ライフサイエンスコーパス: epimerase

1 effected by the enzyme mutarotase (aldose-1-epimerase).

2 ase; OSBS), and epimerization (L-Ala-D/L-Glu epimerase).

3 transferases, HS sulfotransferases, and C(5)-epimerase.

4 esis of HS involves sulfotransferases and an epimerase.

5 oupling system can be used to assay for C(5)-epimerase.

6 nit of decaprenylphosphoryl-beta-d-ribose-2'-epimerase.

7 e structural and functional analysis of C(5)-epimerase.

8 ling assay to determine the activity of C(5)-epimerase.

9 does not function as a UDP-GlcNAc/UDP-GalNAc epimerase.

10 homology in Escherichia coli UDP-galactose 4-epimerase.

11 ne (RP 333) product designated as a putative epimerase.

12 that TviB is a dehydrogenase and TviC is an epimerase.

13 ues in a reaction catalyzed by C5-mannuronan epimerase.

14 ei and is initiated by the enzyme UDP-Glc 4'-epimerase.

15 diated by AlgG, a periplasmic C-5 mannuronan epimerase.

16 that share similarity to both reductase and epimerase.

17 the restricted substrate specificity of this epimerase.

18 on and galE, which encodes the UDP-glucose-4-epimerase.

19 ommodated within the active site of tyvelose epimerase.

20 % homology to the human D-glucuronic acid C5-epimerase.

21 e existence of a prokaryotic D-glucuronyl C5-epimerase.

22 targeting the dimeric antibiotic target DAP epimerase.

23 ate binding residues in homologous bacterial epimerases.

24 e revealed that PelX resembles UDP-GlcNAc C4-epimerases.

25 tein with sequence similarity to UDP-D-Glc 4-epimerases.

26 his study to elucidate the function of these epimerases.

27 al agents against this family of bacterial 2-epimerases.

28 The main IdoA-producing enzyme, DS epimerase 1 (DS-epi1), together with the 6-O- and 4-O-su

29 Other conserved motifs of the epimerases, 361-NNRSYEN and 381-NLVAYN, are predicted to

30 35, next in the pathway, is a bifunctional 3-epimerase 4-reductase.

31 ase (GMDS) and GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose 3,5-epimerase-4-reductase (FX or tissue specific transplanta

32 ase (GMDS) and GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose 3,5-epimerase-4-reductase (FX or tissue specific transplanta

33 ice lacking the GDP-4-keto-6-deoxymannose3,5-epimerase-4-reductase enzyme (FX knockout) exhibited sig

34 a bifunctional UDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose-3,5-epimerase/-4-reductase that converts UDP-4-keto-6-deoxyg

35 figuration is catalyzed by the PLP-dependent epimerase AbmD.

36 VbsL is a PLP-dependent epimerase acting at C(2) of the 10 atom monomer unit.

37 Unexpectedly, all three epimerase-active DH domains were also found to possess i

38 Four redox-inactive mutants of epimerase-active EryKR1 were engineered by mutagenesis o

39 of short chain dehydrogenase-reductases, the epimerase-active KR(0) domains from polyether synthases

40 ose, and (iii) both UDP-Gal and UDP-GalNAc 4-epimerase activities in cell extracts.

41 s all had both dihydroneopterin aldolase and epimerase activities, and carried out the aldol cleavage

42 substrate-binding site for both racemase and epimerase activities, only one activity can occur at a t

43 increased Gne/Mnk protein expression and Gne-epimerase activities.

44 and UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc) 4-epimerase activities.

45 cNAc-5,6-ene 4-oxidase, 5,6-reductase, and 5-epimerase activities.

46 ies, whereas its DdahB homologue only had C3 epimerase activity along its cognate pathway.

47 Thus, AlgG is bifunctional with (i) epimerase activity and (ii) a role in protecting alginat

48 Gne cDNA had restored in vitro UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase activity and cell surface PSA expression.

