ライフサイエンスコーパス: guard

1 l residents and the scientific community off-guard.

2 corded their foraging behaviour during chick guarding.

3 to modulate aggression associated with mate guarding.

4 fluids and represent forms of chemical mate guarding.

5 pective cohort study of the US Army National Guard (2009-2014).

6 hrorynchus) is Askari wa kifaru, the rhinos' guard [6].

7 As compared to nest guards, A. cerana foragers produced 3.38 fold higher lev

8 ctive contribution through which hepatocytes guard against aberrant cytosolic RLR-RNA-sensing pathway

9 ring the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and to guard against airborne transmitted diseases.

10 hip to help maintain glucose homeostasis and guard against hypoglycemia.

11 Thus, efforts to guard against inbreeding effects in populations of endan

12 The uterus is a remarkable organ that must guard against infections while maintaining the ability t

13 distributions of parameters that can better guard against misinterpretation of results, as compared

14 nes to access social support, which may help guard against negative effects of in-person social depri

15 a three-dimensional (3D) optical lattice to guard against on-site interaction shifts.

16 lls serve as sentinels in barrier tissues to guard against previously encountered pathogens.

17 between polymorphic alleles, Dmc1 must also guard against recombination between divergent sequences.

18 To guard against spurious association, we controlled for po

19 indings are replicated before publication to guard against subsequent replication failures.

20 ceptor, supports circadian clock function to guard against the detrimental effects of circadian stres

21 at propagate by sexual reproduction actively guard against the fertilization of an egg by multiple sp

22 gnizing issues that need to be considered to guard against time-driven confounders.

23 through extensive sensitivity analyses that guard against various model assumption violations.

24 GCR are physiologically relevant events that guard against wasteful oxygen consumption and inappropri

25 The germline genome is guarded against invading foreign genetic elements by sma

26 , we hypothesize that global p53 activity is guarded against loss of any one regulatory partner, allo

27 cin appears to be widespread and needs to be guarded against with scepticism and rigor.

28 Pak2 as an important signaling molecule for guarding against aberrant immune responses through regul

29 perature and the retention of bodily fluids, guarding against external stresses and mediating the sen

30 matically analyzing nongenetic data sets and guarding against false positives.

31 nuously balance Hsf1 and Ifh1 activity, thus guarding against proteotoxic stress during ribosome asse

32 our initial hypothesis that H223 protonation guards against early refolding.

33 choice, 53BP1 functions as a DSB escort that guards against illegitimate and potentially tumorigenic

34 This perpetual changing of the guard allows the pathogen to remain one step ahead of th

35 hree male strategies - multiple mating, mate guarding and paternal care - in response to partner avai

36 ng a discrete transition between continence (guarding) and micturition (augmenting) reflexes.

37 The visual prognosis is guarded, and eyes may require multiple surgeries to pres

38 ion(s) such as sight hunting, scent hunting, guarding, and companionship.

39 ations such as sight hunting, scent hunting, guarding, and companionship.

40 As) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that guard animal genomes against mutation by silencing trans

41 e effective than non-lethal strategies, with guard animals showing the most potential among the non-l

42 Passive mechanisms of mate guarding are used by males to promote sperm precedence w

43 high-throughput screening, revealing CRISPR GUARD as a rapidly implementable strategy to improve the

44 Optimism remains guarded as additional evidence accumulates.

45 ide RNA Assisted Reduction of Damage (CRISPR GUARD) as a method for protecting off-targets sites by c

46 l interactions between entering foragers and guards at the hive entrance.

47 ance defensive signalling by also attracting guard bees and that the visual movements of appropriate

48 ces between African and European forager and guard bees are depleted in widely conserved genes, indic

49 brachial artery (BAO) induces increased paw-guarding behaviors, mechanical hypersensitivity, and dec

50 In summary, we identified a "changing of the guards" between small RNA types that may systemically af

51 e SLIM by rf fields in conjunction with a DC guard bias, enabling essentially lossless TW transmissio

52 and aggregation of proteins unless they are guarded by chaperone systems.

53 cently described cellular processes that are guarded by the host.

