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1 adducts, demethylation, dehydrogenation, and decarboxylation).
2 o reactive iron-oxo species during substrate decarboxylation.
3 hich serves to activate the substrate toward decarboxylation.
4 addition mechanism that underpins reversible decarboxylation.
5 ubstrates proceed through silver(I)-assisted decarboxylation.
6 involving ring fission, dehydroxylation and decarboxylation.
7 activates the biosynthetic intermediate for decarboxylation.
8 olylquinolines via [4 + 2] HDA and oxidative decarboxylation.
9 iety at the 3-OH position and (2) subsequent decarboxylation.
10 oth phenylacetate and p-hydroxyphenylacetate decarboxylation.
11 ion step, yet retains its ability to perform decarboxylation.
12 bstrate hydrogen atom to initiate fatty acid decarboxylation.
13 acetyl-CoA is commonly generated by pyruvate decarboxylation.
14 ups, we propose an inner-sphere mechanism of decarboxylation.
15 s hydroxylation of fatty acids as opposed to decarboxylation.
16 to the free energy of activation for direct decarboxylation.
17 ganometallic complex, [(phen)M(CH3)](+), via decarboxylation.
18 transfer from the triplet state followed by decarboxylation.
19 transition state for the phosphite-activated decarboxylation.
20 the rate of biotin-independent oxaloacetate decarboxylation.
21 activity from decarboxylation-deamination to decarboxylation.
22 rus functionalization is shown to facilitate decarboxylation.
23 enes via an allylic ring opening followed by decarboxylation.
24 release of isobutylene, followed by a rapid decarboxylation.
25 edure and current transition-metal-catalyzed decarboxylations.
26 late efflux from the vacuole set the pace of decarboxylation?
28 butyrate oxidation; faster leucine oxidative decarboxylation; accelerated glutamine conversion to glu
29 neering to improve catalysis or to introduce decarboxylation activity into P450s with different subst
31 mino acid decarboxylases changes the enzymes decarboxylation activity to a primarily decarboxylation-
32 n isochelidonic acid and indoles followed by decarboxylation afforded biologically important (E)-6-in
33 e, whose corresponding acid that is prone to decarboxylation, allowed for the synthesis of 5-bromo-1H
36 water molecule is essential to maintain the decarboxylation and aromatization activities and avoid r
37 the BPCA concentrations decrease, suggesting decarboxylation and conversion to carbon dioxide and wat
39 eviously proposed pathway involving separate decarboxylation and deamination enzymatic steps from tyr
42 ing interactions with the common portions of decarboxylation and deprotonation transition states that
44 substrates undergo a palladium(II)-catalyzed decarboxylation and electron-deficient substrates procee
45 spholipids caused a shift of pyruvate toward decarboxylation and energy production away from the carb
46 scope revealed some selectivity between the decarboxylation and esterification pathways under therma
48 nthesis have been reinvestigated, the Barton decarboxylation and Giese radical conjugate addition.
50 formal [4+2] cycloaddition with concomitant decarboxylation and loss of acetone, proceeds in high yi
52 allyl esters, in combination with subsequent decarboxylation and oxidative cleavage of the double bon
53 proteins are responsible for the subsequent decarboxylation and PEP regeneration steps has been elus
54 c oxindole derivative, isamic acid 1, led to decarboxylation and ring expansion to quinazolino[4,5-b]
55 he carbon-carbon bond formation precedes the decarboxylation and the reaction occurs in an outer-sphe
56 as a hydrogen atom donor in Barton reductive decarboxylations and to determine the scope of this proc
57 lyze the ring closure (i.e. condensation and decarboxylation) and dehydration steps, respectively.
58 romatic carbon degradation, oxygenation, and decarboxylation, and (ii) releasing low molecular weight
61 for investigating the catalytic mechanism of decarboxylation are complicated by the difficulty of ass
63 lase (OMPDC) with enhanced reactivity toward decarboxylation are reported: 1-(beta-d-erythrofuranosyl
64 (*)OH (e.g., addition of one oxygen atom and decarboxylation) are observed and produce highly oxidize
66 ontaining lipopeptides, is biosynthesized by decarboxylation-assisted -N=C group (isonitrile) formati
69 e the transition state for ScOMPDC-catalyzed decarboxylation at a nonpolar enzyme active site dominat
70 carboxylate group but also by its oxidative decarboxylation at the underlying poly(3-octylthiophene)
71 C-catalyzed deuterium exchange compared with decarboxylation, because of the stronger apparent side c
72 oxidative addition at a gold(I) cation with decarboxylation being viable at either a gold(I) or a si
73 endocrine tumors is mainly attributed to its decarboxylation by aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AA
76 he transport of this lipid to endosomes, and decarboxylation by PtdSer decarboxylase 2 (Psd2p) to pro
77 and ligand-free carbonylation/cycloaddition/decarboxylation cascade synthesis of sulfonyl amidines f
82 able of catalyzing either decarboxylation or decarboxylation-deamination on various combinations of a
84 ted group of examples is presented including decarboxylation, dehalogenation, nucleophilic addition,
85 tion appears to proceed via an unprecedented decarboxylation-dehydrogenation-monooxygenation cascade.
