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1 e eventual exploitation of shale gas through hydraulic fracturing.
2 asing during the reuse of flowback water for hydraulic fracturing.
3  shale or are introduced during drilling and hydraulic fracturing.
4 pid globalization of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing.
5 <2%) in produced waters several months after hydraulic fracturing.
6 ter quality that results from fluids used in hydraulic fracturing.
7 l strata triggered by horizontal drilling or hydraulic fracturing.
8 es such as horizontal drilling combined with hydraulic fracturing.
9  environmental and human health effects from hydraulic fracturing.
10 ose candidate layers along the formation for hydraulic fracturing.
11 ing and reduction in gas permeability due to hydraulic fracturing.
12 sand settling in horizontal wellbores during hydraulic fracturing.
13 velopment and use of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing.
14 ucture alteration due to retained fluid from hydraulic fracturing.
15 associated with shale gas extraction through hydraulic fracturing.
16 ion concerns while reducing water demand for hydraulic fracturing.
17 e to the progress in horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing.
18 espectively, 13% of which is associated with hydraulic fracturing.
19 a (U.S.), a region of extensive drilling and hydraulic fracturing.
20  pathways leading to human health risks from hydraulic fracturing.
21 nt microbial communities were enriched after hydraulic fracturing.
22 tential human health hazards associated with hydraulic fracturing.
23 l oil and gas extraction, textile mills, and hydraulic fracturing.
24 dustry's adoption of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing (a.k.a., "fracking" or "fracing") a
25                                       During hydraulic fracturing, a technique often used to extract
26 at, toxic gas clouds, and air pollution from hydraulic fracturing activities.
27 comparable to the regional water demand from hydraulic fracturing activities.
28 ch inhabits marine ecosystems where offshore hydraulic fracturing activity is intensifying.
29 ed molecular ions might have been related to hydraulic fracturing additives and related subsurface re
30 l gas resources commonly requires the use of hydraulic fracturing and chemical production well additi
31  concentrations between OGW originating from hydraulic fracturing and conventional oil and gas operat
32 distinguishes high-intensity events, such as hydraulic fracturing and flowback, from lower-intensity
33                             In recent years, hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have been a
34                    Technological advances in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have led to
35 s drilling operations (UNGDO) (which include hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling) supply an
36                      The association between hydraulic fracturing and human development is not well u
37 ussion of potential environmental impacts of hydraulic fracturing and important knowledge gaps that m
38 ormation, and deeply polarized debates about hydraulic fracturing and its regulation.
39 ture development, well drilling, high-volume hydraulic fracturing and production; each with its own p
40 , exceeding the mean volume of water used in hydraulic fracturing and surpassing typical 4-year waste
41 haracterization of organic chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing and their changes through time, fro
42 imparted by anthropogenic activities such as hydraulic fracturing and wastewater injection.
43  stray gas, metal-rich formation brines, and hydraulic fracturing and/or flowback fluids to drinking
44                       From climate change to hydraulic fracturing, and from drinking water safety to
45  linked to geothermal resource exploitation, hydraulic fracturing, and wastewater disposal is evolvin
46 munities associated with produced water from hydraulic fracturing are not well understood, and their
47  in China, in which the signals induced from hydraulic fracturing are recorded by twelve three-compon
48                      Horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing are transforming energy production,
49 ess coefficients hinder the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing, as greater water pressure is requi
50 ng, with horizontal drilling and high-volume hydraulic fracturing beginning in 2010.
51             Oil and gas wells that underwent hydraulic fracturing between 2013 to 2018 were identifie
52 ources are inadequate to meet the demand for hydraulic fracturing, but there appear to be adequate su
53  micro/nano pores due to retained fluid from hydraulic fracturing causes a gradual reduction of gas p
54 es and the FracFocus register have increased hydraulic fracturing chemical transparency over the past
55 y-level performance indicators for measuring hydraulic fracturing chemical transparency to address th
56 ronmental fate and toxicity of commonly used hydraulic fracturing chemicals.
57 issions are characterized for well drilling, hydraulic fracturing, coiled tubing/millout, flowback, a
58                 Degradation kinetics of five hydraulic fracturing compounds (2-propanol, ethylene gly
59 radical-induced degradation of PAM under HPT hydraulic fracturing conditions without additional oxida
60                   Operations associated with hydraulic fracturing constitute only 1.2% of the life cy
61 rent knowledge of the effects of high-volume hydraulic fracturing coupled with horizontal drilling on
62 ledge, however, no comprehensive analysis of hydraulic fracturing depths exists.
63          The findings contribute to enhanced hydraulic fracturing designs, improved wellbore stabilit
64  and offering practical tools for optimizing hydraulic fracturing designs.
