ライフサイエンスコーパス: extinction

1 eading to suppression of fear behavior (fear extinction).

2 atial representation that appears after fear extinction.

3 nerability of populations to disease-induced extinction.

4 cing as many as 1 million species at risk of extinction.

5 that displays hypermethylation-induced UQCRH extinction.

6 ming of volcanogenic outgassing, impact, and extinction.

7 nipulated VTA DA neurons in mice during fear extinction.

8 ions and oceanic anoxia, related to the mass extinction.

9 and subspecies combined) are threatened with extinction.

10 ce" that would have precipitated a full mass extinction.

11 crown birds through the end-Cretaceous mass extinction.

12 these were already listed as threatened with extinction.

13 how imperiled species might be rescued from extinction.

14 as the main driver of the non-avian dinosaur extinction.

15 species responses to climate change prior to extinction.

16 ental changes force species to adapt or risk extinction.

17 tigraphic marker for terrestrial end-Permian extinction.

18 Doing nothing will accelerate extinction.

19 story of woolly rhinoceros leading up to its extinction.

20 capturing patch occupancy, colonization and extinction.

21 sibly linked with evolutionary innovation or extinction.

22 tions of several apex species to the edge of extinction.

23 overgeneralization and restores capacity for extinction.

24 dely considered to have caused the K-Pg mass extinction.

25 s to activity during self-administration and extinction.

26 ety, spatial and contextual memory, and fear extinction.

27 associated biological communities at risk of extinction.

28 t, native South American mammals show higher extinction.

29 ch that regulates expression of fear and its extinction.

30 at coincided with the Triassic-Jurassic mass extinction.

31 asingly wild population fluctuations driving extinctions.

32 million years before widespread human-driven extinctions.

33 interactions are unstable, leading to local extinctions.

34 reeding population in Spain, including local extinctions.

35 lation when they disappear-extinction breeds extinctions.

36 nimum estimates and probabilities of species extinctions.

37 ryophytes, were the primary drivers of local extinctions.

38 dient depended on the order of local species extinctions.

39 fire suppression contributes to local plant extinctions.

40 ncluding population extirpations and species extinctions.

41 ge have been proposed as potential causes of extinction [1-3], knowledge is limited on how the woolly

42 Moreover, in addition to extinctions(4), evolutionary radiations themselves cause

43 ral response(7-10) that can drive viruses to extinction(7,8).

44 ve prediction error (NPE) signals to trigger extinction, a type of inhibitory learning that is respon

45 the first pulse of the Late Ordovician mass extinction about 445 million years ago suggests that str

46 Administration of G-CSF during extinction accelerated the rate of extinction, and admin

47 Whereas d-phenylalanine potentiated extinction, acetazolamide impaired extinction also when

48 tentiated extinction, acetazolamide impaired extinction also when infused locally into the ventromedi

49 t, with only the impact coinciding with mass extinction and biologically amplified carbon cycle chang

50 D2-MSNs during forced abstinence facilitated extinction and blunted drug-induced reinstatement in fem

51 nuous-time branching processes with constant extinction and branching rates are commonly used as mode

52 the enormous challenges posed by the ongoing extinction and climate emergencies.

53 progressive ratio schedule, responding under extinction and cocaine-primed reinstatement of drug seek

54 e more dynamic, having higher rates of local extinction and colonization, in more forested landscapes

55 afety learning, abnormally slowing down fear extinction and exacerbating fear relapse.

56 prominent signal of the Anthropocene is the extinction and population reduction of the megabiota-the

57 ind that administration of G-CSF accelerates extinction and reduces cue-induced drug seeking after co

58 brain structures critically involved in fear extinction and regulation of stress responses.

59 we studied the effects of G-CSF treatment on extinction and reinstatement of cocaine seeking.

60 d exploration behaviour between the reminder-extinction and standard extinction groups.

61 ify the specific climatic changes that cause extinction and the processes that may help species to su

62 million years before undergoing substantial extinctions and declines during the Late Pleistocene (LP

63 re are relatively few methods for predicting extinctions and even fewer opportunities for rigorously

64 neers increase stability by reducing primary extinctions and extinction cascade magnitude.

65 of diversification in anthozoans follow mass extinctions and reef crises, with sea anemones and prote

66 SF during extinction accelerated the rate of extinction, and administration during abstinence attenua

67 f Egr3 on operant responding during seeking, extinction, and drug-induced reinstatement of cocaine se

68 to food security, biodiversity declines and extinction, and political instability.

