ライフサイエンスコーパス: generation time

1 d up to 50 years and increased with species' generation time.

2 pread increases proportionally with pathogen-generation time.

3 of organismal cellular complexity, size, and generation time.

4 es, including metabolic rate, body size, and generation time.

5 a(2+) efflux and that ATP levels also affect generation time.

6 d in mammalian species because of their long generation time.

7 ity, independent of phylogeny, body size and generation time.

8 n so far as they are regulated by changes in generation time.

9 a positive linear relationship between U and generation time.

10 cialization and small body size but not with generation time.

11 ing confidence in estimates of a short viral generation time.

12 y of parental tumors and require a prolonged generation time.

13 itations such as expense and the long canine generation time.

14 even if it has a different latent period or generation time.

15 w, as would be expected from the short guppy generation time.

16 the UK, we provide updated estimates of the generation time.

17 ictors of the sensitivity of a population to generation time.

18 f drift unless accompanied by an increase in generation time.

19 of thousands of years for species with long generation time.

20 n rate, without direct dependence on asexual generation time.

21 ge individuals resulted in a doubling of the generation time.

22 ain gorillas to directly infer their average generation times.

23 s, and their plasmas have increased thrombin generation times.

24 baceous plants, which generally have shorter generation times.

25 for sexually reproducing species with short generation times.

26 volution, especially in organisms with short generation times.

27 e complex in multicellular species with long generation times.

28 dst of metabolic dormancy and extremely long generation times.

29 ity due to error-prone replication and short generation times.

30 icated wild relatives, and species with long generation times.

31 ce alleles hold true for species with longer generation times.

32 on that may reflect differences in long-term generation times.

33 to this approach given their generally short generation times.

34 eterious mutation rates in lines with longer generation times.

35 fivefold in both cell types, increased cell generation time 1.9-fold, on average, in 32D cl3 cells a

36 tly n-doped SrTiO(3), we identify the strain generation time (1.31 ps), which occurs simultaneously w

37 ut with the decisive asset of a much shorter generation time (1.5 months).

38 nd biotechnology due to its remarkably short generation time(1,2) and metabolic prowess(3,4).

39 H. dujardini has a short generation time, 13-14 days at room temperature.

40 geny cells was persistent through the second-generation time (~240min) until all of the progeny cells

41 When geological dating, an assumed generation time (25 years), and an estimated divergence

42 (1.1477 d(-1)) was the highest and the mean generation time (35.55 d) was the shortest.

43 s lost their cell-bound QDs during the third generation time (~360min).

44 atment, despite the species' relatively long generation time (4-7 years).

45 ansmission and symptoms, we estimated a mean generation time (4.2 days, 95% credible interval 3.3-5.3

46 anistic approach, we estimated a longer mean generation time (5.9 days, 5.2-7.0 days) and a similar s

47 ossible to genome-edit the chicken, its long generation time (6 months to sexual maturity) makes it a

48 Within a single generation time a growing yeast cell imports approximate

49 itutive) in constant environments at several generation times across a range of concentrations of arg

50 Due to the short generation time, advantages of haplodiploidy, and availa

51 The generation time, age at maturity and species-level fecun

52 This correspondence between generation time, an evolutionary parameter, and temperat

53 han carnivores and birds because of a longer generation time and a larger sex difference in the numbe

54 bird species, here, we investigated whether generation time and body mass contribute to the interspe

55 Our results indicate that generation time and body mass shape the evolution of gen

56 rther related to life history traits such as generation time and body mass.

57 ate with certain species attributes, such as generation time and body size.

58 ir environment; however, microbes have short generation time and can rapidly evolve and potentially a

59 nsitivity of different population 'types' to generation time and contrast our results with prediction

60 Here, we measure the photovoltage generation time and find it to be faster than 50 fs.

61 ubly mutant bacteria had a greatly prolonged generation time and grew as filamentous chains in liquid

62 of orthologous loci in organisms similar in generation time and in the number of germline cell divis

63 The long generation time and large effective size of widespread f

64 a mouse model to take advantage of its short generation time and lifespan.

65 lly, there is a positive correlation between generation time and mt GC content.

66 A positive correlation between the generation time and percent killing of intracellular bac

67 Additionally, we identify generation time and reproductive output as predictors of

68 Lyapunov exponents declined with generation time and scaled as the -1/6 power of body mas

69 other key epidemiological parameters-such as generation time and severity-which influence the expecte

70 ed as the reciprocal of twice the product of generation time and the coalescence probability.

