ライフサイエンスコーパス: direction-selective

1 r than the centers, which are generally more direction selective.

2 Neither population was direction selective.

3 which acts directly on the DSGC, is already direction selective.

4 to these cortical neurons, however, are not direction selective.

5 f cells in MT and 40%-60% in MST are pattern direction selective.

6 lapping ON and OFF subregions and are highly direction selective.

7 Magnocellular LGN cells are not direction-selective.

8 Neurons in both areas showed robust direction-selective activity during all phases of the ta

9 d lesions, have documented the importance of direction-selective activity in the areas that are activ

10 sufficiently vivid mental images to produce direction-selective adaptation in the visual system.

11 o V1, and three areas are significantly more direction selective (AL, RL, and AM).

12 aptic output and found that there are radial direction selective and non-selective bipolar cell types

13 osterior suprasylvian sulcus (PSS) were more direction selective and preferred shorter stimuli, highe

14 We found that most IO neurons showed direction-selective and binocular responses to visual st

15 results demonstrate the behavioral roles of direction-selective and distance-tuned neurons in fly di

16 CS neurons are also more direction-selective and prefer faster stimuli than CC ne

17 with a behavioral-state signal and generated direction-selective and speed-sensitive graded changes i

18 These DNA patchy particles provide direction-selective and thermoreversible interactions, a

19 CaMP3 signals, we identify three subtypes of direction-selective and two subtypes of orientation-sele

20 eurons in cortical area MT (V5) are strongly direction selective, and their activity is closely assoc

21 imately 60% of task-related PFC neurons were direction selective, and this selectivity emerged 40 ms

22 Several human areas are both motion- and direction-selective, and a progression of motion-process

23 de strong connections with OFF delta, ON-OFF direction-selective, and W3 ganglion cells but weak, inc

24 Cholinergic signals are direction-selective at a local, but not global scale, an

25 awake mice, we observed a higher fraction of direction-selective boutons among input from superior co

26 n contrast, neurons in area MT were strongly direction selective but carried little, if any, explicit

27 s: (1) most 4Calpha Simple cells were highly direction-selective but 4Calpha Complex cells were not;

28 ON DS cells, the masked OFF response is also direction selective, but its preferred direction is oppo

29 Both MSNs and FSIs were direction selective, but neighboring MSNs and FSIs showe

30 at the synaptic inputs to DS neurons are not direction selective, but temporally reversed excitatory

31 eptor-mediated centripetal inhibition to the direction-selective Ca(2+) responses in SAC distal proce

32 Direction-selective Ca(2+) transients persist in the pre

33 ttern direction selective (PDS) or component direction selective (CDS).

34 MT component direction-selective (CDS) neurons respond to the individ

35 model is that intracortical inhibition of a direction-selective cell is spatially inhomogeneous and

36 nnectomic reconstruction to identify diverse direction-selective cell types in the macaque monkey ret

37 gned to account for the responses of pattern direction selective cells in MT (or V5), an extrastriate

38 ed with forward motion, while other cortical direction selective cells perform this computation indep

39 In mammals, direction-selective cells are found throughout the visua

40 We studied how temporal integration in direction-selective cells depends on speed, spatial freq

41 a, where the preferred directions of retinal direction-selective cells follow the projections of opti

42 imate cortical area MT, different classes of direction-selective cells have been identified and relat

43 adaptive changes in temporal integration in direction-selective cells in macaque primary visual cort

44 we measure the receptive fields of the first direction-selective cells in the Drosophila visual syste

45 terneurons in the lamina and the medulla, to direction-selective cells in the lobula and lobula plate

46 Imaging from a variety of direction-selective cells in the lobula plate shows no e

47 The development of direction-selective cells in V1 requires visual experien

48 rane voltage and cytosolic calcium levels in direction-selective cells of Drosophila in response to a

49 Some direction-selective cells showed delayed asymmetric inhi

50 ency by subtracting signals from first-order direction-selective cells with opposite directional tuni

51 o report the direction of a moving stimulus (direction-selective cells), and others distinguish the m

52 ermore, there are two independent systems of direction-selective cells, and one of these combines dir

53 l asymmetry in the synaptic connections from direction-selective cells, and this circuit feature can

54 tory neuron accounting for ~50% of the sSC's direction-selective cells, suggesting a genetic logic fo

55 Suppressive signals are especially potent in direction-selective cells, where they reduce responses t

56 d, consistent with the known anatomy of some direction-selective cells.

57 ce gain control, which pass this property to direction-selective cells.

58 by decreased motion responses in downstream direction-selective cells.

