ライフサイエンスコーパス: dimorphism

1 vered elsewhere in ways attributed to sexual dimorphism.

2 cordant and not a principal source of sexual dimorphism.

3 that rhythms in Igf-1 expression have sexual dimorphism.

4 s correction, but exhibited a similar sexual dimorphism.

5 s) are a deadly pathology with strong sexual dimorphism.

6 monogamous raptor with reversed sexual size dimorphism.

7 is a need to assess the phenotype for sexual dimorphism.

8 ical traits arising from postpubertal sexual dimorphism.

9 n men as compared to women supporting sexual dimorphism.

10 cate that the code is instructive for sexual dimorphism.

11 ntributors to NAFLD show considerable sexual dimorphism.

12 d with that of 6 women for evidencing sexual dimorphism.

13 er japonicus Sharp shows a remarkable sexual dimorphism.

14 ests, however, a strong selection for sexual dimorphism.

15 Temperature is a potent inducer of fungal dimorphism.

16 eny apoptosis contribute to the final sexual dimorphism.

17 e in mating systems with greater sexual size dimorphism.

18 ehind the development of extreme sexual size dimorphism.

19 D with regard to microbiota-dependent sexual dimorphism.

20 are predicted to generate this pigmentation dimorphism.

21 s about factors that drive such extreme size dimorphism.

22 the major determinant of the observed sexual dimorphism.

23 viours contribute to the evolution of sexual dimorphism.

24 ine morphology may be attributable to sexual dimorphism.

25 f the life cycle and the low level of sexual dimorphism.

26 tigate the mechanisms underlying this sexual dimorphism.

27 ch in turn shapes the evolution of body size dimorphism.

28 he mechanisms underlying the observed sexual dimorphism.

29 cts of estrogens mediate the skeletal sexual dimorphism.

30 in the minimal mapped interval to cause the dimorphism.

31 vations on capsid assembly, disassembly, and dimorphism.

32 straints imposed by the advantages of sexual dimorphism.

33 nomic constraints on the evolution of sexual dimorphism.

34 es in life-history strategy and clear sexual dimorphism.

35 primary adipocytes due to these intertwined dimorphisms.

36 uggesting potential reasons for these sexual dimorphisms.

37 ve been suggested as mechanisms behind niche dimorphisms.

38 d assessed left-right asymmetries and sexual dimorphisms.

39 Mammalian external genitals show sexual dimorphism [1, 2] and can change size and shape upon sex

40 djusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in wom

41 are necessary for the maintenance of sexual dimorphism, (4) influence reproductive success among fem

42 fore unrecognized ontogenetic series, sexual dimorphism (a rare instance for Mesozoic reptiles), and

43 f the breeding season, fecundity, and sexual dimorphism across a wide latitudinal gradient.

44 iduals, suggesting the possibility of sexual dimorphism, adaptive strategies or competition-related s

45 Therefore, we explore whether ribcage sexual dimorphism also arises at that time and whether this sex

46 o sexual hormones during development (facial dimorphism and 2D:4D) influence the tendency to engage i

47 arkable parallels to the evolution of sexual dimorphism and argue that their approach can aid our und

48 c heterogeneity, commensal diversity, sexual dimorphism and biological ageing, which were largely ign

49 The evolution of sexual dimorphism and expansion of sex chromosomes are both dri

50 and male pelves exhibit only moderate sexual dimorphism and follow largely similar developmental traj

51 acing limitations on the evolution of sexual dimorphism and genomic expansion of sex chromosomes.

52 os is challenging because they lack external dimorphism and heteromorphic sex chromosomes.

53 revealing the molecular mechanism of sexual dimorphism and promoting the development of the Ginkgo i

54 o sexual selection intensity, such as sexual dimorphism and reproductive investment.

55 These results suggest that sexual dimorphism and sexual selection are potent, but largely

56 clade representing the full range of sexual dimorphism and sexual selection.