54 Generally, we found that nests were not guarded by the same male for the whole provisioning seas

55 RIN4 is 'guarded' by several independently evolved NLRs from vari

56 tamembrane domain acts as a master regulator guarding cadherin stability.

57 While DELLA had no effect on ABA levels, guard cell ABA responsiveness was increased in S-della a

58 ces stomatal closure via QUAC1/ALMT12 and/or guard cell ABA synthesis.

59 o red light is correlated with a decrease in guard cell abscisic acid content and an increase in jasm

60 to darkness is mediated by reorganisation of guard cell actin filaments, a process that is finely tun

61 pecies Kalanchoe fedtschenkoi, we found that guard cell anion channel activity, recorded under voltag

62 the hormone that leads to the activation of guard cell anion channels by the protein kinase OPEN STO

63 the molecular basis for circadian control of guard cell aperture, we used large-scale qRT-PCR to comp

64 ic Gbeta subunit, AGB1, is required for four guard cell Ca(o) responses: induction of stomatal closur

65 extracellular ATP and of leaf mesophyll and guard cell chloroplasts during light-to-low-intensity bl

66 bitors and suggest a mechanism through which guard cell CO2 signaling controls plant water management

67 H LEAF TEMPERATURE 1 (HT1)-a central node in guard cell CO2 signaling-and that MPK12 functions as an

68 This process is mainly regulated by guard cell control of the stomatal aperture, but recent

69 tants to explore the impact of clustering on guard cell dynamics, gas exchange, and ion transport of

70 ulose and xyloglucan are required for normal guard cell dynamics.

71 ls and stomatal responses require reversible guard cell elongation and contraction.

72 mechanical, pectin-based pinning down of the guard cell ends, which restricts increase of stomatal co

73 High temperature promotes guard cell expansion, which opens stomatal pores to faci

74 digesting enzymes, coupled with bioassay of guard cell function) plus modeling lead us to propose th

75 highlight the role of polar reinforcement in guard cell function, which simultaneously improves our u

76 The regulation of guard cell genes involved in controlling stomatal moveme

77 We show that a range of core guard cell genes, including SPCH/MUTE, SMF, and FAMA, ma

78 cal link between OsGRXS17, the modulation of guard cell H2O2 concentrations, and stomatal closure, ex

79 ]i oscillations and analyze their origins in guard cell homeostasis and membrane transport.

80 tool with which to explore the links between guard cell homeostasis, stomatal dynamics, and foliar tr

81 nel by the protein kinases OPEN STOMATA1 and GUARD CELL HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-RESISTANT1 (GHR1) in Xenopu

82 ctors can utilize intrinsic HDAC activity to guard cell identity by repressing lineage-inappropriate

83 tissue, and that H3K27me3 dynamics regulate guard cell identity.

84 ing potassium (K(+) ) nutrition and a robust guard cell K(+) inward channel activity is considered cr

85 e xyloglucan, stomatal apertures, changes in guard cell length, and cellulose reorganization were abe

86 s, promotes rosette expansion, and modulates guard cell mechanics in adult plants.

87 y, CO2, and light, but without connection to guard cell mechanics.

88 profiling and identification of Arabidopsis guard cell metabolic signatures in response to red light

89 ints to multiple processes and plasticity in guard cell metabolism that enable these cells to functio

90 rther exploring and potentially manipulating guard cell metabolism to improve plant water use and pro

91 eview some of the osmoregulatory pathways in guard cell metabolism, genes and signals that determine

92 Therefore, analysis of guard cell metabolites is fundamental for elucidation of

93 The red-light-modulated guard cell metabolome reported here provides fundamental

94 indings reveal that high temperature-induced guard cell movement requires components involved in blue

95 than the wild type, reduced light-dependent guard cell opening, and reduced water loss, with aw havi

96 Moreover, the differences in guard cell oscillator function may be important for the

97 misexpressed CCA1 Our results show that the guard cell oscillator is different from the average plan

98 onsistent with a disabled active response of guard cell osmotic pressure.

