ライフサイエンスコーパス: diuretic

1 position, and by physiological effect (e.g., diuretic).

2 t three antihypertensive agents, including a diuretic).

3 reatment with an antiarrythmics drug or loop diuretic).

4 ry sodium when used in combination with loop diuretic.

5 ertensive patients who need treatment with a diuretic.

6 ihypertensive medications, one of which is a diuretic.

7 ng hospitalization or outpatient intravenous diuretic.

8 competitive V2 receptor agonist and an anti-diuretic.

9 were on >/=2 classes and only 29% were on a diuretic.

10 d doses of at least three drugs, including a diuretic.

11 neys can produce urine after a given dose of diuretic.

12 and the available data on the optimal use of diuretics.

13 was confirmed by the natriuretic response to diuretics.

14 beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or diuretics.

15 ir actions on glycemic control or as osmotic diuretics.

16 el approach to potentiate the action of loop diuretics.

17 positive effect, such as glaucoma, or act as diuretics.

18 c shock includes inotropes, vasopressors and diuretics.

19 ct of empagliflozin in combination with loop diuretics.

20 ving dialysis and 847 discharged on thiazide diuretics.

21 l outcomes than those not discharged on loop diuretics.

22 istry, 9,866 (39%) received no pre-admission diuretics.

23 nce of treatment effect modification by loop diuretics.

24 lance and related this to renal clearance of diuretics.

25 ervative care and was started on digoxin and diuretics.

26 analyzable patients, 736 (15.9%) were on no diuretic, 1311 (28.4%) were on <40 mg, 1365 (29.6%) were

27 sive drug than in those receiving a thiazide diuretic (-2.38 mm Hg [-6.16 to 1.40]).

28 uded; at baseline, 3352 (50.5%) did not have diuretics, 2195 (33.1%) had diuretic doses between 1 and

29 n fraction of <40% (7.7%), or were on a loop diuretic (29.9%).

30 agliflozin group reported intensification of diuretics (297 versus 414 [HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.56-0.78;

31 domized patients (n=8399)were treated with a diuretic (80%) and beta-blocker (93%); 47% of those taki

32 s 43.8%), ivabradine (8.3% versus 3.6%), and diuretics (94.2% versus 78.6%) and less often renin-angi

33 w ascites and peripheral edema, treated with diuretics, a low-salt diet, and fluid restriction.

34 Therefore, the diuretic action of kinin in Drosophila can be explained

35 nolactone would therefore be superior to non-diuretic add-on drugs at lowering blood pressure.

36 l incentives for daily weight monitoring and diuretic adherence combined with automated feedback into

37 m handling, to assess sodium exit after loop diuretic administration and FENa to assess the net sodiu

38 benefits compared with those of traditional diuretic administration are unknown.

39 d and require a delay of several hours after diuretic administration before they are available.

40 Radiotracer T1/2 values after diuretic administration did not correlate with median SW

41 ll as change in median SWS (median SWS after diuretic administration minus median SWS before diuretic

42 iuretic response can be predicted soon after diuretic administration with excellent accuracy using a

43 retic administration minus median SWS before diuretic administration) were correlated with the amount

44 .08, P = .53) or after (r = -0.0004, P >.99) diuretic administration, nor did they correlate with int

45 ent by submitting mice to water deprivation, diuretic administration, or high-Na(+) diet increased re

46 ith improved clinical outcomes compared with diuretic administration.

47 rine sample obtained 1 or 2 hours after loop diuretic administration.

48 t impair this mechanism (e.g., thiazide-type diuretic agents and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonis

49 Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretic agents are being increasingly used at lower dos

50 CCBs (hazard ratio 1.49 considering thiazide diuretic agents as a comparator; 95% CI, 1.04-2.14) but

51 ephron segments with low water permeability, diuretic agents that impair this mechanism (e.g., thiazi

52 acting agents (e.g., acetazolamide and loop diuretic agents) are preferred.

53 In contrast, compared with diuretic agents, some data suggest that adjustment of ul

54 h subsequent worsening requiring intravenous diuretic agents, were assessed.

55 The former is caused by diuretic agents, which enhance sodium excretion, often w

56 ts presenting with AHF requiring intravenous diuretic agents.

