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1 isting of supercooled liquid water drops and ice crystals).
2 ing directly with the water molecules in the ice crystal.
3  angle to the crystallographic c-axis of the ice crystal.
4 ow aerosols activate into cloud droplets and ice crystals.
5 ue to the formation of smaller, more uniform ice crystals.
6  and promoting localized melting of adjacent ice crystals.
7 s freezing and resulting in fewer but larger ice crystals.
8 iomacromolecules which prevent the growth of ice crystals.
9 effectively they can form cloud droplets and ice crystals.
10 inter-lamellar voids due to the expansion of ice crystals.
11 ifelong accumulation of detrimental internal ice crystals.
12 ls melt at much lower temperatures than bulk ice crystals.
13 stals are interdispersed with nanometer-size ice crystals.
14 ncluding the freezing of water and growth of ice crystals.
15 orners and the two basal planes of hexagonal ice crystals.
16 itational fall and subsequent sublimation of ice crystals(3).
17 pecies and act to slow the rate of growth of ice crystals; a property known as ice recrystallization
18            Based on these results a model of ice crystals aggregates formation in the presence of IBP
19  a larger surface area of the potential seed ice crystal and consequently lowering the freezing point
20          Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) bind to ice crystals and control their structure, enlargement, a
21 ations verified that LPEFTEEEK could bind to ice crystals and inhibit their recrystallization, thus p
22 o death by selectively adsorbing to internal ice crystals and inhibiting ice propagation.
23 some organisms resist freezing by binding to ice crystals and inhibiting their growth.
24 ext to the sapphire substrate instead of the ice crystals and MgCl2 hydrates.
25                More aerosols lead to smaller ice crystals and more water vapor entering the stratosph
26                            Larger individual ice crystals and no entrapment in control ice creams was
27 y porous structures from directionally grown ice crystals and simultaneously inducing radial segregat
28 tions where mixed-phase clouds consisting of ice crystals and supercooled liquid droplets are constra
29 nisms in frigid environments by adsorbing to ice crystals and suppressing their growth.
30 directly connecting the macroscopic shape of ice crystals and the microscopic hexagons.
31                              Morphologies of ice crystals and their pressure-temperature melting rela
32  These samples were prepared from deuterated ice crystals and transformed to hydrate by pressurizing
33 matrix containing air bubbles, fat globules, ice crystals, and an unfrozen serum phase.
34                           In parallel, large ice crystals are formed outside of muscle fibers resulti
35            Moreover, by using recrystallized ice crystals as templates, 2D and 3D porous networks wit
36 mages plant tissues through the formation of ice crystals at or below freezing temperatures.
37 ogen bond onto the surface of potential seed ice crystals at preferred growth sites, thereby preventi
38 hibit ice growth, AFPs must not only bind to ice crystals, but also resist engulfment by ice.
39 luidic devices, where the medium surrounding ice crystals can be exchanged, we show that the binding
40 get cells from surrounding cells and because ice crystals can form in the air spaces between cells wh
41 s soap bubbles freeze, a plethora of growing ice crystals can swirl around in a beautiful effect visu
42                                    Clouds of ice crystals (CO2 ice or H2O ice) have been observed num
43 reviously reported, and a decreasing average ice crystal concentration with decreasing temperature.
44               Lower rates resulted in larger ice crystals, damaging the starch structure.
45 ce cream microstructure was studied using an ice crystal dispersion method.
46   Antifreeze proteins restrict the growth of ice crystals during recrystallization and therefore find
47                       AFPs act by binding to ice crystals, effectively lowering the freezing point.
48 volcanic ash (VA) has been shown to nucleate ice crystals efficiently in laboratory settings, its imp
49 llization of ice through binding to specific ice crystal faces, and they show remarkable structural c
50 kable structural compatibility with specific ice crystal faces.
51 tive plant tissues suffer severe damage from ice crystal formation and require protection.
52 erfusion rates by X-ray computed tomography, ice crystal formation by freeze-substitution, and cell t
53    The vitrification of a liquid occurs when ice crystal formation is prevented in the cryogenic envi
54 eractions, mechanisms of protein folding and ice crystal formation.
55 ures on both raw and blanched carrots due to ice crystals formation and re-crystallisation.
56  we found that survival is less dependent on ice-crystal formation than expected.
57                                          The ice crystals formed a loose structure in saline water in
58 es decreased the average Feret's diameter of ice crystal from 50.2 mum (polyethylene glycol, negative
59 ure below freezing point and separating pure ice crystals from concentrated solution.
60 d explain the evolution of the morphology of ice crystals from hexagonal to trigonal symmetry with de
61  as high as 35 g/liter, are known to prevent ice crystal growth and depress the freezing temperature
62                                        Using ice crystal growth and etching techniques together with
63 e proteins (AFPs) have the ability to modify ice crystal growth and thus there is great interest in i
64  the regulatory effect of cryoprotectants on ice crystal growth and use this property to realize sepa
65 sms from freezing temperatures by inhibiting ice crystal growth at temperatures below the colligative
66 adapt to low temperatures, which can inhibit ice crystal growth by lowering the freezing point and pr
67 surface-bound AFPs are sufficient to inhibit ice crystal growth even in solutions depleted of AFPs.
68                  Antifreeze proteins prevent ice crystal growth in extracellular fluids, allowing fis
69 ction" antifreeze activity as exemplified by ice crystal growth inhibition concomitant with melting t
70                                              Ice crystal growth is a major problem in cell/tissue cry
71 ng is governed by salt rejection-accompanied ice crystal growth, resulting in freezing dynamics diffe
72  that for antifreeze proteins (AFPs) to stop ice crystal growth, they must irreversibly bind to the i
73 emperature of aqueous solutions, and inhibit ice crystal growth.
