ライフサイエンスコーパス: hydraulic

1 on and the role of root growth on soil-plant hydraulics.

2 annels, presenting different combinations of hydraulic and chemical stimuli.

3 lude calcium, reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydraulic and electric waves.

4 also coincide with new modifications in leaf hydraulics and growth habit during angiosperm diversific

5 lant morphology, gas exchange, leaf and stem hydraulics and growth rates have evolved in a coordinate

6 outlined in this paper can be used to couple hydraulics and ML models to reduce the computation time,

7 water status in ferns are regulated by leaf hydraulics and not metabolism.

8 way to incorporate recent advances in plant hydraulics and optimality theory into LSMs, and an alter

9 elated to plant trait spectra, that is plant hydraulics and size and leaf economics.

10 inear and hysteretic behaviour in soil-xylem hydraulics and the need to incorporate knowledge of hydr

11 tility across a plethora of hydrological and hydraulic applications concerned with shallow inertial f

12 model MECHA (model of explicit cross-section hydraulic architecture).

13 ole of ABA in mechanisms that determine root hydraulic architecture.

14 conclude by proposing a new model that has a hydraulics-based penalty function that meets all seven c

15 ntal conditions can strongly influence plant hydraulic behavior at relatively fast timescales, which

16 Hydraulic behavior in Larrea was highly dynamic, ranging

17 f environmental drivers was evaluated in the hydraulic behavior of Larrea tridentata, a drought-toler

18 and midday Psi, the temporal variability of hydraulic behavior was explored in relation to soil wate

19 Although species may exhibit a dominant hydraulic behavior, variable environmental conditions ca

20 tes before and after the flood and peak flow hydraulics calculated from surveyed floodmarks and cross

21 ter content, which was a strong predictor of hydraulic capacitance in both leaves and flowers.

22 rely on other hydraulic traits, such as high hydraulic capacitance, to maintain turgor pressure.

23 and canopy temperature) were used to examine hydraulic characteristics of cotton, evaluate their cons

24 ling indicates that changes in stream pH and hydraulic conditions at low flow will decrease aqueous m

25 ce, and importance value, and quantified the hydraulic conductance (K(h) ) of above-ground and below-

26 We hypothesized that the decline of leaf hydraulic conductance (K(leaf) ) in response to dehydrat

27 The leaf hydraulic conductance (K(leaf) ), stomatal conductance (

28 ed traits such as stomatal regulation, shoot hydraulic conductance (K(shoot) ) and stem xylem embolis

29 nerability curves (VCs) describe the loss of hydraulic conductance against increasing xylem tension,

30 nces in key hydraulic traits, including leaf hydraulic conductance and capacitance, as well as the ki

31 howed a role of SSWU in the recovery of leaf hydraulic conductance and revealed that SSWU is sensitiv

32 contrasting succulent systems and associated hydraulic conductance components should be compared in t

33 Additionally, we asked whether the maximum hydraulic conductance in the soil-plant continuum k(max)

34 or loss point and stem P50 (tension at which hydraulic conductance is at 50% of maximum) were uncorre

35 declines of stomatal conductance g(s) , and hydraulic conductance K(leaf) , including xylem and outs

36 may be recovered through SSWU, and that the hydraulic conductance to SSWU (K(surf) ) declines with d

37 is weakly expressed in wild-type plants, the hydraulic conductance was higher in the PIP2;5 OE lines

38 tential, stomatal conductance, loss of xylem hydraulic conductance, and electrolyte leakage were also

39 of water to conserve soil moisture (reduced hydraulic conductance, narrow metaxylem vessels), and im

40 Variation and dynamics in hydraulic conductance, particularly within leaves, may c

41 Consequently, hydraulic conductance, stomatal conductance, and assimil

42 - 9.3% and occurred beyond 88% loss of xylem hydraulic conductance.

43 h salt concentration) due to their different hydraulic conductivities.

