance to AMK and KAN in all three conventiona

152 These three alleles mediated cross-resistance to amodiaquine, an antimalarial drug wi

153 stant virus showed VCV-enhanced replication, cross-resistance to another CCR5 antagonist, TAK779, and

154 al enemy will be influenced by the degree of cross-resistance to another natural enemy.

155 c form of MAPK inhibitor resistance mediates cross-resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy.

156 lates with unstable caffeine resistance show cross-resistance to antifungal agents, suggesting that r

157 ral clusters containing mutations conferring cross-resistance to antiretroviral drugs prescribed toda

158 lly relevant Bcr-Abl mutants does not induce cross-resistance to As2O3 or decitabine.

159 r resistance to CHK1 inhibitors (CHK1is) and cross-resistance to ATR inhibitors.

160 if there are no single mutations that cause cross-resistance to both drugs; in patients with large d

161 Both pathways conferred cross-resistance to both peptides.

162 ers low-level resistance to mericitabine and cross-resistance to both sofosbuvir and GS-938.

163 ndem duplication gain or TP53 loss conferred cross-resistance to both venetoclax and cytotoxic-based

164 ) and ABC (OCI-LY10) cells exhibited partial cross-resistance to CFZ.

165 Resistance to I-BET confers cross-resistance to chemically distinct BET inhibitors s

166 te stages of the Plasmodium parasite with no cross-resistance to chloroquine.

167 ol]dichloridoplatinum(II) possessed only low cross-resistance to cisplatin and were up to 10-fold mor

168 Finally, no cross-resistance to clemizole of SCH503034-resistant mut

169 urable and resistant wastewater bacteria and cross-resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics to g

170 iple-herbicide-resistant E. phyllopogon with cross-resistance to clomazone through enhanced herbicide

171 ctive against clinical Mtb strains, while no cross-resistance to conventional antituberculosis drugs

172 w and inexpensive antimalarial drugs with no cross-resistance to CQ or CNS toxicity are urgently need

173 high activity in vitro and in vivo, with no cross-resistance to CQ, and none were toxic in mice up t

174 k bollworm with Cry2Ab caused up to 420-fold cross-resistance to Cry1Ac as well as 240-fold resistanc

175 ed 5.6-fold resistance to Cry2Ab and 61-fold cross-resistance to Cry1Ac.

176 ry selection with Cry1Ac caused little or no cross-resistance to Cry2A toxins in pink bollworm (Pecti

177 Results showing minor cross-resistance to Cry2Ab caused by selection with Cry1

178 290-fold resistance to Cry1Ac, little or no cross-resistance to Cry2Ab, and completed its life cycle

179 had 237-fold resistance to Cry1Ac, 1.8-fold cross-resistance to Cry2Ab, and developed from neonate t

180 1000-fold resistance to Cry1Ac and 6.8-fold cross-resistance to Cry2Ab.

181 o the acquired resistance to gemcitabine and cross-resistance to cytarabine.

182 The isolate showed low-level cross-resistance to darunavir, atazanavir, lopinavir, an

183 B1 expression, which therefore increased the cross-resistance to doxorubicin and paclitaxel.

184 MRP1 in T-DM1R-JIMT1 cells to contribute to cross-resistance to doxorubicin.

185 and integrin cooperated pathways and gained cross-resistance to doxorubicin.

186 ing above average resistance to Ma549 showed cross-resistance to E. muscae.

187 Cross-resistance to each type of IR was observed, but re

188 irapine and delavirdine as well as low level cross-resistance to efavirenz.

189 It also confers cross-resistance to elvitegravir but less to G-quadradup

190 sed resistance to RPV and 4-8-fold increased cross-resistance to etravirine, nevirapine, and efaviren

191 The compounds did not display any cross-resistance to existing diamidine therapies, such a

192 h a unique mechanism of action conferring no cross-resistance to existing public health insecticides.

193 ated many Notch1 target genes, and exhibited cross-resistance to gamma-secretase inhibitors.

194 sm of ClO2 and did not result in significant cross-resistance to genome-damaging disinfectants.

195 ng a RibD overexpression mutation displaying cross-resistance to genuine DHFR inhibitors.

196 the selecting HR1 peptide but also conferred cross-resistance to HR2 peptide fusion inhibitors and en

197 sing the MDR protein MDR1 (ABCB1B) showed no cross-resistance to hSGZ.