65  a dramatic fissuring process that resembles hydraulic fracturing, driven by the influx of external f
66 mproperly abandoned wells and remediation of hydraulic fracturing during shale gas extraction.
67 chnique for monitoring the dynamic status of hydraulic fracturing during the development of unconvent
68 ale energy reserves and the extensive use of hydraulic fracturing during well stimulation have raised
69                             Furthermore, the hydraulic fracturing effect improves with increasing in-
70 le spacing, to assess their influence on the hydraulic fracturing effect.
71 ncluding ~ 80 cases of earthquakes caused by hydraulic fracturing, enhanced geothermal systems, and o
72 igate reactions during the shut-in period of hydraulic fracturing, experiments were conducted flowing
73                                              Hydraulic fracturing extracts oil and gas through the in
74 rthquakes as small as -1.3 ML induced during hydraulic fracturing far away than the training region.
75 9 to C-15 with EO3-EO28), were identified in hydraulic fracturing flowback and produced water using a
76 11B, and delta7Li) useful for characterizing hydraulic fracturing flowback fluids (HFFF) and distingu
77       Mixing of acid mine drainage (AMD) and hydraulic fracturing flowback fluids (HFFF) could repres
78 d mine drainage (AMD) effluent with recycled hydraulic fracturing flowback fluids (HFFFs).
79 ate that OGW from Marcellus and Fayetteville hydraulic fracturing flowback fluids and Appalachian con
80 ring four distinct phases of UOGD: drilling, hydraulic fracturing, flowback, and production.
81                                              Hydraulic fracturing fluid (HFF) additives are used to e
82 , but relatively little is known about shale-hydraulic fracturing fluid (HFF) reactions within the re
83 omplex chemical interactions of additives in hydraulic fracturing fluid (HFF) with minerals and organ
84 wever, the groundwater fate and transport of hydraulic fracturing fluid compounds and mixtures remain
85 stite precipitation under relevant synthetic hydraulic fracturing fluid conditions.
86 d from ~0 to 95%, and the average percent of hydraulic fracturing fluid mass withheld on chemical dis
87              In 2019, the average percent of hydraulic fracturing fluid mass withheld on system appro
88 rn the response to stress experienced during hydraulic fracturing, fluid production, and fluid inject
89 fracturing, including 1076 chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing fluids and 134 chemicals detected i
90 inety (8%) of the 1076 chemicals reported in hydraulic fracturing fluids and 83 (62%) of the 134 chem
91 ct contamination of shallow groundwater from hydraulic fracturing fluids and deep formation waters by
92 re complex system where interactions between hydraulic fracturing fluids and shale rocks were allowed
93                                              Hydraulic fracturing fluids are injected into shales to
94 Furthermore, of the 36 chemicals reported in hydraulic fracturing fluids in at least 10% of wells nat
95 A) identified 1173 chemicals associated with hydraulic fracturing fluids, flowback, or produced water
96 avenged by high concentrations of halides in hydraulic fracturing fluids, producing halogen radicals
97                                           In hydraulic fracturing fluids, the oxidant persulfate is u
98 help develop a sustainable path for managing hydraulic fracturing fluids.
99 al complexity of surfactant mixtures used in hydraulic fracturing fluids.
100 s of the degradation of organic chemicals in hydraulic fracturing fluids.
101 degradation and halogenation of additives in hydraulic fracturing fluids.
102 e interbasin fluid flow and trace sources of hydraulic fracturing fluids.
103 ucers are a primary ingredient of slickwater hydraulic fracturing fluids.
104 set of chemicals that are frequently used in hydraulic fracturing fluids.
105 ng a mixture of formation brine and injected hydraulic fracturing fluids.
106              Reports highlight the safety of hydraulic fracturing for drinking water if it occurs "ma
107                                              Hydraulic fracturing for gas production is now ubiquitou
108 er the past decade, increases in high-volume hydraulic fracturing for oil and gas extraction in the U
109  occurs in flowback and produced waters from hydraulic fracturing for unconventional gas extraction a
110 ment of produced water, i.e. wastewater from hydraulic fracturing, for reuse or final disposal is cha
111 al impact of shale oil and gas production by hydraulic fracturing (fracking) is of increasing concern
112  officials responsible for the regulation of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) operations used in the p
113 ification by race/ethnicity and proximity to hydraulic fracturing (fracking) wells was assessed.
114 ities such as carbon capture and storage and hydraulic fracturing ("fracking") affect the natural sys
115          Biocides are critical components of hydraulic fracturing ("fracking") fluids used for unconv
116 d during UOG development such as high-volume hydraulic fracturing ("fracking") have been linked with
117 of hydrocarbons, owing to the development of hydraulic fracturing ("fracking").