59 ation and somatic adaptation in the recorded direction-selective cells.

60 n both V1 and MT, BOLD responses increase in direction-selective channels tuned to the attended direc

61 rial-by-trial response amplitude in a set of direction-selective "channels." In both V1 and MT, BOLD

62 direction of motion in the visual scene, the direction selective circuit in the mouse retina depends

63 nt of an essential component in the retina's direction selective circuit.

64 Our study highlights that the direction-selective circuit exploits separate sets of me

65 The direction-selective circuit in the retina extracts the d

66 Significance statement: The direction-selective circuit in the retina has been a cla

67 The direction-selective circuit in the retina relies upon hi

68 In the direction-selective circuit of the mammalian retina, the

69 (SACs), which are critical components of the direction-selective circuit, into distinct patterns of i

70 crine cells (SACs), critical components of a direction-selective circuit, to address this issue.

71 axis is reflected in response amplitudes of direction-selective clusters in the human motion complex

72 und suppression and normalization; and (2) a direction-selective component, with comparable tuning wi

73 r models that have been proposed to describe direction-selective computations.

74 We show that cells are direction selective despite a broadly tuned excitatory a

75 ique subtype of retinal ganglion cell is the direction selective (DS) cell, which responds vigorously

76 tern and function of coupling between the ON direction selective (DS) ganglion cells, a unique subtyp

77 the horizontal plane.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Direction selective (DS) neurons are key to a variety of

78 This information is provided by direction selective (DS) neurons, which respond to image

79 These units were recorded deeper than direction selective (DS) ones and at the same depth wher

80 d regardless of cell class: simple, complex, direction selective (DS) or non-DS.

81 Specifically, how are previously identified direction-selective (DS) and orientation-selective (OS)

82 A striking example is the direction-selective (DS) circuit of the retina.

83 re, we studied the functional development of direction-selective (DS) circuits in the tectum of astra

84 Yet, direction-selective (DS) ganglion cells have been conspi

85 For example, rod and cone pathways enable direction-selective (DS) ganglion cells to encode motion

86 x (V1) circuitry, yet basic questions of how direction-selective (DS) receptive fields are constructe

87 A direction-selective (DS) retinal ganglion cell responds

88 mouse retina, we show that a subset of non- direction-selective (DS) RGCs exhibit asymmetric activit

89 On-Off direction-selective (DS) RGCs respond preferentially to

90 that Satb1 and Satb2 are expressed in ON-OFF direction-selective (DS) RGCs, complementing our previou

91 Electrical recordings suggested three direction-selective (DS) synaptic mechanisms: DS GABA re

92 from the ON pathway were critical for strong direction-selective (DS) tuning in the OFF pathway.

93 il tracking showed that both species exhibit direction-selective encoding in putative homologous regi

94 demonstrated that bipolar cells pass radial direction selective excitation to starburst amacrine cel

95 e implemented in a subset of On-Off DSGCs by direction-selective excitation and a temporal offset bet

96 dual direction selectivity is implemented by direction-selective excitation and temporal offset betwe

97 Direction-selective firing of neurons in the primary aud

98 al motion parallax signal: the signal is not direction selective for object or background motion, but

99 trifugal signal flow in dendrites underlying direction-selective GABA release from starburst amacrine

100 roperties of starburst cells responsible for direction-selective GABA release, we performed whole-cel

101 In the mammalian retina, responses of On-Off direction selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) are modulated

102 tant for generating direction selectivity in direction selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

103 sion from starburst amacrine cells (SACs) to direction selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

104 regions that match the termination zones of direction selective ganglion cells from the retina, sugg

105 Large bistratified cells (LBCs), resembling direction selective ganglion cells in other species, had

106 excitation and inhibition remain balanced in direction selective ganglion cells in the mouse retina o

107 h morphology corresponding to that of on-off direction selective ganglion cells.

108 In the mammalian retina, the On-Off direction-selective ganglion cell (DSGC) is well known f

109 pe of retinal cell: the upward-preferring ON direction-selective ganglion cell (up-oDSGC) of the mous

110 this issue, we took advantage of the retinal direction-selective ganglion cell circuit, where directi

111 dendritic morphologic feature of the On-Off direction-selective ganglion cell is implicated in the c

112 daptation with short visual stimulation of a direction-selective ganglion cell using drifting grating

113 s of interneuron signals are integrated by a direction-selective ganglion cell, which creates a direc

114 itatory glutamatergic input to ON-OFF and ON direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) and a subpopu

115 olar cells (BCs) provide excitatory input to direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) and GABAergic

