ライフサイエンスコーパス: crossing over

1 first meiotic division is usually ensured by crossing over.

2 synapsed pachytene chromosomes and a lack of crossing over.

3 this was not due to a defect in HDR-mediated crossing over.

4 oncerted evolution by the process of unequal crossing over.

5 was likely not caused by unequal chromosome crossing over.

6 helicases-Srs2 and Sgs1-that also attenuate crossing over.

7 g two chromatids, one of which has undergone crossing over.

8 hromosome synapsis initiates at the sites of crossing over.

9 onal interactions, respectively, to regulate crossing over.

10 and biases the recombination outcome toward crossing over.

11 ion, indicating a PRR19-CNTD1 partnership in crossing over.

12 outermost chromosomal regions show increased crossing over.

13 models of linked selection in regions of low crossing over.

14 separable from the "implementation" of that crossing over.

15 s a fundamental mechanism underlying meiotic crossing over.

16 nts that have expanded presumably by unequal crossing over.

17 e correlations, the latter in regions of low crossing over.

18 in facilitating mismatch repair and meiotic crossing over.

19 with respect to meiotic spore viability and crossing over.

20 s chromosome is a locus required for meiotic crossing over.

21 a males, homologs pair and segregate without crossing over.

22 not find any role for MUS81-MMS4 in meiotic crossing over.

23 isplay reduced spore viability and increased crossing over.

24 the two X chromosomes had failed to undergo crossing over.

25 that the increased PSSC is due to increased crossing over.

26 is often associated with centromere-proximal crossing over.

27 ter chromatid, is used as repair partner for crossing over.

28 ke cleavage of Holliday junctions to explain crossing over.

29 n but 20- to 100-fold reduced frequencies of crossing over.

30 iates and influences their resolution toward crossing over.

31 tic gene conversion tracts and a decrease in crossing over.

32 of meiotic double-Holliday junctions without crossing over.

33 ndicating a structural role for Mlh1p during crossing over.

34 eiotic mismatch repair as well as in meiotic crossing over.

35 meiotic recombination, resulting in unequal crossing over.

36 ein occurred in germ cells following meiotic crossing over.

37 vidence that Ercc1 was essential for meiotic crossing over.

38 is a DNA helicase that functions in meiotic crossing over.

39 and cytoplasm, in homolog juxtaposition and crossing over.

40 n protein, necessary for strand invasion and crossing over.

41 ecome crossovers or to the actual process of crossing over.

42 bably play an important role in regions with crossing over.

43 that it also has a late role in implementing crossing over.

44 0 indicates that it is a limiting factor for crossing over.

45 tion per se, is the critical determinant for crossing over.

46 nsity correlates negatively with the rate of crossing over.

47 tions, since this species has a high rate of crossing over.

48 he erosive forces that attend the absence of crossing over.

49 mplying significantly increased interhomolog crossing over.

50 ring meiosis requires pairing, synapsis, and crossing-over.

51 synapsis is a necessary precursor to ectopic crossing-over.

52 ciency but also the likelihood of associated crossing-over.

53 nts multichromatid JMs and counterproductive crossing-over.

54 ncy while minimizing the risk of deleterious crossing-over.

55 of the nuclease ensemble, thereby triggering crossing-over.

56 nts that undergo increased levels of unequal crossing-over.

57 slippage during DNA replication and unequal crossing-over.

58 fied Rtk1, Caf120, and Chd1 as regulators of crossing-over.

59 le mutants displayed the largest decrease in crossing over (13- to 15-fold) of all mutant combination

60 Delta mutants displayed smaller decreases in crossing over (4- to 6-fold); however, spore viability (

61 human MSH4-MSH5 (MutSgamma), which supports crossing over(8), binds branched recombination intermedi

62 some 21 much better than do models including crossing over alone.

63 RN maps represent an independent measure of crossing over along maize bivalents.

64 nded antiparallel beta-sheet stabilized by a crossing-over alpha-helix.