49 t mutations in this motif disrupt mannuronan epimerase activity but have no effect on alginate secret

50 resultant loss of feedback inhibition of GNE-epimerase activity by CMP-sialic acid causes excessive p

51 Feedback inhibition of GNE-epimerase activity by CMP-sialic acid recovered after si

52 One mutation (S306Y) resulted in a loss of epimerase activity for non-acetylated substrates by abou

53 To characterize the epimerase activity of AlgG further, the algG4 allele of

54 pression of either the glutamate racemase or epimerase activity of DapF compromises the growth of C.

55 anoyl-ACP (7a), consistent with the proposed epimerase activity of each of the KR(0) domains.

56 dules Epimerase assay revealed the intrinsic epimerase activity of NanDH1 and NanDH5, from modules 1

57 These results establish the intrinsic epimerase activity of redox-inactive KR(0) domains, rule

58 ese EryKR1(0) mutants retained the intrinsic epimerase activity of the parent EryKR1 domain.

59 An epimerase activity previously proposed to function on sp

60 Lec3 mutants with no UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase activity represent sensitive hosts for charact

61 At P2, significantly decreased Gne-epimerase activity was observed in Gne(M712T/M712T) musc

62 y, Lec3 cells had no detectable UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase activity, and Lec3 cells grown in serum-free m

63 ketoreductase domains also have an intrinsic epimerase activity, thus enabling mechanistic analysis o

64 first evidence for bacterial D-glucuronyl C5-epimerase activity.

65 back into cysteine regained 3-hydroxyproline epimerase activity.

66 substrate led to inhibition of DapF (Ct) DAP epimerase activity.

67 B. anthracis Sterne designations), exhibited epimerase activity.

68 G, which revealed a critical residue for C-5-epimerase activity.

69 ovel mechanism for inactivating UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase activity.

70 ned UDP-Gal 4-epimerase but not UDP-GalNAc 4-epimerase activity.

71 ngmycin synthase, were shown to have cryptic epimerase activity.

72 spores in mother cells required UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase activity.

73 n of a bacterial enzyme with D-glucuronyl C5-epimerase activity.

74 rtions, indicating that both enzymes possess epimerase activity.

75 d three recombinant KR domains with putative epimerase activity: NysKR1 from module 1 of the nystatin

76 G mutant of the monofunctional l-Ala-d/l-Glu epimerase (AEE) from Escherichia coli catalyzed a low le

77 ution, the D297G mutant of the l-Ala-d/l-Glu epimerase (AEE) from Escherichia coli was designed so th

78 hesized reversibly by a novel GlcNAc-P-P-Und epimerase after the formation of GlcNAc-P-P-Und by WecA

79 ecreted and calcium-dependent mannuronan C-5 epimerases (AlgE1-7).

80 rison of AlgG and the extracellular alginate epimerase AlgE4 of Azotobacter vinelandii provides a str

81 re converted to alpha-L-guluronate by the C5-epimerase AlgG to produce a polymer of alternating beta-

82 ructural studies of d-allulose 6-phosphate 3-epimerase (ALSE) from Escherichia coli K-12 that catalyz

83 GALE encodes UDP-galactose-4-epimerase, an enzyme of galactose metabolism and glycosy

84 niscent to that observed for UDP-galactose 4-epimerase, an enzyme that plays a key role in galactose

85 that a single plant enzyme has both the 3,5-epimerase and 4-keto reductase activities.

86 tified in bacteria and shown to encode a 3,5-epimerase and a 4-keto reductase that together convert d

87 sion of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Glc(NAc) C4-epimerase and a human polypeptide GalNAc-transferase in

88 the functional UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-2-epimerase and CsaB the functional poly-ManNAc-1-phosphat

89 nd cytosolic localization of the Arabidopsis epimerase and dehydratase.

90 complexity for assaying the activity of C(5)-epimerase and facilitate the structural and functional a

91 is capable of both diaminopimelic acid (DAP) epimerase and glutamate racemase activity.