69 osystem engineering behaviors after the mass extinction, and second, that these persisting behaviors

70 metapopulation dynamics of colonization and extinction, and their expected trends within verifiable

71 lear which changes in climate actually cause extinctions, and how many species will likely be lost.

72 Colonization, speciation and extinction are dynamic processes that influence global p

73 th memory reconsolidation or inducing memory extinction are two approaches for weakening maladaptive

74 Climate change-induced extinctions are estimated to eliminate one in six known

75 verse biodiversity declines and halt species extinctions are not being met despite decades of conserv

76 Recent studies on mass extinctions are often based on the global fossil record,

77 dynamics - patch occupancy, colonization and extinction - are the result of complex processes at both

78 Cambrian explosion and the end-Permian mass extinction) are typically decoupled in time, refuting an

79 volutionary dynamics of Anthropocene species extinctions as an alternative model for curative cancer

80 er time, 44% of which have already had local extinctions at one or more sites.

81 and choice may help protect populations from extinction; (b) by contrast, if mating patterns create l

82 Extinction-based therapeutic approaches acutely reduce f

83 hin the hippocampus that underlie contextual extinction behavior and subsequent reinstatement remain

84 cies toward annihilation when they disappear-extinction breeds extinctions.

85 ), a species that was hunted to the brink of extinction by 18(th) and 19(th) century sealers.

86 fects cocaine-cue memory reconsolidation and extinction by altering T-LA synaptic strength.

87 ous for in vivo studies because of low light extinction by biological constituents at these wavelengt

88 of the population, renders it vulnerable to extinction by rapidly applied additional perturbations.

89 The Indian cheetah was hunted to extinction by the mid-20th century.

90 t provide no evidence that a reminder before extinction can prevent the return of context conditioned

91 tability by reducing primary extinctions and extinction cascade magnitude.

92 ses during the Cretaceous-Tertiary (KT) mass extinction caused range contraction, restricting one cla

93 and rarefaction are likely to underestimate extinctions caused by habitat loss.

94 est case, a photocage was identified with an extinction coefficient of 124000 M(-1) cm(-1), a quantum

95 -PNPs are demonstrated to have strong NIR-II extinction coefficient, high photostability and excellen

96 ictions of climate change-related population extinction-colonization dynamics within species that exp

97 likely to contain predators, and have fewer extinctions compared to single large patches.

98 context for a 3 h heroin-seeking test under extinction conditions during which corticothalamic and t

99 y program success in saving the species from extinction, condors remain compromised by lead poisoning

100 One group underwent standard extinction (Control), a second group underwent extinctio

101 Here we assess the extinction crisis from a different perspective.

102 quisition, dose-response, progressive ratio, extinction, cue-induced reinstatement) in wild-type (WT)

103 he warm edge; the biogeography hypothesis or extinction debt hypothesis), or whether they tracked tem

104 tration of propranolol reduces the immediate extinction deficit (IED), an impairment in extinction le

105 928A Ca(v)1.2 phosphomutant mice revealed no extinction deficit, likely due to homeostatic scaling up

106 at LC-NE activation is sufficient to produce extinction deficits, and this is blocked by intra-BLA pr

107 cit, likely due to homeostatic scaling up of extinction-dependent S845 GluA1 phosphorylation in the d

108 tem assembly, where species colonization and extinction depends on the constraints imposed by trophic

109 Extinction-driven contractions of LP trait space have be

110 em engineering complexity as a result of the extinction drivers.

111 nstrate that (i) megabiota are more prone to extinction due to human land use, hunting, and climate c

112 ius and Atelopus zeteki) are threatened with extinction due to the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium d

113 r demonstrate that proximal threats impaired extinction efficacy via persistent multivariate represen

114 e likelihood of these metabolisms overcoming extinction either via parasitism or via a lack of metabo

115 Activation of fear extinction engram neurons and natural reward-responsive

116 ine top predators after the end-Permian Mass extinction (EPME).

117 iments associated with the end-Triassic mass extinction (ETE) c.

118 matic province (CAMP), the end-Triassic mass extinction (ETE), and associated major carbon cycle pert

119 The important role played by selective extinction even in this contrived experimental system su

120 play an equally important role to stochastic extinction, even when the disturbance itself has no clea

121 ay not be considered as the most devastating extinction event for the community.

122 Recent evidence indicates that the final extinction event may have coincided with a dramatic drop

123 ian mass extinction was the most severe mass extinction event of the Phanerozoic and was followed by

124 middle Atdabanian and after the Sinsk anoxic extinction event, starting ca. 513 Ma.

125 kable success after the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event.

