ライフサイエンスコーパス: grid cell

1 varies 10 or more years within a single GCM grid cell.

2 phic ranges of all species co-occurring in a grid cell.

3 verlaid onto the global hexagonal pattern of grid cells.

4 o be important for the accurate modelling of grid cells.

5 tional system with two key pieces: place and grid cells.

6 ive and neutral genetic variation across the grid cells.

7 remapping of place cells, and realignment of grid cells.

8 ing rate speed signals thought to be used by grid cells.

9 ke daily predictions of PM2.5 at 1 km x 1 km grid cells.

10 ocity signal used by computational models of grid cells.

11 environment in place caused rate changes in grid cells.

12 es to the firing of head direction cells and grid cells.

13 question regards the function of entorhinal grid cells.

14 gh medial entorhinal cortex, perhaps via the grid cells.

15 signal to generate the repeating pattern of grid cells.

16 portant for navigation and memory, including grid cells.

17 sharply tuned to time and distance than non-grid cells.

18 junctive position-by-velocity selectivity of grid cells.

19 mapping in simultaneously recorded place and grid cells.

20 ent with global remapping in place cells and grid cells.

21 ace cells and have been recently reported in grid cells.

22 and are considered to be space-representing grid cells.

23 ypes in the circuit, such as place cells and grid cells.

24 In the MEC, we imaged grid cells, a widely studied cell type essential to memo

25 15) show that the spatial firing patterns of grid cells accumulate error, drifting coherently, until

26 onatal mortality at a resolution of 5 x 5 km grid cells across 46 African countries for 2000, 2005, 2

27 et loss of over 2.7 million occupied 1 km(2) grid cells across all species.

28 ence in the spatial coding properties of the grid cells across all three groups was discernible.

29 on: variability in the firing rate of single grid cells across firing fields, and artificial remappin

30 this network, the periodic firing fields of grid cells act as a metric element for position.

31 ectivity within the grid cell network drives grid cell activity across behavioral states.

32 The variance of grid cell activity along saccade trajectories exhibits 6

33 n mice, bats, and monkeys, and signatures of grid cell activity have been observed in humans.

34 experiments in rats that measured place and grid cell activity in different environments, and then a

35 s predominantly reflect visual inputs, while grid cell activity reflects a greater influence of physi

36 To determine whether grid cell activity reflects distance traveled or elapsed

37 Grid cell activity was only weakly influenced by locatio

38 To understand the structural basis of grid cell activity, we compare medial entorhinal cortex

39 necessary for the generation and function of grid cell activity.

40 els explain multiple fundamental features of grid cell activity.

41 al modulation, which is putatively linked to grid cell activity.

42 spatial memory in a similar manner to rodent grid-cell activity and, therefore, strengthen the putati

43 Among the most defining features of grid-cell activity are the 60 degrees rotational symmetr

44 Here, we demonstrate that pure grid cells also encode head direction, but through disti

45 environment invariance generalizes to human grid-cell analogs, where the relative contribution of vi

46 refore, strengthen the putative link between grid cells and behaviour along with their cognitive func

47 dmarks that both correct error in entorhinal grid cells and bind internal spatial representations to

48 tion of spatially modulated cells, including grid cells and border cells, in these layers suggests th

49 rhinal cortex, which led to the discovery of grid cells and border cells.

50 he hippocampus, with directionally modulated grid cells and forward replay exhibiting the greatest co

51 ippocampal input to the MEC, both in regular grid cells and in those that became head-direction cells

52 only weakly influenced by location, but most grid cells and other neurons recorded from the same elec

53 is review is to summarize what we know about grid cells and point out where our knowledge is still in

54 ook into account also soil deposition within grid cells and the potential C export to riverine system

55 ating the regular spatial firing patterns of grid cells, and changes in grid cell firing fields with

56 Supporting this idea, grid cells appear to provide an environment-independent

57 scriminable the individual fields of a given grid cell are by looking at the distribution of field fi

58 We thus asked how grid cells are affected by the nature of the input from

59 Thus, grid cells are controlled by both local geometric bounda

60 This suggests grid cells are engaged during the consolidation of spati

61 nput structure of layer 2 of MEC, where most grid cells are found.

62 er 2 of medial entorhinal cortex, where most grid cells are found.

63 show that the hexagonal activity patterns of grid cells are optimal.

64 Grid cells are spatially modulated neurons within the me

65 f true-would greatly change the way in which grid cells are thought to contribute to place coding.