71 ations are likely, depending on the species' generation time and the speed of temperature change.

72 raphic features that significantly influence generation time and therefore the rate of mutation.

73 and proteomic studies is limited by its long generation time and unsequenced pseudotetraploid genome.

74 estricted to model organisms that have short generation times and are easily propagated in the labora

75 pensive are worms or flies, which have short generation times and can be rapidly screened for mutatio

76 12), we calculated viral clearance rates and generation times and estimated the loss of BKV-infected

77 t experiments in plants are hindered by long generation times and high costs.

78 Due to their relatively short generation times and high functional diversity, microbia

79 With extremely short generation times and high mutability, many viruses can r

80 ch using RNA viruses as replicons with short generation times and high mutation rates has been an inv

81 ccumulate genetic variation because of short generation times and high mutation rates.

82 esumably effective population sizes), faster generation times and high rates of gene flow with other

83 l and matrix neurons are influenced by their generation times and local environments, and that future

84 ut slow, likely due to a combination of long generation times and low heritabilities.

85 pite being more resistant, species with long generation times and low reproductive output take longer

86 Shorter generation times and lower asymptotic body mass were sel

87 Evidently, discordance is a product of long generation times and moderately large effective populati

88 ck." We consider the effects of sex-specific generation times and mutation rates in species with two

89 parasites and pathogens tend to have shorter generation times and often experience stronger selection

90 mic and for the first time co-estimate viral generation times and superspreading events from a combin

91 tants displayed a 20-30% increase in average generation time, and comparable decreases in rates of st

92 mall size, substantial egg production, short generation time, and dynamic social and camouflage behav

93 ee life history traits: the age at maturity, generation time, and fecundity.

94 -lived species with delayed maturation, long generation time, and high fecundity had a greater MVP si

95 germline from the effects of metabolic rate, generation time, and other factors, we allowed mutations

96 was used to estimate the incubation period, generation time, and within-school reproductive number a

97 an be difficult owing to high survival, long generation times, and few studies at sufficient spatial

98 e clonal strategy is based on survival, long generation times, and is associated with tolerance of he

99 onths-long process of transgenesis, the long generation times, and the size-based limitations on expe

100 obiomes due to large population sizes, short generation times, and variable environments.

101 Since the SARS-CoV-2 generation time appears to be changing, further data col

102 rowth approximately 8 mM but with V(max) for generation time approximately 1 h 10 min); the fructose

103 When differences in generation time are considered, we find an exponential i

104 of mammals, we show that both longevity and generation time are significantly correlated with the nu

105 Both population type and generation time are therefore relevant to the contributi

106 d/or increase in the male-to-female ratio of generation times around the Out-of-Africa bottleneck, an

107 opulation genetics ignores forced changes in generation time as rare advantageous alleles sweep into

108 cies with the highest value of S, can have a generation time as short as 7 min.

109 n cyanobacteria-unicellular prokaryotes with generation times as short as 5 to 6 hours.

110 We investigated the effect of generation time (as controlled by chemostat flow rate) a

111 ow in trees and shrubs, with relatively long generation times, as compared with related herbaceous pl

112 Finally, we detect significantly shortened generation times at Botai around 3500 BCE, a settlement

113 Generation times at these optimal temperatures ranged fr

114 positively associated with range size, short generation time, autonomous seed production and interspe

115 ave large genomes and the potential for fast generation times, both of which may enable adaptation to

116 red, manifested by a reduction in body size, generation time, brood size and lifespan.

117 is associated with large body size and long generation time but is not associated with degree of spe

118 me ( tau ) does not scale isometrically with generation time, but instead changes only as Tcb with b

119 or mutational drug resistance and increasing generation time, but potentially increasing bacterial to

120 based on expected lifetime reproduction and generation time, can be misleading when demographic stoc

121 tions, we show that plausible changes in the generation time cannot explain the patterns observed for

122 ation, other aspects of the system limit the generation time, chiefly the propensity of the substrate

123 t genetic model organisms owing to its short generation time, comparatively large litters, ease of hu

124 th solution and the film state, with triplet generation time constants of 4.5 ns and 238 ps, respecti

125 ies a novel demographic contrast: increasing generation times correspond to a proportional increase i

126 r onset of reproduction leading to shortened generation times could explain the persistence of therap

127 days on average, and that the average HIV-1 generation time--defined as the time from release of a v

128 We estimate the parameters of the generation time distribution and offspring distribution

129 Inferring the generation time distribution is essential to plan and as

130 estimation of the temporal variation in the generation time distribution, improving assessment of tr

131 The generation time distribution, reflecting the time betwee

132 he data source, data pre-processing, assumed generation time distribution, statistical tuning paramet

133 mic model of 1927 (KM27) allows an arbitrary generation-time distribution, but it suffers from the dr

134 tmental models that implicitly constrain the generation-time distribution.