99 FOCL1-GFP localizes to the guard cell outer cuticular ledge and plants lacking FOCL

100 The regulation of the GORK (Guard Cell Outward Rectifying) Shaker channel mediating

101 Arabidopsis plants overexpressing circGORK (Guard cell outward-rectifying K(+) -channel) were hypers

102 ata and developed a biomechanical model of a guard cell pair.

103 ctance measurements using intact plants, and guard cell patch-clamp experiments were performed.

104 e the possible origins of sucrose, including guard cell photosynthesis, and discuss new evidence that

105 dence that HG delivery and modification, and guard cell pressurization, make functional contributions

106 ic signatures in response to ABA in B. napus guard cell protoplasts.

107 layers to the increasingly complex system of guard cell regulation.

108 of protoplasts, firmly establishing a direct guard cell response to red light.

109 -induced stomatal opening arises from direct guard cell sensing of red light versus indirect response

110 re reject cycadalean affinities, whereas its guard cell shape and stomatal ledges are angiospermous.

111 ew functional role of small GTPase, NOG1, in guard cell signaling and early plant defense in response

112 evidence that the regulatory patterns of key guard cell signaling genes are linked with the character

113 Specially, NOG1-2 regulates guard cell signaling in response to biotic and abiotic s

114 etabolites is fundamental for elucidation of guard cell signaling pathways.

115 posttranslational modifications to fine-tune guard cell signaling.

116 A lack of correlation between guard cell size and DNA content, lack of arabinans in ce

117 Evidence from fossil guard cell size suggests that polyploidy in Sequoia date

118 Our results show that guard cell starch degradation has an important role in p

119 cs to define the mechanism and regulation of guard cell starch metabolism, showing it to be mediated

120 Diel rescheduling of guard cell starch turnover in K. fedtschenkoi compared w

121 transport, metabolism, and signaling of the guard cell to define the water relations and transpirati

122 bryophyte monophyly and demonstrate that the guard cell toolkit is more ancient than has been appreci

123 no effect on the induction of heat-sensitive guard cell transcripts, supporting the existence of an a

124 by a dynamic, mechanistic model that assumes guard cell turgor changes in concert with leaf turgor in

125 n in the proteins responsible for regulating guard cell turgor.

126 ends on changes in osmolyte concentration of guard cell vacuoles, specifically of K(+) and Mal(2-) Ef

127 tic solutes that drive reversible changes in guard cell volume and turgor.

128 Combined experimental data (analysis of guard cell wall epitopes and treatment of tissue with ce

129 Hence, PME34 is required for regulating guard cell wall flexibility to mediate the heat response

130 Restoration of PME6 rescues guard cell wall pectin methyl-esterification status, sto

131 these results provide new insights into how guard cell walls allow stomata to function as responsive

132 chanisms for how stomatal pores form and how guard cell walls facilitate dynamic stomatal responses r

133 e signals suggesting that the flexibility of guard cell walls is impaired.

134 opening, we have generated SGC (specifically guard cell) Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants in

135 s well as diel changes in their abundance in guard cell-enriched epidermis and mesophyll cells from l

136 We have characterized FOCL1, a guard cell-expressed, secreted protein with homology to

137 transport across the membrane system of the guard cell.

138 Although the guard-cell-signaling pathway coupling blue light percept

139 Expressing S-della under the control of a guard-cell-specific promoter was sufficient to increase

140 ) was overexpressed under the control of the guard-cell-specific promoter, GC1.

141 ary cells (SCs) flanking two dumbbell-shaped guard cells (GCs)-is linked to improved stomatal physiol

142 We measured guard cells across the genera with stomata to assess dev

143 A new study makes it clear that guard cells also metabolise starch to accelerate opening

144 Stomatal pores are formed between a pair of guard cells and allow plant uptake of CO2 and water evap

145 localized synthesis of stilbenes in stomata guard cells and cell walls is induced by P. viticola inf

146 Guard cells and epidermal cells of hornworts show striki

147 (2)-induced activation of Ca(2+) channels in guard cells and is required for stomatal closure.

