ライフサイエンスコーパス: ha(ve|s) proved difficult

1 to consider the response of ecosystems to OA has proved difficult.

2 l genes underlying these quantitative traits has proved difficult.

3 ts capable of yielding the Earth-Moon system has proved difficult.

4 equency of resistance and volume of drug use has proved difficult.

5 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has proved difficult.

6 mating this parameter in natural populations has proved difficult.

7 the parameters that lead to immunodominance has proved difficult.

8 ver, assembling evidence for this hypothesis has proved difficult.

9 biomolecular signalling cues in such systems has proved difficult.

10 p(3) C-H bonds in C-C bond forming reactions has proved difficult.

11 nd loading using microfabrication technology has proved difficult.

12 targeting of Ras proteins by small molecules has proved difficult.

13 ces during behaviorally-relevant motor tasks has proved difficult.

14 y, implementation of the IOM recommendations has proved difficult.

15 y for directing conservation investments but has proved difficult.

16 polyglutamine proteins in the brain and body has proved difficult.

17 at self-assemble into non-compact structures has proved difficult.

18 t quantitation of the rate of transfer often has proved difficult.

19 rare BRCA2 missense mutations on cancer risk has proved difficult.

20 pharmacological sensitivity in target organs has proved difficult.

21 key functional distinctions between species has proved difficult.

22 replication of initial association findings has proved difficult.

23 ive clinical therapy for Parkinson's disease has proved difficult.

24 ning of a polydisperse assembly of particles have proved difficult.

25 ind-wave coupling, but detailed observations have proved difficult.

26 he trained neural network model, a task that has proved difficult across many domains.

27 Vaccine development has proved difficult and resistance has emerged for most

28 Describing this transition quantitatively has proved difficult, and one of the main unsolved probl

29 owever, all attempts to automate the process have proved difficult, as the process is inherently unst

30 linking quantum-enabled devices with cables has proved difficult because most cavity or circuit quan

31 lycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) locus, PKD1, has proved difficult because of the large transcript and

32 Statistical analysis of radiation hybrids has proved difficult because of the number of parameters

33 h-temperature cuprate superconductors (HTSs) has proved difficult because of the presence of high-ang

34 of the diet outside the Mediterranean region has proved difficult but not impossible.

35 pluripotent cells to mature skeletal muscle have proved difficult challenges for regenerative biolog

36 ver, comparing results from such experiments has proved difficult due to influences from variations i

37 functional characterization by transfection has proved difficult due to the background contribution

38 he structure of natively disordered peptides has proved difficult due to the lack of structural infor

39 elucidate the full-length structure of NEMO have proved difficult due to its apparent high conformat

40 et, identifying the causes of these declines has proved difficult, even for well-studied species like

41 But it has proved difficult for existing spectrographs to chara

42 r several molecular motors, these approaches have proved difficult for membrane bound molecular motor

43 Interpreting the (18)O/(16)O variability has proved difficult, however, because oxygen isotopes i

44 It has proved difficult, however, to distinguish between th

45 le or transgenic manipulation of Ngf or Trka have proved difficult in addressing this question.

46 stablishing their phylogenetic relationships have proved difficult in some cases.

47 pact of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis has proved difficult over the last decade.

48 this structure-stability relation, however, has proved difficult owing to a sampling bias (data avai

49 phases exhibiting varying degrees of order, has proved difficult owing to the contribution of electr

50 t obtaining potent small-molecule inhibitors has proved difficult owing to the necessity of targeting

51 of anatomically modern Homo sapiens occurred has proved difficult, particularly because Africa lacked

52 ble individual trait of general intelligence has proved difficult, particularly in the rapidly develo

53 tial hypertension and other complex diseases has proved difficult, partly because of genetic heteroge

54 tation rates on bedrock river incision rates has proved difficult, partly because river incision rate

55 ctor (a necessary step for spin electronics) has proved difficult; the only successful approach invol

56 ground states, this electronic configuration has proved difficult to achieve in a molecular species.

57 ular recognition is routine for biology, but has proved difficult to achieve in synthetic systems.

58 However, high-efficiency depletion has proved difficult to achieve.

59 terials, control over 'multistate' materials has proved difficult to achieve.

60 res in the target materials), something that has proved difficult to achieve.

61 capping and length regulation, its function has proved difficult to analyze.

62 rrect mathematical description of this state has proved difficult to apply.

63 neurons throughout the layers of the cortex has proved difficult to assess.

64 e that is critical to its function, but this has proved difficult to characterise.

65 e are key to its function, and this behavior has proved difficult to characterize at a structural lev

66 rmediate populations have been described, it has proved difficult to characterize the rare, asynchron

67 Although it has proved difficult to combat this disease, one strateg

68 tions of evolutionary theory, the prediction has proved difficult to confirm.

69 However, it has proved difficult to constrain the extent of the prim

70 for approximately 15-30% of infections, and has proved difficult to control using standard managemen

71 It has proved difficult to correlate levels of tumour-necro

72 Unfortunately, the infection has proved difficult to cure.

73 Nevertheless, this convergence has proved difficult to demonstrate anatomically as a re

74 ltures prepared from normal human brain, but has proved difficult to demonstrate in situ.