57 ationships have been observed between sexual dimorphism and species diversity, from positive to negat

58 n Sclerotinia trifoliorum exhibits ascospore dimorphism and unidirectional mating type switching - se

59 s female reproductive schedules, sexual size dimorphism, and body size.

60 olution of eyespot number and eyespot sexual dimorphism, and the identification of genes affecting ey

61 strogen dependence and the associated sexual dimorphism, and the mechanical compliance of adipose tis

62 related to sex chromosome evolution, sexual dimorphisms, and the genomic underpinnings of dehydratio

63 elate to the cost of reproduction and sexual dimorphism are at least partially involved in determinin

64 ure, but the evolutionary factors leading to dimorphism are largely unclear.

65 s, but the neural mechanisms underlying this dimorphism are not clear.

66 Although moderate sexual size dimorphisms are common in many arthropod lineages, the p

67 Sexual dimorphisms are established by sex determination pathway

68 Sexual dimorphisms are prevalent in development, physiology and

69 Sexual dimorphisms are recognized in cardiovascular conditions

70 Here we examined whether sexual dimorphism arises early in development, using a transgen

71 Sexual dimorphism arises from genetic differences between male

72 This vascular dimorphism arises from spatially regulated proteoglycan

73 etition, however, is thought to limit sexual dimorphism, as larger competitors in the community will

74 sex hormones are responsible for this sexual dimorphism, as ovariectomy, but not castration, of Nf1-O

75 ells, and recent studies imply that an HLA-B dimorphism at position -21 in the gene segment encoding

76 KIR2DP1 is polymorphic, with dimorphism at specificity-determining position 44.

77 Together our findings reveal marked sexual dimorphism at the transcriptional level in MDD and highl

78 Dimorphisms at 12 other KIR2DP1(F) residues modulate rec

79 hroditism must overcome an inertia of sexual dimorphism, because modified males or females will expre

80 population studies, as well as the same sex dimorphism being observed under controlled laboratory co

81 3PP shows sexual dimorphism, being more frequent in men than in women.

82 sociated with measuring and comparing sexual dimorphism between two populations.

83 There is also an established sexual dimorphism both in the cardiovascular response to the ne

84 focusing on recent findings regarding sexual dimorphism, bud induction, branching morphogenesis and c

85 Species differed in external genital sexual dimorphism, but we observed a sexual monomorphism of the

86 Sexual dimorphism can be one of the most important indicators o

87 eral new experiments demonstrate that sexual dimorphism can have far-reaching ecological effects.

88 females to generate both extreme sexual size dimorphism coupled with niche dimorphism is novel among

89 k for hypertension than men, but this sexual dimorphism declines with the onset of menopause.

90 -scale studies of neural development, sexual dimorphism, degree of stereotypy, and structural correla

91 The pervasive occurrence of sexual dimorphism demonstrates different adaptive strategies of

92 Sexual dimorphism depends on sex-biased gene expression, but th

93 vous system to transiently suppress a sexual dimorphism, developmentally and in response to nutrition

94 social behavior, ontogenetic changes, sexual dimorphism, diseases, resource and habitat use, trophic

95 osed to determine whether, like other sexual dimorphisms, drug metabolism is permanently imprinted by

96 Understanding how and why sexual dimorphism evolves would contribute to elucidating the m

97 se of this study is to determine whether sex dimorphism exists in the expression of inflammatory and

98 ngitis, this model displayed a strong sexual dimorphism: female mice developed marked cholangitis, wh

99 ic basis of a Mendelian female-limited color dimorphism (FLCD) that segregates in natural populations

100 phenomenon could provide a mechanism for sex dimorphism for the incidence of periodontal disease.

101 es largely surpassed variation due to sexual dimorphism for the studied population of this species.