57 ty, electrolyte content, and the presence of diuretic agents.

58 d patients with AHF treated with intravenous diuretic agents.

59 class, diastolic blood pressure, and use of diuretic agents.

60 AHF therapies, such as diuretics, alter chloride homeostasis.

61 y methyltransferase inhibition, EIPA, or the diuretic amiloride.

62 ition or substitution of a potassium-sparing diuretic, amiloride, to treatment with a thiazide can pr

63 ste cell responses were not inhibited by the diuretic, amiloride.

64 asses, including a long-acting thiazide-like diuretic and an MR (mineralocorticoid receptor) antagoni

65 udy treatment in the following subgroups: no diuretic and diuretic dose equivalent to furosemide <40,

66 Our aim was to assess the diuretic and natriuretic effect of empagliflozin in comb

67 Perhaps more important are the osmotic diuretic and natriuretic effects contributing to plasma

68 6.6% (144 of 2,191) of patients in the loop diuretic and no loop diuretic groups, respectively (HR w

69 artery pressure information, more changes in diuretic and vasodilator therapies were made in the trea

70 Diuretics and anticoagulants were underutilized in women

71 ally in part by overcoming the resistance to diuretics and atrial-natriuretic-peptide and inhibiting

72 Beneficiaries initiating diuretics and beneficiaries initiating digoxin were more

73 s to determine the relationship between loop diuretics and clinical outcomes in patients with HF.

74 of BP response of thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics and help identify the patients better suited f

75 ss by exercise training, sodium retention by diuretics and monitoring devices, myocardial nitric oxid

76 ckers, calcium-channel blockers, or thiazide diuretics and the likelihood of a positive or negative r

77 of clinically important drugs including loop diuretics and their disruption has been implicated in pa

78 nd may be responsible for both resistance to diuretics and to endogenous natriuretic peptides.

79 in 11 patients we withdrew beta-blockers and diuretics and used phenylephrine and albumin infusion to

80 Despite inpatient diuretics and vasodilators targeting decongestion, persi

81 iation Class III or IV, nearly all on a loop diuretic, and 70% with a HF hospitalization in the previ

82 is associated with an increased natriuretic, diuretic, and kaliuretic response during the first 2-3 d

83 mic beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, and angiotensin receptor antagonists), smokin

84 -line drug classes thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ang

85 e to its carminative, stimulant, antiseptic, diuretic, antihypertensive, and hepatoprotective activit

86 Thiazide diuretics are among the most commonly prescribed antihyp

87 Thiazide diuretics are among the most widely used treatments for

88 Diuretics are commonly used to treat hypertension and ex

89 Distal diuretics are considered less effective than loop diuret

90 To investigate whether distal diuretics are noninferior to dietary sodium restriction

91 Distal diuretics are noninferior to dietary sodium restriction

92 Loop diuretics are one of the cornerstones of treatments for

93 Loop diuretics are used for congestion relief, and dose adapt

94 Thiazide diuretics are used to treat hypertension; however, compe

95 e its cardinal manifestations for which loop diuretics are used.

96 ntly better than thiazides and thiazide-like diuretics as a first-line therapy for any outcome.

97 erenone would lead clinicians to reduce loop diuretics, as a consequence of the improvement in patien

98 6 patients, 5,568 (70%) were prescribed loop diuretics at discharge.

99 : (1) observational: patients receiving loop diuretics at the Yale Transitional Care Center (N=162) a

100 ith HF (n=128) receiving treatment with loop diuretics at the Yale Transitional Care Center.

101 -1.66; 95% CI, -2.57 to -0.75; P < 0.001) or diuretics (beta = -1.38; 95% CI, -2.59 to -0.17; P < 0.0

102 -2.44; 95% CI, -3.99 to -0.89; P = 0.002) or diuretics (beta = -2.76; 95% CI, -4.76 to -0.76; P = 0.0

103 cs) to identify novel biomarkers of thiazide diuretics BP response.