92 ymatic activities, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase and N-acetylmannosamine kinase, in sialic acid

93 extracts localized total UDP-D-glucuronate 4-epimerase and recombinant GAE1 activity exclusively to t

94 eneral experimental basis for decoupling the epimerase and reductase activities of a large class of P

95 ct prokaryotic PLP-dependent isopenicillin N epimerase and the fungal isopenicillin N epimerase two p

96 receptor may be disease-relevant targets in epimerase and transferase galactosemias, and identify UG

97 istidine-tagged protein, shows UDP-GlcNAcA 4-epimerase and UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc) 4-e

98 nd Cjj1427 are the only members of the C3/C5 epimerases and C3/C5 epimerase/C4 reductase families sho

99 htforward with two distinct types (racemases/epimerases and cis-trans isomerases), but reactions enta

100 t belongs to the 'RED' family of reductases, epimerases and dehydrogenases.

101 a convergent mechanism of action between HS epimerases and lyases and provide molecular frameworks f

102 This precursor gave rise to sugar epimerases and metal-binding sugar isomerases.

103 t crystal structures of cofactor-independent epimerases and racemases, cocrystallized with substrates

104 mically characterized members that are sugar epimerases and/or reductases.

105 on-radioactive NMR assay for glucuronosyl-C5-epimerase, and background-free quantification of in vivo

106 array of specialized glycosyl transferases, epimerase, and sulfotransferases, this approach should m

107 g glycosyltransferases, heparan sulfate C(5)-epimerase, and sulfotransferases.

108 ng phosphoglucomutase (pgm), UDP-galactose-4-epimerase, and two other NTHI sialyltransferases (lic3A

109 hydroxyglutarate racemase, two D-gluconate 2-epimerases, and one short-chain aliphatic alpha-hydroxya

110 lactate racemase holoprotein and D-gluconate epimerase apoprotein, to identify key residues involved

111 In contrast to other enzymes, most epimerases are only active on sugars substituted with ph

112 These epimerases are responsible for the epimerization of beta

113 ay, galactose mutarotase and UDP-galactose 4-epimerase, are contained within a single polypeptide cha

114 e (EIX) and a newly developed Tandem Modules Epimerase assay revealed the intrinsic epimerase activit

115 In an in vitro UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase assay, Lec3 cells had no detectable UDP-GlcNAc

116 reaction is performed by a NAD(+)-dependent epimerase belonging to the short-chain dehydrogenase/red

117 is described here demonstrates that tyvelose epimerase belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reduc

118 le work were cyclophilin A and UDP-glucose-4-epimerase, both of which are known to interact with CsA,

119 onal GalE1 but not GalE2 contained UDP-Gal 4-epimerase but not UDP-GalNAc 4-epimerase activity.

120 C(5)-epimerase (C(5)-epi) is a key enzyme in this pathway.

121 e putative C3/C5 epimerase Cjj1430 and C3/C5 epimerase/C4 reductase Cjj1427 from the capsular cluster

122 ly members of the C3/C5 epimerases and C3/C5 epimerase/C4 reductase families shown to have activity o

123 between AlgE4 and AlgE6 resulted in a novel epimerase called AlgE64 with increased G-block forming a

124 nd, suggesting that strain O157 contained an epimerase capable of interconverting GlcNAc-P-P-Und and

125 annuronate residue to l-guluronate along the epimerase catalytic face.