65 anisms, gene functions that are essential to crossing-over also facilitate the intimate chromosome pa

66 between homologs in meiosis is essential for crossing over and chromosome segregation [1-4].

67 Increases of 40- to 50-fold in crossing over and flanking deletions also were seen.

68 y paradoxical observations regarding meiotic crossing over and gene conversion are readily resolved i

69 producing organisms and its different forms, crossing over and gene conversion both play an important

70 results indicate that models including both crossing over and gene conversion fit the overall short-

71 hange between homologous chromosomes through crossing over and gene conversion is highly conserved am

72 This mutant has levels of crossing over and gene conversion substantially higher t

73 ualizing the salient results from studies of crossing over and gene conversion, the molecular structu

74 ir of DNA double-strand break precursors via crossing over and gene conversion.

75 Recombination occurs through both homologous crossing over and homologous gene conversion during meio

76 ed as a result of repeated events of unequal crossing over and pericentric inversions during chromoso

77 Elevated levels of crossing over and repeat expansions accompany these dele

78 t allowed nearly wild-type levels of meiotic crossing over and spore viability.

79 Y chromosome evolution, including suppressed crossing over and the accumulation of repetitive DNA.

80 the two haploid nuclei, followed by mitotic crossing over and vegetative haploidization.

81 however, is evolving rapidly due to unequal crossing over and/or gene conversion.

82 ntroduce a new method for jointly estimating crossing-over and gene conversion rates using sequence p

83 late evolutionary processes, such as unequal crossing-over and gene conversion, are known to occur wi

84 scribe a novel method for jointly estimating crossing-over and gene-conversion rates from population

85 e-strand break (DSB) repair is essential for crossing-over and viable gamete formation and requires r

86 ent), T1 (at the 12 week-therapy, before the crossing-over) and T2 (end of treatment).

87 emal complex, reduced bivalent formation and crossing over, and aneuploid gametes.

88 ciencies and the levels of gene conversions, crossing over, and mutations.

89 e observed relationships between the rate of crossing over, and the level of synonymous site diversit

90 on nodules (RNs) are closely correlated with crossing over, and, because they are observed by electro

91 Chromosomal inversions that suppress crossing over are also frequently associated with drive

92 Both gene conversion and unequal crossing over are attractive mechanisms to effect these

93 Whereas pairing, synapsis, and crossing over are eliminated when HIM-3 is absent, the h

94 Both gene conversion and crossing over are reduced and exhibit negative interfere

95 mal patterns of meiotic recombination (i.e., crossing-over) are believed to increase the risk of chro

96 su-s gene sequences while the local rates of crossing over as inferred by our program are not low.

97 formation, and propose a model using unequal crossing-over as the primary mechanism of array formatio

98 We also show that the proportion of crossing-over associated with DSB-induced ectopic recomb

99 We show 90-fold variation in rates of crossing over at a 5-kb scale, place this variation in t

100 d a genetic map measuring the probability of crossing over at each position in the genome, based on a

101 ingle, double, and triple mutants on meiotic crossing over at four consecutive genetic intervals on c

102 ovide evidence to suggest that repression of crossing over at telomeres and centromeres arises from d

103 tonemal complex component Zip1 in repressing crossing over at the centromere.

104 mice lacking Mlh1 exhibit a 90% reduction in crossing over at the Psmb9 hot spot while noncrossovers,

105 , the adjacent euchromatic regions underwent crossing over at twice the average genomic rate and cont

106 instability, because it facilitates unequal crossing-over at the locus.

107 Here we use cytological maps of crossing over based on recombination nodules (RNs) to pr

108 e have developed an assay for intermolecular crossing over between circular plasmids carrying variabl

109 Crossing over between homologous chromosomes is initiate

110 Meiotic crossing over between homologous chromosomes within an i

111 Crossing over between homologs is initiated in meiotic p

112 Most eukaryotes rely on crossing over between homologs, and the resulting chiasm

113 ations are used to investigate the effect of crossing over between loci, and gene conversion between

114 e expression of incompatibility, in rates of crossing over between neutral markers and incompatibilit

115 physically connected prior to segregation by crossing over between nonsister chromatids.