116 Direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) are tuned to

117 Direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) fire robustly

118 t SACs make cholinergic synapses onto On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) from all dire

119 this problem, we measured how populations of direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) from the reti

120 Retinal direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) have the rema

121 Direction selectivity of direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) in the retina

122 ICANCE STATEMENT In the mammalian retina, ON direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) respond prefe

123 In mammalian retina, On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) respond stron

124 Classic ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) that encode t

125 in the retina where direction is encoded by direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) that respond

126 A subset of retinal neurons, called direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), are speciali

127 ne cells (SACs) onto four subtypes of ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), each preferr

128 hibitory inputs onto four subtypes of On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), each preferr

129 c synaptic connections with the dendrites of direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), exerts a spa

130 Two types of mammalian direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), ON and ONOFF

131 e movements at a frequency of 4-7 Hz. nob ON direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), which detect

132 erent aspects of image motion: ON and ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

133 yric acid from starburst amacrine cells onto direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

134 Cs is important for the functional output of direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

135 GABA from starburst amacrine cells (SACs) to direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

136 Cs and recorded from them and their targets, direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

137 ro, from two types of genetically identified direction-selective ganglion cells (dsGCs): TRHR (thyrot

138 R calculation begins in the retina, where ON direction-selective ganglion cells (oDSGCs) respond to s

139 n 6A (Sema6A) is expressed in a subset of On direction-selective ganglion cells (On DSGCs) and is req

140 ted by retinal output neurons called ON-type direction-selective ganglion cells (ON-DSGCs), which det

141 d for robust direction selectivity of On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells (On-Off DSGCs) agains

142 f strong null-direction inhibition of On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells (On-Off DSGCs) on the

143 p inhibitory synaptic input fields of On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells (On-Off DSGCs), which

144 We asked how ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells (ooDSGCs) in mouse re

145 ral resolution.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells (ooDSGCs) in the mamm

146 rential mechanisms than alphaRGCs and On-Off Direction-Selective Ganglion Cells (ooDSGCs) to form spe

147 -CreER2 mice, which labels subsets of on-off direction-selective ganglion cells (ooDSGCs) tuned to th

148 Here, we report that direction-selective ganglion cells can be identified in

149 In contrast, direction-selective ganglion cells in retina are present

150 Specific On-Off bistratified direction-selective ganglion cells in semaphorin 6A(-/-)

151 ne cells and their synaptic partners, ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells, express FLRT2 and ar

152 own to provide a major synaptic input to the direction-selective ganglion cells, participate in the d

153 at a class of retinal output neurons, On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells, transiently increase

154 tion at the level of individual dendrites of direction-selective ganglion cells.

155 ion selectivity in the retina is mediated by direction-selective ganglion cells.

156 ine cells and/or the ON-plexus of the ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells.

157 ls that NF cells receive synaptic input from direction-selective ganglion cells.

158 itical for generating directional signals in direction-selective ganglion cells.

159 es may reflect the functional segregation of direction-selective, high spatial frequency-preferring n

160 puts to DSGCs are also widely reported to be direction-selective, however, recent evidence suggests t

161 ction-selective motion adaptation produced a direction-selective imbalance in MT+ responses (and earl

162 o larger object sizes and are frequently not direction-selective, indicating that mainly interocular

163 Whether direction-selective information computed at the level of

164 This selectivity is governed by direction-selective inhibition from starburst amacrine c

165 However, whether direction-selective inhibition is indispensable for dire

166 e demonstrate that these interneurons convey direction-selective inhibition to wide-field neurons wit

167 We report five key features: (1) direction-selective inputs are developmentally invariant

168 ration of lateralized signals transmitted by direction-selective LANs underlies the encoding of water

169 synaptic inputs with this global signal in a direction-selective manner.

170 many units are excited by visual motion in a direction-selective manner.

171 Recent work has elucidated direction-selective mechanisms in inhibitory circuitry,

172 To examine how direction-selective mechanisms parse the motion signals

173 es sufficiently vivid mental images to cause direction-selective motion adaptation in the visual syst

174 eliminating this confound, we observed that direction-selective motion adaptation produced a directi

175 st known relay neurons to signal small-field direction-selective motion responses [1].

176 FF and ON neurites generally, and OFF and ON direction-selective neurites specifically, within the de

177 and disparity-based 3D motions demonstrated direction-selective neuroimaging responses.

