ライフサイエンスコーパス: endosperm

1 is required for amylopectin synthesis in the endosperm.

2 specific H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 peaks in maize endosperm.

3 two zygotic compartments, the embryo and the endosperm.

4 based on the low abundant proteins of wheat endosperm.

5 not for production of sheath material in the endosperm.

6 expression patterns but are both low in the endosperm.

7 in a smaller seed with highly underdeveloped endosperm.

8 nting are equally rare events in Arabidopsis endosperm.

9 ions and structures of the cell types of the endosperm.

10 s to the transcriptomes of early embryos and endosperm.

11 some PEGs were expressed specifically in the endosperm.

12 are required for genomic imprinting in maize endosperm.

13 lowed by growth of the embryo to replace the endosperm.

14 l embryo surrounded by a substantial diploid endosperm.

15 rnal-to-paternal genome ratio (2m:1p) in the endosperm.

16 libraries from developing seed, embryo, and endosperm.

17 carried in the seed coat, crease tissue and endosperm.

18 e in developing aleurone and 6.7% in starchy endosperm.

19 ase in which the embryo grows to replace the endosperm.

20 tiates the development of the embryo and the endosperm.

21 ipts differentially expressed (DE) in mutant endosperm.

22 integrated starch granules from the attached endosperm.

23 ead of both degradation processes across the endosperm.

24 ators of gene expression in developing maize endosperm.

25 results in seeds containing an embryo and an endosperm.

26 ion between embryo and the aleurone layer of endosperm.

27 o well-developed tissues, the embryo and the endosperm.

28 phase of invasive embryo growth through the endosperm.

29 ed development and is mainly confined to the endosperm.

30 can transactivate ZmBCH2 expression in maize endosperm.

31 ributed from the aleurone layer to the inner endosperm.

32 s analyzed ranged from 7.13 to 22.81 ug/g of endosperm.

33 synthesis of amylose and amylopectin in the endosperm.

34 Cd, and Hg were present in both the bran and endosperm.

35 ersion of beta-carotene to zeaxanthin in the endosperm.

36 deration of models for dosage sensitivity in endosperm.

37 We identified Vitreous endosperm 1 (Ven1) as a major QTL influencing this proce

38 unites with the central cell to produce the endosperm [1].

39 RNA binding motif, and Ser/Arg rich 2/Rough endosperm 3 (RGH3).

40 ng RNA isolated from developing barley grain endosperm 3 d to 8 d after pollination (DAP).

41 ve rise, respectively, to the embryo and the endosperm, a nourishing tissue unique to flowering plant

42 scutellar aleurone layer and the newly named endosperm adjacent to scutellum (EAS).

43 ontrol ER homeostasis and autophagic flux in endosperm aleurone cells, where the ER accumulates lipid

44 We examined embryo and endosperm allele-specific expression and DNA methylation

45 ch are activated by MYB115 and MYB118 in the endosperm, allows us to propose a model for the transcri

46 Mobilisation of endosperm alpha-cruciferin was delayed in prt6 seedlings

47 We targeted heat-stable 6PGDH to endosperm amyloplasts by fusing the Waxy1 chloroplast ta

48 in nearly all published Arabidopsis thaliana endosperm and early embryo transcriptomes generated in t

49 rding the parental contributions to both the endosperm and early embryo transcriptomes.

50 , are narrowly expressed in early developing endosperm and early embryo.

51 levels of soluble sugars in dek5 developing endosperm and elevated osmotic pressure in mutant leaf c

52 ls with concordant mutant phenotypes in both endosperm and embryo because the two sperms that partici

53 We investigate patterns of endosperm and embryo development in Mimulus guttatus and

54 nudatus differ in the pattern and timing of endosperm and embryo development.

55 llow to refix 79% of the CO2 released by the endosperm and embryo, allowing the grain to achieve an e

56 es, such as metaphase spindles in Haemanthus endosperm and frog egg extracts.

