ライフサイエンスコーパス: high-voltage

1 retical transition-metal redox-capacity at a high voltage.

2 erial exhibits a negative Poisson's ratio at high voltage.

3 nerated by pulsing a flow carrying needle to high voltage.

4 e compounds without resorting to excessively high voltage.

5 ation requires low-ionic strength medium and high voltage.

6 h a potentiostat floated at the electrospray high voltage.

7 ion of exposed cells after several pulses of high voltage.

8 ological neovessels generate extraordinarily high voltage.

9 materials with electrolytes that operate at high voltages.

10 h the electrodes are exposed to corrosion by high voltages.

11 n of the magnetic easy axis for sufficiently high voltages.

12 na reactor energized by +dc, -dc, or +pulsed high voltage..

13 uents, electrophoresis could be performed at high voltages (20-25 V/cm), reducing run times by up to

14 monstrate that this material is suitable for high-voltage (3.5 V) operation in non-aqueous organic el

15 tube in which pure helium gas is ionized by high voltage (4 kV) and high frequency (6 kHz).

16 of ionized helium gas that is produced by a high-voltage (8 kV) and high-frequency (6 kHz) power sup

17 ss spectrometry (MS) eliminates the need for high voltage, a heat source, lasers, and compressed gase

18 new ionization method that does not require high voltages, a laser beam, or applied heat and depends

19 Rem2 inhibits high voltage activated calcium channels, is involved in

20 High-voltage activated Ca channels participate in multip

21 We show that high-voltage activated Ca(2+) channels are regulated by

22 cluding Rem2, mediate profound inhibition of high-voltage activated Ca(2+) channels containing intrac

23 zation rearing depressed multiple classes of high-voltage activated Ca(2+) current.

24 e than for activation of co-expressed BK and high-voltage activated CaV2.2 channels.

25 Thus, endogenous membrane PIP(2) supports high-voltage activated L-, N-, and P/Q-type Ca(2+) chann

26 harmacologically, revealing all of the major high-voltage activated subtypes: L-, N-, P/Q-, and R-typ

27 ivated and CF-EPSPs activate P/Q-type VGCCs, high-voltage activated VGKCs, and BK channels, leading t

28 small GTP-binding proteins potently inhibits high voltage-activated (HVA) Ca(2+) channels, providing

29 ivation between -60 mV and -70 mV as well as high voltage-activated (HVA) current with an activation

30 nactivating Kv3.4 channels underlie a robust high voltage-activated A-type K(+) current (I(AHV)) in n

31 The beta subunit of high voltage-activated Ca(2+) (Ca(v)) channels targets t

32 he transport and physiological properties of high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channel complexes.

33 nd several of its analogs directly stimulate high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels (HVACCs) in acute

34 GTPase Rem is a potent negative regulator of high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels and a known inter

35 g the role of Ca(v)beta in RGK inhibition of high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels and prompt a para

36 ry effects of L-arginine on evoked EPSCs and high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels expressed in HEK2

37 We have shown previously that NO inhibits high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels in primary sensor

38 Therefore, Ca(v)3.3 is similar to high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels in that depolariz

39 ulating the surface expression and gating of high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels through their int

40 e of S-nitrosylation in the NO regulation of high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels.

41 meric GTP-binding proteins potently inhibits high voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels.

42 High voltage-activated calcium channels (HVACCs) are ess

43 ates with the alpha1 pore-forming subunit of high voltage-activated calcium channels and modulates se

44 Besides opening and closing, high voltage-activated calcium channels transit to a non

45 nteraction site (synprint) found in synaptic high voltage-activated calcium channels.

46 rd current flowing during the shoulder, with high voltage-activated calcium current also contributing

47 This glycine response reduced high voltage-activated calcium current.

48 the selective effect of gamma(6) on LVA and high voltage-activated calcium currents in vivo.

