ライフサイエンスコーパス: icy

1 Europa, the most visibly active icy moon of Jupiter, is a prime target for the search fo

2 d: in smaller CNTs, water molecules adopt an icy structure near tube walls while maintaining liquid s

3 In this model, 'Oumuamua began as an icy planetesimal that was irradiated at low temperatures

4 oon Europa has a subsurface ocean beneath an icy crust.

5 The ice shell on Enceladus, an icy moon of Saturn, exhibits strong asymmetry between th

6 Enceladus, an icy moon of Saturn, is a compelling destination for a pr

7 ity data, suggests that the satellite has an icy crust roughly 150 km thick and a rocky interior.

8 me extent, differentiated and should have an icy crust with few or no impact craters.

9 stance was consistent with sublimation of an icy body near its subsolar point.

10 creation in a catastrophic disruption of an icy satellite rather than a co-genetic origin with Satur

11 e the physics of soap bubbles freezing on an icy substrate and reveal two distinct modes of freezing.

12 differentiated into a silicate core with an icy mantle.

13 , ranging out to the main asteroid belt, and icy bodies beyond the belt.

14 As the ring evolves, its mass decreases and icy moons are spawned from its outer edge with estimated

15 lity and exists in the interior of Earth and icy moons.

16 ation can produce Europa's current ocean and icy shell.

17 t produce vapor-poor disks and (2) rocky and icy exoplanets whose radii are smaller than ~1.6R((+)) a

18 ciated strength properties of structural and icy planetary materials.

19 impact simulations show that terrestrial and icy planets that are larger than ~1.3-1.6R((+)) produce

20 ces of the observed jets of water vapour and icy particles and to exhibit higher temperatures than th

21 Comets are icy bodies that sublimate and become active when close t

22 orosity (75 +/- 7 per cent) of the boulders' icy interiors.

23 n's main ring system and accretion of bright icy particles or water vapor from volcanic plumes origin

24 ing avoidance, especially in the chronically icy Antarctic waters.

25 Instead cold, icy environments may have been widespread.

26 On such cold, icy exo-Earths, basal melting of regional/global ice she

27 the asteroid surface from a salt-containing icy object.

28 sis drift, we show that its heavily cratered icy shell hides a global ocean, at a depth of 20-30 kilo

29 roundwater-driven playa settings or top-down icy chemical weathering environments.

30 ters, but the thrusters were not used during icy satellite flybys and thus the signal is believed to

31 controlling eruptions imply that Enceladus' icy shell behaves as a thin elastic layer, perhaps only

32 s and high-altitude environments, especially icy habitats, present challenges for many microorganisms

33 ses during the impact of an extraterrestrial icy body containing formamide on an early Earth atmosphe

34 Jets of fine icy particles that supply Saturn's E ring emanate from t

35 Working at relevant conditions for icy worlds, we report the characterization of three "hyp

36 istent gap in differentiation processes from icy cometary bodies to fully melted iron meteorites with

37 es normally associated with reflections from icy surfaces in the Solar System were found at all the o

38 drates at relevant conditions to help future icy world exploration by space missions.

39 jor components of the interiors of the giant icy planets and their satellites, which has motivated th

40 ssigned a major role as antifreeze in giving icy planetary bodies (e.g., Titan) a liquid subsurface o

41 he oxidant inventory on interstellar grains, icy moons, and Kuiper belt objects, offering a plausible

42 gic analog among large basins on low-gravity icy satellites.

43 more reliable simulations of oil behavior in icy environments.

44 tio is consistent with production of C2H6 in icy grain mantles in the natal cloud, either by photolys

45 roposed to form through radical chemistry in icy grain mantles.

46 s indicate Group 2i is widely distributed in icy marine and lacustrine environments in both Northern

47 O2 (silica) particles, initially embedded in icy grains emitted from Enceladus' subsurface waters and

48 s important conceptual roadblocks to life in icy ocean worlds and broadens the potential metabolic di

49 g the geological preservation of microbes in icy environments and the possible exchange of genetic ma

50 ed submersion time of at least 83 minutes in icy sea water.

51 ropose that chondrule-forming shock waves in icy regions of the nebula produced conditions that allow

52 on of other tidally-active worlds, including icy moons such as Europa and Enceladus and exo-planets/m

53 Europa, the innermost icy satellite of Jupiter, has a tortured young surface a

54 200 GPa, comparable to those present inside icy giant planets (Uranus, Neptune), shock-compressed po

55 esting that the plastic flow of the internal icy layers in Neptune and Uranus may be significantly fa

56 y hides a global saltwater ocean beneath its icy surface.

