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1 experience an intense tactile stimulus (mild electric shock).
2 and an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US, electric shock).
3 eneralization stimuli (GS; never paired with electric shock).
4 uent unconditioned stimulus (US; an aversive electric shock).
5 s paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US; electric-shock).
6 y following an unexpected negative stimulus, electric shock.
7 nset that closely matched that observed with electric shock.
8 ormed in the APL neuron by pairing odor with electric shock.
9 neural responses to waiting for a cutaneous electric shock.
10 , and the unconditioned stimulus (US) was an electric shock.
11 ce tasks are not a consequence of the use of electric shock.
12 seizure recovery time (RT) in response to an electric shock.
13 ucrose solution, floral scents, and aversive electric shock.
14 sucrose to help protect their cage mate from electric shock.
15 with increasing association between CSs and electric shocks.
16 i (CSs) became more strongly associated with electric shocks.
17 abilistic mapping between visual stimuli and electric shocks.
18 ts of money and different numbers of painful electric shocks.
19 and brain activity in response to threat of electric shocks.
20 exposure levels to ELF-MF and potential for electric shocks.
22 houses: one of each pair was followed by an electric shock [a conditioned stimulus (CS(+))], the oth
23 regression for exposure to either ELF-MF or electric shocks, adjusted for age, sex, study center, ed
24 sions combining monetary rewards and painful electric shocks, administered to the participants themse
25 ive stress, ethanol exposure, heat shock and electric shock, also induce NEMO SUMOylation, thus demon
26 bles encode space at a finer scale following electric shock, an effect which is enhanced by threat pr
27 imulus predicted receipt of an uncomfortable electric shock and another did not; these contingencies
28 e mutant lines to associate an odor cue with electric shock and then examined the memory of this cond
29 association between occupational exposure to electric shocks and motor neurone disease but did not sh
30 rol a stressor (i.e., avoid and/or escape an electric shock), and compared the changes with those obs
31 high-intensity radiant heat or reactivity to electric shock, and produce hyperalgesia as measured by
32 resentation of negative reinforcers, such as electric shock, and the omission of expected positive re
33 urbances observed experimentally after large electric shocks are delivered to excitable cells and tis
34 ng light as the conditioned stimulus with an electric shock as the aversive unconditioned stimulus.
35 of 4-ms shock pulses were used to mimic the electric shock by a power-line frequency electric field.
36 e prospect of an unusual sensory experience (electric shock), compared with the opportunity to gain a
37 n; only the midsize one was paired with mild electric shock [conditioned stimulus (CS)], while the ot
39 otential changes (DeltaVm) induced by strong electric shocks delivered during the action potential pl
40 ) before one of them (S1) is associated with electric shocks elicits a conditional response not only
41 CI: 1.05, 3.36) in a job with high level of electric shock exposure, with less pronounced associatio
42 d associations with occupational exposure to electric shocks, extremely low-frequency magnetic fields
43 , physical assaults, robberies, hostilities, electric shocks, fires, drownings, work accidents, terro
45 gth and waveform on cardiac vulnerability to electric shocks have been extensively documented, the co
46 33 cm gray wooden cube and was given a mild electric shock if it did not jump up onto the box rim in
54 , an unconditioned stimulus (for example, an electric shock) is introduced in the final moments of a
56 h dumb alleles showed negligible learning in electric shock-mediated conditioning while they exhibite
58 ving ever worked in a job with potential for electric shocks (odds ratio (OR) = 1.35, 95% confidence
59 had potential exposure above background for electric shocks (odds ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence inter
60 this task, participants were threatened with electric shocks of uncertain intensity, which were unpre
61 accept "dirty" money obtained by inflicting electric shocks on another person (versus "clean" money
63 netary gain) and aversive (monetary loss and electric shock) outcomes during high-resolution function
64 le served as a conditioned stimulus (CS; 50% electric shock probability) and rectangles with widths o
68 ther insect species conditioned with salt or electric shock reinforcers [4-7], learned avoidances of
69 gsc2 neurons are activated more robustly by electric shock, rln3a neurons exhibit spontaneous fluctu
71 ed as conditioned stimuli paired with a mild electric shock serving as the unconditioned stimulus.
76 nctional optical imaging showed that odor or electric shock stimuli presented to the fly causes trans
77 at the APL neuron responded to both odor and electric-shock stimuli that was presented to the fly wit
78 hich infarcted hearts are more vulnerable to electric shocks than healthy hearts remain poorly unders
79 ubjects were told to expect mild but painful electric shocks; there was no possibility of receiving s
84 g a tone-conditioned stimulus paired with an electric shock to the wrist and another tone not paired
85 er financial penalty or demonstrably painful electric shock to their co-participant, thereby increasi
87 between money for themselves and unpleasant electric shocks to another person, and a moral judgment
88 willing to gamble, subjecting themselves to electric shocks to satisfy their curiosity for trivial k
89 rillator (ICD) leads are designed to deliver electric shocks to the heart for termination of ventricu
90 more, and that many preferred to administer electric shocks to themselves instead of being left alon
93 of the odors (conditioned stimulus) and the electric shock (unconditioned stimulus) in mushroom body
94 ring of an odor-conditioned stimulus with an electric shock-unconditioned stimulus causes new project
95 in response to a primary aversive stimulus (electric shock) using a design that varied reward predic
97 ly changing values of cues signaling painful electric shocks, which predict behavioral suppression of
99 igm, trading off monetary reward for painful electric shock, while we recorded simultaneous electroen
101 y low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and electric shocks with the risk of amyotrophic lateral scl
102 uralistic image: red signaled an unavoidable electric shock, yellow an avoidable shock requiring a ra