44 Here, we show that hydraulic conductivity (K (ros)) of Arabidopsis (Arabido

45 Stem xylem-specific hydraulic conductivity (K(S) ) represents the potential

46 Streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity (K(v)) is a key parameter in wate

47 exhibited higher photosynthesis rates, root hydraulic conductivity (Lp(r) ) and water-use efficiency

48 Root system architecture and root hydraulic conductivity (Lp(r)) were analyzed in hydropon

49 edictions of the greatest percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity (PLC) of about 40%-60%, were broa

50 We found a lethal threshold at 80% loss of hydraulic conductivity - a point of hydraulic failure be

51 sed organic matter content, available water, hydraulic conductivity and available macronutrients, but

52 trusive techniques including measurements of hydraulic conductivity and dye staining during drought p

53 We measured plant hydraulic traits (e.g. hydraulic conductivity and embolism resistance) and plan

54 o relieve drought stress, we measured native hydraulic conductivity and foliar color change.

55 ty metrics based on water potential, loss of hydraulic conductivity and nonstructural carbohydrates.

56 the basal angiosperms in this study had low hydraulic conductivity and safety, species with higher a

57 or hypertension, and the impact of decreased hydraulic conductivity common in desmoplastic tumors.

58 ebalancing involves both a reduction in root hydraulic conductivity driven by deactivation of aquapor

59 activity to be a major force increasing the hydraulic conductivity in faults allowing organisms to c

60 blood pressure, or reduction of interstitial hydraulic conductivity increase tumor growth rate and co

61 Root hydraulic conductivity is a limiting factor along the wa

62 -CT), fluorescence microscopy, and fine root hydraulic conductivity measurements (Lp(r) ), we examine

63 The hydraulic conductivity of the cortex cells of roots grow

64 P(50) values (water potential at 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity) of nonflooded species were signi

65 ea), sapwood-specific and leaf-specific stem hydraulic conductivity, vulnerability to xylem embolism

66 2 MPa on average, causing a 46% loss of stem hydraulic conductivity.

67 hyma fraction (APf) had significantly higher hydraulic conductivity.

68 s in gas exchange, leaf water potential, and hydraulic conductivity.

69 tion and that therapy may alter interstitial hydraulic conductivity.

70 ss events, to examine mortality from loss of hydraulic conductivity.

71 ons of vessel elements in Populus, impacting hydraulic conductivity.

72 had wider vessels, and higher leaf and xylem hydraulic conductivity.

73 ve measurements revealed no recovery of stem hydraulic conductivity.

74 erophyllous leaves and lower percent loss of hydraulic conductivity.

75 tions of the conifer species Pinus ponderosa Hydraulic constraints arise as trees grow larger and xyl

76 on realistic tree allometries, incorporates hydraulic constraints on biomass accumulation, and featu

77 was developed that set up a feedback between hydraulic controls over carbon allocation and the role o

78 ting to the need of an updated definition of hydraulic cost for halophytes under saline conditions.

79 Hydraulic coupling is controlled by leaf water potential

80 ngender lateral branching and the opening of hydraulic cracks along the weak layers, even if these cr

81 HM outputs, including hydraulic damage and carbon assimilation diagnostics, mo

82 This result suggests that hydraulic damage caused by elevated levels of embolism i

83 chanism of drought-induced tree mortality is hydraulic damage, but predicting tree mortality from hyd

84 In addition to widespread hydraulic damage, these species also experienced reducti

85 Here, we compiled a xylem hydraulics dataset with 1,186 species-at-site combinatio

86 ely semicircular cross-section with a 52 mum hydraulic diameter ( D(h)) was produced in a 17 x 6.3 x

87 er development length greater than 46 and 28 hydraulic diameters in the experiment and simulation, re

88 eclines in sap flow, and the coordination of hydraulic dysfunction with other physiological processes

89 We compiled hydraulic efficiency and safety traits for 682 observati

90 f limit - to quantify the co-optimisation of hydraulic efficiency and safety.

91 rrangement are associated with both enhanced hydraulic efficiency and safety.

92 wn trade-off in xylem mechanical strength vs hydraulic efficiency to generate release mechanisms that

93 Hydraulic efficiency-safety optimisation was accompanied

94 rangement of parenchyma tissue influence the hydraulic efficiency-safety trade-off in the basal angio

95 t and resistant to embolism, and therefore a hydraulic efficiency-safety trade-off should exist.

96 sel-to-xylem parenchyma connectivity and the hydraulic efficiency-safety trade-off.