57 , DNA methylation and small RNAs in the rice endosperm and functional tests of five imprinted genes d

58 he aleurone is the outermost layer of cereal endosperm and functions to digest storage products accum

59 ted in endosperm tissues away from the inner endosperm and had a polydisperse size distribution, both

60 five major cell types of the differentiating endosperm and in the embryo and four maternal compartmen

61 ions of perturbing starch metabolism in rice endosperm and its impact on the whole plant, which will

62 Within the cereal grain, the endosperm and its nutrient reserves are critical for suc

63 al peptides that have been isolated from the endosperm and leaves of cereals, from the leaves of mist

64 l cycle pathways are highly enriched both in endosperm and mesocarp.

65 al functions, we characterized siRNAs in the endosperm and seed coat that were separated by laser-cap

66 at the onset of the maturation phase in the endosperm and share a set of transcriptional targets.

67 he coordinated production of material in the endosperm and signaling within the embryo, highlighting

68 distribution of metabolic activities in the endosperm and suggest the amyloplast pentose phosphate p

69 ctivated by GAMYB and BPBF in the developing endosperm and the Amy6.4 activation in postgerminative r

70 In maize kernels, the endosperm and the embryo are the main sites for synthesi

71 In contrast, the endosperm and the embryo had similar sterol and triterpe

72 thaliana HvVP1 transcripts accumulate in the endosperm and the embryo of developing seeds at early st

73 s the first to characterize the dried Jarina endosperm and to investigate its functionality as a viab

74 d activity of cytosolic AGPase in developing endosperms and c.

75 ds than in other specialized organs, more in endosperms and maternal tissues than in embryos, and mor

76 s non-propagating seeds with dual fertilized endosperms and no embryos.

77 il content in maize have resulted in smaller endosperms and therefore lower yield.

78 aturation follows the cellularization of the endosperm, and it has been proposed that there exists a

79 t tissues nested one inside another (embryo, endosperm, and maternal tissues).

80 ee genetically different components: embryo, endosperm, and maternal tissues.

81 e mother and offspring but also the triploid endosperm, and that, despite the conflict-reducing role

82 the development and chemical composition of endosperm, and the genetic basis for cold tolerance.

83 AXAH activity in the endosperm appears soon after the onset of germination an

84 al expression patterns of these genes in the endosperm are regulated by the NRPD1-mediated pathway ir

85 ice proteins than black rice proteins to the endosperm as a result of parboiling.

86 ted genes has also been suggested to mediate endosperm-based post-zygotic hybrid barriers depending o

87 te, the mechanism underlying the Arabidopsis endosperm breakdown process has not been elucidated.

88 Endosperm breakdown requires the endosperm-specific basi

89 ng cold responses, stomatal development, and endosperm breakdown, ICE1 is a negative regulator of ABA

90 nt of the embryo was higher than that of the endosperm, but the dry weight of the endosperm was highe

91 from maternal tissues via the seed coat and endosperm, but the mechanisms that supply nutrients to p

92 A signal initiated in the endosperm by the AGAMOUS-LIKE62 MADS box transcription f

93 rmitting the compression of the cellularised endosperm by the developing embryo.

94 r, a small minority of kernels with a mutant endosperm carry a nonconcordant normal embryo, pointing

95 Maize rgh3 mutants have aberrant endosperm cell differentiation and proliferation.

96 ut eukaryotes and that U12 splicing promotes endosperm cell differentiation in maize.

97 However, the genetic networks that regulate endosperm cell differentiation remain largely unclear.

98 e gene expression patterns involved in maize endosperm cell differentiation, we isolated transcripts

99 onstrate that in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds, endosperm cell expansion is a key component of germinati

100 ELLA-NAC25/NAC1L-EXPA2 network in regulating endosperm cell expansion to control the seed-to-seedling

101 for around 11 d, is confined to one to three endosperm cell layers adjacent to the embryonic scutellu

102 Endosperm cell separation is therefore thought to play a

103 ernel compartments including modules for the endosperm cell types, some of which showed enrichment of

104 otypes were associated with modifications to endosperm cell wall composition that likely impact on it

105 We investigated whether endosperm cell wall degradation is an important determin

106 regularly eliminated and to which additional endosperm cells are recruited as the embryo grows.

