ライフサイエンスコーパス: gestational

1 nonsedated neonates: 55 full-term neonates (gestational age >= 36 weeks) and 83 VPT neonates (gestat

2 tional age >= 36 weeks) and 83 VPT neonates (gestational age < 30 weeks).

3 parity (nulliparous women vs parous women), gestational age (<70 days vs >=70 days), amount of bleed

4 In analyses stratified according to gestational age (22 to 24 weeks, 25 to 27 weeks, 28 to 3

5 ntile), and 31 who delivered appropriate for gestational age (AGA) babies (controls, >10th to <90th p

6 ompared with those of appropriate weight for gestational age (AGA), FGR babies have smaller placentas

7 omen with offspring who were appropriate for gestational age (AGA).

8 omplex mixture of metals on birth weight for gestational age (BW for GA) in the Maternal and Developm

9 with birth weight (BW) <= 1800 g, estimated gestational age (EGA) <= 32 weeks, and <30 days old prio

10 Infants with gestational age (GA) <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1500

11 2018 and July 2019, categorized according to gestational age (GA) (group I: GA <=30 weeks; group II:

12 diagnosed with CHD) between 22 and 39 weeks gestational age (GA) from May 2015 to December 2017, wit

13 riage type, whether pregnant or post partum, gestational age (if pregnant), and HIV risk factors in t

14 ks with adjusted odds of large- or small-for-gestational age (LGA or SGA) neonate by BMI group.

15 10th percentile), 28 who delivered large for gestational age (LGA) babies (>=90th percentile), and 31

16 In contrast, women with large for gestational age (LGA) offspring had higher measures of a

17 umference (AC) to define suspected large for gestational age (LGA).

18 irth (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.1), and small for gestational age (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.2).

19 1.02-1.15], P value = 0.012), small size for gestational age (OR 2.15 [95% CI 2.07-2.23], P value < 0

20 ic regression analysis showed that increased gestational age (P = 0.045) was significantly and indepe

21 livering infants who were small or large for gestational age (SGA or LGA, respectively) according to

22 dy included 31 women who delivered small for gestational age (SGA) babies (SGA, <=10th percentile), 2

23 rine growth restriction (IUGR) and small-for-gestational age (SGA) birth.

24 To distinguish small for gestational age (SGA) from intrauterine growth restricti

25 e gestational weight gain (GWG) or small for gestational age (SGA) in IBD compared to non-IBD in the

26 Women with small for gestational age (SGA) offspring had 1-2 mmHg higher syst

27 Cases of small-for-gestational age (SGA) or pre-eclampsia were matched with

28 Preterm birth (PTB), small for gestational age (SGA), and low birth weight (LBW) are ri

29 d risks of low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), and preterm birth (PTB).

30 arkers of DBP were associated with small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW), and prete

31 s including microcephaly and being small for gestational age (SGA).

32 alivizumab to otherwise healthy 29-34 weeks' gestational age (wGA) infants aged <12 months at respira

33 on maternal serum at 12, 20 and 28 weeks of gestational age (wkGA) using 175 cases of term FGR and 2

34 Results A total of 311 neonates (mean gestational age +/- standard deviation, 39.3 weeks +/- 1

35 We included 22 infants, median gestational age 26.9 weeks [interquartile range (IQR): 2

36 At baseline, 40% of pregnant women (median gestational age 28 weeks) required invasive ventilation,

37 343 infants were included for analysis (mean gestational age = 28.6 weeks and birth weight = 1138.2 g

38 eterm infants (132 male, 119 female) (median gestational age = 30.29 weeks [range, 23.57-32.86 weeks]

39 nt women with mid-trimester maternal plasma (gestational age [GA], 16-24 weeks) who subsequently deve

40 liparous women with an ultrasound confirming gestational age and a singleton viable pregnancy.

41 The joint effect of gestational age and Apgar score on the risk of neonatal

42 , permuted-block randomisation stratified by gestational age and backbone regimen.

43 h the degree of prematurity, as assessed via gestational age and birth weight, as well as with reduce

44 mortality in periviable neonates <=23 weeks gestational age and calculate its impact on overall neon

45 Furthermore, clinical variables including gestational age and fetal sex significantly influenced E

46 adiposity measurements after controlling for gestational age and maternal and paternal BMIs.