104 VASP as a potential determinant of thiazide diuretics BP response.

105 VIP+ neurons-a low concentration of the loop diuretic bumetanide had differential effects on AVP+ and

106 Preclinical data suggest that the loop-diuretic bumetanide might be an effective treatment for

107 ce NKCC2 is the molecular target of the loop diuretics bumetanide and furosemide, we asked about thei

108 tors will likely be coprescribed with a loop diuretic, but this combined effect is not well-defined.

109 potassium after the initiation of digoxin or diuretics by Medicare beneficiaries.

110 I receptor blockers, beta-blockers, thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and metformin.

111 ds pharmacologic monotherapy with a thiazide diuretic, citrate, or allopurinol to prevent recurrent n

112 plasma indoxyl sulfate correlated with lower diuretic clearance, the diuretic effects on body weight

113 nsitivity in CKD is maintained despite lower diuretic clearance.

114 better suited for thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics compared to beta-blockers for improved BP mana

115 and right ventricular stroke volume, whereas diuretics decreased right ventricular preload and right

116 Rodents chronically administered loop diuretics develop DR due to compensatory distal tubular

117 decreased albuminuria significantly, whereas diuretics did significantly reduce urinary angiotensinog

118 nce of comorbidities, and were more often on diuretics, digoxin, and angiotensin converting enzyme in

119 0.8-3.5) predominantly because of changes in diuretic dose (40 versus 0 mg/patient, P<0.001).

120 s no longer significant after correction for diuretic dose (P=0.263), indicating preserved diuretic e

121 Diuretic dose did not change in most patients during fol

122 in most patients during follow-up, and mean diuretic dose did not differ between the dapagliflozin a

123 in the following subgroups: no diuretic and diuretic dose equivalent to furosemide <40, 40, and >40

124 Eplerenone treatment led to a loop diuretic dose reduction during follow-up without evidenc

125 nd mortality regardless of the baseline loop diuretic dose used: hazard ratio for the outcome of card

126 ciency, fluid output, hemoconcentration, and diuretic dose.

127 formation beyond that of raw fluid output or diuretic dose.

128 urine volume, and percentage change in loop diuretic dose.

129 etween 1 and 40 mg/day, and 1085 (16.4%) had diuretic doses >40 mg/day.

130 5%) did not have diuretics, 2195 (33.1%) had diuretic doses between 1 and 40 mg/day, and 1085 (16.4%)

131 nt was associated with lower prescribed loop diuretic doses throughout the follow-up; lower doses wer

132 Both baseline and follow-up incremental loop diuretic doses were associated with worse prognosis.

133 oms, which enables clinicians to reduce loop diuretic doses.

134 n a positive sodium balance with twice-daily diuretic dosing.

135 % were male, 13% filled a prescription for a diuretic during the baseline time period, and the mean b

136 xidant, nephro- and hepato-protective, renal/diuretic effect, effects on lipid metabolism (anti-chole

137 s, down-regulated in expression, that have a diuretic effect.

138 orrelated with lower diuretic clearance, the diuretic effects on body weight and BP at lower eGFR wer

139 on mechanisms provides insight into thiazide diuretic efficacy.

140 s a result, we hypothesized that a metric of diuretic efficiency (DE) would capture distinct prognost

141 iuretic dose (P=0.263), indicating preserved diuretic efficiency during the study.

142 Higher diuretic efficiency in black patients with acute heart f

143 We sought to determine whether diuretic efficiency is associated with racial difference

144 Diuretic efficiency was calculated as net fluid balance

145 Diuretic efficiency was higher in black than in nonblack

146 sening renal function was not increased, and diuretic efficiency was significantly improved with the

147 amined across a range of parameters, such as diuretic efficiency, fluid output, hemoconcentration, an

148 uated the association between black race and diuretic efficiency.

149 Using propensity scores for receipt of loop diuretics estimated for each of the 7,936 patients, a ma

150 ocardial Infarction), many patients required diuretics for congestion relief.

151 pensation (HF hospitalization or intravenous diuretics for HF without hospitalization), and with elev

152 DD-study: Diet or Diuretics for Salt-sensitivity in Chronic Kidney Disease

153 ould represent a target for new and improved diuretics for the treatment of hypertension and heart fa

154 otassium channel, ROMK, will represent novel diuretics for the treatment of hypertension.

