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1 rates, purified STa, and the peptide hormone guanylin.
2  in the distal small intestine and colon for guanylin.
3                                              Guanylin, a peptide implicated in regulation of intestin
4                                 Both STa and guanylin, a peptide structurally similar to STa, increas
5          Functionally, STa, uroguanylin, and guanylin all stimulated a significant increase in DBS in
6                                              Guanylin, an endogenous gastrointestinal peptide, causes
7                                     For both guanylin and guanylin receptor, the high-salt diet had n
8                                              Guanylin and uroguanylin are intestinal peptides that st
9 iments demonstrate that mRNA transcripts for guanylin and uroguanylin are markedly reduced in colon p
10                                              Guanylin and uroguanylin are peptide hormones that are h
11                                              Guanylin and uroguanylin are recently discovered intesti
12                             We conclude that guanylin and uroguanylin evolved distinctly different st
13 s, together with the invariant disruption in guanylin and uroguanylin expression early in carcinogene
14 evealed that diet-induced obesity suppressed guanylin and uroguanylin expression in mice and humans.
15 uanylate cyclase C (GUCY2C) and its hormones guanylin and uroguanylin have recently emerged as one pa
16 gher gut-to-carcass ratios, and induction of guanylin and uroguanylin in both GC-C heterozygous and n
17 itu hybridization were performed to localize guanylin and uroguanylin mRNA along the duodenal-colonic
18 ctose diet responded with elevated levels of guanylin and uroguanylin RNA and protein.
19 testinal receptor for the paracrine hormones guanylin and uroguanylin that converts guanosine-5'-trip
20  target of gastrointestinal peptide hormones guanylin and uroguanylin, and bacterial heat-stable ente
21                        The enteric peptides, guanylin and uroguanylin, are local regulators of intest
22 roducts in colorectal carcinogenesis include guanylin and uroguanylin, endogenous ligands for guanyly
23 ithelial cells, binds the paracrine hormones guanylin and uroguanylin, inducing cGMP signaling in col
24                                              Guanylin and uroguanylin, peptides synthesized in the in
25 genic enterotoxins and the paracrine ligands guanylin and uroguanylin, regulates intestinal secretion
26 ancer is universally associated with loss of guanylin and uroguanylin, the endogenous ligands for the
27 s cGMP in response to the paracrine hormones guanylin and uroguanylin, which regulate epithelial cell
28  for the newly discovered mammalian hormones guanylin and uroguanylin.
29                Durable expression of GUCY2C, guanylin, and uroguanylin mRNA and protein by intestinal
30 ture and coding sequences of uroguanylin and guanylin are similar, the 5' flanking sequences and patt
31 h uroguanylin and the related peptide ligand guanylin bind to GC-C and stimulate an increase in cycli
32                                          The guanylin-binding affinities for peptide-receptor interac
33 .0, uroguanylin is 100-fold more potent than guanylin, but at an alkaline pH of 8.0 guanylin is more
34 ocol has been tested on 15-aminoacid peptide guanylin containing four cysteine residues; the net simu
35  due to loss of its paracrine hormone ligand guanylin contributes universally to malignant progressio
36                              Uroguanylin and guanylin, endogenous ligands of the guanylate cyclase C
37 ontrast, a mucosal acidity of pH 5.0 renders guanylin essentially inactive.
38                     Previous results showing guanylin expression in enterochromaffin cells appear to
39    C. rodentium infection strongly decreased guanylin expression in GC-C+/+ mice and, to an even grea
40 d that diet-induced obesity caused a loss of guanylin expression in the colon with subsequent GUCY2C
41 uroguanylin mRNA expression is discrete from guanylin expression in the intestine.
42  have a role in intestinal proliferation, as guanylin expression is lost in intestinal adenomas.
43 ion has not been identified, and the site of guanylin expression remains controversial (some studies
44 ns revealed that obesity reversibly silenced guanylin expression through calorie-dependent induction
45                                      Colonic guanylin expression was evaluated by Western and Norther
46 eat-stable enterotoxin (ST) peptides and the guanylin family of gastrointestinal hormones.
47   The relative affinities of uroguanylin and guanylin for binding to receptors on the mucosal surface
48 w that Guca1b is tightly linked to the mouse guanylin gene on chromosome 4.