135 wshoe hares experienced short stage-specific generation time during the early breeding season across

136 all phases; they experienced relatively long generation time during the increase and low phase of the

137 Calculated generation times during exponential phase were 10.2 h (b

138 f bacterial physiological state and possible generation times during latent TB infection in humans.

139 s, and felids) than for organisms with short generation times (e.g., rodents) since the former underg

140 The model also implies that the "generation time effect" should be stronger in short-live

141 substitution rate than human, supporting the generation-time effect hypothesis.

142 ammalian evolution as a result of changes in generation times, effective population sizes, and recomb

143 DR genes in mammals appear to be subject to generation time effects in ways similar to those found a

144 ction (two-sided p < 0.001, assuming an 18 h generation time equal to log phase M. tuberculosis, with

145 re recruited to give viable recombinants 1-2-generation-time equivalents after formation of the initi

146 We then compare these generation time estimates with those of humans and apply

147 line mutations, and is expected to depend on generation time even if mutations do not track cell divi

148 mission, we show that pathogens with shorter generation times exhibit initial patterns of spatial pro

149 However, few estimates of the generation time exist based on data from later in the pa

150 ze or age at first reproduction (a proxy for generation time) explains patterns of rate variation bet

151 ific rate of cohort biomass production, G is generation time, F is fraction of cohort production that

152 t significant result being a 73% increase in generation time for JLS247.

153 breeding protocols have dramatically reduced generation time for many short-day and long-day species

154 r lag phase (entry plus differentiation) and generation time for the ocular strains.

155 r important disease characteristics, such as generation time, fraction of undetected infections, like

156 rces and estimated the incubation period and generation time from case cluster data.

157 The predicted crypt generation time from one SC is 4-5 days with 10-12 days

158 lected on fecundity traits including shorter generation times, further support the importance of gene

159 ven the pace of climate change, species with generation times greater than four years may be especial

160 r in short-lived species, explaining why the generation time has a major influence on yearly substitu

161 Variation in generation time has been linked to these changes, though

162 Moreover, the host generation time has to be short enough compared with the

163 sperms (e.g. herbaceous habit, short minimum generation time) has enabled them to exploit new niches

164 Further, pathogens with a longer generation time have more diffusive patterns of spatial

165 Species with shorter generation time have much stronger absolute responses to

166 Shifts in sex-averaged generation times have been driven primarily by changes t

167 effect, whereas relative mutation rates and generation times have little effect.

168 urrent evidence, we find that short mosquito generation times, high population growth rates, and stro

169 This study supports the generation time hypothesis for rate variation in the nuc

170 the environment changes more slowly than the generation time (i.e., a coarse-grained environment) a p

171 by a reduced number of progeny and prolonged generation time in high NaCl.

172 ry traits that led to a substantially longer generation time in humans than in other hominoids.

173 Both models suggest a shorter mean generation time in September-November 2020 compared to e

174 ion times, further support the importance of generation time in the evolution of mutation rates.

175 sence of arginine yet becomes independent of generation time in the presence of excess arginine.

176 at life history effects, particularly longer generation times in males than in females, are expected

177 with respect to argR(B) declines with longer generation times in the absence of arginine yet becomes

178 h we report a substantial increase in female generation times in the recent past.

179 ore early transmission resulted in a shorter generation time, in which case lower values for the basi

180 oductive cells are inversely correlated with generation time; in contrast, the number of germline mut

181 s, alpha is as high as 4 and correlates with generation times; in birds and snakes, alpha appears mor

182 However, short generation times increase the probability of coalescence

183 atively, assuming a fixed mutation rate, the generation time increases over the latency duration.

184 epuberty development trends weakly upward as generation time increases.