86 in the target molecules via electrochemical decarboxylation/deoxygenation to improve the stability o
87 AAADs catalyze either the decarboxylation or decarboxylation-dependent oxidative deamination of aroma
89 on (Pmax ), but transcripts for archetypical decarboxylation enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinas
92 a Knoevenagel condensation, C-arylation, and decarboxylation, followed by aromatization, is developed
93 rate-limiting step from the chemical step of decarboxylation for the phosphite-activated reaction of
94 at the decomposition process is a reversible decarboxylation forming the corresponding N-heterocyclic
95 sodium borohydride and subsequent hydrolysis decarboxylation generated the corresponding 3-propanoic
96 alternative pathway is also found where the decarboxylation happens concertedly with an aryl migrati
97 cteria, oxaloacetate is subject to enzymatic decarboxylation; however, oxaloacetate decarboxylases (O
99 hat phenylacetate and p-hydroxyphenylacetate decarboxylation in complex cell-free extracts were catal
100 t a ca. 20 kcal/mol change in the barrier to decarboxylation in going from the gas phase to (SMD-simu
103 actylThDP (PLThDP), mimicking the native pre-decarboxylation intermediate C2alpha-lactylThDP (LThDP),
106 now demonstrate that in extreme acidophiles, decarboxylation is carried out by two separate steps: pr
108 ion as a carboxy-lyase (i.e. decarboxylase), decarboxylation is not a completely essential step in it
109 e event involves sequential imine formation, decarboxylation, isonitrile insertion, and hydrolysis to
111 r reactions (e.g., oxidation, demethylation, decarboxylation) led to the formation of extremely polar
112 Q2: Do the enzymes responsible for malate decarboxylation limit daytime mobilisation from the vacu
114 kcal/mol for activation of ScOMPDC-catalyzed decarboxylation of 1-beta-d-erythrofuranosyl)orotic acid
115 two partially rate-determining steps in the decarboxylation of 1: transfer of the second carboxyl pr
118 dicates that the free energy requirement for decarboxylation of 2,6-dimethoxybenzoic acid and especia
119 of a bistable rotaxane are triggered by the decarboxylation of 2-cyano-2-phenylpropanoic acid and de
120 ports the heat-induced formation of furan by decarboxylation of 2-furoic acid, and 2-methylfuran by d
121 e the mechanisms underlying ring-opening and decarboxylation of 2-pyrones, including the degree of ri
124 boxylase activity and catalyzed in vitro the decarboxylation of 4-hydroxy-3-prenylbenzoate with diffe
126 c activity and the kinetic constants for the decarboxylation of 5-carboxyvanillate by the enzymes fro
127 hosphate decarboxylase (OMPDC) catalyzes the decarboxylation of 5-fluoroorotate (FO) with kcat/Km = 1
128 y studies suggest that the LA assists in the decarboxylation of a key iron formate intermediate and c
130 larly, the microscopic reverse reaction, the decarboxylation of a metal formate to form a metal hydri
131 nd a hydrogen atom donor in Barton reductive decarboxylation of a range of carboxylic acids was recen
132 ecarboxylase that catalyzes proton-dependent decarboxylation of a substrate amino acid to product and
133 rough oxidative ring cleavage and subsequent decarboxylation of acridine, a well-known phototransform
137 hanism studies of a mild palladium-catalyzed decarboxylation of aromatic carboxylic acids are describ
138 n implicated in the non-oxidative reversible decarboxylation of aromatic substrates, and play a pivot
142 mammalian C5-MTases can catalyze the direct decarboxylation of caC yielding unmodified cytosine in D
146 ormation can be explained via acid triggered decarboxylation of cinnamic acid esters and subsequent i
147 known as methylenesuccinic acid) through the decarboxylation of cis-aconitate, a tricarboxylic acid c
149 orption spectroscopy experiment to track the decarboxylation of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid in acetoni
150 drogenase superfamily catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of D-malate-based substrates with variou
151 dibromomethane, which could be generated by decarboxylation of dibromoacetic acid during ionization,
152 lmalate dehydrogenase catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of different beta-hydroxyacids in the le
153 enzyme that activates oxygen to catalyze the decarboxylation of dodecanoic acid to undecene and carbo
154 wn mevalonate pathways involve ATP dependent decarboxylation of either mevalonate 5-phosphate or meva
155 xide-driven oxidase that catalyzes oxidative decarboxylation of fatty acids, producing terminal alken
156 n III via ferrochelatase HemH, and oxidative decarboxylation of Fe-coproporphyrin III into protohaem
157 The transition state for OMPDC-catalyzed decarboxylation of FO is stabilized by 5.2, 7.2, and 9.0
158 least three catalytic cycles, involving the decarboxylation of formic acid, hydration of the alkyne,
164 nd carbon kinetic isotope effects (CKIE) for decarboxylation of isomeric sets of heterocyclic carboxy
165 mumol min(-1) mg(-1) at 70 degrees C for the decarboxylation of l-aspartate was measured for the reco
167 ion experimental observations that correlate decarboxylation of LThDP with protein conformational cha