49 s; the uroguanylin gene spans 2.4 kb and the guanylin gene spans 1.7 kb.
50  cyclase C (GUCY2C or GC-C) and its ligands, guanylin (GUCA2A or Gn) and uroguanylin (GUCA2B or Ugn),
51 findings show how caloric suppression of the guanylin-GUCY2C signaling axis links obesity to negation
52                 To determine the function of guanylin in intestinal epithelia, guanylin null mice wer
53 genic mice, enforcing specific expression of guanylin in intestinal epithelial cells restored GUCY2C
54 ptors likely exist for STa, uroguanylin, and guanylin in the intestines of mice.
55 riment, suggesting that oxidative folding of guanylin in vitro occurs under kinetic control.
56  than guanylin, but at an alkaline pH of 8.0 guanylin is more potent than uroguanylin in stimulating
57                                              Guanylin is the most commonly lost gene product in spora
58 e rat gastrointestinal tract and resolve the guanylin localization controversy.
59                 Importantly, calorie-induced guanylin loss silences the GUCY2C-cGMP paracrine axis un
60 from its role as an intestinal secretagogue, guanylin may also have a role in intestinal proliferatio
61 e the expression patterns of uroguanylin and guanylin messenger RNA (mRNA) in the mouse intestine.
62 ominent in proximal small intestine, whereas guanylin mRNA is predominantly expressed in distal small
63 icomedullary junction of the kidney, whereas guanylin mRNA was localized in both crypts and villi in
64           The apoptotic index was similar in guanylin null mice and littermate controls.
65 ear antigen (PCNA) were present in crypts of guanylin null mice as well.
66                                              Guanylin null mice grew normally, were fertile and showe
67 unction of guanylin in intestinal epithelia, guanylin null mice were generated using a Cre/loxP-based
68 ver, the levels of cGMP in colonic mucosa of guanylin null mice were significantly reduced.
69 Activation of GC-C by the endogenous ligands guanylin or uroguanylin elevates intracellular cGMP and
70     The data support the hypothesis that the guanylin pathway is down-regulated as an adaptive respon
71 m from colon explants, and expression of the guanylin receptor (C-type guanylate cyclase) by Northern
72                                              Guanylin receptor expression was also decreased, althoug
73                        For both guanylin and guanylin receptor, the high-salt diet had no significant
74 ting that the apically located adenosine and guanylin receptors were not involved.
75    Our findings suggest that uroguanylin and guanylin regulate the turnover of epithelial cells withi
76  The intestinal R-GC signaling molecules for guanylin regulatory peptides are promising targets for p
77 n secretion by measuring biologically active guanylin released into the medium from colon explants, a
78                 Indeed, genetically enforced guanylin replacement eliminated diet-induced intestinal
79            It is likely that uroguanylin and guanylin represent gene duplications that have evolved t
80  We conclude from these studies that loss of guanylin results in increased proliferation of colonic e
81 d by Western and Northern blotting, rates of guanylin secretion by measuring biologically active guan
82 to compensatory changes in expression of the guanylin signaling pathway.
83                       While uroguanylin- and guanylin-stimulated DBS are cystic fibrosis transmembran
84                             Uroguanylin- and guanylin-stimulated DBS were significantly inhibited by
85 xplored by examining STa-, uroguanylin-, and guanylin-stimulated duodenal bicarbonate secretion (DBS)
86 the intestinal receptors for uroguanylin and guanylin, thus providing a rationale for the evolution o
87 ion, the low-salt diet reduced expression of guanylin to 30%-40% of the level found in control animal
88 analysis was used to determine the levels of guanylin, uroguanylin, and GC-C in mice with osmotic dia
89  manner, following activation by its ligands guanylin, uroguanylin, or the heat-stable enterotoxin pe
90  2 days on either diet resulted in increased guanylin/uroguanylin RNA and prohormone throughout the i
91 ussed with emphasis on natriuretic peptides, guanylin/uroguanylin, and nitric oxide.
92  and cause a compensatory down-regulation of guanylin/uroguanylin.
93 somer 2(B) has been obtained for full-length guanylin, which is significantly different from the poor
94 n of nitric oxide, natriuretic peptides, and guanylin with their respective guanylate cyclases, activ
95 tion, we have simulated oxidative folding of guanylin within the 94-aminoacid prohormone proguanylin.