185 rameters from the mean-field epidemic (R(0), generation time, infectiousness, etc.) are preserved in

186 Generation time is an important determinant of a neutral

187 enetic underpinnings of longevity, since its generation time is brief and both the genetic background

188 Indeed, a long generation time is considered an important trait that di

189 In nonpasserines, we found that generation time is correlated to both orthologous micros

190 Furthermore, control over the pair generation time is essential for scaling many quantum in

191 ns on invertase secretion are additive, cell generation time is increased 60%, and cells become sensi

192 its the distinct lag and log phases, but the generation time is more than twice longer than in bulk m

193 ble and useful even though a relatively long generation time is required.

194 Because generation time is unknown in this lizard and estimates

195 arbon-dense, woody skeletons leads to a slow generation time, leaving trees and forests highly suscep

196 derstanding how life history parameters like generation time, life expectancy and the variance in lif

197 accrue each generation, we posit that a long generation time likely amplifies the fitness consequence

198 Long generation times limit species' rapid evolution to chang

199 emission process leads to long entanglement generation times, limiting realized network implementati

200 A rapid 3-week egg-to-egg generation time makes Mnemiopsis suitable for a wide ran

201 Molecular clock variation due to generation time may help to resolve the discordance betw

202 t within our model, epigenetically inherited generation times may arise due to size control in asymme

203 volved higher virulence of a bacterium, with generation times measurable in minutes, suggests that ge

204 ths to absolute time using mutation rate and generation time, multispecies coalescent (MSC) methods c

205 e various determinants of evolutionary rate: generation time, mutation rate, population size, and the

206 confounding factors, such as differences in generation times, mutation rates and demography, we conc

207 ot replicate in freshly explanted monocytes (generation time of >400 h); BCG replicated with a genera

208 pproximately 0.6-1.5 mya, given an estimated generation time of 16.4 years), suggesting a range expan

209 lyses of whole-genome data reveal an average generation time of 26.9 years across the past 250,000 ye

210 polymerase chain reaction, which suggested a generation time of 4 days.

211 ation time of >400 h); BCG replicated with a generation time of 95 h, and M. tuberculosis strains CDC

212 The mean generation time of a panel of clinical isolates was comp

213 ia isolate is a slow-growing organism with a generation time of approximately 30 h and produces popul

214 ability of a vertebrate host species, with a generation time of at least 1 year, to maintain stable p

215 ts half-life were short in comparison to the generation time of hepatocytes and if new cccDNA formati

216 The generation time of HIV Type 1 (HIV-1) in vivo has previo

217 s-producing CD4(+) T cells, 0.7 day, and the generation time of HIV-1 in vivo, approximately 2 days,

218 acterium Vibrio natriegens can double with a generation time of less than 10 min, a growth rate that

219 n, small effective population size, and long generation time of P. oceanica raises concerns for the l

220 er, longevity is neither associated with the generation time of RP deletion mutants nor with bulk inh

221 thout significant delays of the order of the generation time of the disease, even when case reporting

222 nation of the spatial extent, magnitude, and generation time of the interfacial strain through the co

223 se subpopulations (Ne = 205) and the average generation time of this species in the subtropics (in th

224 The large genome size and long generation time of this species present obstacles to bot

225 ins CDC551, H37Rv, and H37Ra replicated with generation times of 24, 35, and 37 h, respectively, duri

226 tant grows faster than the wild-type strain (generation times of 37.5 and 60 min, respectively, in Du

227 L. pictus has one of the shortest generation times of any currently used sea urchin.

228 However, the lengthy generation times of commonly used species have precluded

229 stigation, we observed that (i) the in vitro generation times of flgM mutant and wild-type strains of

230 stochastic models for the lag and subsequent generation times of individual cells are analysed.

231 hought that large population sizes and short generation times of marine phytoplankton may allow them

232 The generation times of our recent ancestors can tell us abo

233 ibution of mortality across the lifespan and generation times of species.

234 ate will impact forest composition, but long generation times of tropical trees mean that biodiversit

235 However, the tetraploidy genome and long generation-time of the common carp have made its breedin

236 e reagent and tissue factor-induced thrombin generation times, of Apoh-/- and WT plasma revealed no d

237 ents of the starches were positive, as ozone generation time (OGT) increased.

238 of small effective population size and long generation time on the efficacy of selection, repeated a

239 , we characterize the impact of noise in the generation-time on cell-to-cell variability.

240 mpact of two factors, genomic background and generation time, on deleterious mutation in Daphnia puli

241 time was much more prolonged than was force generation time or active force return time.