49 imately 40%), especially near threshold, and high voltage-activated calcium currents much less (appro

50 Like other high voltage-activated Cav channels, Cav1.4 channels are

51 R-type high voltage-activated channels inactivate fully in a fe

52 rrent with a potential contribution from the high voltage-activated component at more depolarized pot

53 a(V)2.1 and other Ca(V)2 channels, including high voltage-activated currents that are larger in exter

54 of the cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium (high voltage-activated) channel with accessory proteins

55 that was attributable to calcium influx via high-voltage-activated (HVA) (N- and P/Q-type) calcium c

56 GnRH neurons express prominent high-voltage-activated (HVA) and small low-voltage-activ

57 While both ON and OFF cells express high-voltage-activated (HVA) Ca(2+) channels, only OFF R

58 ons is thought to be mediated exclusively by high-voltage-activated (HVA) Ca(2+) channels.

59 depolarizing steps (> or =20 ms) that evoked high-voltage-activated (HVA) Ca(2+) currents (I(Ca)) and

60 Mutations in several genes for high-voltage-activated (HVA) Ca2+ channel subunits are l

61 High-voltage-activated (HVA) calcium channels represent

62 ecorded both low-voltage-activated (LVA) and high-voltage-activated (HVA) calcium current (I(Ca)).

63 ng voltage-gated Ca2+ channel subunits alter high-voltage-activated (HVA) calcium currents, impair ne

64 neurons, NPY application reversibly reduced high-voltage-activated (HVA) currents to 33 +/- 5 % (n =

65 controlled by calcium (Ca(2)(+)) influx via high-voltage-activated (HVA), Ca(v)2, channels ("N-, P/Q

66 ed both accelerated inactivation kinetics of high-voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels and a modest upre

67 ared how specific subtypes of human neuronal high-voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels were affected by

68 Unlike high-voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels, the inhibition o

69 is mainly regulated by subtypes of neuronal high-voltage-activated Ca(2+) channels.

70 ase indeed requires activation of Na(v)s and high-voltage-activated Ca(2+)-channels (HVACCs), but als

71 rize the membrane and induce Ca2+ influx via high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels (I(HVA)).

72 High-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels are essential for d

73 High-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels regulate diverse fu

74 ubunits is obligatory for forming functional high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels, yet the structural

75 High-voltage-activated calcium (Ca(V) 1/Ca(V) 2) channel

76 Inhibiting high-voltage-activated calcium channels (HVACCs; Ca(V)1/

77 rons had lower baclofen-evoked inhibition of high-voltage-activated calcium channels and a defective

78 High-voltage-activated calcium channels are hetero-oligo

79 L-type high-voltage-activated calcium channels are involved in

80 ed calcium currents arising from preexisting high-voltage-activated calcium channels without affectin

81 plitude of currents arising from preexisting high-voltage-activated calcium channels.

82 tors further, we show that baclofen inhibits high-voltage-activated calcium currents in granule cells

83 betagamma-dependent inhibition of non-L-type high-voltage-activated channels of the Ca(v)2 family.

84 ials, which usually permit Ca influx through high-voltage-activated channels.

85 hese data suggest that Kv3.4 and Cav1.2, two high-voltage-activated ion channels, may act together to

86 High-voltage-activated KV3.1b and KV2.2 were expressed i

87 intracellular calcium transients mediated by high-voltage-activated L-type calcium channels.

88 its therapeutic effect primarily by blocking high-voltage-activated L-type calcium channels.

89 receptor (nAChR) subtype and an inhibitor of high-voltage-activated N-type calcium channel currents.

90 electroencepholagram (EEG) pattern in which high-voltage activity alternates with isoelectric quiesc

91 In addition to upgrading the capacity of high-voltage alternating current (HVAC) lines, we identi

92 The TEG provides high-voltage alternating electric output, which fits in

93 soft ionization source, a modulation of the high-voltage amplitude and duty cycle can lead to optimi

94 ign of conventional redox flow batteries and high voltage and energy efficiency of Li-ion batteries,

95 r is usually actuated by a power source with high voltage and frequency.

96 (0.03), made by standard Si processing, with high voltage and power generation densities that are com

97 ed with covalent S-Au bonds are robust under high voltage and their rupture does not demonstrate bias

98 This optimization involved the removal of high voltage and use of pure water as a spray solvent in

99 ly limited by the inferior performance under high voltages and challenging temperatures.

100 ld and operate without the use of heaters or high voltages and is compatible with any MALDI probe for

101 served with small DNAs and RNAs (10-100 bp): high voltages and short run times produced sharper bands

102 a(+), which makes it difficult to identify a high-voltage and high-capacity intercalation cathode hos

103 the fabrication of supercapacitor arrays for high-voltage applications.