126 C5-mannuronan epimerase catalyzes the formation of alpha-L-guluronate

127 Tyvelose epimerase catalyzes the last step in the biosynthesis of

128 product, an ADP-L-glycerol-D-mannoheptose-6-epimerase, catalyzes the conversion of ADP-D-glycerol-D-

129 curonate; however, no coding regions for the epimerase catalyzing this reaction have previously been

130 abidopsis, mutation of RHD1, a UDP-glucose-4-epimerase, causes root-specific phenotypes, including hy

131 Cellobiose 2-epimerase (CE) reversibly converts d-glucose residues in

132 Herein, we characterized the putative C3/C5 epimerase Cjj1430 and C3/C5 epimerase/C4 reductase Cjj14

133 The HS C(5)-epimerase converts glucuronic acid to iduronic acid.

134 Incubating N-sulfated heparosan with C(5)-epimerase converts some of the glucuronic acid to iduron

135 y and/or biochemically intermediate cases of epimerase deficiency have also been reported.

136 5%-64% of control levels, demonstrating that epimerase deficiency is not a binary condition; it is a

137 s, consistent with a diagnosis of peripheral epimerase deficiency, many did not.

138 period, received the diagnosis of hemolysate epimerase deficiency.

139 Epimerase-deficiency galactosemia results from the impai

140 Defects in human GALE result in the disorder epimerase-deficiency galactosemia.

141 a potential novel therapy for patients with epimerase-deficiency galactosemia.

142 However, cDNAs encoding the known epimerase-deficient mutation H132A or the new Lec3 G135E

143 monooxygenase, and a possible NAD-dependent epimerase/dehydratase.

144 ic domain found in a large protein family of epimerase/dehydratases.

145 /reductase (SDR), belonging to the NDP-sugar epimerases/dehydratases subclass.

146 often annotated incorrectly as NAD-dependent epimerases/dehydratases; therefore, their prevalence in

147 We show that Cjj1430 serves as C3 epimerase devoid of C5 epimerization activity and that C

148 A X-ray crystal structure of the E. coli DAP epimerase dimer shows for the first time that the enzyme

149 The epimerases display a modular structure composed of one o

150 cterial species, P. aeruginosa C5-mannuronan epimerase does not require Ca2+ for activity, and the Ca

151 The epimerase domain of PchE, involved in pyochelin biosynth

152 Nor are any of the canonical epimerase domains of nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NR

153 We suggest these inserts are noncanonical epimerase domains, reversibly deprotonating and reproton

154 of dapF(Ct) in a murI (racemase) DeltadapF (epimerase) double mutant of E. coli rescues the d-glutam

155 tified decaprenylphosphoryl-beta-d-ribose 2'-epimerase (DprE1) as the primary target responsible for

156 Decaprenylphosphoryl-beta-d-ribose 2'-epimerase (DprE1) is an essential enzyme in Mycobacteriu

157 to be decaprenylphosphoryl-beta-D-ribose-2'-epimerase (DprE1).

158 ion of decaprenylphosphoryl-beta-d-ribose-2'-epimerase (DprE1).

159 inhibit decaprenylphosphoryl-beta-D-ribose2'-epimerase (DprE1).

160 ion of sugar nucleotides, like UDP-galactose epimerase, dTDP-glucose-4,6-dehydratase, and UDP-xylose

161 tyrocidine have D-amino acids, introduced by epimerase (E) domains embedded within modules of the enz

162 ii 38 depends on the dual specificity of the epimerase encoded by galE2.

163 , this extension does not seem to hinder the epimerase enzymatic active site.

164 However, the epimerase enzymatic activity of GNE3 and GNE8 is likely

165 Deletion of this fragment likely eliminates epimerase enzymatic activity.

166 UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase enzymes have been shown to be required for the

167 hydratase and dTDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose-3,5-epimerase enzymes respectively.

168 AS5117) encode nearly identical UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase enzymes that catalyze the reversible conversio

169 Previous studies report that DAP epimerase exists as a monomeric enzyme.

170 The WbmF active site contains conserved 3,5-epimerase features, namely, a positionally conserved cys

171 rystal structures of the UDP-glucuronic acid epimerase from Bacillus cereus The geometry of the subst

172 omplex of L-Ala-L-Glu with the L-Ala-D/L-Glu epimerase from Bacillus subtilis is reported.