126 sedimentary strata are associated with mass extinction events caused by impact events.

127 cal record and their causal link to the mass extinction events during the past 540 million years rema

128 ting in biodiversity decline, culminating in extinction events near the Devonian-Carboniferous bounda

129 engthened over geological time as successive extinction events reshaped the marine fauna.

130 disruption, we identify the 'big five' mass extinction events(2), seven additional mass extinctions,

131 rates, (ii) the impacts of and recovery from extinction events, and (iii) how humans (Homo sapiens) a

132 cal release predicts species to expand after extinction events, survivors of intervals with net speci

133 niche construction fluctuations that follow extinction events.

134 fies the timing of known diversification and extinction events.

135 ance across BLA-mPFC circuitry supports post-extinction fear memory retrieval.

136 between the reminder-extinction and standard extinction groups.

137 ved material, especially leading up to their extinction, has hampered efforts to develop a robust pic

138 reclinical models of threat conditioning and extinction have provided an unparalleled glimpse into th

139 icity, and in geologic history, several mass extinctions have been linked to extreme Se deficiency.

140 ommunities, such as predation or size-biased extinction, have the potential to alter the nutrient lan

141 n is a promising candidate that has enhanced extinction in a post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) an

142 Avoiding extinction in a rapidly changing environment often relie

143 /2 channels in the BLA, and facilitates fear extinction in a rodent model.

144 lls (Crh neurons) after fear conditioning or extinction in mice using translating ribosome affinity p

145 ng-update is more effective than traditional extinction in reducing fear responses; moreover, such ef

146 ns that will be needed to prevent widespread extinction in this group in coming decades.

147 roughout the Phanerozoic and 2) that conifer extinction increased significantly in the Mid-Cretaceous

148 an (F-F) boundary marks one of the five main extinction intervals of the Phanerozoic Aeon.

149 Fear extinction is an active learning process whereby previou

150 ons that further reduce the population until extinction is inevitable.

151 We conclude the human-caused sixth mass extinction is likely accelerating for several reasons.

152 the arrival of people in the Americas, their extinction is often attributed to human overkill, notwit

153 Fear extinction is thought to take place when animals form a

154 The cause of the end-Cretaceous mass extinction is vigorously debated, owing to the occurrenc

155 e major factor that will contribute to these extinctions is extreme climatic events.

156 neers reduce stability by increasing primary extinctions, larger numbers of engineers increase stabil

157 rpened visual processing is affected by fear extinction learning (where no US is presented), and how

158 Extinction learning allows animals to withhold voluntary

159 activations and self-report outcomes during extinction learning and extinction recall could specific

160 red in close proximity are more resistant to extinction learning and suggest that the canonical neura

161 Fear and extinction learning are adaptive processes caused by mol

162 Prediction errors are thought to drive the extinction learning process, and prediction error-relate

163 us youths are largely based on principles of extinction learning studied in adulthood.

164 e extinction deficit (IED), an impairment in extinction learning that occurs when extinction trials a

165 marked changes in this neural circuitry and extinction learning throughout development, intervention

166 Stress impairs extinction learning, and these deficits depend, in part,

167 o-amygdala circuitry involved in traditional extinction learning, safety cues may provide a novel app

168 s BLA spike firing and causes impairments in extinction learning.

169 to the ETE, corroborating the view that mass extinctions may be caused by volcanism.

170 ering the source of the iridium and possible extinction mechanisms.

171 have distinct activity profiles during fear extinction: medial VTA activity more closely reflected R

172 n training is sufficient to promote enhanced extinction memories, and activation of these neurons fol

173 mice during retrieval of contextual fear and extinction memories.

174 Here we demonstrate that a fear extinction memory engram is formed and stored in a genet

175 in the central amygdala (CeA) antagonize the extinction memory following immediate extinction trainin

176 immediately following fear acquisition, the extinction memory is weakened.

177 pendently impaired the consolidation of fear extinction memory of rats trained in contextual fear con

178 (where no US is presented), and how fear and extinction memory undergo consolidation one day after th

179 s associated with potentiated recall of fear extinction memory when tested 24 hours after extinction

180 he site of formation and storage of this new extinction memory.

181 n is necessary for the consolidation of fear extinction memory.

182 il record, particularly at the time of their extinction near the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary.

183 rtheless, given the difficulty of predicting extinctions, null models provide useful benchmarks for c

184 The second pulse of the Late Ordovician mass extinction occurred around the Hirnantian-Rhuddanian bou

185 Our study suggests that, if local extinctions occurred in Mozambique, the pepper-bark tree

186 l significantly underestimated the number of extinctions occurring at both the local (within-mesocosm

187 of the Pleistocene in North America saw the extinction of 38 genera of mostly large mammals.