116 c Y (idicY) chromosomes formed by homologous crossing over between opposing arms of palindromes on si

117 le-strand annealing mechanism than by simple crossing over between repeats; and (4) loss of function

118 se pathways can be alternatively resolved by crossing over between sister chromatids to form idicY ch

119 e long-tract events were not associated with crossing over between sister chromatids.

120 In African populations, unequal crossing over between the 3DL1 and 3DL2 genes produced a

121 an occur efficiently through unequal meiotic crossing over between the large duplications.

122 e duplicate in the sample and on the rate of crossing over between the two loci.

123 derivation of this haplotype invokes unequal crossing over between two known ancestral KIR haplotypes

124 Crossing-over between homologous chromosomes facilitates

125 Crossing-over between homologous chromosomes facilitates

126 and rejoining of the DNA molecules, or from crossing-over between repetitive DNA sequences, and they

127 ent events that likely resulted from unequal crossing-over between segmental duplications.

128 0 enzyme, CYP337B3, which arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes, resulting

129 Each bivalent has a unique distribution of crossing over, but all bivalents share a high frequency

130 Sgs1-dependent crossing over, but not JM resolution per se, also requir

131 he MutSgamma complex, Msh4-Msh5, facilitates crossing over by binding and stabilizing nascent recombi

132 idea that Exo1-catalyzed resection promotes crossing over by facilitating formation of crossover-spe

133 Existing measures consider crossing-over by simply counting the average number of c

134 Thus, gene conversion and crossing over can be genetically separated, and Mus81 is

135 These data suggest that meiotic crossing over can occur in yeast through three distinct

136 Defective crossing over causes infertility, miscarriage and congen

137 often positively correlated with its rate of crossing over (CO) [1-3].

138 The rate of meiotic crossing over (CO) varies considerably along chromosomes

139 ically observed in genomic regions of normal crossing over, consistent with what might be expected un

140 ene in oocytes that do undergo X chromosomal crossing over demonstrates that exchanges can alter hete

141 MutSgamma is initially inactive for crossing over due to an N-terminal degron on Msh4 that r

142 n c(2)M cause a reduced frequency of meiotic crossing over due, in part, to how recombination events

143 so find that unassisted Top3 does not affect crossing over during double strand break repair, which i

144 nsitivity to genotoxins and higher levels of crossing over during DSB repair than a fml1Delta strain.

145 that any dimeric chromosomes, which arise by crossing over during homologous recombination, are conve

146 Eukaryotes possess mechanisms to limit crossing over during homologous recombination, thus avoi

147 LH3, and MUS81-MMS4 complexes act to promote crossing over during meiosis.

148 mismatch repair and for wild-type levels of crossing over during meiosis.

149 sed to arise as a direct result of defective crossing over during meiotic recombination in prophase I

150 stalled/blocked replication forks and limits crossing over during mitotic double-strand break repair.

151 ed "dissolution." This process could prevent crossing over during repair of double-strand breaks.

152 Bloom's helicase (BLM) is thought to prevent crossing-over during DNA double-strand-break repair (DSB

153 visiae BLM ortholog, Sgs1, prevents aberrant crossing-over during meiosis by suppressing formation of

154 esses, such as class-switch recombination or crossing-over during meiosis, but also present a threat

155 Brca1 is required for DNA-damage repair and crossing-over during spermatogenesis.

156 Crossing-over ensures accurate chromosome segregation du

157 qual genetic exchange during the non-allelic crossing over event giving rise to the inversion.

158 drome/DiGeorge syndrome results from unequal crossing-over events between two 240-kb low-copy repeats

159 ed near the male-determining gene to monitor crossing-over events close to the boundary of the sex-de

160 s have identified specific hotspots in which crossing-over events cluster.