57 ypothesized to exist on Titan's surface, its icy bedrock lies extensively exposed.

58 his discovery is surprising for such a large icy satellite.

59 d this water becomes incorporated into large icy bodies, such as comets, without substantial chemical

60 s and the differentiation processes of large icy moons.

61 aterial to reach the surfaces of other large icy bodies.

62 Hyperion, Saturn's eighth largest icy satellite, is a body of irregular shape in a state o

63 up to ~25% of the volume of the mid-latitude icy mantles.

64 ke features observed on the surfaces of many icy satellites.

65 bly produced by the sublimation of migrating icy bodies, and provides a potential reservoir of water

66 d supports the previously proposed Noachian "icy highlands" hypothesis.

67 are mostly water-ice but are polluted by non-icy material with a volume fraction ranging from ~0.1 to

68 The non-icy portion of Ceres' carbon-bearing regolith contains s

69 the Saturnian system is a source of this non-icy material.

70 m ultraviolet photolysis of the analogues of icy interstellar grains.

71 mulations of the surfaces and atmospheres of icy bodies in the Solar System.

72 At temperatures characteristic of icy planetary bodies, vapor deposits of methanol, water,

73 ity is central to the general circulation of icy moons.

74 The high predicted number density of icy interstellar objects (2.4 x 10(-4) per cubic astrono

75 The Kuiper belt is a disk of icy bodies that orbit the Sun beyond Neptune; the larges

76 ating boundary conditions and the effects of icy shell melting and freezing on ocean salinity.

77 loud of comets was formed by the ejection of icy planetesimals from the region of giant planets--Jupi

78 and may play a key role in the evolution of icy bodies.

79 ar-N(3) (l-N(3)) radical after excitation of icy N(2) at 121.6 nm.

80 fect our understanding of the geodynamics of icy planets and the differentiation processes of large i

81 ines probably still occur in the interior of icy bodies Ceres and Enceladus, as indicated by spectra

82 erse and a key component in the interiors of icy moons, giant planets and Uranus- and Neptune-like ex

83 r the makeup of deeper atmospheric layers of icy giant planets, with H(2)O and H(2)S being major cons

84 hydrogen hydrates are potential materials of icy satellites and comets, and may be used for hydrogen

85 The subsurface oceans of icy moons, expected to retain appreciable concentrations

86 hydrocarbons comprise a significant part of icy giant planets and are involved in reduced carbon-oxy

87 ner coma, suggest that an extended region of icy grains surrounds the nucleus of Hyakutake and contri

88 recent discovery of an ancient reservoir of icy bodies at and beyond the orbit of Neptune-the Kuiper

89 Cs) from the Oort Cloud, a vast reservoir of icy bodies surrounding the Sun.

90 The ice shells of icy satellites have been hypothesized to undergo nonsync

91 iation-dominated chemistry on the surface of icy satellites embedded within their planets' magnetosph

92 ected to be found on many of the surfaces of icy moons like Europa and Ganymede.

93 ble to the thermodynamic conditions found on icy planetary bodies.

94 t could be the most abundant NaCl hydrate on icy moon surfaces like Europa, Titan, Ganymede, Callisto

95 with high density ratios, such as in jets on icy satellites or in tenuous atmospheres or exospheres,

96 ne monohydrate may be chemically produced on icy surfaces.

97 of expelled materials that may be sampled on icy extraterrestrial worlds.

98 n Earth(1) and detected by remote sensing on icy bodies in the outer Solar System(2,3).

99 terials to plan actions, such as stepping on icy roads without slipping.

100 implies that water-bearing asteroids and/or icy planetesimals that formed near Jupiter are the likel

101 protoplanetary nebula onto a large rocky or icy core.

102 the vaporization of a collection of orbiting icy bodies-a process considered in an earlier theoretica

103 h-productivity life in the Europan and other icy ocean world oceans were proposed to be photolyticall

104 e scarce in the ocean of Enceladus and other icy ocean worlds(15,16).

105 Earth, the Jovian satellite Europa and other icy satellites, and the parent body of the Murchison met

106 py of ice VI and could be relevant for other icy materials.

107 achieved in Enceladus and possibly in other icy ocean worlds beyond the primordial CO(2) snowline, e

108 consistent with remote observations of other icy bodies, such as Jupiter's moons Europa and Ganymede,

109 O2), however, despite its detection on other icy bodies such as the moons of Jupiter and Saturn, has

110 is a potential analog for habitats on other icy worlds where water-rock reactions may cooccur with s

111 o aid in the search for extant life on other icy worlds, analysis of detected short peptides in -10 C

112 ld-active or halophilic metabolisms on other icy worlds.