102 the same population-represents a behavioural dimorphism; for it to persist over time, both strategies

103 Sexual dimorphisms fuel significant intraspecific variation and

104 light and dark alleles, suggesting that this dimorphism has been adaptively maintained for millions o

105 Since its dimorphism has been associated with its virulence, the t

106 Sexual dimorphism has been reported in many processes.

107 (GVHD) incidence, and the MICA-129 (met/val) dimorphism has been shown to influence NKG2D signaling i

108 cificus with its dramatic stomatal (feeding) dimorphism, has become an important model system to anal

109 ls for how sex chromosome genes specify size dimorphism have emphasized the importance of gonadal hor

110 at do include both sexes, significant sexual dimorphisms have been demonstrated in development, prese

111 Sexual dimorphisms have been observed in many species, includin

112 Wing dimorphisms have long served as models for examining the

113 culturing experiment, the nematode expressed dimorphism, i.e., a small proportion of the population m

114 These data have implications for sexual dimorphism in addiction vulnerability and define a mecha

115 re confirmation but suggest potential sexual dimorphism in associations with prenatal exposure to BFR

116 males as the result of cell-intrinsic sexual dimorphism in astrocyte transformation.

117 CI, Itoh et al. explore the basis for sexual dimorphism in autoimmunity, specifically in MS.

118 Sexual dimorphism in behaviour and personality has been identif

119 While the Hispaniolan population displays dimorphism in call frequencies, the higher frequency of

120 In this study, we examined the sexual dimorphism in cellular infiltrates of the salivary gland

121 e delayed maturation in males and the sexual dimorphism in cerebral hemodynamics may explain why male

122 roblem; however, our understanding of sexual dimorphism in CIPN remains unclear.

123 crophage signaling mechanisms underlying sex dimorphism in CIPN, which may inspire the development of

124 flies and uncover a hitherto unknown sexual dimorphism in climbing behavior.

125 could be a common theme in generating sexual dimorphism in different tissues across different species

126 is increasing interest in sexual and gender dimorphism in disease.

127 Sexual dimorphism in drug-related neuroanatomic changes and bra

128 e male gamete that contributes to the sexual dimorphism in EAE and paternal parent-of-origin effects

129 A sequence dimorphism in exon 1 of HLA-B gives rise to leader pepti

130 Previously, we showed that the sexual dimorphism in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

131 is an IFN-response gene and that the sexual dimorphism in expression is magnified by immunological c

132 linked modifier alleles that increase sexual dimorphism in expression.

133 latter finding could help to explain sexual dimorphism in F0 and formants that is currently unaccoun

134 e Aedesaegypti mosquito shows extreme sexual dimorphism in feeding.

135 might be crucial to the evolution of sexual dimorphism in flowers, and our experiments support these

136 Here we assess the extent of sexual dimorphism in four risk-taking behaviour traits in the T

137 In C. elegans, sexual dimorphism in gonad form and function largely originates

138 study was to evaluate the role of the leader dimorphism in GVHD after HLA-B-mismatched unrelated HCT.

139 scription factor could be involved in sexual dimorphism in HSCR.

140 development, thereby contributing to sexual dimorphism in HSCR.

141 ential implications for understanding sexual dimorphism in human disease.

142 We aimed to investigate sexual dimorphism in human small intestinal mucosal responses t

143 that is currently unaccounted for by sexual dimorphism in human vocal anatomy and body size.

144 d downstream biological influences on sexual dimorphism in humans is challenging.

145 the establishment and maintenance of growth dimorphism in larvae and the adult intestine.

146 Sexual dimorphism in leptin and fat stores have been observed i

147 Transcriptional sexual dimorphism in macrophages is mediated by genes of innate

148 biology analysis revealed a striking sexual dimorphism in molecular signatures of the dorsal root ga

149 We found no evidence of sexual dimorphism in monoterpene or sesquiterpene profiles.

150 in autoimmunity, but its role in the sexual dimorphism in MS or MS models remains unexplored.

151 milar mechanism may contribute to the sexual dimorphism in multiple sclerosis.

152 es a promising framework for studying sexual dimorphism in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorde

153 to contributing unique insights about sexual dimorphism in neuropsychiatric disorders, awareness of t

154 New attention to sexual dimorphism in normal mammalian physiology and disease ha

155 Because sexual dimorphism in plants is often less morphologically consp

156 Sexual dimorphism in proximal femur shape can be discerned in a

157 The study of sexual dimorphism in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorde

158 Here we uncover pronounced sexual dimorphism in T(reg) cells in the VAT.

159 tween sex differences in behavior and sexual dimorphism in the brain.