47 aimed to investigate the association between gestational age and mortality in hospital for term-born

48 The association between gestational age and mortality was estimated using a mult

49 s or complications and included age, gender, gestational age and weight, zone and stage at infancy, v

50 Longitudinal studies with accurate gestational age assessment would be important to confirm

51 Both groups were matched for age and gestational age at admission.

52 nts were neonates who were at least 34 weeks gestational age at birth and enrolled within 48 h of bir

53 term" who are admitted to a PICU, increasing gestational age at birth is associated with a substantia

54 Gestational age at birth is declining, probably because

55 Among 1013 patients randomized (median gestational age at birth, 26.3 [interquartile range {IQR

56 Adjusting for gestational age at birth, postmenstrual age at scan, mat

57 econd of the two clusters demonstrated lower gestational age at delivery (p = 0.049), increased prote

58 contrast to 95% of postpartum women (median gestational age at delivery 30 weeks).

59 betes, and with complete data on smoking and gestational age at delivery were included.

60 age, gravidity, smoking, BMI, child sex, and gestational age at delivery, we identified 188 CpG sites

61 ement approaches are therefore influenced by gestational age at diagnosis and treatment and timing of

62 The median gestational age at first IPTp-SP dose was 22 weeks.

63 ht (LBW), preterm birth (PTB), and small for gestational age birth (SGA).

64 verity were higher in lower birth weight and gestational age categories.

65 responsiveness of human decidual cells, are gestational age dependent, and decidual cells augment ZI

66 Median gestational age for delivery was 38 weeks (interquartile

67 women (age 26.62 +/- 3.93 years) within the gestational age group of 13 to 32 weeks participated in

68 the proportion of preterm infants across all gestational age groups who achieved protective IgG antib

69 is designed to investigate the influence of gestational age in later symptoms of attention-deficit/h

70 ght, birth length, macrosomia, and large for gestational age in neonates.

71 of periodontal treatment on birthweight and gestational age in secondary analyses of publicly availa

72 y, S100A12 levels correlated positively with gestational age independently from sex.

73 SGA versus appropriate for gestational age infants did not demonstrate differences

74 Gestational age is an important modifiable risk factor f

75 Results from this study show that gestational age is related to inattentive and hyperactiv

76 odontal treatment effects on birthweight and gestational age may be biased towards the null.

77 al T cell compartment of human extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGAN) with extremely low birt

78 ars, infected with HIV, and had an estimated gestational age of 12-36 weeks.

79 en were eligible for inclusion if they had a gestational age of 22 weeks or more, a fetal heart sound

80 achments were more likely in patients with a gestational age of 29 weeks or less (P < 0.05) and in ey

81 All the neonates had an estimated gestational age of at least 34 weeks, an estimated birth

82 or of unknown HIV status (3.08, 2.50-3.81); gestational age of less than 26 weeks (1.22, 1.02-1.47);

83 2500 g, or less than 3000 g with a recorded gestational age of less than 37 weeks, were included in

84 The mean (SD) gestational age of the cohort was 28.3 (2.4) weeks.

85 Women with small or large for gestational age offspring are at increased risk of cardi

86 Despite growing evidence that gestational age predicts later symptoms of attention-def

87 y of preterm infants stratified according to gestational age recruited from 8 hospitals across the Ne

88 Therefore, gestational age should be addressed when considering sym

89 thoracic ICUs who were greater than 37 weeks gestational age up to and including 18 years who were in

90 0 years +/- 6 (age range, 12-49 years), mean gestational age was 24 weeks +/- 6 (range, 17-40 weeks).