97 We observe that the seismic energy and the hydraulic energy similarly depend on the injected fluid

98 Decisions to deconstruct hydraulic engineering structures (or, likewise, to const

99 nal analysis method from fluid mechanics and hydraulic engineering.

100 Foliar color changes lagged behind hydraulic failure - best predicting when trees had been

101 ectives on esca symptom expression where the hydraulic failure and elicitor/toxin hypotheses are not

102 iation can be used to identify thresholds of hydraulic failure and physiological recoverability in la

103 te the carbon costs of drought-induced plant hydraulic failure are improving predictions of delayed-m

104 loss of hydraulic conductivity - a point of hydraulic failure beyond which it is more likely trees w

105 ity in these species was not linked to xylem hydraulic failure but rather to high levels of cell dama

106 hesis suggests that leaf scorch is caused by hydraulic failure due to air embolism, the pathogen itse

107 ll trees may be equally likely to experience hydraulic failure during severe droughts.

108 Hydraulic failure explains much of the increased rates o

109 ad to increased mortality vulnerability, but hydraulic failure or biotic attack may dominate the proc

110 ontinuous probability of mortality risk from hydraulic failure.

111 h, and higher risks of carbon starvation and hydraulic failure.

112 h a penalty function based on stress-induced hydraulic failure.

113 ale predictions of potential drought-induced hydraulic failure.

114 o the regulation of tissue morphogenesis via hydraulic feedback to ensure robust control of organ siz

115 pogenic activities including the presence of hydraulic flood control structures, local runoff from in

116 ro-osmotic flows either assist or oppose the hydraulic flow, effectively reducing or increasing the f

117 his use of electrochemical energy storage in hydraulic fluids could facilitate increased energy densi

118 mmunities is greater loss of biomass through hydraulic flushing.

119 handle resistance mismatches in fossil plant hydraulics, focusing on Carboniferous medullosan seed pl

120 ic vascular system combines the functions of hydraulic force transmission, actuation and energy stora

121 ficial muscles that couple electrostatic and hydraulic forces to achieve diverse modes of actuation,

122 unreacted and shale-reacted with a synthetic hydraulic fracture fluid.

123 The process of hydraulic fracture is well known in both natural (e.g. v

124 dustry's adoption of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing (a.k.a., "fracking" or "fracing") a

125 ck samples derived from horizontally drilled hydraulic fracturing (HDHF) operations reveal consistent

126 meeting the rapidly rising water demand for hydraulic fracturing (HF) and (b) managing rapidly growi

127 ch inhabits marine ecosystems where offshore hydraulic fracturing activity is intensifying.

128 rthquakes as small as -1.3 ML induced during hydraulic fracturing far away than the training region.

129 Mixing of acid mine drainage (AMD) and hydraulic fracturing flowback fluids (HFFF) could repres

130 er the past decade, increases in high-volume hydraulic fracturing for oil and gas extraction in the U

131 Hydraulic fracturing is often criticized due in part to

132 conventional extraction techniques including hydraulic fracturing or "fracking" have led to a boom in

133 rom unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs by hydraulic fracturing raises concerns about methane migra

134 proppant (i.e., quartz sand) that is used in hydraulic fracturing to prevent the closure of induced f

135 linked to geothermal resource exploitation, hydraulic fracturing, and wastewater disposal is evolvin

136 ring four distinct phases of UOGD: drilling, hydraulic fracturing, flowback, and production.

137 Hydraulic fracturing, which requires frequent truck trip

138 The current study investigated the impact of hydraulic fracturing-generated flowback water (HF-FW) on

139 a (U.S.), a region of extensive drilling and hydraulic fracturing.

140 velopment and use of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing.

141 ical feedbacks may result in changes to soil hydraulic function that could be irreversible, resulting

142 e of CO(2) is optimally traded against plant hydraulic function, as an alternative to the empirical f

143 gnificant resilience to drought conferred by hydraulic function, but also highlight critical data and

144 spheric water sources in maintenance of leaf hydraulic function, with implications for plant response

145 We examined xylem anatomical structure and hydraulic functioning of 28 woody species of Magnoliids

146 ances in plant ecophysiology that link xylem hydraulic functioning with stomatal responses to climate

147 nd suggest the implementation of trait-based hydraulic functions into the model to account for soil w

148 Despite decades of effort, stable hydraulic geometry for an open channel water flow has ha

149 We conclude that landward hydraulic gradients characterize a substantial fraction

150 oot production and elongation and whole-root hydraulics, had a bell-shaped dependency on WD, displayi

151 wing season might compensate for some of the hydraulic impairment.