66 e show that individual firing fields of pure grid cells are tuned to multiple head directions, with t

67 e provide the first evidence suggesting that grid cells are utilized during movement of viewpoint wit

68 uantity are defined climatologically at each grid cell as the 50 d with the highest values in three 5

69 pendent of external information, we recorded grid cells as animals ran in place on a treadmill.

70 imal studies have identified place cells and grid cells as important for path integration, but underl

71 equired to sustain grid firing, by recording grid cells as mice explore familiar environments in comp

72 To investigate these influences, we recorded grid cells as rats explored an open-field platform in a

73 nal symmetry in the spatial firing of single grid cells at comparable short timescales.

74 the spatial variability was computed between grid cells at half-degree resolution, we found that almo

75 ls of hippocampal place cells and entorhinal grid cells based on path integration treat the path-inte

76 the firing times of simultaneously recorded grid cells before and during hippocampal inactivation.

77 a set of functionally dedicated cell types: grid cells, border cells, head direction cells, and spee

78 These highly specialized neurons include grid cells, border cells, head-direction cells, and irre

79 Grid cells, border cells, head-directions cells, and con

80 ts, the spacing between the firing fields of grid cells changes systematically along the dorsal-ventr

81 ngs in APOE epsilon4 carriers, indicative of grid cell coding errors in the entorhinal cortex, the in

82 onally distinct cell types such as place and grid cells, combined with an extensive body of human-bas

83 Grid cells constitute one of the main cell types in the

84 e interval, 1.34-1.63; P<0.0001), as well as grid cells containing train stations (odds ratio, 3.80;

85 orhinal cortex, raising the possibility that grid cells contribute to stable place fields when an org

86 on posit that recurrent connectivity between grid cells controls their patterns of co-activation.

87 Our findings explicate the way in which grid cells could function in human path integration.

88 n other entorhinal cell populations, such as grid cells, could depend on plasticity, raising the poss

89 Grid cells, defined by their striking periodic spatial r

90 estigated whether the firing associations of grid cells depend on hippocampal inputs.

91 ns in medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), termed grid cells, discharge at regular spatial intervals.

92 Medial entorhinal grid cells display strikingly symmetric spatial firing p

93 rment in the hippocampus, possibly linked to grid cell disruption, as circuit mechanisms underlying s

94 een recorded around eye-opening (P16), while grid cells do not obtain adult-like features until the f

95 ted the spatial tuning offsets between these grid cells during active exploration.

96 Mild disruption of MEC grid cells emerged in younger APP-KI mice, although the

97 redict both lumped watershed and half-degree grid cell emissions and EFs worldwide, as well as the pr

98 Most studies of grid cells emphasized the roles of geometric boundaries

99 Furthermore, we argue that entorhinal grid cells encode a low-dimensionality basis set for the

100 We propose that grid cells encode the geometric layout of enclosures.

101 amiliar faces, objects, and scenes, in which grid cells encode translation vectors between salient st

102 "Grid cells" encode an animal's location and direction of

103 is revealed evidence of network coherence in grid cells even in the absence of hippocampal input to t

104 tuned hippocampal place cells and entorhinal grid cells exhibit distinct spike patterns in different

105 Medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) grid cells exhibit firing fields spread across the envir

106 contrast to an open-field environment, where grid cells exhibit firing patterns with a 6-fold rotatio

107 Many grid cells exhibited multiple firing fields during tread

108 f excitatory and inhibitory coupling between grid cells exist independently of visual input and of sp

109 Medial entorhinal grid cells fire in periodic, hexagonally patterned locat

110 nning speed and direction, medial entorhinal grid cells fire in repeating place-specific locations, p

111 Grid cells fire in sequences that represent rapid trajec

112 vement direction associated with conjunctive grid cell firing [7].

113 entorhinal cortex could lead to deficits in grid cell firing and underlie the deterioration of spati

114 irst evidence that in a complex environment, grid cell firing can form the coherent global pattern ne

115 nstrate that changes in spatial stability of grid cell firing correlate with changes in a proposed sp

116 a variety of neuronal properties, including grid cell firing field spacing, which is thought to enco

117 iring patterns of grid cells, and changes in grid cell firing fields with movement of environmental b

118 n modules modeled with large spacing between grid cell firing fields.

119 n modules modeled with small spacing between grid cell firing fields.