104 ly to shield the sensor electronics from the high voltages applied during the separation.

105 ectrochemical stability window, facilitating high voltage aqueous cells.

106 However, present attempts to run FCDI at high voltages are unsatisfactory because of the instabil

107 There is a high voltage associated with oxidation of O(2-) during t

108 palladium decoupler was used to isolate the high voltages associated with electrophoresis from micro

109 This study examined high voltage atmospheric cold plasma (HVACP) technology

110 uman body, showing an "anti-aging" effect in high-voltage battery cycling and successfully stopping t

111 trometry (NAIMS) is described, which applies high voltage between a tungsten nanotip and a metal plat

112 ity and rupture of molecular junctions under high voltage bias at the single molecule/single bond lev

113 g-induced convulsions (HIC) or abnormal EEG (high-voltage "brief spindle episodes" (BSE)) activity.

114 SD significantly reduced the percentage of high-voltage BSWS (on average to 14% of baseline) and RE

115 High-voltage BSWS and the amount of SWS in each hemisphe

116 uppressions' lasting seconds or minutes, and high-voltage 'bursts'.

117 The nanocomposites have outstanding high-voltage capacitive energy storage capabilities at r

118 e oxidative decomposition of electrolytes at high voltage cathode materials of Li-ion batteries.

119 ithium metal anode, garnet electrolyte and a high-voltage cathode by applying the newly developed int

120 Here, a high-voltage cathode composed of Na3 V2 (PO4 )2 O2 F nan

121 y reductive lithium (Li) metal anode and the high-voltage cathode for long-life, high-energy-density

122 olyte system permits standardized methods of high-voltage cathode testing that uses a typical coin ce

123 ompatible with both lithium metal anodes and high voltage cathodes, and can be regulated by manipulat

124 etal anodes, solid polymer electrolytes, and high-voltage cathodes represent promising candidates for

125 nstable above 4 V, which prevents the use of high-voltage cathodes that promise higher energy densiti

126 o 3 to 4 volts, making it possible to couple high-voltage cathodes with low-potential graphite anodes

127 /K(+)) which enables good compatibility with high-voltage cathodes.

128 demonstrated that the anodization of GCE at high voltage causes activation of its surface and the fo

129 The portable MOA instrument integrates high voltage CE power supplies, pneumatic controls, and

130 t cathode without electrolyte oxidation in a high-voltage cell during the charge process.

131 f the electrode/electrolyte interface during high-voltage cell operation.

132 ng and suppressing the structure collapse at high voltage charge.

133 theoretically compatible with the low-cost, high-voltage chemistry of Zn/graphite batteries.

134 er electrolytes to fully tap the capacity of high-voltage Co-based hydroxysulfates, and to theorists

135 d through distinct signaling pathways as the high-voltage component is abolished by the phosphoinosit

136 ced current is composed of separate low- and high-voltage components that include the activation of a

137 table and robust systems for EME operated at high voltage/current and for EME performed in narrow cha

138 ter cracking related degradation and improve high-voltage cyclability of layered cathodes.

139 capacity fading and impedance buildup under high-voltage cycling conditions, as well as the first-cy

140 ry cathode materials, causing unsatisfactory high-voltage cycling performance.

141 agranular cracks is directly associated with high-voltage cycling, an electrochemically driven and di

142 s tend to segregate into the Na-layer during high-voltage cycling, leading to the formation of high-d

143 ESA-MS by electroporation using a home-built high-voltage device designed to lyse cells grown in colo

144 However, the conventional high voltage devices in inverters have to be built on th

145 romagnetic field (EMF) emissions of a subsea high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission cable fo

146 situations in which conversion from HVAC to high-voltage direct current (HVDC) is the least-cost str

147 The high voltage discharge generated by electric eels is a p

148 ative to APCI corona needle discharge or ESI high voltage discharge when flammable solvents (e.g., he

149 ugh a series of experiments, I show that eel high-voltage discharges can activate prey motor neurons,

150 the replicate measurements in the studies of high-voltage effects.

