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1 to the adoption of tools by early stone-age hominins.
2 odes of interbreeding with other Paleolithic hominins.
3 humans and Neanderthals diverged from other hominins.
4 utatively introgressed variants from archaic hominins.
5 ation of adjacent cortical regions of fossil hominins.
6 e on the earliest European Acheulean-bearing hominins.
7 namics and evolution of weaning practices in hominins.
8 Neanderthals, Denisovans and possibly other hominins.
9 deciduous premolars and permanent molars) in hominins.
10 e hunting or scavenging debate amongst early hominins.
11 hat early hominins were as speciose as later hominins.
12 volution, including that of our own lineage, hominins.
13 te picture of feeding adaptations in extinct hominins.
14 four primary postcanine teeth in the row for hominins.
15 a critical element in the dietary ecology of hominins.
16 ar benefits in other mammals including early hominins.
17 hological synapomorphies of African apes and hominins.
18 ods-complicating dietary inferences of early hominins.
19 means for assessing late maturation in early hominins.
20 these are absent on the teeth of most early hominins.
21 be reflected in robust adaptations in fossil hominins.
22 l Elefante-TE9 and Gran Dolina-TD6 Atapuerca hominins (1.2-0.8 million years ago - Myr) as compared w
26 ard significant consumption of C(4) foods in hominins after this divergence has emerged as a landmark
27 dern human-like bipedalism first appeared in hominins, all known South African hominins show morpholo
32 eting the palaeoenvironments occupied by our hominin ancestors; and also for evaluating the volcanic
33 cause it marks the appearance of both fossil hominins ancestral to the later Neandertals and the Ache
34 vide a new tool to assess the diet of fossil hominins and associated fauna, as well as trophic relati
35 values against delta(13)C values for several hominins and co-existing primates in the Turkana Basin a
36 V58 variants may have coevolved with archaic hominins and dispersed across the planet through host in
37 oncerning the dietary adaptations of archaic hominins and early Homo has been fuelled by contradictor
38 ggest that large CNVs originating in archaic hominins and introgressed into modern humans have played
39 ing vertebra, also occurs in all other early hominins and is higher than in most humans or extant ape
41 natomically modern humans, extinct Denisovan hominins and mice revealed a TNFAIP3 allelic series with
44 tially drier phases, during which fossils of hominins and other fossils accumulated in open caves.
45 ion of the curvature parameter among extinct hominins and show that a human-like transverse arch was
46 posed to explain the origin of bipedalism in hominins and suspension in great apes (hominids); howeve
48 oportion of ancestry from an unknown extinct hominin, and this ancestry is absent from Europeans and
49 one of the best-preserved skulls of a fossil hominin, and was initially designated as the type specim
50 data from primates including humans, fossil hominins, and a wide sample of fossil primates including
51 latory architecture between AMHs and archaic hominins, and provide an avenue for exploring phenotypic
52 is could suggest that the motivations behind hominin anthropophagy may not have been purely nutrition
54 d functional morphological analyses of early hominins are compatible with consumption of hard foods,
56 ) skull has revealed the most complete early hominin atlas yet found, having been cemented by breccia
58 tW 573 atlas, along with other less complete hominin atlases from Sterkfontein (StW 679) and Hadar (A
60 ate age at dental maturation in early fossil hominins because direct histological evidence for the ti
61 risen, it is critical to explain how ancient hominins began to produce vocalization flexibly, without
63 tudies using enamel proteomes to investigate hominin biology across the existence of the genus Homo.
64 suggests that the evolutionary precursor of hominin bipedalism was African ape-like terrestrial quad
66 f a tooth and mitochondrial DNA from several hominin bone fragments, identified through proteomic scr
68 to reconstruct locomotor behavior in fossil hominins, but few studies have provided detailed empiric
69 at distinguishes the genus Homo from earlier hominins, but recent stable isotopic analyses of fossils
70 t the comparatively low nutritional value of hominin cannibalism episodes support more socially or cu
71 ntrast with the European record, research on hominin/carnivore interactions in Africa has primarily r
72 , Ethiopia, provides the only known complete hominin cervical and thoracic vertebral column before 60
74 mparative framework, we conclude that in the hominin clade there were probably no hard-food specialis
80 ated age at dental maturation in this fossil hominin compares well with what is known for living grea
82 date, and contextualize the discovery of two hominin crania from Drimolen Main Quarry in South Africa
83 stocene localities to have provided a fossil hominin cranium associated with Acheulean bifaces in a c
86 ensive analysis of the ecological context of hominin diet at East Turkana during a period crucial for
89 wever, the timing and geographic patterns of hominin diets in this region differ from those observed
90 d that the thoracolumbar transition in early hominins differed from that of most extant apes and huma
93 ncountering modern humans on Flores or other hominins dispersing through southeast Asia, such as Deni
94 inct shift in brain-body scaling occurred as hominins diverged from other primates, and again as huma
95 ic, and evolutionary significance of archaic hominin DNA that persists in present-day individuals.