120 Grid cell firing forms a hexagonal array of firing field

121 ell firing on a 10 s time scale suggest that grid cell firing is a function of velocity signals integ

122 Finally, changes in spatial accuracy of grid cell firing on a 10 s time scale suggest that grid

123 We find that grid cell firing patterns are largely absent in rTg4510

124 even when recorded simultaneously, place and grid cell firing patterns differentially reflect environ

125 However, with prolonged experience, grid cell firing patterns formed a single, continuous re

126 r, an accurate and universal metric requires grid cell firing patterns to uniformly cover the space t

127 However, grid cell firing patterns were unaffected, concordant wi

128 cues results in a significant disruption of grid cell firing patterns, even when the quality of the

129 s on the computation of location that drives grid cell firing patterns.

130 velocity modulation of theta rhythmicity and grid cell firing patterns.

131 in particular enclosure boundaries influence grid cell firing properties.

132 e entorhinal cortex, with changes evident in grid cell firing rate and the local field potential thet

133 inputs other than visual inputs can support grid cell firing, though less accurately, in complete da

134 l processing, such as theta oscillations and grid cell firing.

135 6-fold rotational symmetry characteristic of grid cell firing.

136 nstraints on several computational models of grid cell firing.

137 , grid cells produce stable, almost-circular grid-cell firing fields.

138 /diagonal band of Broca (MSDB)-dependent MEC grid-cell firing patterns as the neurophysiological subs

139 t has been proposed to account for place and grid-cell firing patterns.

140 alize on the six-fold rotational symmetry of grid-cell firing to demonstrate a 60 degrees periodic pa

141 u et al. (2016) report the first evidence of grid cells for 2D conceptual spaces.

142 One mechanism proposed for grid cell formation is the continuous attractor network.

143 Grid cells from a common module exhibit stable offsets i

144 y PM(2.5) levels were estimated at 1-kmx1-km grid cells from a previously validated prediction model.

145 The model suggests that disconnecting grid cells from occipitotemporal inputs may yield prosop

146 ed with excitatory cell loss and deficits in grid cell function, including destabilized grid fields a

147 torhinal cortex, which might be relevant for grid cell function.

148 Pure grid cells generate grid codes that have been assumed to

149 Grid cell generation depends upon theta rhythm, a 6-10 H

150 rodents in which head-direction, place, and grid cells have all been described.

151 Grid cells have also been found in mice, bats, and monke

152 This suggests that, on average, nearby grid cells have more similar spatial firing phases than

153 Grid cells, however, do display a limited degree of adap

154 R0 and SIG were calculated for each grid cell in Canada south of 60 degrees N, for each time

155 y estimating population sizes in every 10- m grid cell in Nigeria with national coverage.

156 e analysis including other landmarks in each grid cell in the model and demographic characteristics,

157 itation Climatology Centre V2018 0.5 degrees grid cells in 50 km zones from the shoreline into the in

158 distinguish these possibilities, we examined grid cells in behaving rodents as they made long traject

159 ot periods preceding or succeeding movement, grid cells in deep layers of the entorhinal cortex repla

160 the temporal and spatial code of downstream grid cells in entorhinal cortex.

161 ntribute to the potential functional role of grid cells in guiding goal-directed navigation.

162 A new study indicates that grid cells in humans also represent information about im

163 I economic corridors, with the proportion of grid cells in invasion hotspots 1.6 times higher than ot

164 In the bat, grid cells in MEC display a functional topography in ter

165 The firing patterns of grid cells in medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) and associa

166 Grid cells in medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) are crucial

167 Grid cells in medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) can be mode

168 Grid cells in medial entorhinal cortex are an attractive

169 ons including place cells in hippocampus and grid cells in medial entorhinal cortex are temporally or

170 Grid cells in medial entorhinal cortex are thought to ac

171 Firing fields of grid cells in medial entorhinal cortex show compression

172 icity and stability in mice and suggest that grid cells in mice cannot perform accurate path integrat

173 cal motion inputs, while recording place and grid cells in mice navigating virtual open arenas.

174 erent global representation, we recorded mEC grid cells in rats foraging in an environment containing

175 avigational planning, yet the involvement of grid cells in replay is unknown.