107 gest storage products accumulated in starchy endosperm cells as well as to confer important dietary h

108 Endosperm cells expand to accommodate embryo growth prio

109 The lipid composition in endosperm cells in A619 is altered, giving rise to a per

110 ey RBP involved in mRNA localization in rice endosperm cells.

111 equired for proper mRNA localization in rice endosperm cells.

112 Endosperm cellularization failure in both hybridization

113 eeds that develop at a slower pace, or where endosperm cellularization happens too early, too late, o

114 ound that, in contrast with previous models, endosperm cellularization is not required for the onset

115 ns indicate that the mechanisms that control endosperm cellularization, embryo growth, and embryo mat

116 arenosa pollen donors resulted in failure of endosperm cellularization, whereas the endosperm of reci

117 ressing MADS78 and MADS 79 exhibited delayed endosperm cellularization, while CRISPR-Cas9-mediated si

118 ed single knockout mutants showed precocious endosperm cellularization.

119 ssociated with the reestablishment of normal endosperm cellularization.

120 te PPDK knockout, including loss of vitreous endosperm character similar to the phenotype conditioned

121 nt phytonutrients responsible for the yellow endosperm color in cereal grains.

122 The maize endosperm consists of three major compartmentalized cell

123 In the endosperm, cornmeal and grits fumonisin levels decreased

124 ic corn and their fractions (germ, pericarp, endosperm, cornmeal and grits), collected from one of th

125 EDE1 (Endosperm DEfective 1) is homologous to AUG8 [3].

126 ze differences and parent-of-origin-specific endosperm defects; second, the extent of asymmetry betwe

127 -specific transcription factor necessary for endosperm degradation, embryo growth, embryo-endosperm s

128 tside the embryonic cuticle and incorporates endosperm-derived material rich in extensin-like molecul

129 ome hybrid seeds exhibit early disruption of endosperm development and are completely inviable, while

130 hances the number of nuclei during syncytial endosperm development and induces the partial abortion o

131 so provide a useful resource in the field of endosperm development and seed size engineering.

132 We revealed a major role for SHB1 in canola endosperm development based on the dynamics of SHB1-alte

133 ic mechanisms regulating meiosis, embryo and endosperm development have facilitated proof-of-concept

134 i that is required for embryogenesis but not endosperm development, allowing dissection of two develo

135 bs normal patterning of the embryo, disrupts endosperm development, and causes early developmental ar

136 ification of molecular determinants of early endosperm development, particularly regulators of cell d

137 ding to syncytial and cellularized stages of endosperm development, respectively.

138 EGs in rice regulate nutrient metabolism and endosperm development, which optimize seed development a

139 iation of the central cell led to defects in endosperm development.

140 representation of eight regulatory genes for endosperm development.

141 n, and causes an arrest in embryogenesis and endosperm development.

142 precocious or delayed cellularization during endosperm development.

143 d development with a broad expression beyond endosperm development.

144 transcription factors expressed during early endosperm development.

145 eath program and its feedback role in timing endosperm development.

146 ption factors important for maize (Zea mays) endosperm development.

147 can be attributed to acceleration of normal endosperm development.

148 maturation independently of their effect on endosperm development.

149 s well as of non-imprinted key regulators of endosperm development.

150 e developmental programmed cell death of the endosperm directly.

151 RNAi expression in transgenic endosperm eliminated detectable PPDK protein and enzyme

152 Endosperm-endogenous processes alter both rate and durat

153 ic intermediates were elevated in transgenic endosperm, energy charge was altered, and starch granule

154 f rbr, post-fertilization end CYCD7;1 in the endosperm enhances the number of nuclei during syncytial

155 ycerol fraction of castor (Ricinus communis) endosperm, even though it is synthesized on the membrane

156 Following fertilization, the endosperm expands and the embryo grows invasively throug

157 rs of EXPA2 expression, gibberellin-mediated endosperm expansion, and seed germination.

158 Herein we demonstrate that the endosperm-expressed transcription factors ZHOUPI (ZOU) a

159 Rice interploidy crosses result in endosperm failures, but the underlying molecular mechani

160 Endosperm Fe and Zn enrichment was visualized by X-ray f

161 tilization and in the seed coat, embryo, and endosperm following fertilization.