91 was 34.5 years (range, 7-76 years), average gestational age was 26.6 weeks (range, 23-34 weeks), and

92 The median gestational age was 39.1 weeks (interquartile range, 38.

93 between level two and three units, although gestational age was a significant independent variable f

94 Gestational age was estimated by repeated ultrasound sca

95 Gestational age was estimated from first-trimester datin

96 Increased gestational age was found to be an independent predictor

97 Small for gestational age was identified in 9.7% of EXPECT infants

98 and 18 normal control foetuses with similar gestational age were compared using a 3T magnetic resona

99 disproportional) and those who are small for gestational age without microcephaly should be closely f

100 disproportional, and those who are small for gestational age without microcephaly should be closely f

101 Both EFW >4,000 g (or 90th centile for the gestational age) and AC >36 cm (or 90th centile) had >50

102 kg twice daily for term neonates (>=37 weeks gestational age) or 4 mg/kg twice daily for 1 week and 6

103 wing very premature birth (i.e., <= 32 weeks gestational age) remain at high risk for neurodevelopmen

104 s and birthweight z-scores (standardized for gestational age) was assessed for three different mixtur

105 eafter for preterm neonates (34 to <37 weeks gestational age).

106 1824 infants (mean birth weight, 756 g; mean gestational age, 25.9 weeks) underwent randomization.

107 mong 461 mothers and their 528 infants (mean gestational age, 26.6 weeks [SD, 1.6 weeks]; 253 [47.9%]

108 ergoing 280 imaging sessions (52% male; mean gestational age, 28.3 +/- 2.8 weeks; mean birthweight, 1

109 Of 296 preterm infants (56.1% male; mean gestational age, 30 weeks), complete samples before vacc

110 e, 35 years +/- 5 [standard deviation]; mean gestational age, 32 weeks +/- 3).

111 Fifteen pregnant women (mean gestational age, 37.8 weeks) walked in a pool (depth 1.3

112 weeks +/- 1.5), including 57 with SDH (mean gestational age, 39.5 weeks +/- 1.2), were evaluated.

113 subgroup included 55 neonates with SDH (mean gestational age, 39.6 weeks +/- 1.2) and 55 matched cont

114 - 1.2) and 55 matched control neonates (mean gestational age, 39.7 weeks +/- 1.2).

115 sex-gestation-specific birth weight centile, gestational age, 5-minute Apgar score, mode of delivery,

116 study, 49.2% were female, 87.6% were of term gestational age, 70.0% were white, and 48.1% were Hispan

117 clinician and institution, and adjusted for gestational age, American Society of Anesthesiologists p

118 combined, with preterm birth, small size for gestational age, and childhood overweight.

119 ze and 4.5-year outcomes accounting for sex, gestational age, and supratentorial injury.

120 birth, small-for-gestational age, continuous gestational age, and term birthweight) and exposure to a

121 Controlling for gestational age, birth weight, and BPD severity, MR-EI w

122 teristics of interest (sex, race, ethnicity, gestational age, birth weight, stage of retinopathy at p

123 ation level, parental socio-economic status, gestational age, breast-feeding, and gender were adjuste

124 ame risk of preterm birth and small size for gestational age, but with a higher risk of childhood ove

125 ween four outcomes (preterm birth, small-for-gestational age, continuous gestational age, and term bi

126 In infants born >=34 weeks gestational age, cord-blood IgG geometric mean concentra

127 d 28 days) respiratory status, birth weight, gestational age, gender, ROP treatment method, postmenst

128 collected on cases and controls matched for gestational age, maternal age, and human immunodeficienc

129 Charts were reviewed for gestational age, optic nerve appearance, intraocular pre

130 newborns who are preterm, small or large for gestational age, or born to mothers with diabetes are sc

131 In multivariable analyses, controlling for gestational age, sex, and abnormality on structural MRI,

132 Of the 151 cases with reported gestational age, the number of hospitalizations amongst

133 ive disorders of pregnancy, fetal growth, or gestational age, the prevalence of detectable PFAS in th

134 as the number of deliveries before 37 weeks' gestational age, was analysed in randomly assigned women

135 xpression patterns of CTBs from PAS cases to gestational age-matched control cells that invaded to th

136 sport and binding proteins, and to determine gestational age-related changes in maternal and fetal pl

137 althy controls of the same, or very similar, gestational age.

138 (n = 76 825) by baseline characteristics and gestational age.

139 atistically significant after adjustment for gestational age.

140 composition in 31 preterm infants <28 weeks' gestational age.

141 nificantly declined in CB from early to late gestational age.