113 scatters light more isotropically than other icy satellites.

114 rs, our simplified model is applied to other icy moons.

115 ly strip material from the satellite's outer icy layers, while its rocky core remains intact and is l

116 Another set of surface reactions produces icy mantles of many monolayers in cold and dense regions

117 te that the crust of Ceres is neither purely icy nor rocky.

118 hrough energetic processing of an H(2)O-rich icy body.

119 d to be heavily polluted by infalling O-rich icy planetesimals, resulting in C/O < 0.5 and super-sola

120 ormation through the accretion of water-rich icy planetesimals.

121 We explore ocean circulation on a rotating icy moon driven by temperature gradients imposed at its

122 water to estimate the thickness of Europa's icy crust.

123 Callisto are equally ice-rich, but Europa's icy shell has a thermal structure about 0.25 0.5 times t

124 three satellites, which constrains Europa's icy shell to be at least 19 km thick.

125 tively sparse crater population on Jupiter's icy moon Europa and suggest that this assumption is inco

126 l characterize the habitability of Jupiter's icy moon Europa.

127 e New Horizons spacecraft observed Jupiter's icy satellites Europa and Ganymede during its flyby in F

128 Saturn's icy moon Enceladus is a prime target in the search for l

129 t Analyzer (CDA) in the vicinity of Saturn's icy moon Enceladus.

130 we find is that, for Galilean and Saturnian icy moons, the ice shell can undergo hemispheric symmetr

131 opose that sublimation from millimetre-sized icy grains ejected from the nucleus provides access to r

132 Enceladus, a small icy satellite of Saturn, has active plumes jetting from

133 the south polar region of Enceladus, a small icy satellite of Saturn.

134 Enceladus is a small icy satellite of Saturn.

135 nosulfur materials in other comets and small icy bodies using the James Webb Space Telescope.

136 erion's surface as distinct from other small icy objects but left the causes unsettled.

137 he presence of complex organics in the small icy plume particles ejected by Enceladus encountered pre

138 Our data reveal arc-like structures-icy jets-offset from (but close to) the nucleus.

139 reduced population sensitivity to subsequent icy winters.

140 CC parent bodies as well as the Solar System icy bodies that might possess similar pH and redox gradi

141 We found that icy grains originating in the outer disk, where temperat

142 The icy bodies that release water ice in HD 181327 are proba

143 The icy lithospheres of Ganymede and Callisto are equally ic

144 planets at 5 to 30 AU from the Sun, and the icy Kuiper belt objects at 30 to 50 AU from the Sun.

145 nized by in situ dust instruments around the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn, but have hitherto not b

146 orlds in the outer Solar System, such as the icy moons Europa and Enceladus, represent potentially ha

147 a of Saturn with an atmospheric plume at the icy moon Enceladus.

148 t-scale liquid ocean, is present beneath the icy surface.

149 ch as reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the icy shell, and reductants (Fe(II), S(-II), CH(4), H(2))

150 production rates of molecular gases from the icy, cometary nucleus (in molecules per second) are 6.4

151 However, the icy debris beyond the orbit of Neptune, called the Kuipe

152 This mechanism is possible if the icy shell is latitudinally variable in thickness and dec

153 of methanol followed by stabilization in the icy matrix.

154 Models suggest that some of the icy bodies may have migrated into the asteroid belt.

155 ace appears to be distinct from those of the icy satellites of Jupiter, in both brightness and polari

156 well as the search for microbial life on the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn.

157 Unlike on the icy satellites of Jupiter and Saturn, where tidal forces

158 use comets are thought to have preserved the icy grains originally found in the interstellar medium p

159 few sources of energy that penetrate to the icy cloud interior.

160 s' ocean is chemically open or closed to the icy crust.

161 sic properties of the rings, including their icy composition.

162 eneath, and to a lesser degree, within their icy masses.

163 f Europa, Jupiter's moon, covered by a thick icy shell, is one of the most probable places in the sol

164 c one with an internal ocean beneath a thick icy shell.

165 Our findings imply that tiny, icy moons can develop complex surficial geomorphologies,

166 mitive outer Solar System objects related to icy asteroids and comets underwent a phase of magmatic a

167 a unique class of solar system bodies, with icy surfaces and chemically reducing atmospheres rich in