168 A-1, and undergo deacylation followed by the decarboxylation of Lys-70, rendering OXA-1 inactive.
169 nhibitor = 1:2000), OXA-24 was inhibited via decarboxylation of Lys-84; however, the enzyme could be
171 method has been applied to the direct double decarboxylation of malonic acid derivatives, which allow
173 -Diaminopimelate decarboxylase catalyzes the decarboxylation of meso-diaminopimelate, the final react
174 hosphate, the classical MVA pathway involves decarboxylation of mevalonate diphosphate, while an alte
176 ses (MDDs) catalyze the ATP-dependent-Mg(2+)-decarboxylation of mevalonate-5-diphosphate (MVAPP) to p
177 A and Y217F substitutions on k(cat)/K(m) for decarboxylation of OMP are expressed mainly as an increa
178 ol stabilization of the transition state for decarboxylation of OMP provided by OMPDC represents the
179 al/mol smaller than the transition state for decarboxylation of OMP, and ca. 8 kcal/mol smaller than
180 ncrease in (k(cat))(obs) for OMPDC-catalyzed decarboxylation of OMP, and the 4 kcal/mol of binding en
181 of pyruvate, enhances the rate of enzymatic decarboxylation of oxaloacetate in the carboxyl transfer
182 ted in situ in a tandem mass spectrometer by decarboxylation of oxo[4-(trimethylammonio)phenyl]acetic
183 Ferulic acid decarboxylase catalyzes the decarboxylation of phenylacrylic acid using a newly iden
184 mitochondrion and parasitophorous vacuole by decarboxylation of phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and in th
185 dylserine decarboxylases (PSDs) catalyze the decarboxylation of phosphatidylserine to generate phosph
187 ority of alanine enters into the pathway via decarboxylation of pyruvate in promastigotes, whereas pa
189 rd of sugar carbon is lost to CO2 due to the decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and limitation
190 t pyruvate decarboxylases (PDC) catalyze the decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetaldehyde and CO(
191 ormate lyase (PFL)-enzymes that catalyze the decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetaldehyde and for
192 he oxidation of ethanol and the nonoxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, with acetaldehyde being the
194 reaction proceeding via a mild photoinduced decarboxylation of redox-activated aromatic carboxylic a
195 nd to generate alkyl radicals upon reductive decarboxylation of redox-active esters without auxiliary
198 ing ubiX and ubiD, which are responsible for decarboxylation of the 3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate pr
200 mine is a biogenic compound derived from the decarboxylation of the amino acid tyrosine, and is there
201 cadaverine, which are generated by bacterial decarboxylation of the basic amino acids ornithine and l
202 this cluster, MftC, catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of the C-terminal Tyr of the substrate p
203 been shown that MftC catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of the C-terminal tyrosine (Tyr-30) on t
204 corresponding maleic anhydride, followed by decarboxylation of the diacid leads to the pathway's fin
205 and a bicyclic enamine derived from in situ decarboxylation of the diastereomeric tricyclic beta-lac
207 the methoxypyridine, accompanied by in situ decarboxylation of the intermediate carbamic acid, gave
211 etical simulations reveal that the efficient decarboxylation of the primarily generated phenyl cation
213 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase catalyzes the decarboxylation of truncated substrate (1-beta-D-erythro
214 phan 2-monooxygenase catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of tryptophan to yield indole-3-acetamid
215 me PaaA catalyzes the double dehydration and decarboxylation of two glutamic acid residues in the 30-
216 order rate constants for the OMPDC-catalyzed decarboxylations of FEO (10 M(-)(1) s(-)(1)) and 1-(beta
219 ttributed to pyroglutamic acid formation and decarboxylation on the primary structure of the mAb thro
220 AD) enzymes are capable of catalyzing either decarboxylation or decarboxylation-deamination on variou
222 mations, including cyclic enamine formation, decarboxylation or esterification, isomerization, and la
224 tterns suggest the existence of an alternate decarboxylation pathway in which an unstable intermediat
228 uric acid ring hydrolytically and subsequent decarboxylation produces carbon dioxide and biuret.