118                                              Hydraulic fracturing frequently occurs on agricultural l
119 The current study investigated the impact of hydraulic fracturing-generated flowback water (HF-FW) on
120  through horizontal drilling and high volume hydraulic fracturing has expanded the extraction of hydr
121 mbining horizontal drilling with high volume hydraulic fracturing has increased extraction of hydroca
122 he expansion of unconventional shale gas and hydraulic fracturing has increased the volume of the oil
123                      Horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing have enhanced energy production but
124         Advances in directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing have sparked a natural gas boom fro
125 ck samples derived from horizontally drilled hydraulic fracturing (HDHF) operations reveal consistent
126 est is directed at the chemical structure of hydraulic fracturing (HF) additives in unconventional ga
127  meeting the rapidly rising water demand for hydraulic fracturing (HF) and (b) managing rapidly growi
128 er outlook model that projects water use for hydraulic fracturing (HF) and flowback and produced wate
129  of oil production, including water used for hydraulic fracturing (HF) and flowback-produced (FP) wat
130                               The effects of hydraulic fracturing (HF) flowback and produced water (H
131                    We compared water use for hydraulic fracturing (HF) for oil versus gas production
132 ith horizontally drilled wells stimulated by hydraulic fracturing (HF) for several shales to examine
133  produced by conventional oil production and hydraulic fracturing (HF) in California.
134                                              Hydraulic fracturing (HF) is a reservoir stimulation tec
135 er availability for and potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing (HF) of hydrocarbon assets on water
136                                  High-volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) gas-drilling operations in t
137                                  High-volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) has revolutionized the oil a
138 closed organic compounds used in high volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) vary greatly in physicochemi
139 uring natural gas extraction via high-volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF).
140 ological structure associated with wells and hydraulic fracturing in CSG fields.
141 at wellbore barrier failure, not high-volume hydraulic fracturing in horizontal wells, is the main ca
142 tigation under extreme conditions typical of hydraulic fracturing in shale formations.
143                                              Hydraulic fracturing in shale gas formations involves th
144 velopment by (1) estimating water demand for hydraulic fracturing in the Bakken from 2008 to 2012; (2
145 t state setbacks for directional high-volume hydraulic fracturing in the Marcellus, Barnett, and Niob
146                                Water use for hydraulic fracturing in the North Dakota Bakken grew 5-f
147  (USDWs) as a result of acid stimulation and hydraulic fracturing in the Pavillion, WY, Field.
148 cy (EPA) identified as being associated with hydraulic fracturing, including 1076 chemicals used in h
149 aracterizing oil/gas shales before and after hydraulic fracturing, including permeametry and porosime
150                Contamination associated with hydraulic fracturing introduces hydrocarbons and other h
151                                              Hydraulic fracturing is an industrial process allowing f
152                                              Hydraulic fracturing is becoming an important technique
153 to drinking water safety in many areas where hydraulic fracturing is common.
154                                              Hydraulic fracturing is often criticized due in part to
155 novel prevention and control method based on hydraulic fracturing is proposed, and a sensitivity anal
156                                              Hydraulic fracturing is the industry standard for extrac
157 cate that when gas end use is not considered hydraulic fracturing is the largest contributor to the l
158                           The water used for hydraulic fracturing is typically fresh, whereas "flowba
159                                              Hydraulic fracturing is widely applied for economical ga
160 acturing fluids and deep formation waters by hydraulic fracturing itself, however, remains controvers
161 horizontal wellbores is a major challenge in hydraulic fracturing, leading to problems such as sand p
162                      Horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing make the extraction of tightly boun
163 ntial threats to human health in areas where hydraulic fracturing occurs.
164 mes of water return to the surface following hydraulic fracturing of deep shale formations to retriev
165                   Shale-gas production using hydraulic fracturing of mostly horizontal wells has led
166                                              Hydraulic fracturing of shale for gas production in Penn
167 hane availability from renewable sources and hydraulic fracturing of shale rock.