198 knowledge on how to design AMPs with minimal cross-resistance to human host-defense peptides remains

199 e to inactivation at 50 degrees C as well as cross-resistance to inactivation at pH 3; however, growt

200 It does not exhibit cross-resistance to key antibiotic resistant strains tes

201 defects, attenuated catalysis in vitro, and cross-resistance to l-chicoric acid.

202 In addition we found cross-resistance to melphalan and doxorubicin in 8226/S-

203 The hallmark of multidrug resistance is cross-resistance to multiple structurally unrelated comp

204 nsitivity to the plant alkaloid nicotine and cross-resistance to neonicotinoids a class of synthetic

205 s performed to determine the significance of cross-resistance to new azole drugs among C. glabrata is

206 the most potent analogue showed very limited cross-resistance to nifurtimox-resistant cells and vice

207 by AZT and confer greater AZT resistance and cross-resistance to nucleoside RT inhibitors in combinat

208 and the majority of these (20 of 36) showed cross-resistance to one or more agents.

209 There was no cross-resistance to OSU-03012 in these mutant cells with

210 R5 antagonist is often associated with broad cross-resistance to other agents, these viruses remained

211 e selection of ampicillin resistance and the cross-resistance to other antibiotics (i.e., ciprofloxac

212 obiocin alone, and there was no induction of cross-resistance to other antibiotics, including the gyr

213 tly, G179E BAX mutation also induced partial cross-resistance to other antineoplastic drugs.

214 Our approach can be applied to reverse cross-resistance to other chemotherapeutic drugs and res

215 Cross-resistance to other classes of antibiotics was als

216 ulosis selected with one drug do not acquire cross-resistance to other classes of drugs.

217 renders them ineffective and often produces cross-resistance to other drugs.

218 that it is not myelosuppressive and it lacks cross-resistance to other drugs.

219 ch as R155K and A156T/V, result in extensive cross-resistance to other HCV PIs.

220 nique mode of action, platensimycin shows no cross-resistance to other key antibiotic-resistant strai

221 retain catalytic activity and do not display cross-resistance to other Mps1 inhibitors, have been des

222 ng mutations in TcNTR-1 were associated with cross-resistance to other nitroheterocyclic drugs.

223 sofosbuvir, with increased fitness and with cross-resistance to other NS5B inhibitors.

224 d4T-selected mutants with K65R but detected cross-resistance to other nucleoside RT inhibitors.

225 The lack of any cross-resistance to parasites and pathogens, at both the

226 rsoprol-resistant trypanosomes often display cross-resistance to pentamidine.

227 EK1(Q56P), which disrupts helix A, conferred cross-resistance to PLX4720, a selective B-RAF inhibitor

228 (90), 0.12 microg/ml) and exhibited variable cross-resistance to posaconazole, ravuconazole, and vori

229 oultry selects for Enterococcus faecium with cross-resistance to quinupristin-dalfopristin, a drug fo

230 contrast, the S282T mutation did not confer cross-resistance to R1479.

231 Furthermore, MEHD7945A also limited cross-resistance to radiation in EGFR inhibitor-resistan

232 ciated consistently with the loss of p53 and cross-resistance to radiation.

233 e 1 (HIV-1) integrase inhibitor, has limited cross-resistance to raltegravir (RAL) and elvitegravir i

234 ntegration activity of Q148H showed a higher cross-resistance to raltegravir than observed with N155H

235 cid substitution (N56D) in L22 and exhibited cross-resistance to ribosome-targeting agents.

236 poB S531L, isolates with rpoB D516V had less cross-resistance to rifabutin, increased baseline resist

237 of disease-progressive melanomas, suggesting cross-resistance to salvage anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherap

238 overexpression is a critical determinant for cross-resistance to standard therapies, whereas topoisom

239 idrug resistance (MDR) in cancer arises from cross-resistance to structurally- and functionally-diver

240 ables a significant insight into therapeutic cross-resistance to taxane chemotherapy and androgen dep

241 the TOP1 mutant DC3F/C10 cells demonstrated cross-resistance to the cytotoxicity of F7 and the induc

242 g resistance to ruxolitinib (INCB018424) and cross-resistance to the JAK2 inhibitors AZD1480, CYT-387

243 ide chain of Val184 explains its significant cross-resistance to the M184V mutant.

244 ion for resistance to 1 toxin does not cause cross-resistance to the other toxin.

245 been exposed to trivalent arsenic results in cross-resistance to the related metalloid antimony, pres

246 MEKi-resistant cells showed cross-resistance to the structurally distinct MEKi trame

247 and antibiotic-resistant bacteria display no cross-resistance to these AMPs.