162 ts require pollination to develop functional endosperm for successful seed set (pseudogamy) and there

163 Here we show that in Arabidopsis, endosperm formation requires the CYTOKININ INDEPENDENT 1

164 TLs, suggesting a potential role in vitreous endosperm formation.

165 mes for two oil yielding organs mesocarp and endosperm from Dura, Pisifera and Tenera.

166 f arabinoxylan and starch spreads across the endosperm from the aleurone towards the crease.

167 ocesses with the final aim of separating the endosperm from the outer layers, usually discarded.

168 Endosperms from both lethal and viable paternal excess s

169 (blue aleurone, purple pericarp, and yellow endosperm) from the harvests 2014 and 2015 were evaluate

170 Consistent with these results, ice1 endosperms had an increased capacity for preventing embr

171 Early development of the endosperm in Austrobaileya is ab initio cellular with pr

172 account for parent-of-origin effects on the endosperm in interploidy and hybrid crosses.

173 Here, we report that the defective endosperm in rice interploidy crosses was associated wit

174 The mechanism that creates vitreous endosperm in the mature maize kernel is poorly understoo

175 gene, was expressed specifically in the rice endosperm, in contrast to WOX2 expression in the Arabido

176 the antagonistic development of nucellus and endosperm, in coordination with seed coat differentiatio

177 sion profiles of tissues at different embryo/endosperm interfaces.

178 Endosperm is an absorptive structure that supports embry

179 f starch biosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa) endosperm is crucial in tailoring digestibility without

180 We propose that starch degradation in the endosperm is dependent on cell wall degradation, which p

181 s, maintaining the 2m:1p genome ratio in the endosperm is essential for normal grain development in r

182 ted that the normal developmental program of endosperm is fully executed under prolonged high-tempera

183 ted that specific expression of NCED6 in the endosperm is mainly responsible for ABA production.

184 opsis thaliana, an exalbuminous species, the endosperm is reduced to one cell layer during seed matur

185 ty in the central cell and in the developing endosperm is required for optimal seed formation.

186 Maize Rtn1 and Rtn2 are expressed in the endosperm, localize to the ER, and re-model ER architect

187 Mutation of o2 doubles maize endosperm lysine content, but it causes an inferior kern

188 an be separated genetically from any role in endosperm maturation because loss of ABA biosynthesis or

189 entially significant roles during embryo and endosperm maturation.

190 The data indicate that PPDK modulates endosperm metabolism, potentially through reversible adj

191 filed on 17th December 2015) on wheat kernel endosperm morphology and gluten protein structure, using

192 ays [Zm]) has a single aleurone layer, naked endosperm (nkd) mutants produce multiple outer cell laye

193 ze opaque2 (o2) mutations are beneficial for endosperm nutritional quality but cause negative pleiotr

194 ntial maternal allele expression in the seed endosperm of ALLANTOINASE (ALN), a negative regulator of

195 The endosperm of cereals is a main source of food, feed, and

196 mulation of storage compounds in the starchy endosperm of developing cereal seeds is highly regulated

197 xpression of parental alleles, mainly in the endosperm of flowering plants.

198 ntial expression (~1000 fold) in the starchy endosperm of genotypes varying in bread making quality.

199 OsACBP2 mRNA accumulated in embryos and endosperm of germinating seeds in qRT-PCR analysis, whil

200 re of endosperm cellularization, whereas the endosperm of reciprocal hybrids cellularized precociousl

201 es, DNA methylation, and small RNAs from the endosperm of seeds from balanced crosses (diploid x dipl

202 etophyte and in the zygote and proliferating endosperm of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seed

203 The dried endosperm of the seed of Phytelephas sp is widely used f

204 Endosperm oil is enriched in omega-7 monounsaturated FAs

205 Interestingly, the endosperm oil of myb115 myb118 double mutants lacks omeg

206 ion of respiration is initiated first in the endosperm, only later spreading to the embryo.

207 ependent of the maternal NRPD1 allele in the endosperm or seed coat.

208 nonconcordant yet recoverable in either the endosperm or the embryo.