168                                          For hydraulic fracturing of the Eagle Ford shale in southern
169                 Wastewaters generated during hydraulic fracturing of the Marcellus Shale typically co
170 hich samples were collected before and after hydraulic fracturing of the Middle Devonian Marcellus Sh
171                 Extraction of natural gas by hydraulic fracturing of the Middle Devonian Marcellus Sh
172 of the environmental impacts associated with hydraulic fracturing of unconventional gas wells are tie
173                                              Hydraulic fracturing of unconventional hydrocarbon resou
174 that return to the surface after high volume hydraulic fracturing of unconventional oil and gas reser
175                                              Hydraulic fracturing of unconventional oil/gas shales ha
176 on of CO2 for enhanced hydrocarbon recovery, hydraulic fracturing of unconventional reservoirs, and g
177 t pathway for the mobilization of arsenic in hydraulic fracturing operations and in groundwater syste
178                                              Hydraulic fracturing operations are generating considera
179 gs suggest that understanding how frequently hydraulic fracturing operations impact groundwater quali
180               Nevertheless, the proximity of hydraulic fracturing operations to domestic groundwater
181 ing the holding and reuse of wastewater from hydraulic fracturing operations, termed produced water,
182 d associated GHG emissions from drilling and hydraulic fracturing operations.
183 ential fate and toxicity of biocides used in hydraulic fracturing operations.
184 conventional extraction techniques including hydraulic fracturing or "fracking" have led to a boom in
185                                              Hydraulic fracturing plays a major role in cavity format
186 iding insights that can guide more efficient hydraulic fracturing practices.
187 anic matter in oil/gas shales throughout the hydraulic fracturing process are discussed.
188                         During and after the hydraulic fracturing process, microorganisms are subject
189  minerals in the shale formations during the hydraulic fracturing process, resulting in the relative
190                       Our analyses show that hydraulic fracturing provides the organismal and chemica
191 rom unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs by hydraulic fracturing raises concerns about methane migra
192 , and urban CH4 sources in the Barnett Shale hydraulic fracturing region near Fort Worth, Texas.
193 AEL estimates were available for 389 of 1026 hydraulic fracturing-related chemicals that lack chronic
194 tial public health effects that may arise if hydraulic fracturing-related chemicals were to impact dr
195 mizing and selecting the target interval for hydraulic fracturing remains challenging due to the sign
196                                              Hydraulic fracturing required a median fluid volume of 1
197 lus could help detect natural gas leakage at hydraulic fracturing sites before it reaches USDW.
198 ing perspectives, particularly in optimizing hydraulic fracturing strategies.
199 istic insight into the environmental fate of hydraulic fracturing surfactants after accidental releas
200  secondary sulfate mineral scaling issues in hydraulic fracturing systems, particularly in basins whe
201                     Field application of the hydraulic fracturing technique, with parameters includin
202 roduction wells either conventional or using hydraulic fracturing techniques.
203  in horizontal drilling combined with staged hydraulic fracturing technologies have dramatically incr
204  past decade has been the wide deployment of hydraulic fracturing technologies that enable the produc
205                                              Hydraulic fracturing technologies, developed over the la
206                     Directional drilling and hydraulic-fracturing technologies are dramatically incre
207 pplication of a super-long horizontal staged hydraulic fracturing technology transforms the thick, ha
208                                        While hydraulic fracturing technology, aka fracking (or fracci
209 xtraction of water resources for high-volume hydraulic fracturing that could induce water shortages o
210 izontal wells use large volumes of water for hydraulic fracturing that increased by a factor of appro
211 natural gas extraction activities, including hydraulic fracturing, that occur near residential areas.
212                                           In hydraulic fracturing, the top three are lateral casing d
213 proppant (i.e., quartz sand) that is used in hydraulic fracturing to prevent the closure of induced f
214  a focus of discussion as the application of hydraulic fracturing to tight shale formations is enabli
215 re network is generally generated during the hydraulic fracturing treatment in shale gas reservoirs.
216  of the first fields where widespread use of hydraulic fracturing was implemented.
217 nium isotopes, to the total radioactivity of hydraulic fracturing wastes.
218  that may be enriched in complex brines from hydraulic fracturing wastes.
219                    The disposal and leaks of hydraulic fracturing wastewater (HFW) to the environment
220 ereas pure pyrite (FeS(2)) was identified in hydraulic fracturing wastewater and confirmed by selecte
221                   In this study, we analyzed hydraulic fracturing wastewater samples using ultrahigh
222 f the specific organic constituents in these hydraulic fracturing wastewaters is limited to hydrocarb
223 wells is high because PW volumes can support hydraulic fracturing water demand based on 2014 data.
224 ated with produced water (PW) management and hydraulic fracturing water demands based on detailed wel
225  do not capture the change in proportions of hydraulic fracturing wells with publicly available chemi
226 k for selecting optimal target intervals for hydraulic fracturing, which can significantly enhance hy
227 f the microbial community introduced through hydraulic fracturing, which may include significant impl
228                                              Hydraulic fracturing, which requires frequent truck trip
229 ,000-km(2) region has a 60-y-long history of hydraulic fracturing, with horizontal drilling and high-
230 suggest that individuals who were exposed to hydraulic fracturing within pregnancy may be at higher r

 
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