155 Cotreatment with the diuretic furosemide in wild-type mice attenuated rosigli

156 disease that mimics the effects of the loop diuretic furosemide, ClC-Kb/K2 is assumed to have a crit

157 Treatment with a loop diuretic, furosemide, under insulinopenic conditions rep

158 Patients in the loop diuretic group had a significantly lower risk of 30-day

159 of patients in the loop diuretic and no loop diuretic groups, respectively (HR when the use of loop d

160 o received a discharge prescription for loop diuretics had significantly better 30-day clinical outco

161 Loop diuretics have well-described toxicities, and loss of re

162 Here, we demonstrate that diuretic hormone 31 (DH31) complements PDF function in r

163 y cells in the Drosophila brain that produce Diuretic hormone 44 (Dh44), a homolog of the mammalian c

164 ted by a brain signaling pathway composed of diuretic hormone 44 (Dh44), a neuropeptide related to ve

165 ty are unclear, but involve the neuropeptide diuretic hormone 44 (DH44), an ortholog of corticotropin

166 m, and the neuropeptide leucokinin (LK) is a diuretic hormone that also modulates feeding.

167 at the addition of tolvaptan to a background diuretic improved dyspnea early in patients selected for

168 had heart failure or hypertension initiating diuretic in 2011 and 8683 beneficiaries who had heart fa

169 ablation of claudin-14 or the use of a loop diuretic in mice abrogated HDAC inhibitor-induced hypoca

170 r, calcium channel blocker, or thiazide-type diuretic in the nonblack hypertensive population, includ

171 tics are considered less effective than loop diuretics in CKD.

172 trial (SGLT2 Inhibition in Combination With Diuretics in Heart Failure) was a randomized, double-bli

173 late osmotic stability are disrupted by loop diuretics in rats.

174 acokinetics is essential for skillful use of diuretics in the management of heart failure in both the

175 ed 6-hour urine collections to quantify loop diuretic-induced cumulative sodium output.

176 Thus, pendrin may attenuate diuretic-induced salt loss, but this function remains un

177 uartile range, 15.6%-75.7%) of the estimated diuretic-induced sodium release did not undergo distal r

178 sfunction requiring continuous vasoactive or diuretic infusion, respiratory support, or mechanical ci

179 cardiovascular magnetic resonance measures, diuretic intensification, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Que

180 astolic volume index, LV ejection fraction), diuretic intensification, symptoms (Kansas City Cardiomy

181 Potassium depletion by thiazide diuretics is associated with a rise in blood glucose.

182 clinical trial evidence to guide the use of diuretics is sparse.

183 mbination, particularly including a thiazide diuretic, is very often necessary and should be started

184 After controlling for urine diuretic levels, the increase in FELi explained only 6.4

185 fit patients with type 2 diabetes who need a diuretic-like effect to optimise control of blood pressu

186 in cells expressing NCC, indicating thiazide diuretics may be particularly effective for lowering BP

187 s for HFpEF but evidence supports the use of diuretics, mineralocorticoid antagonists and lifestyle i

188 brillation; and moderate dose of intravenous diuretics (n = 200).

189 Patients treated with diuretics (n=4) displayed higher abundance of full-lengt

190 in a control cohort without HF not receiving diuretics (n=52; 16.6%+/-9.2%; P=0.82).

191 mortality in SHHF, which was associated with diuretic, natriuretic and hypotensive effects.

192 rs, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, nitrates, statins, insulin, biguanides, sulfo

193 1.17-2.62), and IV fluids, electrolytes, or diuretics (odds ratio, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.21-2.48) at trans

194 ional Institutes of Health HF Network, DOSE (Diuretic Optimization Strategies Evaluation) and ROSE (R

195 valuation in Acute Heart Failure), DOSE-AHF (Diuretic Optimization Strategy Evaluation in Acute Decom

196 as performed of 496 patients enrolled in the Diuretic Optimization Strategy Evaluation in Acute Decom

197 Rather than the absolute dose of diuretic or urine output, the primary signal of interest

198 In Medicare beneficiaries initiating diuretics or digoxin, this study examined disparities in

199 , are usually treated with potassium-sparing diuretics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and or

200 of antihypertensive medication (including a diuretic) or use of >=4 classes of antihypertensive medi