96 mammalian DNA that often includes traces of hominin DNA, even at sites and in layers where no homini
99 sistent with the savanna hypothesis of early hominin evolution and reignite the debate on the drivers
100 malism in ancient settings and its impact on hominin evolution has not been addressed before, althoug
102 or driver of long-term ecological change and hominin evolution in eastern Africa during the Plio-Plei
103 other, has been widely practiced since early hominin evolution to increase infant survival and thrivi
104 , it follows that the vast majority of early hominin evolution transpired in the context of ecosystem
105 rogression from nonlanguage to language over hominin evolution, and in emerging sign systems today.
107 tualizing the environmental context of early hominin evolution, but the degree to which modern ecosys
108 vidence of elevated rates only much later in hominin evolution, suggesting that fast-evolving traits
113 to drier intervals, thus biases the view of hominin evolutionary history and behaviour, and places t
114 It has been suggested that bipedalism in hominins evolved from an ancestor that was a palmigrade
116 argued that in the Middle Palaeolithic (MP) hominin fire use was limited by the availability of fire
120 ose outstanding record includes the earliest hominin footprints in the world (3.66 million years old)
121 ing for preservation bias, this abundance of hominin footprints indicates repeated use of lakeshore h
125 to test due to the fragmentary nature of the hominin fossil record and the lack of methods capable of
126 n detailed carbon isotopic evidence from the hominin fossil record of the Shungura and Usno Formation
130 n of central Flores, Indonesia, have yielded hominin fossils attributed to a population ancestral to
131 rom the fossiliferous deposits show that the hominin fossils can be confidently dated to 0.64 +/- 0.0
134 ological assemblages exists, the scarcity of hominin fossils often impedes the understanding of which
135 the perceived complex geological context of hominin fossils, poor chronological resolution, and a la
137 nthropus robustus is a small-brained extinct hominin from South Africa characterized by derived, robu
138 ease and then increase in body mass in early hominins from a chimpanzee-sized LCA.The pattern of body
139 ographically and temporally dispersed fossil hominins from Asia and to understand in a coherent manne
141 l factor in the vocal communicative split of hominins from the ape background may thus have been copi
142 2)Ca iso-space being distinct from all other hominins from the Turkana Basin area as well as from the
144 Morocco, and interpret the affinities of the hominins from this site with other archaic and recent hu
145 n two feet dates back 6-7 Ma, reconstructing hominin gait evolution is complicated by a sparse fossil
147 revealed the presence of a hitherto unknown hominin group, the Denisovans(1,2), and high-coverage ge
149 the possibility of detecting the presence of hominin groups at sites and in areas where no skeletal r
150 erstanding the complex relationships between hominin groups that inhabited Eurasia in the Middle and
151 (ka) is recorded genetically by the multiple hominin groups they met and interbred with along the way
152 elationships between H. antecessor and other hominin groups, and pave the way for future studies usin
155 ogical and fossil evidence indicates archaic hominins had not spread as far as the Sahul continent (N
157 facture and use, but when and how many times hominin hands became principally manipulative remains un
158 g to the Neandertal clade, whereas the Arago hominins have been attributed to an incipient stage of N
160 cent discoveries of multiple middle Pliocene hominins have raised the possibility that early hominins
161 he putative archaic introgression of ancient hominins, have been poorly explored at the genome level.
163 demonstrate that a morphologically primitive hominin, Homo naledi, survived into the later parts of t
164 H. erectus paratype molars from 1891 are not hominin (human lineage), but instead are more likely to
165 on of those biomes will have likely affected hominin hunting behaviours because of their intermediary
166 ionary history and behaviour, and places the hominins in a community of comparatively dry-adapted fau
168 fferences between Australopithecus and later hominins in South Africa and contribute to the increasin
171 The cranial morphology of the earliest known hominins in the genus Australopithecus remains unclear.
172 gical implements manufactured and/or used by hominins in the past offers a means of assessing how pre
173 This hand use is distinct from other fossil hominins in this study, including A. afarensis and A. af
174 ge to subsequent Middle and Late Pleistocene hominins, including modern humans, Neanderthals and Deni
175 they encountered and interbred with archaic hominins, including Neanderthals and Denisovans [1, 2].