230 alladium-catalyzed reaction through a tandem decarboxylation, proton abstraction, and nucleophilic ad
231 two solvents, this compound suffers a rapid decarboxylation/protonaton reaction, forming 1,3-dimethy
232 by visible-light-driven, acridine-catalyzed decarboxylation, provides access to N-alkylated secondar
234 ence for hemiketal biosynthesis by oxidative decarboxylation rather than the previously hypothesized
235 al thiazoline to a thiazole via an oxidative decarboxylation reaction and provides stereochemical res
236 reduces the C-H activation barrier over the decarboxylation reaction barrier and can act as a potent
237 to catalyze the 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine decarboxylation reaction by protonation of a dioxetanone
238 e clues to the stereochemical control of the decarboxylation reaction catalyzed by these eukaryotic p
239 (2+) photocages that utilizes a light-driven decarboxylation reaction in the metal ion release mechan
243 abilize the Michaelis complex to OMP for the decarboxylation reaction, compared with the complex to F
245 ate-determining process, intrinsic CKIEs for decarboxylation reactions are typically greater than 1.0
246 from sugar fermentations are limited by the decarboxylation reactions involved in Embden-Meyerhof-Pa
247 inetic evidence suggests that acid-catalyzed decarboxylation reactions of aromatic carboxylic acids c
251 form complementary functions in catalysis of decarboxylation reactions: (1) The orotate binding domai
253 on, can subsequently undergo metal insertion-decarboxylation-recombination to generate Csp(2)-Csp(3)
255 The carboxylic acid, which is removed by decarboxylation, serves as a traceless activating group,
256 computational study here of a beta-ketoacid decarboxylation shows how the distinction between the tw
258 2alpha-lactylThDP (LThDP), and a native post-decarboxylation state with a bound enamine intermediate.
260 olyketide chain, together with an intriguing decarboxylation step, indicating a hypervariable biosynt
267 in diphosphate (LThDP), which has subsequent decarboxylation that is triggered by d-glyceraldehyde 3-
268 he pyrrole ring of the indole, followed by a decarboxylation that restores the aromaticity of the phe
269 yze two key steps during light-period malate decarboxylation that underpin secondary CO(2) fixation i
274 dative radical followed by rearrangement and decarboxylation to form an aryl radical anion which is t
275 of tartrates to oxaloacetate and an ensuing decarboxylation to form pyruvate are known processes tha
278 The adducts could further undergo hydrolysis/decarboxylation to generate the products which are equiv
279 on of self-assembled diacids with subsequent decarboxylation to give polymeric bisnaphthyl-Cu species
280 d with fructose to form a Schiff base before decarboxylation to produce acrylamide without Amadori re
281 oxidation, the carboxylate undergoes radical decarboxylation to site-specifically generate radical in
283 esters but also were the key to avoid facile decarboxylation to the parent drugs from the carboxylic
286 ino acids at their rim, undergo photoinduced decarboxylations to give baskets 4-6 forming a solid pre
287 th asparagine to form the Schiff base before decarboxylation, to generate acrylamide without the Amad
288 sociation of terminal functional groups, and decarboxylation-triggered HF elimination and hydrolysis,
289 ontal lineCH(COO-t-Bu) with enynal undergoes decarboxylation under the [Au]/[Ag] catalysis and forms
290 ic acids was shown to be the case, and their decarboxylation was found to follow a complex, "forked"
292 xylase does not prevent gut microbial l-dopa decarboxylation, we identified a compound that inhibits
293 molecular condensation, tautomerization, and decarboxylation, which led to the formation of acridones
294 2] cycloaddition with amides and subsequent decarboxylation, which liberates the desired sulfonyl am
295 C and F, and an unexpected one-pot oxidative decarboxylation, which may prove general, led to xiamyci
296 alation has a comparably high barrier as the decarboxylation, which was previously believed to be sol
297 n ascorbate peroxidase is essential for both decarboxylations, while a lysine that salt bridges to pr
298 boxylic acids was realized through oxidative decarboxylation with 1,4-dicyanoanthracene as an organic
300 rboxylase catalyzes two sequential oxidative decarboxylations with H2O2 as the oxidant, coproheme III