176 e found that both oceans and islands contain grid cells in similar proportions, but island cell activ

177 We recorded ensembles of grid cells in superficial layers of medial entorhinal co

178 Grid cells in the brain respond when an animal occupies

179 Grid cells in the entorhinal cortex (EC) of rodents [1]

180 The spatially periodic activity of grid cells in the entorhinal cortex (EC) of the rodent,

181 Grid cells in the entorhinal cortex represent an animal'

182 The periodic spatial firing patterns of grid cells in the hippocampal formation offer a compact

183 Place and grid cells in the hippocampal formation provide foundati

184 , which suggest that phase relations between grid cells in the MEC are dependent on intrinsic connect

185 Grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) encode

186 The network of grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) forms a

187 Grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) respond

188 Place cells in the hippocampus and grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex have differen

189 ial location for memory function may involve grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex, but the mech

190 t position in visual space is represented by grid cells in the primate entorhinal cortex (EC), sugges

191 Following the presumed role of grid cells in vector navigation, we propose a model of r

192 he first quantitative proposal for a role of grid cells in visual recognition.

193 nd rate remapping is self-organized; and (6) grid cell input to place cells helps stabilize their cod

194 e cells does not require, but is altered by, grid cell input; (3) plasticity in sensory inputs to pla

195 dow during which stable border cell, but not grid cell, inputs are available.

196 but is accounted for by models in which pure grid cells integrate inputs from co-aligned conjunctive

197 at, in the absence of external dynamic cues, grid cells integrate self-generated distance and time in

198 Entorhinal grid cells integrate sensory and self-motion inputs to p

199 gain insight into the dynamics of place and grid cell interaction, we built a computational model wi

200 ess a possible linkage between place cell to grid cell interactions and PCA.

201 found that the periodic spatial activity of grid cells is completely degraded when animals are moved

202 on of whether species richness of individual grid cells is controlled by local factors, or reflects l

203 ivity, including activity in a proportion of grid cells, is significantly more speed modulated than o

204 Comparisons at the grid cell level indicate that disagreement is mainly rel

205 s skilful at predicting range changes at the grid-cell level, ecological niche models do as well, or

206 in entorhinal cortex have been reported with grid cell-like firing in response to eye movements, i.e.

207 patial navigation tasks, so-called place and grid cell-like representations emerge because of the rel

208 y or cognitive variables with populations of grid-cell-like neurons whose activity patterns exhibit l

209 and larger grid-field spacing compared with grid cells located more dorsally.

210 elds are topographically organized such that grid cells located more ventrally in MEC exhibit larger

211 uggest that the orientation and scale of the grid cell map, at least on a surface, are determined by

212 the body plane in orienting the plane of the grid cell map.

213 Grid cells may allow us to move our viewpoint in imagina

214 The spatial scale of grid cells may be provided by self-generated motion info

215 Grid cells may benefit from sensory inputs via boundary

216 suggest that local directional signals from grid cells may contribute to downstream computations by

217 ned with simulations of an attractor network grid cell model, demonstrate that landmarks are crucial

218 regularity of grid patterns in rodents and a grid-cell model based on the eigenvectors of the success

219 incorporating these nonlinear dynamics into grid cell models, we show that they can sharpen the prec

220 Grid cell modules in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC)

221 This indicates that different grid cell modules might have differential properties for

222 med to be generated by input from entorhinal grid cell modules with differing spatial scales.

223 expansion could be selective for individual grid cell modules with particular properties of spatial

224 o extremes occur on the same day in the same grid cell more than 50% of the time in the northeastern

225 ides a new interpretation in which place and grid cells mutually interact to form a coupled code for

226 age RTL exceedance frequency of 27.7% in all grid cells (n = 9968).

227 icate that recurrent connectivity within the grid cell network drives grid cell activity across behav

228 accuracy coincides with the emergence of the grid cell network in the entorhinal cortex, raising the

229 The grid cell network in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC)

230 ested prediction of these models is that the grid cell network should exhibit an activity correlation

231 gest a viable functional organization of the grid cell network, and highlight the benefit of integrat

232 cally plausible model for the formation of a grid cell network.

233 structure of the representation confers the grid cell neural code with large capacity.

234 Depending on the scenario, 374-1,144 grid cells of 1.5 km x 1.5 km each, comprising 0.5%-1.5%

235 integration performance and the activity of grid cells of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) are aff

236 rcuitry, we constructed a model of place and grid cells organized in a loop to investigate their mutu

237 al temporal and rate codes characteristic of grid cell output is unknown.

238 weights connecting place-like input cells to grid cell outputs.

239 from 2003 to 2013 for validation) for model grid cells over the Northern Hemisphere deciduous broadl

240 Per grid cell pair and collectively, and across waking, rapi

241 (<1.5 s) spike timing relationships between grid cell pairs are preserved in the dark, indicating th

242 ate that visual input is required to sustain grid cell periodicity and stability in mice and suggest

243 al landmarks caused a profound impairment in grid cell periodicity.