248 hin the alleged fusion peptide and displayed cross-resistance to these compounds, indicating that the

249 Cross-resistance to these drugs was first observed over

250 to both RAL and EVG, and there is extensive cross-resistance to these two drugs.

251 Cross-resistance to these two phages was very high, inde

252 ed in ICEC0942-resistant cells and there was cross-resistance to THZ1.

253 In particular, cross-resistance to unrelated classes may occur by co-se

254 HR2)-targeting fusion inhibitors can provide cross-resistance to VIR165.

255 site for the fusion inhibitors did not cause cross-resistance to VIR165.

256 es of lepidopteran pests indicates that some cross-resistance typically occurs between Cry1A and Cry2

257 ting a collaterally sensitive response where cross-resistance ultimately occurs.

258 We assess cross-resistance using a set of 15 parasite lines carryi

259 del suggests the possibility of evolution of cross resistance via alteration of HevCaLP.

260 However, no resistance or cross-resistance was detected for Cry34/35Ab1 maize.

261 Cross-resistance was found with other ansamycin benzoqui

262 Significant cross-resistance was observed among all NRTIs and was mo

263 Furthermore, limited cross-resistance was observed in camptothecin-resistant

264 Cross-resistance was observed to Vinca alkaloids, includ

265 tween oxazolidinones and chloramphenicol; no cross-resistance was observed with sparsomycin, a known

266 to Cry3Bb1 maize and mCry3A maize, and that cross-resistance was present between these two types of

267 ropylamycin will not suffer from problems of cross-resistance when used in combination with carbapene

268 Our results suggest a model of CCR5 cross-resistance whereby viruses that predominantly util

269 e to its potential for high specificity, non-cross resistance with conventional therapies, and promis

270 In vitro studies demonstrated a lack of cross resistance with existing tuberculosis therapeutics

271 agents that are impacted by target-mediated cross resistance with fluoroquinolones.

272 g pocket in MreB and demonstrate significant cross-resistance with A22, a structurally unrelated comp

273 (AVI) target the ribosome and do not display cross-resistance with any other classes of antibiotics,

274 hat we tested, and shows high synergy and no cross-resistance with approved antiretroviral drugs.

275 1H)-quinolones, focusing on the reduction of cross-resistance with atovaquone for activity against th

276 al properties while maintaining little to no cross-resistance with atovaquone.

277 Remarkably, they showed no cross-resistance with cisplatin itself and were proved t

278 search for new compounds that do not exhibit cross-resistance with current therapies.

279 mechanisms that would be less likely to show cross-resistance with currently available drugs may hold

280 ations with similar potencies, suggesting no cross-resistance with either R1479 (4'-azidocytidine) or

281 drug targets and lead compounds exempt from cross-resistance with existing drugs are urgently needed

282 rial activity and exhibit no target-mediated cross-resistance with fluoroquinolones.

283 rial activity and exhibit no target-mediated cross-resistance with fluoroquinolones.

284 nts that are not impacted by target-mediated cross-resistance with fluoroquinolones.

285 am-positive pathogens and no target-mediated cross-resistance with fluoroquinolones.

286 and 2' positions may account for the higher cross-resistance with lamivudine observed in the 2'-fluo

287 Importantly, PNU-286607 displays little cross-resistance with marketed antibacterial agents and

288 ilar with those of MVC, which explains viral cross-resistance with MVC.

289 Finally, the resistant clones exhibit cross-resistance with oxaliplatin but not with ionising

290 ed with treatment failure frequently lead to cross-resistance with raltegravir (RAL).

291 y when co-administered with Rif, exhibits no cross-resistance with Rif, and exhibits a spontaneous re

292 ferent site on Mtb RNAP than Rif, exhibit no cross-resistance with Rif, function additively when co-a

293 A371V and Q509L also increased cross-resistance with TAMs to lamivudine and abacavir, b

294 e's mitochondrial bc(1) complex, with little cross-resistance with the antimalarial drug atovaquone.

295 ites expressing variant forms of K13 show no cross-resistance with the C580Y mutation, the primary va

296 ally, we demonstrate that S-MGBs do not show cross-resistance with the current diamidine drugs and ar

297 potency (IC(50) = 3-4 microM), suggesting no cross-resistance with trastuzumab.

298 Cross-resistance within a class of antimicrobial agents

299 numbers of mutation patterns associated with cross-resistance within each antiretroviral drug class.

300 loss of a single NTR allele confers similar cross-resistance without affecting growth rate or the ab