242 breeding range size, non-breeding location, generation time or body size.

243 precipitation, their ubiquity, and their low generation time point to their potential as bioindicator

244 clock, by postulating effects attributed to generation-time, population size, slightly deleterious m

245 Due to its small size, rapid generation time, powerful genetic systems, and genomic r

246 significantly higher for organisms with long generation times (primates, perissodactyls, and felids)

247 dscape of single mother cell through several generation times (progeny cells).

248 eased, and opportunists (small-bodied, short generation time, 'r-selected') decreased, possibly due t

249 advantages over antibodies, such as quicker generation time, reduced manufacturing costs, minimal ba

250 Species with longer generation times require longer recovery times post-dist

251 Organisms with long generation times require phenotypic plasticity to surviv

252 to-mass ratio remains nearly constant on the generation time scale.

253 arameters based on efficiency (runtimes, key generation times), security (access policies, encryption

254 ing analytical expressions for the effective generation times, selection coefficients, and rates of g

255 Analysis of the budding pattern and generation time showed that the slower proliferation of

256 s the experimental populations but with long generation time, showed that the number of surviving off

257 Its highly selfing nature, small size, short generation time, small genome size, and wide geographic

258 ance is commonly found in species with short generation times such as bacteria, annual plants, and in

259 stochastic events correlates negatively with generation time, suggesting that species with long lifes

260 Microbial generation time, supply of nitrite relative to nitrate,

261 The intrinsic rate of increase (r) and mean generation time (T) were 0.0662 d(-1) and 79.84 d at 15

262 , the net reproductive rate (R(0)), and mean generation time (T).

263 Since generation time ( Tc ) is known to capture aspects of li

264 environments, frequency-dependent changes in generation times tend to counteract these invasions.

265 nd is very active (0.39 muM) in the thrombin generation time (TGT) coagulation assay in human platele

266 n the high-mortality populations relative to generation time than it does in the low-mortality popula

267 it markedly accelerated the increase in cell generation time that is observed during yeast aging.

268 Specifically, ProxyZKP achieves proof generation times that are 30-50% faster compared to esta

269 The distribution of the generation time (the interval between individuals becomi

270 ons, an analytic relation is derived between generation time, the average length of the cell cycle, a

271 age-structured populations is a function of generation time, the number of newborn individuals and r

272 Depending on the assumed generation time, the onset of the decline was dated betw

273 Because of their short generation times, this challenge is especially acute for

274 ing and incubation steps, extending the data generation time to several hours or even days.

275 alescence theory that allows the estimate of generation times to be derived by using nucleotide seque

276 n analytic relation between temperature, and generation time, to show that the directionality princip

277 In species with short generation times, U is predicted to be far below 1, sugg

278 pe and was accompanied by a 10% reduction in generation time under these conditions.

279 As well as estimating the generation time using data from the entire study period,

280 The estimate of viral generation time using the coalescent method is 1.2 days

281 The estimated generation time varied between 3 and 20 days for all syn

282 study period, we also considered whether the generation time varied temporally.

283 The estimated median generation time was 2.7 days (95% CI, 2.0 to 3.5).

284 The mean generation time was 3.39 d [3.06, 3.70].

285 The average generation time was 5.04 +/- 6.28 (SD; range 0.7-63.5) d

286 mated population growth rate Ro was 1.69 and generation time was 7.8 years.

287 nt-rich media and defined media in which the generation time was approximately tripled.

288 The mean generation time was estimated to be 5.7 (median: 5.5, IQ

289 Generation time was found to have a greater effect on mu

290 Generation time was shortened by selection, a change tha

291 ulture ( approximately 6 h, 1 day and 2 week generation times), we observe the greatest anabolic acti

292 th narrow thermal ranges and relatively long generation times were more often reported to be affected

293 ast, greater asymptotic body mass and longer generation times were optimal at low population density.

294 for individuals maintained at two different generation times, were quantified and compared.

295 One limiting factor is generation time, which prolongs research and plant breed

296 of parent tumors and often require a lengthy generation time with variable efficiency.

297 Our results reveal S. aureus generation times with a median of 2.1 d, with extensive

298 This method requires only information on generation time without other specific details regarding

299 r influence of human pressure whereas longer generation times would favor a climate-induced origin of

300 Shorter generation times would favor a stronger influence of hum