188 metastatic cancers is equivalent to causing extinction of a large, heterogeneous, and geographically

189 in most nautilids may explain the selective extinction of ammonoids as a consequence of low food ava

190 Extinction of cocaine-associated contextual memories can

191 avior to acquire cocaine, and it facilitated extinction of cocaine-seeking behavior.

192 to alterations in area 14 activity as is the extinction of conditioned threat responses.

193 t competition with angiosperms increased the extinction of conifers by pushing their remaining specie

194 nce necessary to ensure the consolidation of extinction of emotionally salient events.

195 ing norepinephrine; and are resistant to the extinction of fear memories.

196 hrough North America was a key factor in the extinction of large terrestrial mammals.

197 rican immigrants in South America, 3) higher extinction of mammals with South American origin, and 4)

198 bations which led to habitat degradation and extinction of marine species.

199 in sexual selection, we compared fitness and extinction of monogamous versus polyandrous populations

200 eviously suggested, but resulted from higher extinction of native taxa in southern South America.

201 Extinction of residual HR might improve the therapeutic

202 h can lead to undesirable climate change and extinction of species.

203 This time estimate coincides with the extinction of terrestrial beavers and raises the questio

204 By simulating experimentally the extinction of three consumer species (the limpet Patella

205 which we aim to predict species richness and extinctions of arthropods immediately following 50% habi

206 Human activities can produce extinctions of large, diverse, and geographically distri

207 wing removal of hosts and subsequent cascade extinctions of ticks: the robustness of the network slig

208 o examine the effect of the end-Permian mass extinction on bioturbating ecosystem engineers.

209 stead, assemblages undergo restructuring and extinction once local environmental thresholds are excee

210 s were injected with PBS or G-CSF during (1) extinction or (2) abstinence from cocaine self-administr

211 these studies have used experimenter-imposed extinction or forced abstinence procedures.

212 that intra-LA infusions of CGA following cue extinction or reconsolidation reduced cue-induced reinst

213 uisition of new learning and not just in the extinction or reversal of previously acquired learning,

214 nditioning has been relegated largely to the extinction or reversal of previously acquired stimulus-o

215 luR5 availability, responses during tests of extinction, or cue-induced reinstatement were observed b

216 ity to withstand targeted or global attacks; extinctions; or shocks is vital to the survival of the n

217 n higher visual areas, 24 h after successful extinction, outlasting peripheral responding.

218 tinction (Control), a second group underwent extinction paired with a 1-back working memory task (Low

219 task (Low-Load), and a third group underwent extinction paired with a 2-back working memory task (Hig

220 me because they were better buffered against extinction, particularly during mass extinctions, which

221 ttern similarity between the acquisition and extinction phases, we further demonstrate that proximal

222 ggests that ecologically driven, trait-based extinctions play an equally important role to stochastic

223 raised questions about the risk that species extinctions pose for the functioning of natural ecosyste

224 ditioned safety stimulus processing at early extinction predicted therapy outcome.

225 for example, when abundant species with low extinction probabilities were extirpated following habit

226 - offer a unique opportunity to determine an extinction process during the last 20 million years of t

227 ioning paradigm, and (2) the subsequent fear extinction process in these children.

228 ditional mass extinctions, two combined mass extinction-radiation events and 15 mass radiations.

229 n contrast to narratives that emphasize post-extinction radiations(1,3), we find that the proportiona

230 nd a basic branching process by allowing the extinction rate to oscillate in time as a new model to d

231 tly increased speciation rates and decreased extinction rates in hybridizing lineages.

232 gineering has large and nonlinear effects on extinction rates.

233 n the Neoaves after the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction rather than earlier in bird evolution.

234 port outcomes during extinction learning and extinction recall could specifically predict exposure th

235 r, they completed an fMRI paradigm involving extinction recall, in which they rated their levels of f

236 thern India and Sri Lanka during the KT mass extinction, recolonized the Deccan Plateau and northern

237 working memory intervention embedded during extinction reduces persistent threat responses.

238 result in a higher risk of population quasi-extinction, regardless of summer demography where recrui

239 sing number of species being threatened with extinction, reintroductions into suitable habitats may b

240 Our models show that these extinction-related carbon cycle changes would have allow

241 he occurrence of rescue drawn from isolation-extinction relationships, including autologistic isolati

242 Resolving the cause of large mammal extinctions requires greater knowledge of individual spe

243 in all 3 tests, while TRV130 decreased only extinction responding.