160 Unexpectedly, the Ile/Thr80 dimorphism in the Bw4-motif did not categorically define

161 We observed sexual and racial dimorphism in the CBP response including a shift toward

162 s and forces shaping the evolution of sexual dimorphism in the Drosophila brain.

163 indings also suggest the existence of sexual dimorphism in the effects of demyelinating syndromes on

164 Despite the well-known sexual dimorphism in the incidence and complications of atheros

165 r and molecular mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in the incidence, prognosis, and treatment re

166 n modifiers, as a crucial mediator of sexual dimorphism in the liver.

167 Sexual dimorphism in the mammalian immune system is manifested

168 In contrast to the reported sexual dimorphism in the microglial contribution to neuropathic

169 These data suggest sex dimorphism in the presence of gingival apoptosis at site

170 females but not in males, revealing a sexual dimorphism in the regulation of anxiety within the media

171 The gender dimorphism in the reproductive benefits of robin memory

172 e first to find evidence for moderate sexual dimorphism in these cell types at baseline.

173 We found significant sexual dimorphism in three of the four behaviours, although r(m

174 in groups (reflected in the degree of sexual dimorphism in traits associated with intrasexual competi

175 by the time of harvest, and expressed sexual dimorphism in various biometric and flesh quality parame

176 the complement system as a source of sexual dimorphism in vulnerability to diverse illnesses.

177 Although sexual dimorphism in wheeze and asthma prevalence are well docu

178 This sexual dimorphism in wildtype animals manifested pre-pubertally

179 Sexual dimorphisms in animal vocal behavior have been successfu

180 Since sexual dimorphisms in body composition exist, we postulated tha

181 Sexual dimorphisms in body size are widespread throughout the a

182 recovered an ancestral shift towards sexual dimorphisms in both size and appearance in a lineage of

183 In light of sexual dimorphisms in CVD, a need exists to examine baseline ca

184 y of alleles, our model suggests that sexual dimorphisms in gametogenesis result in a greater proport

185 al causes underpinning the well known gender dimorphisms in human behavior, cognition, and emotion ha

186 In contrast to known sexual dimorphisms in invertebrates, the sex differences in int

187 We demonstrate sexual dimorphisms in irradiation-mediated alterations of micro

188 However, there are sexual dimorphisms in metabolism which are apparent when consid

189 Our data also reveal widespread sexual dimorphisms in microglial gene expression and demonstrat

190 tiple organs, thereby contributing to sexual dimorphisms in normal biological functions and disease p

191 an effect that could be explained by sexual dimorphisms in receptor expression levels.

192 Functional and anatomical sexual dimorphisms in the brain are either the result of cells

193 Interindividual variability and sexual dimorphisms in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liv

194 tive tactics they use can be associated with dimorphisms in the expression of weapons.

195 Cellular dimorphisms in the fru circuit are dependent on Fru(C) r

196 Sexual dimorphisms in the neurons and circuits of males and fem

197 t it is still unclear how dsx(+) neurons and dimorphisms in these circuits give rise to the different

198 und strong genetic variation (but not sexual dimorphism) in terpene amounts in leaves of the dioeciou

199 e their opposing roles in umbilical vascular dimorphism, including effects on SMC differentiation.

200 arge energy-expensive brains, reduced sexual dimorphism, increased carnivory, and unique life history

201 Sexual dimorphism is a pervasive form of variation within speci

202 ion electron microscopy, that the structural dimorphism is accommodated in the form of partially diso

203 Sexual dimorphism is also seen in human autosomal gene expressi

204 Sexual dimorphism is an important feature of adult thorax morph

205 t is often assumed that enhanced sexual size dimorphism is common on islands.