151 e use of noble metal electrodes, the need of high-voltage electric field, and/or discontinuous separa

152 We report here that a single 10 ns high-voltage electric pulse can permeabilize lipid vesic

153 e processed by pulsed electric fields (PEF), high voltage electrical discharges (HVED) and ultrasound

154 traction kinetics and yields of polyphenols, high voltage electrical discharges (HVED) were used as a

155 ctric energy (pulsed electric fields, PEF or high voltage electrical discharges, HVED) of nutritional

156 Successful applications of WCu alloys in high voltage electrical switches require their high stre

157 the case of a 52-year-old man who suffered a high-voltage electrical burn requiring amputation of his

158 Presence of severe burns (common in high-voltage electrical injury), myocardial necrosis, th

159 This review summarizes the use of high-voltage electrical pulses (HVEPs) in clinical oncol

160 on carries several drawbacks associated with high-voltage electrical pulses and heterogeneous treatme

161 ation due to redox reactions of water at the high-voltage electrode is outside of the separation capi

162 Most use platinum electrodes and operate at high voltages, electrolyzing water.

163 We used high-voltage electron microscopy to characterize Golgi-s

164 mately 6-nm resolution by means of dual-axis high-voltage electron tomography of high-pressure frozen

165 Here, we use high-voltage electron tomography to study the centrosome

166 nstrument design, pulse timing sequence, and high-voltage electronics together with SID spectra of MA

167 onitored by (14)C-radiolabelling followed by high-voltage electrophoresis.

168 at both the upstream ground contact and the high-voltage emitter contact in an electrospray ion sour

169 focusing operates on the basis of pulsing a high-voltage extraction field to zero, when ions are jus

170 ybrid O anion- and Co cation-redox (HACR) at high voltages facilitates intrinsic O(alpha) (-) (alpha

171 ons in the pursuit of cathode materials with high voltage, fast kinetics, and long cycling stability

172 A high voltage for CE separation is continuously applied a

173 capillary columns permit the application of high voltages for achieving rapid and effective transfer

174 efficient energy management of the generated high-voltage for practical low-voltage applications is s

175 ogic circuits, such as an NMOS inverter with high voltage gain (up to 70).

176 used to create complementary inverters with high voltage gain.

177 complementary inverter circuitry exhibiting high voltage gains (~50) and ring oscillator circuitry w

178 High voltage gains of up to 60 are obtained for compleme

179 beta-cells depends on Ca(2+) influx through high voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels (HVCCs).

180 oxylase antibodies (>1000 U/ml), and one had high voltage-gated potassium channel-complex antibody (2

181 s, we utilized a glass microfluidic chip and high voltage gradient for millisecond capillary electrop

182 ent electrodes from corrosion, when applying high voltages (>20 V(pp)) at the electrodes.

183 meter to micron range under the influence of high voltages, has been widely studied to produce polyme

184 ating parameters, including the electrospray high voltage, heated capillary temperature, solvent infu

185 understanding and mitigating degradation in high-voltage/higher-energy-density LiCoO(2)-based cells,

186 ns such as Nb(5+) and Mo(6+) show strikingly high voltage hysteresis between charge and discharge, th

187 variation in clinically measured pacing and high-voltage impedance and impedance trends as a diagnos

188 is study was to determine the association of high-voltage impedance and system implant position on ve

189 lution dielectric properties and requires no high voltages, in contrast to the more-traditional elect

190 xhibits a unitary conductance of ?160 pS and high, voltage-independent open probability.

191 CE experiments in the capillary by applying high voltages independently.

192 The NiFe/PMN-PT heterostructure exhibited a high voltage induced effective magnetic field change of

193 Here we investigated high-voltage-induced polarization and activation pattern

194 ut difficult challenges must be addressed if high-voltage intercalating cathodes are to be used in su

195 500 V and are completely absent in standard high-voltage ionization.

196 id from a highly located region, and then, a high voltage is applied to the plant to generate an elec

197 ations and the direction of rectification at high voltages is opposite to what is observed in experim

198 , A-type) and calcium low voltage T-type and high voltage L-type currents.

199 Lead fracture is a limiting factor in high voltage lead durability.

200 All-solid-state Li|LiFePO(4) and high-voltage Li|LiNi(0.8)Mn(0.1)Co(0.1)O(2) batteries wi

201 t into a method to enable the performance of high-voltage LIBs.