161 GGTLA, consistent with Alu-mediated unequal crossing-over events.

162 sions, those gene conversions accompanied by crossing over exerted interference in exchanges in an ad

163 Subtelomeric sequences underwent very little crossing over, exhibiting approximately two- to threefol

164 Consequently, recombination is impeded, and crossing over fails.

165 cking solvent molecules and counterions from crossing over for extended period of time.

166 e chromosome I homologues and an estimate of crossing-over frequency during genetic exchange.

167 tchhiking' effects in the absence of meiotic crossing over, frequent ectopic recombination within the

168 We show that mouse RNF212 is essential for crossing-over, functioning to couple chromosome synapsis

169 of molecular genetic events, such as unequal crossing over, gene conversion and crossover asymmetry,

170 rlo (MCMC) method for jointly estimating the crossing-over, gene-conversion, and mean tract length pa

171 with normal spermatogenesis, intrachromatid crossing-over generated pericentric inversions.

172 plication of the KIR3DL1/S1 locus by unequal crossing over has enabled individuals to carry and expre

173 g interference and noninterference phases of crossing over, however, lack of change in the coefficien

174 f-reported pain in watchful-waiting patients crossing over improved after repair.

175 There is virtually no crossing over in a c(3)G mutant, but c(2)M or c(2)M; c(3

176 ge at mbs1 was significantly associated with crossing over in an apparently break-free interval >25 k

177 In vivo, RFC facilitates MutLgamma-dependent crossing over in budding yeast.

178 Here, we investigate control of meiotic crossing over in Caenorhabditis elegans, which averages

179 n MLH3 and MLH1 and is involved in promoting crossing over in conjunction with MSH4-MSH5.

180 uggested that the SC is required for meiotic crossing over in Drosophila.

181 osition in genomic regions with low rates of crossing over in Drosophila.

182 f MEI-9 is not sufficient to restore meiotic crossing over in Ercc1 mutants.

183 s81-Mms4 (Eme1) contributes significantly to crossing over in eukaryotes.

184 on the X chromosome, because of the lack of crossing over in male Drosophila.

185 Interestingly, crossing over in mei-P22 mutants can be restored to almo

186 on-may be sufficient to explain most meiotic crossing over in mice while also addressing long-standin

187 When crossing over in sgs1 is reduced by the introduction of

188 The RN-cM map charts the distribution of crossing over in the form of recombination nodules (RNs)

189 conversion repair, the frequency of mitotic crossing over in the germ line indicates the relative pr

190 s allowing us to measure the rate of unequal crossing over in the PF exon.

191 gene conversion occurs more frequently than crossing over in the su-w and su-s gene sequences while

192 coincidence may show only that spo16 reduces crossing over in the two phases by a similar factor.

193 Paradoxically, crossing over in this background is strongly dependent o

194 Interference-dependent crossing over in yeast and mammalian meioses involves th

195 Were all crossing over in yeast subject to interference, such dat

196 Y chromosome segregation hinges on efficient crossing-over in a very small region of homology, the ps

197 ionship between homologous recombination and crossing-over in haploid budding yeast and identified fa

198 onallelic homologous recombination (NAHR) or crossing-over in meiosis between sequences that are not

199 ut the location and activity of the sites of crossing-over in mice and humans.

200 The complete absence of female crossing-over in the Lepidoptera causes whole-chromosome

201 study of recombination rate (rate of meiotic crossing over) in two natural populations of Drosophila

202 MUS81-MMS4 promotes interference-independent crossing over; in a second pathway, both MSH4-MSH5 and M

203 uggested that most of them arose via unequal crossing over, indicating that rp3 is a complex locus li

204 tions lasted 4 wk with a 2-wk washout before crossing over into the alternate condition.