74  subset of ice-binding proteins that control ice crystal growth.
75 nt of solutions noncolligatively and inhibit ice crystal growth.
76 ozen state may play a role in inhibiting the ice crystal growth.
77 est that the presence of CCH can inhibit the ice crystals growth in NAM to reduce protein freeze-dena
78 de of lamellae forms because of slow faceted ice-crystal growth along the c-axis, while weakly anisot
79 sary to overcome the barrier for macroscopic ice-crystal growth from narrow cylindrical pores.
80               While the strong anisotropy of ice-crystal growth has been hypothesized to play a role
81  but they also increase the tolerance toward ice-crystal growth.
82   Resolution in 2D imaging did not allow for ice crystal identification, but freezing was assessed by
83 r, which is capable of slowing the growth of ice crystals in a manner similar to antifreeze (glyco)pr
84  use of infrared (IR) spectroscopy to detect ice crystals in biological solutions.
85 l decrease in number, an increase in size of ice crystals in cirrus clouds, and an increase in cirrus
86 ticles (INPs) by catalyzing the formation of ice crystals in clouds at temperatures above the homogen
87                            The nucleation of ice crystals in clouds is poorly understood, despite bei
88 s, inhibitors of the growth and expansion of ice crystals in frozen materials, and inhibitors of the
89                                              Ice crystals in the atmosphere nucleate from supercooled
90                             The formation of ice crystals in the atmosphere strongly affects cloud pr
91 sulfur dioxide emissions and the presence of ice crystals in the initial plinian eruption cloud.
92 bians and reptiles tolerate the formation of ice crystals in their body fluids.
93 vin, where the number of droplets containing ice crystals increases rapidly.
94 scopic hollow structures and constructing an ice-crystal-induced cellular microstructure, BHGMs can a
95                                      When an ice crystal is born from liquid water, two key changes o
96              Protein deterioration caused by ice crystals is an important factors affecting the froze
97 e exclusion of salt and AuNPs by the growing ice crystals is deemed critical.
98 e mechanism of type III AFP interaction with ice crystals is more complex than that proposed previous
99 nding of hyperactive Tenebrio molitor AFP to ice crystals is practically irreversible and that surfac
100                                 The nanosize ice crystals melt at much lower temperatures than bulk i
101 n the morphology and light scattering of the ice crystals, modulates the amount of water vapor in ice
102 ubility, thermostability, and produce varied ice crystal morphologies depending on their intended tar
103 ge of stepped vitrification (SV) is avoiding ice crystal nucleation, while decreasing the toxic effec
104 uch as 48% of temporal variability in output ice crystal number and 61% in droplet number in GEOS-5 a
105  up to 89% of temporal variability in output ice crystal number in CAM5.1.
106 observations of deposition growth of aligned ice crystals on feldspar, an atmospherically important c
107 y because of the entrainment of blowing snow/ice crystals or large particles.
108  matches the lattice structure of a specific ice crystal plane.
109 e to reduce freezing temperatures and arrest ice crystal ripening, making AFPs essential for the surv
110 ng the presence of GFP-AFP on the surface of ice crystals several microns in diameter using fluoresce
111 ed that poly(vinylpyrrolidone) particles had ice crystal shaping activity, indicating this polymer ca
112 les stipulate that each water molecule in an ice crystal should form four hydrogen bonds.
113                             Diffraction from ice crystals showed that long-range crystalline order fo
114 ative humidity near the tropical tropopause, ice crystal size in towering cumulus clouds, and aerosol
115 pe, demonstrating a significant reduction of ice crystal size induced by CCH.
116   The amount of intracellular ice as well as ice crystal size played a role in determining whether or
117  viability is correlated with changes in the ice crystal structure during warming.
118  and coplanar for simultaneous binding to an ice crystal surface.
119 nique class of proteins that bind to growing ice crystal surfaces and arrest further ice growth.
120 activity, indicating this polymer can engage ice crystal surfaces, even though on its own it does not
121 the interfacial dynamics of single AFPs with ice crystal surfaces.
122        This device allows growth of a stable ice crystal that can be easily manipulated with or witho
123 ter rye, and type III IBP) had aggregates of ice crystals that entrapped pockets of the ice cream mix
124 y driven by the flow of water toward growing ice crystals that feeds their growth.
125 logy of frozen salty droplets is governed by ice crystals that sprout from the bottom of the brine fi
126 rtain organisms from freezing by adhering to ice crystals, thereby preventing their growth.
127 ing the growth of internalized environmental ice crystals, they prevent death by inoculative freezing
128 ing point by preventing the growth of larger ice crystals; thus, it is paramount to determine their t
129 erates a strong Marangoni flow that entrains ice crystals to produce the aforementioned snow globe ef
130                       In fast freezing small ice crystals trap protons and cause less severe protein
131 arieties according to flesh damage caused by ice crystals upon freezing.
132 d sbwAFP and visualized it on the surface of ice crystals using fluorescence microscopy.
133  colloids can directly adsorb onto a growing ice crystal via the synergistic interplay between hydrog
134                                Intracellular ice crystals were colocated to the sections of cell memb
135 ctant perfusion was considered normal and no ice crystals were formed in the tissue, ultrastructural
136                                         When ice crystals were grown in the presence of a mixture of
137                                  Superheated ice crystals were stable for hours above their equilibri
138 nce their direct adsorption onto the growing ice crystal, which is consistent with theoretical predic
139 lead us to conclude that AFP accumulation on ice crystals, which are smaller than 100 mum in radius,
140  However, if warming is too slow, many small ice crystals will recrystallize into fewer but bigger cr
141  C, which facilitated the formation of small ice crystals within tomato.

 
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