201 eart failure on problem list, inpatient loop diuretic, or brain natriuretic peptide level of 500 pg/m

202 r pressure-volume loops, invasive pressures, diuretic output, respiratory variables, and blood analys

203 iles also favoured thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics over angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

204 with truly resistant hypertension, thiazide diuretics, particularly chlorthalidone, should be consid

205 infoldings of the stellate cells after kinin diuretic peptide stimulation, confirming that these cell

206 uanced understanding of renal physiology and diuretic pharmacokinetics is essential for skillful use

207 Hospitalized older patients not taking diuretics prior to hospitalization for HF decompensation

208 Diuretics produced a greater reduction in 24-hour systol

209 This favorable diuretic profile may offer significant advantage in the

210 these benefits are not well understood, but diuretic properties may contribute.

211 Diuretics reduce the rate of action potential fall in th

212 quantity of natriuresis despite an adequate diuretic regimen, is a major clinical challenge that gen

213 eys immediately before and immediately after diuretic renal scintigraphy (reference standard for pres

214 Understanding the tubular location of diuretic resistance (DR) in heart failure (HF) is critic

215 <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2); 2) hyponatremia; or 3) diuretic resistance (urine output </=125 ml/h following

216 renal perfusion and oxygenation, leading to diuretic resistance and recurrent hospitalization.

217 associated with neurohormonal activation and diuretic resistance with chloride depletion as a candida

218 Renal dysfunction, diuretic resistance, and hyponatremia represent treatmen

219 high doses may relieve congestion, overcome diuretic resistance, and mitigate the effects of adverse

220 Diuretic resistance, defined as an inadequate quantity o

221 l a complex mechanism that explains thiazide diuretic resistance.

222 of hypertension and edema, perhaps including diuretic-resistant edema.

223 Diuretic response (defined as weight change per 40 mg of

224 Hypochloremia was associated with poor diuretic response (odds ratio, 7.3; 95% confidence inter

225 Both diuretic response and hemoconcentration are indicators o

226 o 0.82; P=0.004) for patients with favorable diuretic response and hemoconcentration compared with al

227 Patients who displayed both favorable diuretic response and hemoconcentration had a markedly l

228 This study examines the value of combining diuretic response and hemoconcentration to better predic

229 e tools for rapid and accurate prediction of diuretic response are needed.

230 ators of decongestion, hemoconcentration and diuretic response improves risk prediction for early reh

231 The postingestion diuretic response is likely to be influenced by several

232 Poor diuretic response was associated with low systolic blood

233 e was associated with high bicarbonate, poor diuretic response, less hemoconcentration, and worsening

234 e primary signal of interest when evaluating diuretic responsiveness is the efficiency with which the

235 ion between (changes in) chloride levels and diuretic responsiveness, decongestion, and mortality in

236 inition that excluded the intensification of diuretics resulted in a lower event rate but a stronger

237 uresis, particularly when combined with loop diuretics, resulting in an improvement in blood volume.

238 Diuretic sensitivity in CKD is maintained despite lower

239 pressin receptor antagonists, urea, and loop diuretics serve this purpose, but received different rec

240 ntihypertensive drug regimens that include a diuretic, should be complemented by the sequential addit

241 classes; however, thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics showed better primary effectiveness than angio

242 The diuretics spironolactone and trichlormethiazide, but not

243 ymptomatic management may include the use of diuretics, statins, infection prophylaxis and anticoagul

244 unds (mixture of anabolics, beta-2 agonists, diuretics, stimulants, narcotics, and beta-blockers) spi

245 of dapagliflozin were consistent across the diuretic subgroups examined in DAPA-HF.

246 atment toleration were consistent across the diuretic subgroups.

247 Traditional diuretics such as furosemide induce substantial neurohor

248 h the exception of thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics superiority to angiotensin-converting enzyme i

249 50% after intravenous administration of the diuretic (T1/2).

250 inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channel and diuretic target, Kir1.1.

251 harmacological validation of ROMK as a novel diuretic target.

252 n developing new classes of antihypertensive diuretics targeting ROMK.