148 receptor JAZ2 is constitutively expressed in guard cells and modulates stomatal dynamics during bacte

149 he increased number of small cells below the guard cells and of fully developed stomata indicated tha

150 ne localization patterns when imaged in both guard cells and pollen.

151 ase gene, PME6, which is highly expressed in guard cells and required for stomatal function.

152 n involves limited separation between sister guard cells and stomatal responses require reversible gu

153 was observed in the whole stomatal complex (guard cells and subsidiary cells), root vasculature, and

154 Although it has long been observed that guard cells are anisotropic due to differential thickeni

155 The focl1 guard cells are larger and less able to reduce the apert

156 Stomatal guard cells are pairs of specialized epidermal cells tha

157 Here, we show that the walls of guard cells are rich in un-esterified pectins.

158 Stomatal guard cells are widely recognized as the premier plant c

159 Starch is present in guard cells at the end of night, unlike in the rest of t

160 ether pore formation is an outcome of sister guard cells being pulled away from each other upon turgo

161 e [ADGase]) or retain starch accumulation in guard cells but are starch deficient in mesophyll cells

162 diating a massive K(+) efflux in Arabidopsis guard cells by the phosphatase AtPP2CA was investigated.

163 blished that the circadian oscillator within guard cells can contribute to long-term WUE.

164 Guard cells collapse inwardly, increase in surface area,

165 pare circadian oscillator gene expression in guard cells compared with the "average" whole-leaf oscil

166 hat has been implicated in anionic flux from guard cells controlling the stomatal aperture.

167 utside inwardly and continues to do so after guard cells die and collapse.

168 tomic force microscopy, that although mature guard cells display a radial gradient of stiffness, this

169 Guard cells dynamically adjust their shape in order to r

170 In silico analysis revealed that guard cells express all the genes required for beta-oxid

171 b1 and Glb2 scavenge NO produced in stomatal guard cells following ABA supply; plants overexpressing

172 meeting these challenges and to engineering guard cells for improved water use efficiency and agricu

173 Guard cells form stomatal pores that optimize photosynth

174 Here, we characterize transcriptomes from guard cells in C3 Tareneya hassleriana and C4 Gynandrops

175 predominantly in the phloem-loading zone and guard cells in leaves, root vasculature, and shoot apica

176 Decreased flavonols in guard cells in the anthocyanin reduced (are) mutant and

177 ion across the bundle sheath, mesophyll, and guard cells in the C4 leaf.

178 to the characteristic patterning of stomatal guard cells in the context of a growing leaf.

179 The position of guard cells in the epidermis is ideally suited for cellu

180 Further, upon initiation of reprogramming, guard cells induce H3K27me3-mediated repression of a reg

181 The shape of the guard cells influenced the rapidity of response and the

182 it, the capacity for lateral displacement of guard cells into neighboring epidermal cells, are crucia

183 mponent of phototropin signaling in stomatal guard cells is discussed.

184 leaves, suggesting that the SA signaling in guard cells may be independent from other cell types.

185 Guard cells of are show greater ABA-induced closure than

186 photosynthesis were more highly expressed in guard cells of C4 compared with C3 leaves.

187 +) (K(+) (in) ) channels was impaired in the guard cells of cipk23 mutants, whereas activation of the

188 Reductions in LD abundance in guard cells of the lycophyte Selaginella suggest that TA

189 dants, higher levels of ROS were detected in guard cells of the tomato are mutant and lower levels we

190 plants where ABA biosynthesis was rescued in guard cells or phloem companion cells of an ABA-deficien

191 epted that differential radial thickening of guard cells plays an important role in the turgor-driven

192 Guard cells shrink and close stomatal pores when air hum

193 Stomatal guard cells surround pores in the epidermis of plant lea

194 ynthetic, light-gated K(+) channel BLINK1 in guard cells surrounding stomatal pores in Arabidopsis to

195 he regulatory networks and ion fluxes in the guard cells surrounding the stomatal pore [2].