209 angiosperm seed accumulated nutrients in the endosperm or the nucellus.

210 ther small and flat (indicating little to no endosperm) or shriveled (indicating reduced endosperm vo

211 The development of embryo, endosperm, or nucellus maternal tissue as primary storag

212 s embedded in the deposit, and wheat and rye endosperm peptides extracted from residue.

213 pdk2 accounts for the large majority of endosperm PPDK, whereas pdk1 specifies the abundant meso

214 lude that CKI1-directed specification of the endosperm precursor central cell results in seeds contai

215 The ZmBCH2 gene has an endosperm-preferred and developmentally regulated expres

216 WUSCHEL homeobox2 (WOX2)-like (WOX2L), an endosperm-preferred gene, was expressed specifically in

217 Notably, many endosperm-preferred genes, including starch metabolic an

218 aternally expressed NRPD1-siRNA loci targets endosperm-preferred genes, including those encoding AGAM

219 s positive and negative genes that influence endosperm proliferation and are homologous to Arabidopsi

220 ormally at first, but later exhibit impaired endosperm proliferation and low germination success.

221 xpressed and influenced by SHB1 during early endosperm proliferation at 8 days after pollination (DAP

222 creasing the final seed mass by manipulating endosperm proliferation at a rather early developmental

223 Seed development in dicots includes early endosperm proliferation followed by growth of the embryo

224 Endosperm proliferation in dicots not only provides nutr

225 nomic excess frequently results in extensive endosperm proliferation without cellularization and seed

226 ated the safety and effects of purified rice endosperm protein (REP), which contains less phosphorus

227 Limited hydrolysis of rice endosperm protein isolate was carried out with acid and

228 In both varieties, from the surface to inner endosperms, protein and oil increased then decreased; as

229 Starch degradation in barley endosperm provides carbon for early seedling growth, but

230 have facilitated the recruitment of crucial endosperm regulators into a single transcriptional netwo

231 lation of starch mobilization in cereal seed endosperm remain unknown despite the paramount role of t

232 rovide new insights into the mobilization of endosperm reserves to support early seedling growth.

233 ells, leading to the formation of embryo and endosperm, respectively.

234 forming the major seed components embryo and endosperm, respectively.

235 Dosage analysis of pdx2 alleles in endosperm revealed that endosperm supplies pyridoxine to

236 RNA-seq analysis of the nkd1 nkd2 mutant endosperm revealed that NKD1 and NKD2 influence 6.4% of

237 sh postzygotic hybridization barriers in the endosperm, revealing that PEGs have a major role as spec

238 RNA-seq analysis of QPM and o2 endosperms reveals a group of differentially expressed g

239 d whole-meal rye bread, endosperm rye bread, endosperm rye bread with added gluten and wheat bread.

240 articipants masticated whole-meal rye bread, endosperm rye bread, endosperm rye bread with added glut

241 ude unusual localization of ceramides on the endosperm/scutellum boundary and subcellular localizatio

242 r cell (TC), aleurone cell (AL), and starchy endosperm (SE)).

243 or compartmentalized cell types: the starchy endosperm (SE), the basal endosperm transfer cell layer

244 plants, imprinted gene expression occurs in endosperm seed tissue and is sometimes associated with d

245 onic cuticle, a barrier essential for embryo-endosperm separation during the phase of invasive embryo

246 endosperm degradation, embryo growth, embryo-endosperm separation, and normal embryo cuticle formatio

247 ion of a normal embryo sheath and for embryo-endosperm separation.

248 In the endosperm, siren siRNAs show a marked maternal bias, and

249 ) method to detect the mutation (HD) in hard-endosperm sorghum; and compared the physicochemical prop

250 Endosperm breakdown requires the endosperm-specific basic helix-loop-helix transcription

251 A-mediated gene silencing was carried out in endosperm-specific manner for efficient down-regulation

252 ith paternally expressed genes (PEGs), while endosperm-specific maternally expressed genes (endo-MEGs

253 ze plants expressing WPGD1 and WPGD2 with an endosperm-specific promoter increased 6PGDH activity wit

254 verexpressing TaVIT2 under the control of an endosperm-specific promoter, we achieved a greater than

255 d both genes were simultaneously targeted by endosperm-specific RNAi.