205 Current models for crossing-over invoke an intermediate in which homologs a

206 ed a novel class of products consistent with crossing over, involving gene conversion associated with

207 Crossing over is a nearly universal feature of sexual re

208 ic chromosome segregation, but how mammalian crossing over is accomplished is poorly understood.

209 In mutants that fail to make SC, crossing over is decreased, and chromosomes frequently f

210 deletion mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, crossing over is decreased, and the distribution of the

211 assembles with wild-type kinetics; however, crossing over is delayed and decreased compared to wild

212 ing interhomolog recombination suggests that crossing over is rare in wild-type cells.

213 to these patterns in genome regions in which crossing over is rare or absent, whereas selective sweep

214 ophase (depending on strain background), and crossing over is reduced.

215 Crossing over is regulated to occur at least once per ea

216 Whereas crossing over is required in meiosis, in mitotic cells i

217 Crossing-over is decreased in the zip4 mutant (as in zip

218 Crossing-over is inhibited by exonucleases ExoI, ExoVII,

219 with data from genetic crosses, we find that crossing-over is restricted to the region marked by H3K4

220 A putative regulator of crossing-over is RNF212, which is associated with variat

221 events, involving either gene conversion or crossing-over, is markedly increased to levels rivaling

222 mosome--its lack of a homologous partner for crossing over, its functional specialization for spermat

223 athway, resulting in diminished interhomolog crossing-over leading to spore lethality.

224 alization, c(2)M mutants unexpectedly affect crossing over less severely than a c(3)G mutant.

225 Insertions disrupt crossing over locally.

226 , male specificity, haploidy and escape from crossing over - make it an unusual component of the geno

227 hese data raise the possibility that unequal crossing over may be responsible in part for the expansi

228 ed evolution, although the degree of unequal crossing over may differ among complex satellite loci.

229 ic to either MMR (MSH2-MSH3 or MSH2-MSH6) or crossing over (MSH4-MSH5).

230 of double-strand breaks (DSBs), pairing and crossing over must occur for correct meiotic segregation

231 slx4 yen1 triple mutants, JM resolution and crossing over occur efficiently.

232 RecA-dependent crossing over occurred primarily by the RecF pathway but

233 ells sporulate with wild-type efficiency and crossing over occurs at wild-type levels.

234 We infer that Mus81-dependent crossing over occurs in a noncanonical manner that does

235 These arise from crossing over of chromatid arms during homologous recomb

236 0% of these conversions were associated with crossing over of flanking markers, suggesting a strong b

237 ntial role of Brca1 in DNA-damage repair and crossing-over of homologous chromosomes during spermatog

238 mms4 specifically reduces crossing over on small chromosomes, which are known to u

239 method has existed for pinpointing sites of crossing-over on a genome-wide scale in an experimentall

240 lleles are preferentially transmitted during crossing over, opposing mutation, and shows that GC-bias

241 ent origin of the HbC allele, recombination (crossing-over or gene conversion) is observed within 1 k

242 d disease-associated CNCs is meiotic unequal crossing over, or nonallelic homologous recombination (N

243 Crossing over, or reciprocal recombination, is essential

244 ritory than uninjured neurons, fail to avoid crossing over other branches from the same neuron, respo

245 nonymous fixation increases with the rate of crossing over per base pair; and (5) both duplications a

246 ergence in genomic regions where the rate of crossing over per physical distance is restricted.

247 ecline sharply and in parallel with rates of crossing over per physical length over the distal first

248 exon-shuffling mechanism, involving unequal crossing over possibly in concert with retrotranspositio

249 ost recombination; however, RecA-independent crossing over predominated at 25 bp and could be detecte

250 e estimated ratio of gene-conversion rate to crossing-over rate has a range of 1.6-9.4, depending on

251 composite-likelihood approach for estimating crossing-over rates and better when estimating gene-conv

252 der models with variable gene-conversion and crossing-over rates and demonstrate its ability to ident

253 ersion rates in the presence of variation in crossing-over rates.