196 but not JA-dependent response, is faster in guard cells than in whole leaves, suggesting that the SA

197 across the plasma and vacuolar membranes of guard cells that drive stomatal movements and the signal

198 tails of the local separation between sister guard cells that give rise to the stomatal pore or how f

199 Stomata are defined by pairs of guard cells that perceive and transduce external signals

200 Each stomate is bordered by a pair of guard cells that shrink in response to drought and the a

201 on changes in turgor pressure acting within guard cells to alter cell shape [1].

202 ) increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in guard cells to close Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)

203 negative regulator of GA signaling, acts in guard cells to promote stomatal closure and reduce water

204 The importance of ABA biosynthesis in guard cells versus vasculature for whole-plant stomatal

205 Stomata are formed by a pair of guard cells which have thickened, elastic cell walls to

206 division to differentiate highly specialized guard cells while maintaining a stem cell population [1,

207 dest alteration of Ca transient frequency in guard cells, associated with the absence of Ca-induced s

208 Mal inhibited the anion current of Kalanchoe guard cells, both in wild-type and RNAi mutants with imp

209 The accumulation of flavonol antioxidants in guard cells, but not surrounding pavement cells, was vis

210 In plant guard cells, extracellular calcium (Ca(o) ) is as strong

211 ntified 390 distinct metabolites in B. napus guard cells, falling into diverse classes.

212 time-dependent outward potassium currents in guard cells, higher rates of water loss through transpir

213 d an elevation in H2O2 production within the guard cells, increased sensitivity to ABA, and a reducti

214 l responsible for the release of malate from guard cells, is essential for efficient stomatal closure

215 e main inward rectifying channels present in guard cells, mediating K(+) influx into these cells, res

216 uate the current literature on metabolism in guard cells, particularly the roles of starch, sucrose,

217 nase inhibition decreases FRET efficiency in guard cells, providing direct experimental evidence that

218 inating from the appressoria formed over the guard cells, was thought to require light to induce natu

219 Guard cells, which flank the stomata, undergo adjustment

220 ith the turgor pressure of the epidermis and guard cells, which ultimately determine stomatal pore si

221 the expression of other transporter genes in guard cells, which ultimately led to improved growth.

222 We quantified 223 metabolites in Arabidopsis guard cells, with 104 found to be red light responsive.

223 f stiffness, this is not present in immature guard cells, yet young stomata show a normal opening res

224 ll pores on plant leaves and stems formed by guard cells.

225 on of NCED3, a key step of ABA synthesis, in guard cells.

226 which is expressed in expanding tissues and guard cells.

227 ced by abscisic acid and highly expressed in guard cells.

228 (C3 plants), bundle-sheath (C4 plants), and guard cells.

229 hich is one of the phototropin substrates in guard cells.

230 y a reduced accumulation of K(+) ions in the guard cells.

231 n of signal amplification and specificity in guard cells.

232 rimary and specialized metabolic pathways in guard cells.

233 ith its putative paralog SINE2, expressed in guard cells.

234 regulation of salicylic acid (SA) pathway in guard cells.

235 dynamics, gas exchange, and ion transport of guard cells.

236 efense and is linked to hormone signaling in guard cells.

237 g autonomous red light signaling pathways in guard cells.

238 xpression from bundle sheath to mesophyll to guard cells.

239 he activity of AtCLCa in vivo in Arabidopsis guard cells.

240 idence that basal SnRK2 activity prevails in guard cells.

241 in N. benthamiana leaf cells and Arabidopsis guard cells.

242 tion induces LCBK1 expression, especially in guard cells.

243 to plants increased flavonol accumulation in guard cells; however, no flavonol increases were observe

244 their hosts, wherein specific host proteins 'guard' central cellular processes and trigger inflammato

245 Within the circulatory system, platelets guard circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from immune elimina

246 liquid chromatography (LC)-MS, the use of a guard column (i.e., fast chromatography) may be sufficie

247 Thus, Rcr3 acts as a guarded decoy in this interaction, trapping the fungus i

248 Finally, we create an online tool for CRISPR GUARD design.

249 Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) guard epithelial tissue integrity during homeostasis, bu

250 PRINCESS leverages Software Guard Extensions (SGX) and hardware for trustworthy comp

251 y checkpoint (SAC), a signaling network that guards fidelity of chromosome segregation.