142 -June 2020 vs uninfected controls matched on gestational age.

143 severe brain injury and born before 32 weeks gestational age.

144 0.2 weeks, and -0.6: -1.0 to -0.1 weeks for gestational age.

145 e performed blind to case-control status and gestational age.

146 c random intercepts and penalized splines on gestational age.

147 of 298 periviables 146 (43%) were <=20 weeks gestational age.

148 rthweight, and 0.03: -0.72 to 0.78 weeks for gestational age.

149 g, still had a higher risk of small size for gestational age.

150 sociated with a decreased risk for small-for-gestational-age (aOR = 0.622, 95% CI 0.458-0.848, P = 0.

151 ociated with an increased risk for small-for-gestational-age (aOR = 1.955, 95% CI 1.465-2.578, P < 0.

152 he marginal risk of preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth, gestational diabetes, and p

153 ad an increased risk of delivering large-for-gestational-age infants (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% confidenc

154 ad an increased risk of delivering large-for-gestational-age infants (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% confidenc

155 mpared rates of preterm births and small-for-gestational-age infants born in Australia 2000-2015.

156 births and 9.8% (8.2% to 11.4%) in small-for-gestational-age infants, after adjustment for infant's b

157 ia but with the risk of delivering large-for-gestational-age infants.

158 cholesterol levels on the risk for small-for-gestational-age is larger.

159 between maternal lipid profile and small-for-gestational-age neonates.

160 of prematurity, low birth weight, small-for-gestational-age or fetal death in women who already have

161 ate differences in neonatal mortality in all gestational-age strata.

162 onatal survival among preterm infants across gestational-age strata.

163 of prematurity, low birth weight, small-for-gestational-age, and fetal death as well as microcephaly

164 of prematurity, low birth weight, small-for-gestational-age, or fetal death.

165 ed as indicators of a high-risk of small-for-gestational-age, regardless of gestational weight gain.

166 SGA and LGA were determined by the sex- and gestational-age-specific birthweight distributions of th

167 but robust estimates for the whole range of gestational ages (GAs) are lacking.

168 ed MRI imaging of 81 healthy fetuses between gestational ages 21 and 38 weeks.

169 ealthcare-resource utilization impact across gestational ages for at least 5 years after infection, m

170 tion) and healthy control placentae (various gestational ages) were assessed using a high density gen

171 ne expression differences across regions and gestational ages.

172 ress made in the diagnosis and management of gestational alloimmune liver disease.

173 We specifically review studies of gestational and/or lactational exposure to understand th

174 age or fetal death in women who already have gestational comorbidities.

175 Higher gestational concentrations of some phthalate metabolites

176 We investigated whether early gestation [gestational day (GD) 10] or late gestation (GD19) MIA, v

177 itrate-containing beetroot juice (BRJ+) from gestational day (GD) 12.5.

178 cental model - timed-pregnant Balb/c mice at gestational day (GD) 18.5.

179 s were carried out for 3 h/d, 7 d/week, from gestational day (GD)0.5 until GD17.5.

180 CDH was created on gestational day (GD)23 (n=54).

181 estradiol (EE2)] by oral gavage beginning on gestational day (GD)6 and continuing with direct dosing

182 cts of MIA (injection of poly[I:C] to dam at gestational day 12.5), HI at postnatal day 10, and the c

183 pound C (20 mg kg(-1) day(-1) ) beginning on gestational day 13.5, and were exposed to hypoxia starti

184 3.5, and were exposed to hypoxia starting on gestational day 14.5 that induced intrauterine growth re

185 ant mice exposed to hypoxia or normoxia from gestational day 14.5 to 18.5.

186 cells (EOCCs) were isolated from fetuses at gestational day 18.5 (E18.5) of HFD-induced obese rat da

187 E2) (0.05 and 0.5 mug/kg BW/d) starting from gestational day 6 up to 1 y old according to the CLARITY

188 temic virus exposure in early pregnant rats (gestational day 8.5) by administering the viral dsRNA mi

189 On gestational day 8.5, the antimesometrial and mesometrial

190 le fetuses were reduced in FOXA2 cKO mice on gestational days 12.5 and 17.5.

