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2 These epigenetic alterations affect mainly heterochromatic and bivalent regions and provide possibl
3 eloped an in vivo single DSB system for both heterochromatic and euchromatic loci in Drosophila melan
5 contrast to theories that Y chromosomes are heterochromatic and gene poor, the mouse MSY is 99.9% eu
7 euchromatic and intronic regions compared to heterochromatic and intergenic regions, respectively, an
8 D. melanogaster revealed previously unknown heterochromatic and telomeric transition sequences, and
9 somes are gene-poor, repeat-rich and largely heterochromatic and therefore represent a difficult targ
12 Conversely, repair in regions classified as "heterochromatic" and "repressed" was relatively low at e
13 egions of the genome (genic, intergenic, and heterochromatic) and at different distances ( approximat
14 the Drosophila Y chromosome is degenerated, heterochromatic, and contains few genes, increasing evid
19 are characterized by a lack or reduction of heterochromatic CHH methylation and enrichment of CHH me
20 (ORs) genes requires the formation of large heterochromatic chromatin domains that sequester the OR
21 ditionally, PELP1 positively correlates with heterochromatic chromatin marks and negatively correlate
23 r show that silenced clusters associate with heterochromatic chromosomal domains toward the periphery
24 s from new juxtapositions of euchromatic and heterochromatic chromosomal regions, and manifests as st
26 We show that Rhino binds specifically to the heterochromatic clusters that produce piRNA precursors,
27 v) increase in the number of pericentromeric heterochromatic clusters; and (v) increase in the freque
28 atin and heterochromatin, which implies that heterochromatic compaction does not reduce MNase accessi
29 ns that switched from the euchromatic to the heterochromatic compartment during neutrophil differenti
30 tion involved genomic regions located in the heterochromatic compartment in both progenitors and neut
31 for the concept that induced changes to the heterochromatic component of the genome are coincident w
32 tem, identifying certain endogenous genes in heterochromatic contexts as privileged while foreign DNA
36 orylation of S824 is necessary for repair of heterochromatic DNA lesions and similar to cells express
37 show that lack of histone H1, which elevates heterochromatic DNA methylation in somatic tissues, does
38 X RELATED PROTEIN 5 and 6 (ATXR5/6) regulate heterochromatic DNA replication and genome stability.
40 affold for the anchoring of highly condensed heterochromatic DNA to the nuclear envelope, thereby est
44 this prediction, we found that shortening a heterochromatic domain in Saccharomyces had no impact on
46 dary elements at the edges of a 20-kb silent heterochromatic domain where nucleosomes are methylated
47 of asymmetric tetramer inheritance within a heterochromatic domain would have the potential to desta
52 Two recent papers in Nature propose that heterochromatic domains are organized into phase-separat
55 n efficiency of origins in late-replicating, heterochromatic domains is only 25% lower than in early-
56 itioning of chromosomes into euchromatic and heterochromatic domains requires mechanisms that specify
58 corporated macroH2A retargets the same large heterochromatic domains where macroH2A was already enric
59 This model makes a prediction that shorter heterochromatic domains would experience unbalanced tetr
60 ro- and euchromatin: H1 is necessary to form heterochromatic domains yet dispensable for silencing of
61 in firing time, including that of origins in heterochromatic domains, was established in late G1 phas
62 ns between both constitutive and facultative heterochromatic domains, with the strongest interactions
66 A enzymatic activity is required to relocate heterochromatic double-strand breaks outside the domain,
68 oral kinetics and pathway utilization during heterochromatic DSB repair depend on dKDM4A-dependent de
70 hful homologous recombination (HR) repair of heterochromatic DSBs relies on the relocalization of DSB
71 hought to be the main pathway used to repair heterochromatic DSBs, direct tests of this hypothesis ar
74 orylation (pKAP-1) and CHD3.1 dispersal from heterochromatic DSBs; however, how heterochromatin compa
76 may contribute to adaptation of genes to the heterochromatic environment and, hence, facilitate the e
79 are strongly correlated with euchromatic and heterochromatic epigenetic histone modifications, respec
84 e performed whole-genome analyses of several heterochromatic features: dimethylation of lysine 9 and
86 -wavelength fundus autofluorescence [AF] and heterochromatic flicker photometry [HFP]), and serum con
87 POD) measured noninvasively using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry and blood samples gen
90 juvenile sharks, made using single flash and heterochromatic flicker photometry under conditions of d
93 l layers characterizes senescence-associated heterochromatic foci (SAHF) formation in human fibroblas
97 ne H2A, is a marker of senescence-associated heterochromatic foci that synergizes with DNA methylatio
98 decreased H3K9 dimethylation, dispersion of heterochromatic foci, and derepression of MET-2 targets.