256 is dependent upon the activity of ZHOUPI, an endosperm-specific transcription factor necessary for en

257 ion of normal germination characteristics by endosperm-specific XYL1 expression.

258 we isolated transcripts from cryo-dissected endosperm specimens enriched with BETL, AL, or SE at 8,

259 dehydrogenase (6PGDH), PGD3, is critical for endosperm starch accumulation.

260 erage as nontransgenic siblings, with normal endosperm starch and total N contents, indicating that P

261 ran starch properties compared with those of endosperm starch from the same wheat sample.

262 Endosperm starch levels were not further enhanced in dou

263 Endosperm starch synthesis is a primary determinant of g

264 amino acids, and phytosterols in the mutant endosperm, suggesting that intermediates in the starch b

265 s of pdx2 alleles in endosperm revealed that endosperm supplies pyridoxine to the developing embryo.

266 se questions were addressed for the Clavata3/Endosperm Surrounding Region (CLE) peptide CLE40, a pept

267 Effector proteins that mimic plant CLAVATA3/ENDOSPERM SURROUNDING REGION-related (CLE) proteins have

268 In eudicot seeds the endosperm surrounding the radicle confers coat dormancy

269 by enhancing vacuolar iron transport in the endosperm, this essential micronutrient accumulated in t

270 found to be preferentially expressed in the endosperm throughout grain-filling stages in Triticum ur

271 e regulatory pathway underlying nucellus and endosperm tissue partitioning in Arabidopsis thaliana We

272 Progression of change over time in endosperm tissue was followed to dissect contributions a

273 mbryo growth and the surrounding restraining endosperm tissue.

274 re found to be preferentially accumulated in endosperm tissues away from the inner endosperm and had

275 ated by either the embryo or the surrounding endosperm tissues.

276 thus altering the physical properties of the endosperm to condition a mechanical environment permitti

277 es a similar path: an early proliferation of endosperm to form a large seed cavity, followed by a sec

278 hat AGL62 regulates auxin transport from the endosperm to the integuments, leading to the removal of

279 have an impaired transport of auxin from the endosperm to the integuments, which results in seed abor

280 bean structure and lipid migration from the endosperm to the surface of the coffee bean.

281 y its high relative expression in the castor endosperm transcriptome.

282 , is embryonic lethal, has a defective basal endosperm transfer (BETL) layer, and results in a smalle

283 types: the starchy endosperm (SE), the basal endosperm transfer cell layer (BETL), and the aleurone c

284 sion module highly correlated with the basal endosperm transfer layer (BETL) identified a regulatory

285 posed mostly of genes expressed in the basal endosperm transfer layer, is responsible for nutrient tr

286 ssed the canola IKU2 ortholog in Arabidopsis endosperm under the control of a stronger MINI3 promoter

287 rticle size index (PSI), percentage vitreous endosperm (%VE), protein content, percentage chop (%chop

288 endosperm) or shriveled (indicating reduced endosperm volume).

289 of the endosperm, but the dry weight of the endosperm was higher.

290 In the rice endosperm, we identified 162 maternally expressed genes

291 on leading to radicle protrusion, as well as endosperm weakening prior to its rupture.

292 nd the distribution of oil bodies in coconut endosperm were investigated using cryo-scanning electron

293 udy addressed PPDK function in maize starchy endosperm where it is highly abundant during grain fill.

294 but is obliterated by expansion of a massive endosperm, where all embryo-nourishing reserves are ulti

295 and the embryo grows invasively through the endosperm, which breaks down.

296 The embryo is surrounded by the endosperm, which is in turn enclosed within the maternal

297 ermined by early expansion of the coenocytic endosperm, which then cellularises and subsequently unde

298 -soluble prolamine proteins present in maize endosperm, which was approved as a generally recognized

299 ed in all non-additive expression pattern in endosperm, while cytokinine biosynthesis and cell cycle

300 ects of 2 porridge meals prepared from wheat endosperm with different degrees of starch bioaccessibil