178 me-dependent signals were less consistent in direction selective neurons and were largely absent duri

179 Direction selective neurons in macaque primary visual co

180 Most direction selective neurons in the mouse SC respond robu

181 Here, we study how these direction selective neurons respond to complex motion pa

182 5 mum region contains anterior and posterior direction-selective neurons (DSLGNs) intermingled with n

183 AE, and quantify the relative proportions of direction-selective neurons across human visual areas.

184 FM direction-selective neurons are found in the primary aud

185 perture problem" is particularly relevant to direction-selective neurons early in the visual pathways

186 Direction-selective neurons have been identified in the

187 d filter models to account for the output of direction-selective neurons in a general manner.

188 On half of the trials, we stimulated direction-selective neurons in area MT, thereby causing

189 lus is expressed in the responses of pattern-direction-selective neurons in area MT, which depend in

190 We also show that direction-selective neurons in macaque visual cortex gav

191 Direction-selective neurons in primary visual cortex hav

192 In contrast to direction-selective neurons in primary visual cortex, a

193 Direction-selective neurons in the middle temporal visua

194 in adult male and female mice, we show that direction-selective neurons in the mouse SC are not orga

195 Direction-selective neurons in the primary visual cortex

196 ammals, the perception of motion starts with direction-selective neurons in the visual cortex.

197 ound regions of the receptive fields of many direction-selective neurons in visual cortex.

198 Direction-selective neurons respond to visual motion in

199 the four subtypes of T4 and T5 visual motion direction-selective neurons segregate into four layers,

200 Another subset of direction-selective neurons with response fields that ov

201 is generated by unbalanced contributions of direction-selective neurons' responses to stationary edg

202 cy in Drosophila that emerges in first-order direction-selective neurons, the elementary motion detec

203 opponency has been observed in second-order direction-selective neurons, which achieve this opponenc

204 hese changes extend to downstream ON and OFF direction-selective neurons, which are activated by spar

205 Direction-selective neurons, which respond selectively t

206 ic lobe, T4 and T5 cells represent the first direction-selective neurons, with T4 cells responding se

207 Ring neurons show strong and, in some cases, direction-selective orientation tuning, with a notable p

208 sponse properties including: (1) orientation/direction-selective (OS/DS) cells with a firing rate tha

209 plaids, we classified MT neurons as pattern direction selective (PDS) or component direction selecti

210 Pattern direction-selective (PDS) neurons on the other hand, com

211 tructure that can act as a polarization- and direction-selective perfect absorber for the infrared re

212 We demonstrate that this model displays direction-selective persistent activity.

213 recurrent cross-inhibition can give rise to direction-selective persistent activity.

214 d found that some bipolar cells are radially direction selective, preferring the origin of small obje

215 The direction-selective propagation of the charge has been o

216 ms that have been proposed to underlie their direction-selective properties, but experimentally verif

217 anglion cells are generated in large part by direction-selective release of gamma-aminobutyric acid f

218 A subset of motion sensitive cells are direction selective - responding strongly to motion in o

219 Using fMRI, we identified a direction-selective response bias in human visual cortex

220 Our goal was to determine how these direction-selective response patterns directly relate to

221 in the cross-area mutual information between direction-selective response patterns in V1 and MT, sugg

222 are then nonlinearly amplified to produce a direction-selective response.

223 subtype-specific input field for generating direction selective responses without significant glycin

224 ion of visual experience to the emergence of direction- selective responses in ferret visual cortex.

225 found that individual neurons exhibited weak direction-selective responses accompanied by a reduced b

226 The retina exhibits direction-selective responses across glider stimuli, and

227 A third class exhibits direction-selective responses and targets deeper SC laye

228 Direction-selective responses are detected at eye openin

229 Determining how direction-selective responses are generated across varie

230 Direction-selective responses are particularly vulnerabl

231 S cone stimuli produced robust, direction-selective responses at most recording sites, i

232 cuss the implications for the development of direction-selective responses in downstream visual areas

233 plays a critical role in the development of direction-selective responses in ferret visual cortex.

234 ptors are both involved in the generation of direction-selective responses in layer 2/3 cells of area

235 visual stimuli drives the rapid emergence of direction-selective responses in the visual cortex.

236 e impact of experience on the development of direction-selective responses in visually naive ferrets.

237 ot with a flashed stimulus, strengthened the direction-selective responses of individual neurons and

238 In vivo recordings demonstrate that direction-selective responses of NF cells are independen

239 ing" stimulus induces rapid increases in the direction-selective responses of single neurons that can

240 ave directionality alters the development of direction-selective responses of superior colliculus neu

241 Direction-selective responses to motion can be to the on

242 motion detection, specifically in generating direction-selective responses to moving stimuli.