75 ft towards culture-independent approaches it has proved difficult to derive useful information about

76 amounts (haploinsufficiency(5)); however, it has proved difficult to determine the relative importanc

77 lthough the precise function of this element has proved difficult to determine.

78 e nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants, it has proved difficult to discover independent causal vari

79 ar mechanism of the type IV secretion system has proved difficult to dissect in the absence of struct

80 rA dynamics with regular plasmid positioning has proved difficult to dissect.

81 It has proved difficult to distinguish between air-to-sea c

82 vergence and admixture from genomic data, it has proved difficult to distinguish recent admixture fro

83 This claim has proved difficult to establish due to the absence of

84 However, this hypothesis has proved difficult to examine directly because atomic

85 The SWI has proved difficult to explain via traditional Bayesian

86 In particular, it has proved difficult to exploit the information containe

87 Furthermore, it has proved difficult to find a clear correlation between

88 to ecology and conservation biology, but it has proved difficult to find a single index that adequat

89 In many such cases, it has proved difficult to identify a genetic cause.

90 spite the clinical heterogeneity of COPD, it has proved difficult to identify distinct inflammatory e

91 e to model complexity, the origin of the NPL has proved difficult to identify.

92 ore most patients seek medical attention and has proved difficult to manipulate, liver regeneration c

93 tial for osteocyte survival and function but has proved difficult to measure.

94 ing structural information about core 1 that has proved difficult to obtain by experiment.

95 However, it has proved difficult to obtain cryo-EM reconstructions w

96 number of sexual partners over time, but it has proved difficult to obtain parameter estimates relat

97 The iron-bound form of Fur has proved difficult to obtain, and conflicting results

98 ctural information for the eukaryotic enzyme has proved difficult to obtain.

99 ly simplified microscopic endoparasites that has proved difficult to place phylogenetically.

100 such as the fractional quantum Hall effect, has proved difficult to probe spectroscopically.

101 It has proved difficult to quantify premature mortality rel

102 range shifts due to global change, dispersal has proved difficult to quantify, limiting empirical und

103 actory neurobiological understanding of itch has proved difficult to reach.

104 this suggested cloud greenhouse explanation has proved difficult to replicate and has been argued to

105 The basis of this disease heterogeneity has proved difficult to resolve due to poor tumor cellul

106 This immune response has proved difficult to restore by therapeutic vaccinati

107 However, it has proved difficult to separate the role of raised chlo

108 stable, both genetically and physically, but has proved difficult to study.

109 e to cancer-causing mutations; however, this has proved difficult to test because the identity of mos

110 s also vary between individual cells, but it has proved difficult to track cell lineages along the gr

111 is poorly treated by current therapies as it has proved difficult to treat the underlying inflammatio

112 It has proved difficult to understand how these factors inf

113 the cytoplasmic-open state is known, but it has proved difficult to understand the transport mechani

114 However, it has proved difficult to visualize and genetically probe

115 g electron transfer in purified proteins, it has proved difficult to wire into proteins within their

116 ly exploited for prokaryotic genome analysis have proved difficult to apply to eukaryotes, however, a

117 icultural transition, although these changes have proved difficult to characterize at a global scale.

118 ts, but have been largely overlooked as they have proved difficult to culture in the laboratory.

119 n cognitive function in postmenopausal women have proved difficult to define.

120 that induce class I-restricted CTL responses have proved difficult to design.

121 But extremely cool white dwarfs have proved difficult to detect, owing to both their fai

122 ically useful n-type semiconductor materials have proved difficult to develop, reflecting the unfavou

123 accurate predictions and effective solutions have proved difficult to formulate.

124 worldwide, and yet coral bacterial pathogens have proved difficult to identify because 16S rRNA gene

125 iants involved in the pathogenesis of asthma have proved difficult to identify by candidate gene asso

126 e constituents in plants that promote health have proved difficult to identify with certainty.

127 s, but the physiologically relevant pathways have proved difficult to identify.

128 logical function, but Brachyury target genes have proved difficult to identify.

129 cluding extensive mutagenesis and screening, have proved difficult to implement.

130 cated in inflammation, such cells themselves have proved difficult to isolate and characterize.

131 , genomic resources of avian haemosporidians have proved difficult to obtain, and they have, as a res

132 peutic potential, but their editing outcomes have proved difficult to predict and their editing effic

133 lving spatially heterogeneous reactions that have proved difficult to resolve with existing technique

134 in the angiosperm branch of the Tree of Life have proved difficult to resolve.

135 nomena related to starch gelatinization that have proved difficult to study by other means.

136 rrelated spin systems, such as spin liquids, have proved difficult to study, in part because calculat

137 ods and also enables the study of cells that have proved difficult traditionally to transfect (e.g. t

138 ining the climatological significance of SIP has proved difficult using existing observational method

139 hates under plausible early Earth conditions has proved difficult, with the incorporation of phosphor