252 ican red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) guard food hoards, an extended phenotype that typically

253 ersus 40% eyes, provided no safety margin to guard foveola in 17% versus 33%, and did not entirely co

254 restriction of resident genomic parasites to guard genome integrity.

255 report here our discovery of a new member in guarding genome stability at replication forks.

256 Royal Guard has the potential to improve malaria vector contro

257 Thus, the FoxA factors act continuously, guarding hepatic enhancer activity throughout adult life

258 Furthermore, loss of guard HF cycling suggests that in this particular hair t

259 and is required for zigzag hair bending and guard HF cycling.

260 lution of maternal care, in the form of nest guarding, in a single population of long-tailed sun skin

261 Male guarding increases provisioning of nests because females

262 In laboratory assays, Royal Guard induced > 80% mortality and > 90% blood-feeding in

263 es through the pyriproxyfen component; Royal Guard induced 83% reduction in oviposition and 95% reduc

264 Royal Guard is a new insecticide-treated bed-net incorporated

265 ugh, we found that paternity of offspring by guard males is extraordinarily low (10% of offspring).

266 rection in the sensor is reversed before the guard/marker segments escape.

267 n this and other moth species, chemical mate guarding may also impose selection pressure on the long-

268 ast exposure in a sample of Florida National Guard members (1,443 deployed to Operation Enduring Free

269 ested convergence between the MPK3- and MPK4-guarding modules.

270 terized cellular proliferation and apoptosis guards (NF-kappaB, Bcl-2 and p53) in these NPs-treated c

271 st that the complement system utilizes C3 to guard not only extracellular but also the intracellular

272 ship to attract females to enter a nest they guard or cuckoldry during which they steal fertilization

273 exam showed diffuse tenderness without mass, guarding or rebound while reminder of physical exam was

274 or different tasks such as hunting, herding, guarding, or companionship.

275 However, we show that long-term guarding performed by a single male does increase patern

276 e insurgent group, on Myanmar police, Border Guard Police, and military posts, killing 12 security pe

277 ence included but were not limited to Border Guard Police, Myanmar military, and Rakhine extremists.

278 ildren and systemic mastocytosis with a more guarded prognosis in adults who may also harbor other ge

279 Carcinoma of the gall bladder has a guarded prognosis with predominant sites of involvement

280 CRISPR GUARD reduces off-target mutagenesis while retaining on-

281 ternal urethral sphincter (EUS) contraction (guarding reflex) to maintain continence.

282 evoked tonic EUS activity, indicative of the guarding reflex, that was proportional to the urethral f

283 We confirm that oxpeckers guard rhinos and the importance of depredation, not soci

284 The use of a guard ring electrode in the detector reduces the crystal

285 st Practice Advice 10: Celiac serology has a guarded role in the detection of continued intestinal in

286 hus, the way we move unmasks one of our well-guarded secrets: how much we value the thing we are movi

287 from the principal flow stream by immiscible guard segments, typically a fluorocarbon (FC) liquid, of

288 rowth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signals in safe-guarding specific Treg cell functions.

289 e Fe-S cluster enzyme GRXS17 is an essential guard that protects proteins against moderate heat stres

290 nnervating neurons (~100 neurons/mouse) that guard the airways against assault.

291 to break regulatory mechanisms that usually guard the host against autoimmune diseases.

292 Specifically, we find that ravens guard their caches against discovery in response to the

293 F programs, and thus how parents' ability to guard their children's health is affected by structural

294 d short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas loci guard their hosts with an adaptive immune system against

295 esistant An. gambiae sl in Cove Benin, Royal Guard through the pyrethroid component induced comparabl

296 nition receptor that normally functions as a guard to trigger capase-1 inflammasome assembly in respo

297 chemical toggle switch that acts as a sizer, guarding transitions into and exit from a phase of cell-

298 stetric and newborn care and capable of safe-guarding uncomplicated births.

299 es (Helogale parvula) [5]; sentinels (raised guards) use various vocalisations to provide social info

300 outcome in Nocardia endophthalmitis is very guarded when presenting vision is poor.