243 we find that brief motion adaptation evokes direction-selective responses to subsequently presented

244 evelopmental strategy for the elaboration of direction-selective responses, one in which experience-i

245 lta-LTMR lanceolate endings, which underlies direction-selective responsiveness of Adelta-LTMRs to ha

246 mework for small molecule-mediated site- and direction-selective restoration of iron transport.

247 OKN is driven by ON direction selective retinal ganglion cells (ON DSGCs), w

248 same circuit components that form the adult direction-selective retinal circuit and that chronic dis

249 le for neural activity in the development of direction-selective retinal circuits has not been establ

250 tative predictions about the connectivity of direction-selective retinal ganglion cell (DSRGC) inputs

251 On-Off direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs) encod

252 For instance, it is unknown whether direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs) exist

253 Direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs) respo

254 ngs and two-photon calcium imaging show that direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs) utili

255 Information about motion is encoded by direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs).

256 rites, which provide selective inhibition to direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (dsRGCs).

257 OKR occurs when ON direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (oDSGCs) dete

258 ) labels only one of the four subtypes of ON direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (ON-DS RGCs),

259 On-Off direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (On-Off DSGCs

260 at noise correlations in responses of ON-OFF direction-selective retinal ganglion cells are strongly

261 Direction-selective retinal ganglion cells show an incre

262 ls (SACs) and their known synaptic partners, direction-selective retinal ganglion cells, as well as t

263 simultaneous recordings from a population of direction-selective retinal ganglion cells, we demonstra

264 ateral shell, the primary terminal domain of direction-selective retinal ganglion cells.

265 The direction-selective retinal input is linearly amplified

266 Our findings indicate that On-Off direction-selective retinal neurons may have evolutionar

267 nriched in the perivascular niche, including direction-selective RGC (DSGC) and intrinsically photose

268 l. (2015) and Sun et al. (2015) identify how direction-selective RGC axons match with their targets a

269 Three prominent RGC subtypes: On-Off direction selective RGCs, object-motion-sensitive RGCs,

270 d that they include all three subtypes of On direction-selective RGCs (On-DSGCs), responding to upwar

271 Individual members of a group of ON-OFF direction-selective RGCs (ooDSGCs) detect stimuli moving

272 Notably, direction-selective RGCs appeared to be more vulnerable

273 amyloid precursor protein (APP), a subset of direction-selective RGCs fail to target the nucleus of t

274 e spiking properties of ON, OFF, ON-OFF, and direction-selective RGCs were normal in young D2 mice.

275 rphologically distinct from mouse and rabbit direction-selective RGCs.

276 s, with a high susceptibility for alpha- and direction selective-RGCs and preferential survival of ip

277 y isolate the retinal inputs that individual direction-selective SC neurons receive and find that the

278 sis of the readout of simulated responses of direction-selective sensory neurons in the middle tempor

279 n calcium imaging in Drosophila, we describe direction selective signals in the dendrites of T4 and T

280 e results provide further evidence that: (1) direction-selective signals underly human MT+ responses,

281 imation weight these correlations to produce direction-selective signals.

282 We recorded the responses of direction-selective simple and complex cells in the prim

283 ation of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to direction-selective simple cells in cat visual cortex.

284 (2) the preferred directions of the model's direction-selective Simple cells were invariant with spa

285 This action restraint - visible as direction-selective slowing of reaction times - altered

286 ncidence of light, we surprisingly observe a direction-selective spin photocurrent at the WSe(2)/SiP

287 features of cholinergic connections between direction-selective starburst amacrine cells and downstr

288 t that GABA(A) inhibition implements a local direction-selective static nonlinearity, rather than a f

289 hey generate are predominantly of the single direction-selective subtype.

290 We demonstrate that direction-selective suppression can impart selectivity o

291 h, iGluSnFR revealed spatial organization of direction-selective synaptic activity in the optic tectu

292 and Tm3 providing spatially offset input to direction-selective T4 cells, thereby forming the two in

293 aMP6f, respectively, to measure responses in direction-selective T4 neurons of female Drosophila Comp

294 pectedly, L1 and passes information onto the direction-selective T5 neuron.

295 mately dispensable for the correct wiring of direction-selective tectal circuits, but it is crucial f

296 e find that contralateral responses are more direction-selective than ipsilateral responses and are s

297 e primary visual cortex (V1) of primates are direction selective, they provide ambiguous information

298 visual experience is not required to produce direction-selective tuning.

299 ent three-photon imaging of orientation- and direction- selective visual responses from these cells.

300 Some neurons carried a direction-selective visual signal, consistent with a rol