202 panel control of source parameters including high-voltage limit/ramp rate, emitter heating current li

203 enable prolonging the long-term cycling of a high-voltage lithium metal battery by at least twofold c

204 high-capacity layered cathode materials for high-voltage lithium-ion batteries.

205 e, phosphate, and ether) on the stability of high-voltage LMBs are systematically studied.

206 , and electrocorticographic (ECoG) activity (high voltage low frequency, HVLF, versus low voltage hig

207 e, noncardiac cells, ultrashort (nanosecond) high-voltage (megavolt-per-meter) pulsed electrical fiel

208 onstrate that alloying a high-melting-point, high-voltage metal (antimony) with a low-melting-point,

209 in the crystals during depolarization in the high voltage mode is four times higher than that for PZT

210 perable tumors which uses short (50-100 mus) high voltage monopolar pulses to disrupt the membranes o

211 work at ambient conditions and are driven by high voltages, no bulky pumping systems are needed, neit

212 dvancing age alters sleep patterns, reducing high voltage NREM sleep, sleep bout length, and delta po

213 However, the delivery of a high-voltage nsEP to cells by tungsten electrodes create

214 Analyte ions were generated by applying a high voltage on a paper substrate drenched of sample ext

215 Under high voltage operation, the current saturation appears t

216 structural stability is the key step towards high-voltage operation of layered-cathode materials.

217 the long-standing challenges associated with high-voltage operation of LiNi(x)Mn(x)Co(1-2x)O2 cathode

218 chitecture, high power consumption and risky high-voltage operation.

219 ectors often requires complex architectures, high-voltage operations, and sophisticated low-noise mea

220 (ESI) from the solid state without requiring high voltage or added heat.

221 to translocate across the membrane, even at high voltages or with a transmembrane pH gradient.

222 It often requires heating, applying high voltages, or using lasers with short wavelengths or

223 ed battery is successfully discharged with a high voltage output.

224 Using high-voltage paper electrophoresis, we showed that addit

225 his approach can also be used to improve the high-voltage performance of other batteries in a broad t

226 ered oxides, high-voltage spinel oxides, and high-voltage polyanionic compounds.

227 iew gives an account of the various emerging high-voltage positive electrode materials that have the

228 simple pressure control rather than complex high voltage power supplies, sieving matrices, and wall

229 res neither cumbersome, expensive optics nor high voltage power supplies.

230 us widespread way to add new generators to a high-voltage power grid is by a simple tree-like connect

231 association between residential distance to high-voltage power lines and neurodegenerative diseases,

232 or sensing and powering the PCR reactor, and high-voltage power supplies for conducting CE separation

233 Programmable high-voltage power supplies provide bidirectional curren

234 ary isoelectric focusing but uses additional high-voltage power supplies to provide control over the

235 of a microchip, microchip holder, two 0-8-kV high-voltage power supplies, a high-voltage switch, a so

236 ssay stages are programmably controlled by a high-voltage power supply and monitored by an epifluores

237 Miniaturized, battery-powered, high-voltage power supply, electrochemical (EC) detectio

238 High-voltage power transmission in electrical grids requ

239 This new degree of control, and the high voltages produced, may find application in optoelec

240 Upon application of a high voltage pulse to the electrode, an electrostatic ch

241 Here, we demonstrate that high voltage pulse widths as narrow as 100 ns with a pul

242 e ('T-jump') up to 37 degrees C by passing a high-voltage pulse (40 kHz AC, 0.15 ms duration) through

243 equired a faster data acquisition system and high-voltage pulse electronics, together with a novel st

244 The mechanism of high-voltage pulse-induced permeabilization of the strat

245 Electroporation of cells with short, high-voltage pulses causes a transient permeabilization

246 er cell membranes created by applying short, high-voltage pulses in tumors enables high calcium influ

247 ng eels emit electricity in volleys of 1 ms, high-voltage pulses.

248 They then deliver volleys of high-voltage pulses.

249 ransfected into retinal explants in vitro by high-voltage pulses.

250 Overall, nanosecond high-voltage pulsing can be used to significantly improv

251 uctance in the low-voltage range, and in the high-voltage range, a Ca(2+)-dependent component.