173 (8)-barrel domains in both the l-Ala-d/l-Glu epimerase from Escherichia coli (AEE) and the muconate l

174 graphy, and enzyme kinetic analyses that DAP epimerase from Escherichia coli exists as a functional d

175 x-ray crystallographic analysis of tyvelose epimerase from Salmonella typhi complexed with CDP.

176 ity of the purified recombinant tagaturonate epimerase from T. maritima was directly confirmed and ki

177 those of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) 2-epimerases from both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

178 Consequently, 3,5-epimerase function can probably be ruled out for these e

179 s shown to encode a protein lacking only the epimerase function.

180 d functionally express a UDP-D-glucuronate 4-epimerase (GAE1) from Arabidopsis.

181 ucuronic acid by the action of glucuronate 4-epimerases (GAEs).

182 chanistically, we identified UDP-galactose-4-epimerase (GalE) as a direct transcriptional target of X

183 The enzyme UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase (GALE) catalyses the reversible epimerisation

184 UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase (GALE) catalyzes the final step in the Leloir

185 UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase (GALE) catalyzes the final step of the highly

186 UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase (GALE) catalyzes the interconversion of UDP-ga

187 UDP-glucose 4-epimerase (GalE) from Bifidobacterium longum (bGalE) cat

188 UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase (GALE) interconverts UDP-galactose and UDP-glu

189 log by the epimerase N-acetylgalactosamine-4-epimerase (GALE) like conventional GalNAc-based probes.

190 ults from the impairment of UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase (GALE), the third enzyme in the Leloir pathway

191 ledge gap, here we examined UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase (GALE), which interconverts two pairs of essen

192 II results from the loss of UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase (GALE), which interconverts UDP-galactose and

193 tain an intact gene encoding a UDP-galactose epimerase (galE1) and a truncated remnant (galE2), respe

194 ollowing CBI, activation of a UDP-D-xylose 4-epimerase gene correlated with increases in arabinose an

195 Deletion of the nanE epimerase gene or the rokA hexokinase gene, whose produc

196 ive1 (rhd1) lacks a functional UDP-glucose 4-epimerase gene, UGE4, which is involved in channeling UD

197 biosynthesis, three annotated UDP-glucose 4-epimerase genes of B. anthracis were cloned and expresse

198 Of these, glucuronyl C5-epimerase (Glce) catalyzes C5-epimerization of the HS co

199 xpression of Robo1, Robo2, and glucuronyl C5-epimerase (GLCE), and that an intact miR-218-Slit-Robo r

200 Recombinant maize and Arabidopsis epimerases (GRMZM2G061988, At5g49970) rapidly interconve

201 The recombinant epimerase has a predicted molecular mass of approximatel

202 ng three HS-modifying enzymes, glucuronyl C5-epimerase, heparan 6O-sulfotransferase, and 2O-sulfotran

203 Plants have homologs of both enzymes, the epimerase homolog being fused to the vitamin B6 salvage

204 Our genetic analyses show that the HS C-5 epimerase hse-5, the HS 2-O-sulfotransferase hst-2, or t

205 hesis of heparan sulfate (HS), glucuronyl C5-epimerase (Hsepi) catalyzes C5-epimerization of glucuron

206 tion of: (i) a new group of presumed Ala-Glu epimerases; (ii) several enzymes with specificity for hy

207 to the mechanism of galactose sensitivity in epimerase-impaired cells and suggest a potential novel t

208 of NADH dehydrogenase and methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase improved PA tolerance.