244 leep, we found that spatial phase offsets of grid cells predict arousal-state-independent spike rate

245 body plane is vertical as rats climb a wall, grid cells produce stable, almost-circular grid-cell fir

246 ts the regular firing patterns of entorhinal grid cells, proposedly providing a metric for cognitive

247 Entorhinal grid cells provide inputs to the hippocampus, and their

248 However, all previous grid cell recordings used electrode techniques that prov

249 tion, the firing of head-direction cells and grid cells reflects the interface between self-motion an

250 anism of generating the spatial responses of grid cells remains unclear.

251 Grid cells represent an ideal candidate to investigate t

252 el accounts for differences in how place and grid cells represent different environments and provides

253 consists of dividing a geometric space into grid cells represented by nodes connected chronologicall

254 to the hippocampus and are considered to be grid cells representing space.

255 ns and "classical" low-dimensional hexagonal grid cell responses.

256 At the same time, grid cells retained their spatial alignment and predomin

257 About 66% grid cells show positive annual WUE trends, mainly over

258 al models hypothesize that generation of the grid cell signal relies upon HD information that ascends

259 change signal is generally coarser than the grid cell size of downscaled climate model output.

260 e more dorsal visual field, this resulted in grid cell spatial firing that compressed or expanded bas

261 n the ventral visual field, this resulted in grid cell spatial firing that was not sensitive to barri

262 MEC neurons exhibited altered grid cell spatial periodicity and reduced spatial select

263 Grid cell spatial periodicity was more commonly observed

264 his is exemplified by correspondence between grid cell spatial scales and the synaptic integrative pr

265 n mice and, in contrast to the modularity of grid cell spatial scales, have a continuous dorsoventral

266 The idea expands our understanding of grid cells, suggesting that they could implement a gener

267 representing the orientation of the head and grid cells that fire at multiple locations, forming a re

268 rons that represent self-location, including grid cells that fire in periodic locations and velocity

269 ex (MEC) contains specialized neurons called grid cells that form part of the spatial navigation syst

270 onment may have a stronger effect on ventral grid cells that have wider spaced firing fields, whereas

271 Grid cells, the most abundant functional cell type in th

272 During replay we found grid cells to be spatially coherent with place cells, en

273 We shed light on the potential of entorhinal grid cells to efficiently encode variables of dimension

274 Do we expect periodic grid cells to emerge in bats, or perhaps dolphins, explo

275 uit uses the mutual interaction of place and grid cells to encode the surrounding environment and pro

276 models study the downstream projection from grid cells to place cells, while recent data have pointe

277 of symmetric recurrent connectivity between grid cells to provide relative stability and continuous

278 A new study has examined the ability of grid cells to use self-motion cues to form a global map

279 For spatially sensitive neurons, such as grid cells, to faithfully represent the environment thes

280 Grid cells use a hexagonally symmetric code to organize

281 patial scale characterizing the variability (grid cell vs. continent) and to the region of interest (

282 urons severely lost their spatial tuning and grid cells were almost absent.

283 Grid cells were more sharply tuned to time and distance

284 Grid cells were only weakly correlated across grid modul

285 in which the hippocampus was inactivated and grid cells were recorded in the rat MEC.

286 and goal locations encoded by the firing of grid cells when this vector may be much longer than the

287 modify the local near-surface climate in the grid cells where they are deployed.

288 of path integration in mammals may exist in grid cells, which are found in dorsomedial entorhinal co

289 One class of such cells is the grid cells, which are located within the entorhinal cort

290 These signals include grid cells, which fire at multiple locations, forming a

291 ered to constitute the largest population of grid cells, which provide spatial representation to supp

292 at local spatial information also influences grid cells, which-if true-would greatly change the way i

293 : between the ECG leads, and between smaller grid-cells, whose size was determined via data-driven cl

294 ir relative phases remain constant, produces grid cells with consistently offset grids, and reduces V

295 the emissions into 0.5 degrees x 0.5 degrees grid cells with GDP and population as surrogate indexes.

296 5) concentrations measured over ~8.6 million grid cells with geographic, economic, and demographic da

297 und plane may influence the firing of dorsal grid cells with narrower spacing between firing fields.

298 al methods, we show that the 1D responses of grid cells with stable 1D fields are consistent with a l

299 resented in the brain as phases of arrays of grid cells with unique periods and decoded by the invers

300 ce exploring real 2D arenas demonstrate that grid cells within these three groups have similar spatia