253 was confirmed by the natriuretic response to diuretics targeting the thick ascending limb, the distal

254 neurohormonal activation, and regulation of diuretic targets, and hypochloremia predicts mortality i

255 Thiazide diuretics (TD) are commonly prescribed anti-hypertensive

256 2 inhibitors are proximal tubule and osmotic diuretics that reduce volume retention and blood pressur

257 Treatment with loop diuretics, the current cornerstone of decongestive treat

258 background diuretic treatment and change in diuretic therapy after randomization to dapagliflozin or

259 n may allow for less intensification of loop diuretic therapy and a lower incidence of worsening rena

260 ological principles that underlie the use of diuretic therapy and the available data on the optimal u

261 ia, or an inadequate response to traditional diuretic therapy despite dose escalation.

262 een hospitalized or had received intravenous diuretic therapy is unclear.

263 Symptomatic improvement with diuretic therapy supports the presence of HFpEF in patie

264 f metrics of renal function and preadmission diuretic therapy, traditional baseline characteristics,

265 potential utility of pendrin inhibitors for diuretic therapy, we tested in mice a small-molecule pen

266 dical management with heart rate control and diuretic therapy.

267 atrial fibrillation, pacemakers, and chronic diuretic therapy.

268 e enhancing drugs in sports as athletes take diuretics to dilute the concentration of drugs in their

269 uggest that administration of high-dose loop diuretics to patients with HF yields meaningful increase

270 Treatment strategies include the use of diuretics to relieve symptoms and application of an expa

271 Thiazide diuretics treat the disease, fostering the view that hyp

272 (n = 8, isotonic saline, 1 L/hr for 2 hr) or diuretic treatment (n = 8, furosemide, 40 mg every 30 mi

273 y of dapagliflozin in relation to background diuretic treatment and change in diuretic therapy after

274 Diuretic treatment decreased right ventricular end-diast

275 During diuretic treatment, higher PGE2 excretion correlated wit

276 <60 mL.min(-1).1.73 m(-2), albuminuria, and diuretic use (each P interaction <0.05).

277 D deficiency (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.22), diuretic use (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07-1.18), and renal in

278 .239; 95% CI, 0.140-0.408), and preoperative diuretic use (RYGB: OR, 1.729; 95% CI, 1.462-2.045 and A

279 espectively; P = .008), as well as increased diuretic use and pulmonary edema on first chest x-ray, w

280 95% CI, 7.9-10.6]; P<0.001), a lower risk of diuretic use at discharge (odds ratio, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.25

281 -term clinical benefits associated with loop diuretic use in HF.

282 ng status, alcohol use, daily blocks walked, diuretic use, estimated glomerular filtration rate, left

283 multivariate analysis included pre-operative diuretic use, longer cardiopulmonary bypass time, operat

284 The prevalence of atrial fibrillation and diuretic use, n-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide le

285 od pressure less than 140/90 mm Hg; thiazide diuretics used in multidrug hypertensive regimen; athero

286 ive agents of different classes, including a diuretic, usually thiazide-like, a long-acting calcium c

287 The hazard ratio in patients taking any diuretic was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.68-0.90).

288 roups, respectively (HR when the use of loop diuretics was compared with nonuse: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.57 t

289 ding intravenous treatment with inotropes or diuretics was the most common adverse event (in 20 [2%]

290 The resulting natriuresis-driven diuretic water loss is assumed to control the extracellu

291 more antihypertensive medications, ACEI, and diuretics were associated with a loss of structural mark

292 Beneficiaries initiating diuretics were less likely to have testing if they were

293 calcium channel blockers (CCB), insulin, and diuretics were significantly higher in the periodontitis

294 , calcium channel blockers were inferior and diuretics were superior to other drug classes.

295 ulating blood decreases with the use of loop diuretics, which might result in less immediate transloc

296 ept for NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, and thiazide diuretics, which were more prevalent in black patients.

297 educed ejection fraction taking regular loop diuretic who were randomized to empagliflozin 25 mg once

298 Beneficiaries initiating diuretics with laboratory values were more likely to hav

299 bitors are first in their class salt-sparing diuretics with potential clinical indications in volume-

300 study treatment in the following subgroups: diuretics (yes/no), digitalis glycoside (yes/no), minera