209 Uge5 is the dominant UDP-glucose 4-epimerase in A. fumigatus and is essential for normal gr

210 dl-D cells defective in UDP-Gal/UDP-GalNAc 4-epimerase in which N- and O-linked glycosylation can be

211 This study is the first survey of glucose epimerases in A. fumigatus and contributes to our unders

212 o be functionally characterized were Ala-Glu epimerases in Eschericiha coli and Bacillus subtilis, ba

213 osphate isomerase and ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase) in the pentose phosphate pathway were overexp

214 hydroxypentanoyl-ACP (6a) with redox-active, epimerase-inactive EryKR6 from module 6 of the 6-deoxyer

215 hose of other characterized UDP-GlcNAc/Glc 4-epimerases indicated that it has relaxed specificity tow

216 Here, we show that the parasite epimerase is a homodimer that can interconvert UDP-Glc a

217 Accordingly, DAP epimerase is a promising antimicrobial target.

218 The epimerase is encoded by the TbGALE gene and procyclic fo

219 thus demonstrating that dimerization of DAP epimerase is essential for catalysis.

220 Diaminopimelate (DAP) epimerase is involved in the biosynthesis of meso-DAP an

221 The epimerase is required for glycoprotein galactosylation.

222 Mg534 is a 4,6-dehydratase 5-epimerase; its three-dimensional structure suggests that

223 l-Gal-1-phosphate phosphatase, GDP-Man-3',5'-epimerase, l-Gal dehydrogenase, and l-galactono-1,4-lact

224 , as did a truncated form of the Arabidopsis epimerase lacking the pyridoxine 5'-phosphate oxidase do

225 ample of haploid insufficiency suggests that epimerase levels are close to limiting in this life cycl

226 Roles for UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc 6-kinase (GNE) beyond controlling flux

227 The genes for UDP-GlcNAc-2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (EK), sialic acid 9-phosphate sy

228 UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE) catalyzes the first two co

229 GNE (UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase) myopathy is a rare muscle disor

230 Coexpression of SAS and UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase, the bifunctional enzyme initiat

231 me of sialic acid biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase.

232 man ManNAc kinase domain of the UDP-GlcNAc-2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase.

233 tion of the bifunctional enzyme UDP-GlcNAc-2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase.

234 Only a Gne cDNA encoding UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase:ManNAc kinase rescued PSA synthesis.

235 r dynamics simulations indicate that the DAP epimerase monomer is inherently more flexible than the d

236 th coincided with constitutive re-expression epimerase mRNA.

237 to determine the activities of various C(5)-epimerase mutants.

238 Aldose-1-epimerase (mutarotase) catalyzes the interconversion of

239 responding N-acetylglucosamine analog by the epimerase N-acetylgalactosamine-4-epimerase (GALE) like

240 sis, uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) kinase (GNE/MNK),

241 se (MNK) domain of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase in complexes with M

242 s the bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase that transforms UDP

243 Using UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase-deficient cells, we

244 lic acid biosynthesis, N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase.

245 essential N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate 2-epimerase (NanE) belongs to a convergent glycolytic path

246 ated GDP-6-deoxy-D-manno-heptose, but the C3 epimerase necessary to form GDP-6-deoxy-D-altro-heptose

247 e), nanK (ManNAc kinase), nanE (ManNAc-6-P 2-epimerase), neuS (polysialyltransferase) and neuB (siala

248 g a stereospecific dehydratase (NNRD) and an epimerase (NNRE), the latter being fused to a vitamin B6

249 among AlgG and the extracellular mannuronan epimerases of Azotobacter vinelandii.

250 KO of two isoforms of GDP-D-mannose epimerase (OsGME) reduced the foliar AsA level by 20-30%

251 on of the catabolic pathway in which Hyp-B 2-epimerase participates.

252 Unlike diaminopimelate epimerase, PhzF is a dimer in solution.

253 t to encode the UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-2-epimerase, poly-ManNAc-1-phosphate-transferase, and O-ac

254 Homology modeling with UDP-galactose-4-epimerase predicts that Asp36 is responsible for the NAD

255 er to form the aldolase products, 24% to the epimerase product and 25% to the oxygenase products.

256 se products were previously misidentified as epimerase products.

257 inding proteins than to other bacterial NanE epimerase proteins.