191 Approximately, 35% of women with Gestational Diabetes (GDM) progress to Type 2 Diabetes (

192 In human pregnancies, we found that gestational diabetes also correlates with a reduced numb

193 maternal T(reg) cells to the development of gestational diabetes and the transgenerational metabolic

194 association between periodontal disease and gestational diabetes has also been reported.

195 Gestational diabetes is associated with unfavorable body

196 Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have a 7-fold higher

197 Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a hyperglycaemic

198 Fetal growth in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is directly linked t

199 own to what extent the physiology underlying gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is distinct from tha

200 Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldw

201 ic adaptations to a healthy pregnancy and in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remain poorly unders

202 Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) shares phenotypic ch

203 asma glucose (PG) concentrations, even below gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) thresholds, are asso

204 amic diameter <=2.5 mum (PM2.5)) and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), while the associati

205 Hypoadiponectinemia is a risk factor of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

206 owing fetus which are further exacerbated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

207 e acids, are at increased risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus and have impaired glucose

208 Gestational diabetes mellitus is a common pregnancy comp

209 d its elevated secretion was associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.

210 ients with type 1 diabetes, prediabetes, and gestational diabetes were excluded.

211 irth, small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth, gestational diabetes, and pre-eclampsia according to den

212 re less likely to have a previous C-section, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia/eclampsia or be in th

213 ted with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as gestational diabetes.

214 homeostasis, which are all key hallmarks of gestational diabetes.

215 e associated with a 0.9% increase in risk of gestational diabetes.

216 ociated with obesity, insulin resistance and gestational diabetes; and with obesity in child-bearing

217 plicated in neurodevelopmental disorders and gestational disease.

218 re was significantly associated with reduced gestational duration (p = 1.8 x 10-4) and increased mate

219 ght in the fetus are associated with shorter gestational duration and higher maternal BP.

220 P alleles were significantly associated with gestational duration and preterm birth through maternal

221 ernal traits are associated with a neonate's gestational duration, birth weight, and birth length.

222 Few associations were observed with gestational duration, birth weight, or birth length.

223 ed maternal height is associated with longer gestational duration, whereas alleles that increase feta

224 ase fetal growth are associated with shorter gestational duration.

225 lizing z score charts to standardize GWG for gestational duration.

226 to distinguish between the preconception and gestational effects of diabetes.

227 Using a mouse model of gestational ethanol exposure (GEE), we show increased in

228 Gestational exposure can disrupt developmental programs,

229 Accumulating evidence suggests that gestational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (

230 Gestational exposure to GenX recapitulated many document

231 Children with higher gestational exposure to mono-n-butyl (MBP) and mono-3-ca

232 nd observed shortened AGD in male pups after gestational exposure.

233 ting in vivo anti-androgenicity arising from gestational exposures and manifesting as a shortened ano

234 of raised serum bile acids, FXR and TGR5 in gestational glucose metabolism using mouse models.

235 his study determined the association between gestational glycemia and offspring AA measured by MRI in

236 out the effects across the range of maternal gestational glycemia on offspring abdominal adiposity (A

237 rs of pregnancy, including pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension (GHTN).

238 Women with gestational hypertension (n = 496) and pre-eclampsia (n

239 lthood: RR was 2.04 (95% CI: 0.93, 4.47) for gestational hypertension and 1.11 (95% CI: 0.63, 1.93) f

240 hood were associated with increased risks of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia, whereas norm

241 g obesity) is an established risk factor for gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia.

242 childhood to adulthood were associated with gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia.

243 However, comparison with gestational hypertension indicates that additional facto

244 percentile of the CDC BMI reference), RR for gestational hypertension was 1.66 (95% CI: 1.42, 1.94) a

245 rs classified pregnancies into normotensive, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, pre-

246 sity, smoking, hyperlipidemia, migraine, and gestational hypertension.

247 low oxygen- or anti-arrhythmic drug-induced gestational hypoxia, resulting in an increased incidence

248 Chronic gestational IL-17A was sufficient to cause ASD-like phen

249 nal intervention are unclear, as few chronic gestational inflammation models have been tested.

250 ntake, maternal weight gain, litter size, or gestational length.