176 ortant if we are to understand the nature of hominin interaction, and aspects of their cultural and s
178 capacities of Homo sapiens relative to other hominins is a major focus for human evolutionary studies
179 ng the detailed dietary behaviour of extinct hominins is challenging(1)-particularly for a species su
180 ng is that phalangeal curvature among fossil hominins is evidently best interpreted as a primitive tr
181 Characterizing dental development in fossil hominins is important for distinguishing between them an
182 among Late Middle Pleistocene (LMP) African hominins is largely unknown, thus precluding the definit
183 iodental and mandibular morphology in fossil hominins is not always clear, at least in part because o
185 ests that the stone technology of east Asian hominins lacked a Levallois component during the late Mi
189 40,000 years ago, Neanderthals, the ancient hominin lineage most closely related to modern humans, i
192 ne Africa contained multiple contemporaneous hominin lineages (that is, Homo sapiens(8,9), H. heidelb
196 Further exploration led to the discovery of hominin material, now comprising 131 hominin specimens,
201 um vivax was a necessary adaptation as early hominins moved to colder areas with shorter mosquito bre
202 tudy of the archaeological remains of fossil hominins must rely on reconstructions to elucidate the b
203 Genome sequences are known for two archaic hominins-Neanderthals and Denisovans-which interbred wit
204 , inferring brain reorganization from fossil hominin neurocrania (=braincases) remains a challenge, a
206 The fossil record shows that two types of hominins occupied the region during this period-Neandert
211 e-containing variation acquired from archaic hominins or adaptive variants in specific populations-im
213 ns of C(4) dietary utilization in the robust hominin Paranthropus The results show that the most impo
217 a role in the turn-overs of hunter-gatherer hominin populations during MIS3 and at other times in th
224 hat hybridization between modern and archaic hominins provided an important reservoir of advantageous
225 rsial because of the lack either of a direct hominin radiocarbon date or of molecular confirmation of
226 omised the degree to which the South African hominin record can be used to test hypotheses of human e
227 en inferred to be from a Denisovan, an Asian hominin related to Neanderthals, on the basis of an amin
230 ntal wear processes of the earliest European hominins remain unknown because most of the academic att
231 ults of this work suggest that some of these hominin remains accumulated in the cave by geological pr
233 plant biomarkers, clustered bone debris, and hominin remains define a clear spatial pattern that plac
235 collagen fingerprinting has for identifying hominin remains in highly fragmentary archaeological ass
238 tar cave system has produced abundant fossil hominin remains within the Dinaledi Chamber, representin
242 Africa preserves a rich collection of fossil hominins representing Australopithecus, Paranthropus and
243 els lack fine-scale resolution due to fossil hominin scarcity and the time-averaged accumulation of f
244 ethod called IBDmix to identify introgressed hominin sequences, which, unlike existing approaches, do
245 ppeared in hominins, all known South African hominins show morphological adaptations to bipedalism, s
246 oldest and richest African Middle Stone Age hominin site that documents early stages of the H. sapie
247 ogical studies on Chinese Middle Pleistocene hominin sites, indicate that the time span from 600-400
248 in this lake margin environment, relative to hominin skeletal fossil frequency in the same deposits.
250 analyses of the genome of a ~34,000-year-old hominin skull cap discovered in the Salkhit Valley in no
252 taxonomic diversity is also reflected in non-hominin species and provides evidence of endemic evoluti
254 Australopithecus afarensis was not the only hominin species during the middle Pliocene, and that the
255 new fossils are recovered and the number of hominin species grows, the question of how and when the
256 ent with mammalian extinction rates, typical hominin species lifespans, the frequency of well-charact
263 scribe the age and context of the Mata Menge hominin specimens and associated archaeological findings
265 on about the behaviour and health of ancient hominin specimens, as well as a unique system that is us
266 very of hominin material, now comprising 131 hominin specimens, within a second chamber, the Lesedi C
267 in more wooded landscapes compared to later hominins such as Paranthropus and Homo, and has implicat
268 NA inherited from interbreeding with archaic hominins, such as Neandertals, yet the influence of this
269 ng divergent gene regulation between archaic hominins, such as Neanderthals, and AMH sequences, and f
270 iens, including its interbreeding with other hominins, such as Neanderthals, and the ways in which na
272 s across the skeleton not found in any other hominin taxon, which has hindered attempts to determine
277 , ultimately affecting our interpretation on hominin territoriality and energetic costs invested by h
278 metabolic costs for cerebral tissues in this hominin than have been attributed to extant humans and m
279 first record of behaviour consistent with a hominin that used its hand for both arboreal locomotion
280 och in Eurasia, such as Homo antecessor, and hominins that appear later in the fossil record during t
281 tween anatomically modern humans and extinct hominins; the development of an increasingly detailed de
282 nferred positional behaviour of the earliest hominins, thus suggesting that this morphology was proba
283 ght the complexities of dietary responses by hominins to changes in the availability of food resource
284 trogression of genetic variants from archaic hominins to humans and emerging ancient genome data sets
285 e, these results suggest that the ability of hominins to manipulate fire independent of exploitation
287 sent at Olduvai Gorge may have allowed early hominins to thermally process edible plants and meat, su
288 lumbar vertebral columns are known for early hominins, to date, no complete cervical or thoracic seri
292 in the same direction further suggest these hominins traversed this lakeshore in multi-male groups.
294 rather than lPAH abundance, we argue that MP hominins were able to control fire and utilize it regard
295 reconstructions suggest that the Chagyrskaya hominins were adapted to the dry steppe and hunted bison
298 umans have more fragile skeletons than other hominins, which may result from physical inactivity.
299 he impact of local-scale conditions on early hominins, who likely experienced a varied and more dynam
300 oreal bipedalism was prohibitively risky for hominins whose increasingly modern anatomy prevented the