206 Umbilical vessel dimorphism is conserved in mammals, suggesting that diff

207 The evolution of sexual dimorphism is constrained by a shared genome, leading to

208 Sexual dimorphism is evident in brain structure, size, and func

209 arises at that time and whether this sexual dimorphism is maintained until old age.

210 me sexual size dimorphism coupled with niche dimorphism is novel among arthropods.

211 referentially affects women, and this sexual dimorphism is recapitulated in the SJL mouse model of mu

212 One of the most striking examples of sexual dimorphism is sex-limited mimicry in butterflies, a phen

213 One potential mechanism leading to this dimorphism is steroid hormone regulated synthesis of tra

214 Although sexual dimorphism is strong in adult NFS, only weak differences

215 The reason for this sexual dimorphism is unknown, but it may reflect negative selec

216 First, we found that caste and sex dimorphism is weakly pronounced in hornets, with regard

217 Sexual size dimorphism is widespread in wild animal populations, and

218 Sexual dimorphism is widespread, but we have a limited understa

219 nterspecific competition, hindering enhanced dimorphism, is thought to increase with competitor richn

220 e unique body parts in that they show sexual dimorphism, major changes in puberty and typically more

221 ies, in particular those showing sexual size dimorphism, males and females vary in foraging performan

222 suggesting that the genetic paths to sexual dimorphism may be constrained within a clade but variabl

223 The mechanisms accounting for this gender dimorphism may, in part, involve differential cytokine r

224 Sexual dimorphisms may be due to differences in sex hormones, s

225 rom male to female flowers, and their sexual dimorphism might thus facilitate pollen movement through

226 anism that plays a role in the marked sexual dimorphism observed in a model of the transition to chro

227 Here we explore a sexual dimorphism observed in the regulation of the tumor immun

228 ng reunion with the nestlings, and no sexual dimorphism occurred in the neuronal activation pattern.

229 tudy, we experimentally examined the feeding dimorphism of a fungal feeding free-living nematode, Bur

230 ic vascular biology and contribute to sexual dimorphism of AAAs.

231 The dimorphism of Ae. arabicum is associated with several an

232 We conclude that sexual dimorphism of detrusor function is prominent in rhesus m

233 lts may suggest a role of HNF6 in the gender dimorphism of HBV infection.

234 Owing to the marked sexual dimorphism of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), sex hormon

235 INTERPRETATION: Organization and sexual dimorphism of human spinal galaninergic neurons were sim

236 Organization and sexual dimorphism of human spinal galaninergic neurons were sim

237 ynamism, spatial heterochonicity, and sexual dimorphism of human subcortical maturation, these data b

238 ial ischemia provide insight into the sexual dimorphism of IHD and may aid in the development of sex-

239 competition does not affect the sexual size dimorphism of insular lizards and carnivores (i.e. chara

240 his prediction using data on the sexual size dimorphism of lizards, and mammalian carnivores, on isla

241 Sexual dimorphism of niche architecture, reported previously, s

242 rom near Ileret, Kenya, to assess the sexual dimorphism of presumptive African Homo erectus at 1.5 Ma

243 We further computed the average sexual dimorphism of species on islands and tested whether spec

244 The metabolic relevance and sexual dimorphism of TAGLN2 was also outlined by genetic varian

245 evel quantitative proteomics study of sexual dimorphism of the brain.

246 One promising system is the mouth dimorphism of the nematode Pristionchus pacificus [9-12]

247 provide insights into the genesis and sexual dimorphism of the pathophysiology that leads to anxiety

248 Dimorphism of the two adjacent gametes is mechanisticall

249 secretion, and may play a role in the sexual dimorphism of this adipokine.

250 between sexual selection and transcriptional dimorphism, often termed sex-biased gene expression.

251 The impact of this HLA-B dimorphism on NK cell-mediated destruction of leukemic c

252 s refutes existing hypotheses linking sexual dimorphism, ontogeny and social behaviour within this ta

253 A pathway diminished the contractile sexual dimorphisms previously observed.

254 atory system, with the development of sexual dimorphism probably related to changes in body compositi

255 we heterologously expressed a group III HHK, dimorphism-regulating kinase 1 (Drk1) in Saccharomyces c

256 molecular mechanisms underlying this sexual dimorphism remain largely unknown.