99 s, the repaired MeCP2 protein is enriched in heterochromatic foci, reflecting restoration of normal M
103 nd its binding partner E2FA are recruited to heterochromatic gammaH2AX-labelled DNA damage foci in an
105 e delete this trigger, dramatically altering heterochromatic gene silencing and chromatin architectur
106 ons outside of DNA replication, including in heterochromatic gene silencing and telomere maintenance.
107 he repetitive rDNA arrays are thought to use heterochromatic gene silencing as a mechanism for metabo
110 y partially dependent on known components of heterochromatic gene silencing, implying that a distinct
112 T cells revealed DNA hypomethylation in the heterochromatic genomic compartment, as well as reactiva
113 neutrophil genomes were highly enriched for heterochromatic genomic interactions across vast genomic
114 Ms by analyzing histone H3 purified from the heterochromatic germline micronucleus of the model organ
116 incident with the presence of high levels of heterochromatic H3 lysine nine trimethylation (H3K9me3).
120 ectopic alphoid DNA integration site removed heterochromatic H3K9me3 modification and was sufficient
122 of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methylation, a heterochromatic histone mark, from immediate early and l
126 the literature around the role of the major heterochromatic histone methyltransferase Suv39h1 in the
128 ation H3K9ac and a corresponding increase in heterochromatic histone modification H3K9me3 at the LMP2
132 and mitosis, the contribution and extent of heterochromatic histone posttranslational modifications
135 drive system that transforms typically inert heterochromatic knobs into centromere-like domains (neoc
137 rnal structure of seven centromeres and five heterochromatic knobs, showing that the major tandem rep
138 lncRNA transcription in both euchromatic and heterochromatic lncRNA-based gene silencing processes.
139 is recruited by the ATF/CREB homolog Atf1 to heterochromatic loci and promoters of stress-response ge
141 In Arabidopsis, clustering of repetitive heterochromatic loci into so-called chromocenters is an
142 osons for silencing, but not the specialized heterochromatic loci that produce piRNA precursors.
143 NAs were concentrated at a smaller number of heterochromatic loci throughout the genome, especially a
144 that Fft3 suppresses turnover of histones at heterochromatic loci to facilitate epigenetic transmissi
145 sed copies of mating-type information at the heterochromatic loci, HMLalpha and HMRa, which are locat
151 9me3 chromatin complex lies at the center of heterochromatic macromolecular assemblies and mediates m
152 ple model for the mitotic inheritance of the heterochromatic mark H3K27me1 and the protection of H3.3
155 ions and gene bodies marked by a facultative heterochromatic mark, which could explain the observed b
157 omatin specifically and acts in synergy with heterochromatic marks H3K9me2 and DNA methylation to mai
158 ) genomes are associated with the repressive heterochromatic marks H3K9me2/me3 and H3K27me3 during la
160 d to protect active chromatin from acquiring heterochromatic marks, such as dimethylated histone H3K9
166 ent inactive X chromosome (Xi) enriched with heterochromatic modifications and XIST/Xist RNA, which e
169 deletions that altered the distance between heterochromatic NDRs revealed a striking oscillatory rel
170 vation led to the unrestrained expression of heterochromatic noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that in turn tri
171 systematically altering the distance between heterochromatic nucleosome-depleted regions (NDRs), whic
172 tion complex on the neo-X and those becoming heterochromatic on the neo-Y show little overlap, possib
173 mark may be important for maintaining proper heterochromatic organization and, possibly, chromosome f
175 the number of crossovers between markers in heterochromatic pericentric regions that underwent demet
176 matic portion of the genome and 21 Mb in the heterochromatic portion, using a whole-genome shotgun as
177 re, we gained novel functional insight about heterochromatic PTMs by analyzing histone H3 purified fr
179 ce-specifically in vitro, and localizes to a heterochromatic region in the COOLAIR promoter in vivo.
181 ne 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) is abundant in non-heterochromatic regions across all developmental stages.
183 fluorescent staining pattern, with unstained heterochromatic regions and a banded distribution along
184 brid incompatibilities in Drosophila involve heterochromatic regions and factors that interact with t
185 und that transcripts of many genes native to heterochromatic regions and TEs increased with age in fl
189 sites of transcription; however, as not all heterochromatic regions are equally active in transcript
190 d modelling suggest that attractions between heterochromatic regions are essential for the phase sepa
193 genome assembly correspond to multi-megabase heterochromatic regions composed primarily of two relate
195 range interactions such as those among small heterochromatic regions embedded in euchromatic arms.