258 elates to the amount of the activity of C(5)-epimerase, proving that this two-enzyme coupling system

259 composition of the polymeric product of the epimerase reaction was analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy,

260 The reversibility of the epimerase reaction was demonstrated by showing that [3H]

261 rate of NanE, while ATP is a cofactor in the epimerase reaction.

262 345) neutralizes the acidic group during the epimerase reaction.

263 To identify the gene encoding the epimerase required to produce GalNAc for BclA oligosacch

264 ts role as the PLP-dependent nocardicin C-9' epimerase responsible for interconversion of the nocardi

265 ructural studies of d-ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase (RPE) from Streptococcus pyogenes that catalyz

266 ssays determined that ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase (Rpe) was specifically inactivated.

267 uperfamily includes d-ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase (RPE), orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylas

268 All plant NAD(P)HX dehydratase and epimerase sequences examined had predicted organellar ta

269 e lysine biosynthetic enzyme diaminopimelate epimerase, sharing an unusual fold consisting of two nea

270 In addition to the Ala-Phe epimerase specificity reported previously, we describe t

271 ology observed for all other UDP-galactose 4-epimerases studied thus far.

272 UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase (TbGalE), an enzyme of the Leloir pathway of g

273 These data suggest that neuC encodes an epimerase that catalyzes the formation of ManNAc from UD

274 AlgG is a periplasmic C-5-epimerase that converts poly d-mannuronate to the mixed

275 n to be the preferred substrate for TunF--an epimerase that converts the glucose derivative to a gala

276 that converts (S)-NAD(P)HX to NAD(P)H and an epimerase that facilitates interconversion of the R and

277 product encodes an UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase that generates ManNAc directly from the dinucl

278 t biofilm formation requires a UDP-GlcNAc C4-epimerase that generates the UDP-GalNAc precursors requi

279 HS6ST1, a 6-O-sulfotransferase, and GLCE, an epimerase that promotes 6-O-sulfation.

280 In contrast to C5-mannuronan epimerases that have been characterized in other bacteri

281 zyme (rmlC; TDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose 3,5-epimerase), the ATP binding cassette (ABC) sugar transpo

282 rates, in the reaction catalyzed by tyvelose epimerase, the inversion of stereochemistry occurs at C-

283 ew class of beta-lactam aminoacyl side chain epimerases, the first two classes being the evolutionari

284 The susceptibility of the C(5)-epimerase-treated N-sulfated heparosan to 2OST Y94I modi

285 n N epimerase and the fungal isopenicillin N epimerase two protein system.

286 erium SleL appears to be associated with the epimerase-type activity observed previously in B. subtil

287 three genes encoding putative UDP-glucose 4-epimerases, uge3, uge4, and uge5.

288 UDP-GlcA 4-epimerase (UGlcAE) catalyzes the epimerization of UDP-al

289 ne racemase superfamily, 4R-hydroxyproline 2-epimerase (UniProt ID A0NXQ7 ; 4HypE) and trans-3-hydrox

290 The presence of a novel epimerase was demonstrated by showing that exogenous [3H

291 The epimerase was localized to the glycosomes by immunofluor

292 nsferase (galU), a UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase (wecB) and a UDP-N-acetyl-d-mannosamine dehydr

293 Two genes for putative galactose 4-epimerases were identified.

294 Unlike UDP-galactose 4-epimerase where the conversion of configuration occurs a

295 folX encodes dihydroneopterin triphosphate epimerase, which interconverts dihydroneopterin triphosp

296 terized mutants defective in UDP-galactose 4-epimerase, which produced a defective lipopolysaccharide

297 codes for a manNAc/N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) epimerase, which, intriguingly, possesses more similarit

298 perfamily of alpha-hydroxyacid racemases and epimerases, widely expanding the scope of NPN-dependent

299 ility of a functional recombinant UDP-GlcA 4-epimerase will be of considerable value for the facile g

300 The specificity of the epimerase with regard to neighboring residues was examin