244 As expected, SPS exposure induced an extinction-retention deficit.

245 ales throughout the breeding season and used extinction risk and per capita growth rate to measure th

246 Climate change could increase species' extinction risk as temperatures and precipitation begin

247 evational shifts thought to increase species extinction risk in mountains.

248 One management action for reducing extinction risk is translocation of individuals to locat

249 n activity along the coast has amplified the extinction risk of inshore delphinids.

250 However, post-copulatory cannibalism reduced extinction risk, if cannibalism increased female fecundi

251 igenous species due to its relationship with extinction risk, rarity, and invasiveness, but it also p

252 had similar impacts on fitness declines and extinction risk, with an overall sigmoid decline in surv

253 ceptible to strong Allee effects, increasing extinction risk.

254 counter rate could strongly alter population extinction risk.

255 m-derived female fecundity benefits affected extinction risk.

256 and would produce substantive reductions in extinction risks.

257 ess and diverse landforms can mitigate these extinction risks.

258 nt, we found surprisingly clear evidence for extinction selectivity, for example, when abundant speci

259 amide, a CA inhibitor, immediately after the extinction session dose-dependently impaired the consoli

260 of asteroid impact, potentially reducing the extinction severity.

261 oding stability throughout fear learning and extinction.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The hippocampus contai

262 al cycling could have been maintained at pre-extinction states in some local environments, stimulatin

263 rmula: see text] in one or more end-Devonian extinction strata would confirm a supernova origin, poin

264 literature on fear memory consolidation and extinction, stress, and PTSD.

265 tionally most comparable mass radiations and extinctions (such as the Cambrian explosion and the end-

266 ng but can also increase the risk of species extinctions, such that the net effect on species coexist

267 Anthropocene extinctions suggest a strategy for eradicating metastati

268 ns coincide with many major Phanerozoic mass extinctions, suggesting a cause-effect relationship wher

269 y and assess traits correlated with K-T mass extinction survival.

270 populations would grow slowly or decline to extinction (termed population-level demographic Allee ef

271 of the world's Caprinae taxa threatened with extinction, the IUCN appeals to the development of simpl

272 survival response as seen at the last major extinction, the K-T.

273 emper virus (CDV) has recently emerged as an extinction threat for the endangered Amur tiger (Panther

274 as an important force behind lineages facing extinction threats, identifying the relevance of natural

275 howed rapid declines in fitness and complete extinction through the vortex.

276 ibiting low resilience, foreboding potential extinctions to come.

277 rogress has been made in this regard through extinction training in which the aversive outcome is omi

278 Conversely, extinction training induced long-lasting increases in MM

279 Paradoxically, when extinction training is performed immediately following f

280 hibition of CeA-CRF neurons during immediate extinction training is sufficient to promote enhanced ex

281 activation of these neurons following delay extinction training is sufficient to reinstate a previou

282 ocaine-cue pairings, but this is reversed by extinction training or by optogenetic induction of in vi

283 ation of acetazolamide immediately after the extinction training session modulated c-Fos expression o

284 After extinction training, we assessed surface expression of t

285 extinction memory when tested 24 hours after extinction training.

286 -h sessions for >=10 days and then underwent extinction training.

287 ze the extinction memory following immediate extinction training.

288 ment in extinction learning that occurs when extinction trials are administered soon after fear condi

289 extinction events(2), seven additional mass extinctions, two combined mass extinction-radiation even

290 yandrous populations through an experimental extinction vortex comprising 15 generations of cycling e

291 onsequences for population viability and the extinction vortex: (a) if sexual selection reinforces na

292 uence of rubber bioclimatic suitability with extinction vulnerability [4] in Africa, Asia, and New Gu

293 s with highest rubber suitability and lowest extinction vulnerability.

294 The end-Permian mass extinction was the most severe mass extinction event of

295 We therefore propose that the end-Devonian extinctions were triggered by supernova explosions at [F

296 lades can impact species diversification and extinction, which can shape macroevolutionary patterns.

297 against extinction, particularly during mass extinctions, which primarily affected genus-rich, ecolog

298 n priority areas could avoid 60% of expected extinctions while sequestering 299 gigatonnes of CO(2)-3

299 n of DA neurons in either region slowed fear extinction, with the relevant time period for inhibition

300 e aftermath of the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction within Neoaves, in which multiple clades achi

301 easingly recognized cause of global wildlife extinctions worldwide, particularly in avian populations