251 icating deletion of Thm1 and Thm2 causes mid-gestational lethality.

252 Gestational lipid trajectories differed by BMI group and

253 Preconception lipid concentrations and gestational lipid trajectories varied by BMI group (P <

254 little is known about how RA regulates late gestational lung maturation.

255 provide some protection from infection, but gestational maternal antibodies have not yet been charac

256 These results indicate that early gestational maternal lipid levels influence the CB lipid

257 atal MM and IFA supplementation and maternal gestational micronutrient status in rural Bangladeshi ne

258 t nicotine exposure during the F1 (Filial 1) gestational period on the transmitted phenotype is unkno

259 a pattern of modest positive associations of gestational PFOA and PFHxS concentrations with central a

260 We examined the relationship between gestational phthalates and autistic traits in 3- to 4-y-

261 ive was to prospectively validate the use of gestational sac (GS), yolk sac (YS) diameter, crown-rump

262 tone plus misoprostol group did not pass the gestational sac spontaneously within 7 days versus 82 (2

263 utcome was failure to spontaneously pass the gestational sac within 7 days after random assignment.

264 neurons, and interneurons isolated from mid-gestational samples of the human cortex.

265 tokines and chemokines (EMA) elevated in mid-gestational serum samples from mothers of children with

266 extending through the first 60 d of a 168-d gestational term, was utilized to determine whether feta

267 mice to ionizing radiation (IR) at specific gestational time points and assessed the DDR in PGCs.

268 ly caused by an inflammatory response in the gestational tissues elicited by either infectious or ste

269 Women with gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTT) resistant to sing

270 d 400 mg daily of HCQ prior to completion of gestational week 10, which was maintained through pregna

271 o-intermediate progenitor cell transition at gestational week 10-as a key point of convergence in aut

272 rin (OPG) were measured prospectively before gestational week 12, and three-dimensional breast volume

273 The mean breast volume was 413 mL at gestational week 12, increasing by a mean of 99 mL up to

274 week 12, increasing by a mean of 99 mL up to gestational week 40.

275 al plasma collected in early gestation (mean gestational week 8).

276 that exposure to heatwaves during the final gestational week can independently trigger preterm birth

277 diameter (PM2.5)], exposure during the final gestational week on preterm birth.

278 ion with heatwave exposures during the final gestational week.

279 ) and 21% in the standard protocol arm (mean gestational weeks = 6).

280 ion was reported by 21% in the HPT arm (mean gestational weeks = 7) and 21% in the standard protocol

281 (2 days before expected menses), as was mean gestational weeks at first positive pregnancy test (4 we

282 ntly, expansion of the indications beyond 34 gestational weeks has been debated.

283 tre scale growth trajectory patterns over 18 gestational weeks in normal pregnancies with repeated me

284 with Down syndrome and control subjects (16 gestational weeks to 64 years), totalling 127 cases.

285 erweight or obesity exceeded the recommended gestational weight gain (58.8% vs. 31.8%, respectively).

286 The effect of excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) is related to adverse hea

287 investigate the association between maternal gestational weight gain (GWG) and preterm birth accordin

288 multiple pooled longitudinal studies, having gestational weight gain (GWG) as an example.

289 nal morbidity (SMM), but the contribution of gestational weight gain (GWG) is not well understood.

290 to explore the impact of PPDS on inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG) or small for gestational a

291 Gestational weight gain (GWG), maternal clinical chemist

292 ntions have shown their efficacy in reducing gestational weight gain (GWG); however, their applicabil

293 eased risk among women who do not lose their gestational weight gain during the postpartum period.

294 Maternal body mass index and gestational weight gain predict future obesity status of

295 5% CI 1.014-1.944, P = 0.041).In the highest gestational weight gain strata, especially the third-tri

296 Maternal gestational weight gain was self-reported in 2007, and b

297 We used self-reported grand-maternal gestational weight gain, diet, physical activity, and sm

298 styles during pregnancy defined by no excess gestational weight gain, no smoking, a healthy diet and

299 pregnancy and paternal overweight, excessive gestational weight gain, raised fasting plasma glucose d

300 of small-for-gestational-age, regardless of gestational weight gain.