257 In contrast to the sexual dimorphism reported for wild-type mice and other hemochr

258 lecular basis of sex steroids actions, brain dimorphisms, reproductive and social behaviors, sleep fu

259 Of potential relevance are a FCGR3A dimorphism resulting in CD16A-valine/phenylalanine-158 a

260 There is extraordinary diversity in sexual dimorphism (SD) among animals, but little is known about

261 tal factors that produce variation in sexual dimorphism-species diversity relationships.

262 rabids with smaller body size, wings or wing dimorphism, spiders able to disperse aerially, and plant

263 Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) can allow males and females of the same

264 ific genetics to investigate how sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is established in Drosophila.

265 Although sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is widespread across the animal tree of

266 life history traits also affect sexual size dimorphism (SSD) through evolutionary changes in either

267 sedax males, notable for extreme sexual size dimorphism (SSD), are developmentally arrested larvae th

268 This sexual dimorphism suggests that male mice cannot be used as pro

269 This sexual dimorphism suggests that temperature stress during sperm

270 d that the level of AIRE is linked to sexual dimorphism susceptibility to autoimmune diseases.

271 nes are well known to have much lower sexual dimorphism than haplorrhines.

272 ary largely in weight and show a huge sexual dimorphism that allowed us to evaluate the effect of sex

273 also identified marked transcriptomic sexual dimorphism that could contribute to higher rates of PTSD

274 ment of the gonads is a key aspect of sexual dimorphism that is regulated by Doublesex/Mab3-related t

275 lymorphisms are an intriguing form of sexual dimorphism that offer unique opportunities to reconstruc

276 ocus on describing the cardiovascular sexual dimorphisms that exist both physiologically and in commo

277 re, likely results from physiological sexual dimorphisms that precede sexual maturation.

278 Unusual patterns such as sperm dimorphism, the formation of bundles, or aflagellate and

279 Ciliated protists exhibit nuclear dimorphism through the presence of somatic macronuclei (

280 the genetic basis of this sex-limited colour dimorphism to a region containing the gene tan.

281 ex-specific genetic architecture for further dimorphism to evolve under what is hypothesised to be an

282 100 kbp) with comprehensive tests for sexual dimorphism using >1300 individuals from two Populus spec

283 Surprisingly, this apparent sexual dimorphism was generated by plasticity, as exposure to f

284 This proposal implies that dimorphism was important to judgments of attractiveness

285 Furthermore, the degree of wing dimorphism was significantly influenced by the interacti

286 and elucidate its involvement in the sexual dimorphism, we examined the systemic effect of IL-17 by

287 Despite such response dimorphism, we observed a stunning anatomical monomorphi

288 Two of these clades demonstrated strong size dimorphism when in sympatry and can be linked to differi

289 ollinators are considered a driver of sexual dimorphism when they affect female and male plant fitnes

290 he pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) male wing dimorphism, wherein males exhibit one of two morphologie

291 elvis of adult humans exhibits marked sexual dimorphism, which is traditionally interpreted in the fr

292 lls or dendritic cells, mediated this sexual dimorphism, which was dependent on the presence of adult

293 ation, especially taking into account sexual dimorphisms, will aid recognition of the clinical presen

294 eurons and DMH RFRP-3 neurons display sexual dimorphism with more neurons in female than in male.

295 The role of sex dimorphism with regards to the mechanisms of CIPN and an

296 presence of CY spigots in both sexes, sexual dimorphism with respect to CYs was still evident since m

297 s of intelligence, however, exhibit a sexual dimorphism, with a more pronounced association to intell

298 ly social insects are characterized by caste dimorphism, with distinct size differences of reproducti

299 ze variation and, probably, degree of sexual dimorphism within a single species of bipedal hominins a

300 pattern extends to species which lack sexual dimorphism yet possess self-incompatible gametes determi