252 Mg-FPB electrolyte was applied to assemble a high voltage, rechargeable Mg/MnO(2) battery with a disc

253 ygen gas at the cathode is supplanted by the high-voltage reduction of cerium ammonium nitrate.

254 ing (low-voltage) and sequential-tunnelling (high-voltage) regimes.

255 Because the high voltages required for ESI and APCI were independent

256 istics of existing technologies, such as the high voltages required to trigger electroactive polymers

257 ere are no moving parts, no rapid changes to high voltages requiring additional control electronics,

258 RhoVR-Halo dyes maintain high voltage sensitivities-up to 34% DeltaF/F per 100 mV

259 n and emission profiles of >560 nm, displays high voltage sensitivity (>30% Delta F/ F per 100 mV), a

260 -photon (1P) illumination, RVF5 demonstrates high voltage sensitivity (28% DeltaF/F per 100 mV) and i

261 transfer as a voltage-sensing trigger offer high voltage sensitivity and fast-response kinetics, but

262 In contrast, cardioversion uses a single high-voltage shock to terminate AF reliably, but the vol

263 Exposure of biological cells to high-voltage, short-duration electric pulses causes a tr

264 erent polarity cycles in the DB electrospray high voltage signal and the triggering of it to an outpu

265 Here it is shown that electric eels use high-voltage simultaneously as a weapon and for precise

266 sions of the PB complex produce a monotonous high-voltage, slow-wave EEG and eliminate spontaneous be

267 toward solid-state polymer electrolytes for high-voltage solid-state batteries.

268 ration that uses relay switching of a single high-voltage source.

269 riable-duration oscillations and repetitive, high-voltage spikes have been recorded in the electrocor

270 dorsal/lateral striatal neurons entrained to high-voltage spindle oscillations ("spike wave discharge

271 -voltage spindles, it is not correlated with high-voltage spindles, indicating that despite their sim

272 uding K-complexes, low-voltage spindles, and high-voltage spindles.

273 disordered phase in the lattice structure of high voltage spinel, and its effect on the charge transp

274 layered oxides, lithium-rich layered oxides, high-voltage spinel oxides, and high-voltage polyanionic

275 As a high-voltage spinel, LiNi(0.5)Mn(1.5)O(4) (LNMO) is a pr

276 ide a fundamental strategy for extending the high voltage stability of ether-based electrolytes to po

277 Under high voltage stress, a burst of extremely high luminance

278 r, two 0-8-kV high-voltage power supplies, a high-voltage switch, a solid-state diode-pumped green la

279 icacy is associated with system position and high-voltage system impedance.

280 an event where the device failed to deliver high-voltage therapy.

281 However, after being cycled at high voltages, these single-crystal materials exhibit se

282 monstrate a Magnesium Zinc Oxide (MZO) based high voltage thin film transistor (HVTFT) built on a tra

283 r the spiral ganglion, in agreement with the high voltage threshold measured in the spiral process.

284 lso, solid-state Li batteries can operate at high voltage, thus, producing high power density.

285 Electrospray deposition (ESD) applies a high voltage to liquids flowing through narrow capillari

286 They use high voltage to track [2] and control [3] prey, as well

287 cess that allows for the application of very high voltages to microfabricated devices in general and

288 s was used to distribute the electrophoresis high-voltage to all reservoirs situated on the fluidic c

289 Here we use in situ ultra-high voltage transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to d

290 stem, both Se and Se(x)S(y) can be cycled to high voltages (up to 4.6 V) without failure.

291 ating is stable for a number of hours at the high voltages used for nanoelectrospray ionization and i

292 fast muscle contraction, suggesting that eel high-voltage volleys have been selected to most efficien

293 st a threatening conductor while discharging high-voltage volleys.

294 High voltage was applied across both capillaries so that

295 When a high voltage was applied for CE separation, a sharp pH g

296 When high voltage was applied to the concentration capillary

297 In conventional DBDI, a high frequency and high voltage waveform with pulse widths of ~50 mus (and

298 and potentially other ion sources involving high voltage waveforms.

299 fficiency and/or cell viability due to their high voltage, while the emerging microfluidic electropor

300 estination.Water is usually not favorable in high-voltage window aprotic electrolytes.