152 orus supplementation could improve biofilter hydraulics in the field if the biofilter is severely pho

153 Most soil hydraulic information used in Earth System Models (ESMs)

154 Here we implemented a model of plant hydraulics into the Community Atmosphere Biosphere Land

155 We further incorporate xylem hydraulic limitation as an additional constraint to tran

156 This partial recovery indicates hydraulic limitations due to drought-induced damage.

157 Our hydraulic mechanism is consistent with available data on

158 Instead we suggest a novel hydraulic mechanism of TBR: shortening and rotation of s

159 esearch focused on cross-validation of plant hydraulics methods are discussed, as well as a proposed

160 We used forest inventory data and a plant hydraulic model (HM) to address three questions: can we

161 To accomplish that, a two-dimensional hydraulic model (iRIC), calibrated by measured water sur

162 areas and the flood depth, using a hybrid of hydraulic model and ML measures.

163 corresponding radial conductivities with the hydraulic model MECHA (model of explicit cross-section h

164 This paradox was interpreted using the MECHA hydraulic model, which computes the radial flow of water

165 The new hydraulics model significantly improved (~35%-45% reduct

166 tic insights on this unknown, a dynamic root-hydraulic modeling framework was developed that set up a

167 , specifically for two- or three-dimensional hydraulic modeling, where traditional hydraulic models a

168 sional hydraulic modeling, where traditional hydraulic models are infeasible or prohibitively expensi

169 network can then be used in combination with hydraulic models to estimate the corresponding hydraulic

170 Hydraulic models use governing equations of the flow in

171 ermined by root growth and branching and the hydraulics of root cells and tissues.

172 ot access to bedrock groundwater matched the hydraulics of the experimental trees by increasing their

173 ssociated with mycorrhizal affiliation, leaf hydraulics or growth form.

174 e behaviour in most models is constrained by hydraulic parameters that do not change.

175 ically preserved fossils allow estimation of hydraulic parameters, potentially providing constraints

176 easy-to-measure soil attributes to estimate hydraulic parameters.

177 nd low conductance components coupled in the hydraulic path of the same plant.

178 Hydraulic permeability (K(H)) was estimated from the rhe

179 cross-link rupture, and reduces the overall hydraulic permeability of the matrix.

180 oad; GAG depleted cartilage exhibited higher hydraulic permeability than either immature or mature ti

181 the coupling of mechanical, electrical, and hydraulic phenomena in tissue lumen formation.

182 Traditional hydraulic power generation mainly uses electromagnetic g

183 Hydraulic pressing whole 'Wonderful' pomegranates and ul

184 Hydraulic pressing, ultrafiltration and initial pasteuri

185 etric throughput in the absence of increased hydraulic pressure and sensor bandwidth.

186 er (0.017 M) as the feed water at an applied hydraulic pressure difference of 9.66 bar.

187 d/fluid interface, and can accurately report hydraulic pressure in fluids at length scales of 10 micr

188 ith pulsed electric fields (PEF) followed by hydraulic pressure.

189 have allowed for the incorporation of plant hydraulic processes in large-scale vegetation models.

190 etry from first principles using mechanistic hydraulic processes is possible and should become standa

191 conductivity is itself defined by cell-scale hydraulic properties and anatomical features.

192 (~270 h) to examine the evolution of in situ hydraulic properties and CO(2)-enriched brine-dolomite g

193 Hydraulic properties control plant responses to climate

194 s exchange, nonstructural carbohydrates, and hydraulic properties in 2.5-year-old Scots pine seedling

195 d how drought-induced changes in anatomy and hydraulic properties of contrasting grapevine rootstocks

196 ing severe drought stress greatly modify the hydraulic properties of fine roots.

197 fundamental trade-offs in the mechanical and hydraulic properties of vasculature underlie the evoluti

198 tight mudrocks and sandstones to boost their hydraulic properties).

199 draulic models to estimate the corresponding hydraulic properties.