196 ed chromosome arms while it was inhibited in heterochromatic regions encompassing pericentromeric DNA
197 aled that sequences located within different heterochromatic regions have distinct properties, such a
198 enomic landscape of histone modifications in heterochromatic regions have revealed histone H3 lysine
199 st size of centromeres and their surrounding heterochromatic regions impede studies of genomic variat
200 lex incorporates the histone variant H3.3 at heterochromatic regions in a replication-independent man
206 mulation of H2A.Z genome-wide, especially at heterochromatic regions normally H2A.Z-depleted in wild-
207 epeated DNAs, or satellites, are enriched in heterochromatic regions of eukaryotic genomes and contri
215 slow kinetics, including those localizing to heterochromatic regions or harboring additional lesions
216 ion is lost and is only restored in specific heterochromatic regions that have maintained competence
218 f chromatin accessibility in euchromatic and heterochromatic regions under extended darkness in Arabi
219 n neurons and testes, often localized within heterochromatic regions, and important for viability.
220 he transcriptionally inert, late-replicating heterochromatic regions, including the constitutive hete
222 tromeric regions, even including some of the heterochromatic regions, which are not present in gold s
223 uracil in the late replicating constitutive heterochromatic regions, while drug treatment induced a
224 sperm cells, 24-nt siRNAs were spread across heterochromatic regions, while in egg cells, 24-nt siRNA
236 significant differences in the stability of heterochromatic repression between various environmental
237 pression in human myeloid progenitors causes heterochromatic repression of NFI-A gene and channels gr
239 netic assay reveals that transient losses of heterochromatic repression, a heritable form of gene sil
240 show sporadic waves of silencing loss in the heterochromatic ribosomal DNA during the early phases of
241 and Keller et al. show distinct outcomes for heterochromatic RNAs that bind different chromodomain pr
242 ings reveal a new pathway for degradation of heterochromatic RNAs with essential roles in heterochrom
243 to heterochromatin, lead to accumulation of heterochromatic RNAs, and block spreading of H3K9me and
244 tion in differentiated cells, where it binds heterochromatic satellite repeats and chromocenters.
245 lication-where replication of constitutively heterochromatic satellite sequences is delayed-extends S
246 evance, including the preferred locations of heterochromatic satellites of different chromosomes, and
247 adults, suggesting that desilencing of many heterochromatic segments of the genome contributes to st
249 to position unmapped Drosophila melanogaster heterochromatic sequence to specific chromosomal regions
252 ork confirms that this important but elusive heterochromatic sex chromosome is evolving extremely rap
255 ained both by transposons to evade long-term heterochromatic silencing and by their hosts for genome
256 , intergenic transcriptional enhancers evade heterochromatic silencing and converge into interchromos
257 tiotemporal transcription factor coordinates heterochromatic silencing and male germline maturation.
258 TRX, are required for H3.3 incorporation and heterochromatic silencing at telomeres, pericentromeres,
259 that Spt6 is required for multiple steps in heterochromatic silencing by controlling chromatin, tran
260 iquitinase (DUB) Ubp10 is thought to promote heterochromatic silencing by maintaining low H2B-Ub at s
262 a challenge to SIR complex-mediated de novo heterochromatic silencing due to the presence of antagon
263 ARID1 in the generative cell causes reduced heterochromatic silencing in both bicellular and mature
266 regions and variant gene expression based on heterochromatic silencing is observed only in some genes
269 of Dos1 identifies key residues required for heterochromatic silencing, consistent with Dos1's role a
270 Surprisingly, even though qrf is needed for heterochromatic silencing, induction of qrf initially pr
276 As (miRNAs), trans-acting siRNAs (tasiRNAs), heterochromatic siRNAs (hc-siRNAs) populations and their
279 However, non-templated nucleotides in plant heterochromatic siRNAs have not been deeply studied, esp
282 leaching measurements, which showed that, at heterochromatic sites, wild-type HELLS is very dynamic,
283 that the majority of the genome exists in a heterochromatic state defined by inaccessible chromatin
286 NA pathway components are abundant, with the heterochromatic state subsequently propagated by chromat
287 gh level of DNA polymorphisms and from their heterochromatic state, notably their dense DNA methylati
288 er of repeat copies can nucleate a transient heterochromatic state, which, on longer repeat arrays, m
291 t function of H3.3 is to support chromosomal heterochromatic structures, thus maintaining genome inte
296 RNAs derive from dual-strand piRNA clusters, heterochromatic transposon graveyards that are transcrib