254 with spermatogenic failure, sister-chromatid crossing-over resulted in pseudoisoYp chromosome formati

255 ed to mismatch repair functions, the meiotic crossing-over role of MLH1 appears to be more resistant

256 Rates of crossing over show marked variability at all scales surv

257 ionship between Zip3 foci, SC formation, and crossing over strongly implicates crossover-designated r

258 tically separated, and Mus81 is required for crossing over, supporting the hypothesis that the fissio

259 sover interference yet display a decrease in crossing over that is only slightly less severe than tha

260 ration of additional Lumi-R from the GSI via crossing over the ground-state thermal barrier for full

261 ntially selected over the other splice sites crossing over the intron to excise a minimal length of t

262 During meiosis, crossing-over--the exchange of genetic material between

263 r Drosophila melanogaster In the presence of crossing over, there is approximate agreement between th

264 diversified by gene duplication and unequal crossing over, thereby generating haplotypes with variat

265 ophase in oocytes that undergo X chromosomal crossing over, they are maintained throughout prophase i

266 Extended modes exhibit a boson peak crossing over to Debye behavior (D(ex)(omega) ~ omega(2)

267 rimental evidence of multiple SIVcpz strains crossing over to humans and identified several important

268 the consequence of SIV from wild chimpanzees crossing over to humans.

269 iency viruses from wild chimpanzees (SIVcpz) crossing over to humans.

270 igins of HIV-1 are the consequence of SIVcpz crossing over to humans.

271 ntrainment, but 0/4 pts (0%) in the RM group crossing over to LAT mapping with entrainment (P=0.04).

272 abilizing their interaction and allowing for crossing over to occur.

273 ase, BLM (Bloom syndrome mutated) suppresses crossing over to prevent recombination.

274 3.6 vs 0.7%, p = 0.028) were associated with crossing over to surgery.

275 a washout period of at least 21 days, before crossing over to the alternate diet.

276 ons reduce sporulation, spore viability, and crossing over to the same extent as dmc1.

277 to contribute an average of twice as much as crossing over to total recombination.

278 Upon crossing over to two-dimensional coupled ladders, the ed

279 A severe reduction in crossing over together with evidence for accumulated rec

280 and show that building a chemical series by crossing over two chemical series is a strategy to creat

281 we provide evidence that suppression of X-Y crossing-over unleashed a second dynamic: selfish X-Y ar

282 Crossing over was consistently higher on the side of the

283 and break induction, and the rate of meiotic crossing over was not affected in synapsed chromosomes.

284 genetic algorithm incorporating mutation and crossing-over was used to investigate the evolution of s

285 Meiotic reciprocal recombination (crossing over) was examined in the outermost 60-80 kb of

286 mical mapping of MLH1, a protein involved in crossing over, was employed.

287 r concerted evolution through conversion and crossing over, well-known to affect tandem gene clusters

288 Gene conversions and crossing over were analyzed along 10 intervals in a 405-

289 ed by illegitimate recombination and unequal crossing over were major driving forces in the evolution

290 DSB formation, gene conversion, and crossing-over were coordinately reduced in the mutants t

291 ) or interallelic recombination with unequal crossing over, whereas both mechanisms appear to be requ

292 In addition, crossing over, which can lead to LOH of a whole chromoso

293 een eight yeast proteins involved in meiotic crossing over, which seems to have resulted from relaxat

294 might concomitantly enhance the benefits of crossing over while reducing its costs.

295 going a series of inversions that suppressed crossing over with the X chromosome.

296 gene decay, a consequence of suppression of crossing-over with the X Chromosome.

297 Thus, mbs1 is also a hotspot of crossing over, with breakage at mbs1 generating most of

298 Each event suppressed X-Y crossing over within a chromosome segment or 'stratum',

299 a process that appears to involve reciprocal crossing over within the t-loop structure that protects

300 licating two to five LRRs because of unequal crossing-over within or between RGC2 genes at one of two