200 a dynamic description of soil structure and hydraulic property evolution into soil-plant-atmosphere,

201 Our results suggest that stem hydraulic recovery in poplar is a biological, energy-dep

202 To analyze postdrought hydraulic recovery, we investigated stress and recovery

203 nonstructural carbohydrate reserves limiting hydraulic recovery.

204 n 10 mM KH(2)PO(4)/K(2)HPO(4) at -1.5 V/SHE (hydraulic residence time, ~11 s) resulted in 73, 94, and

205 e a directional choice toward paths of least hydraulic resistance (barotaxis), in some cases overridi

206 he water stress caused by low soil moisture, hydraulic resistance in the xylem and the effect of grav

207 chemoattractant gradients and the increased hydraulic resistance induced by the first neutrophil in

208 rominent in confined channels where external hydraulic resistance is high.

209 ause widening helps minimize the increase in hydraulic resistance that would otherwise occur as an in

210 ever, in environments with sufficiently high hydraulic resistance, the efficiency of actin-polymeriza

211 lture substrate without appreciable external hydraulic resistance, while the latter mechanism is prom

212 quilibrium is not achieved, we increased the hydraulic retention time 100-fold over that of typical m

213 the cost of larger land area, but increasing hydraulic retention time by adding ponds in series yield

214 was >=90% for all sealants in the increased hydraulic retention time experiment, demonstrating the p

215 ntained in the range of 90-94% at a constant hydraulic retention time of 9 h.

216 pecifically, the impacts of current density, hydraulic retention time, and feed composition on the se

217 ieved improved removal efficiency, shortened hydraulic retention time, and substantially enhanced sta

218 ession analysis revealed correlation between hydraulic retention time, power and redox potential on i

219 rentiating between salt- and drought-induced hydraulic risk, and to regulate internal flows and osmol

220 ater availability, competition for water and hydraulic risk, our study provides a comprehensive theor

221 (4) profit function - i.e. carbon gain minus hydraulic risk.

222 Our results suggest that high hydraulic safety and efficiency combined with greater st

223 ipitation seasonality, tended to have higher hydraulic safety and efficiency than observations from s

224 with conflicting effects on xylem function (hydraulic safety and efficiency) relates to the growth-l

225 in these species resulted in an increase in hydraulic safety and intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE

226 However, we found no differences in hydraulic safety margin among species, suggesting that a

227 xylem embolism resistance maintained similar hydraulic safety margin as in LSF.

228 Stem P50 and hydraulic safety margin were the most strongly related p

229 By contrast, hydraulic safety margins correlated well with probabilit

230 n, may be regarded as the theoretical stable hydraulic section for erodible bed, which was comparable

231 closure was most closely correlated with the hydraulic signal from changes in leaf turgor.

232 e integration of ROS, calcium, electric, and hydraulic signals, during systemic signaling, occurs at

233 l stomatal optimization model based on xylem hydraulics (SOX) to predict plant responses to drought.

234 ociated with plant structure, metabolism and hydraulic status, with measurements of long-term mean, m

235 ced Geothermal System, Korea, where detailed hydraulic stimulation and on-site seismicity monitoring

236 and integrates different aspects related to hydraulics, stomatal responses and carbon economy under

237 election leading to differentiation of plant hydraulic strategies among species and may underlie patt

238 water potential (Psi), but the plasticity of hydraulic strategies is largely unknown.

239 Hydraulic strategies were defined along a spectrum from

240 at distributions can be explained by species hydraulic strategies, and if habitat specialists differ

241 However, despite contrasting hydraulic strategies, the stomatal responses of angiospe

242 termine shifts in the most competitive plant hydraulic strategy (the evolutionary stable strategy or

243 We then simulated hydraulic stress and mortality in seedlings within the B

244 er our interpretation of current metrics for hydraulic stress and sensitivity.

245 orating intensity, duration and frequency of hydraulic stress events, to examine mortality from loss

246 l-watered trees, to traits relating to plant hydraulic stress in drought-stressed trees.

247 We modeled hydraulic stress in ponderosa pine seedlings at multiple

248 ver near the lower treeline, suggesting that hydraulic stress limits recruitment and ultimately const

249 We show that cumulative hydraulic stress, its legacy and its consequences for mo

250 to grow roots rapidly enough to mediate the hydraulic stress, particularly during warm droughts.

251 f water and energy drive spatial patterns of hydraulic stress.

252 racteristics, climate metrics, and simulated hydraulic stress?

253 Construction of obstacles upstream of hydraulic structures is a common method of tackling adve

254 pacting the performance and functionality of hydraulic structures through sedimentation and reduction

255 K(s) , suggesting a compensation to maintain hydraulic supply to leaves across species.

256 ductivity and embolism resistance) and plant hydraulic system status (e.g. leaf water potential, nati

257 ening and underscore the need to study plant hydraulic systems leaf to root as integrated wholes.

258 ge, have limited capacity to acclimate their hydraulic systems to future droughts, potentially making

259 e determined by traits associated with their hydraulic systems.

260 ectroactive polymers (IEAPs), pneumatics and hydraulics systems, shape memory polymers (SMPs), hydrog

261 small tributary of Last Chance Creek during hydraulic thawing that exposed the permafrost sediment i

262 c damage, but predicting tree mortality from hydraulic theory and climate data still remains a major

263 The circadian clock regulates plant tissue hydraulics to synchronize water supply with environmenta

264 ad lower K(s) and were further away from the hydraulic trade-off limit line.

265 n reproduce several key patterns of stomatal-hydraulic trait covariations.

266 The hydraulic trait distribution maps provide a publicly ava

267 We measured plant hydraulic traits (e.g. hydraulic conductivity and emboli

268 ions of the terrestrial carbon cycle because hydraulic traits affect both ecosystem and Earth system

269 nisms behind existing patterns of vegetation hydraulic traits and community trait diversity is critic

270 Throughout, we measured hydraulic traits and monitored changes in gas exchange,

271 lighted the need to incorporate variation in hydraulic traits and multiple PFTs that capture the dist

272 We show that diversity in hydraulic traits and photosynthetic characteristics is m

273 ultivariate trait space than leaves and that hydraulic traits are more diverse in flowers than in lea

274 This firmly suggests hydraulic traits as targets for future research.

275 ations between below-ground and above-ground hydraulic traits as well as the broader ecological impli

276 We demonstrate that some hydraulic traits changed with tree size, however, the di

277 ll this gap, we compiled a global dataset of hydraulic traits describing xylem conductivity (K(s) ),

278 Incorporation of photosynthetic and hydraulic traits in 'next-generation' land-surface model

279 22 species to characterize the diversity of hydraulic traits in flowers and to determine whether flo

280 Hydraulic traits indicated higher drought tolerance in t

281 heir relationships to genotypic variation in hydraulic traits of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), an econ

282 Here we present an extensive dataset of hydraulic traits of dominant species in two tropical Ama

283 Thirteen key anatomical and hydraulic traits of stems of four species were compared

284 Hydraulic traits showed no adjustment following 15 years

285 k can be used to link genotypic variation in hydraulic traits to differential acclimating behaviors u

286 Species' hydraulic traits were not coordinated, as some anisohydr

287 r, data on whether tropical trees can adjust hydraulic traits when experiencing drought remain rare.

288 Clarifying the coordination of leaf hydraulic traits with gas exchange across closely-relate

289 Flexible phenology and hydraulic traits, despite evolutionary stasis, may have

290 utility of this framework for understanding hydraulic traits, drought physiology and recovery, we ap

291 to the mechanisms through which below-ground hydraulic traits, especially those of deep roots, determ

292 measured had considerable differences in key hydraulic traits, including leaf hydraulic conductance a

293 ocess-based model, heterogeneous data (plant hydraulic traits, spatially-distributed soil texture, so

294 ates of transpiration, flowers rely on other hydraulic traits, such as high hydraulic capacitance, to

295 of the point-to-point electric, diffusive or hydraulic transport in complex scale-free networks.

296 ication and indicate that inclusion of plant hydraulic transport mechanisms in models may be critical

297 Cotton was found to have R-shaped hydraulic vulnerability curves (VCs), which were consist

298 ed formulation be imminently employed in eco-hydraulics where the interaction between flow and vegeta

299 ansport of soil gases is controlled by plant hydraulics, whether by diffusion or mass flow via transp

300 ics and the need to incorporate knowledge of hydraulics within broader frameworks of plant ecological