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1 ion of ovarian follicles, either directly or indirectly.
2 decision between forming neurons directly or indirectly.
3 rus, it is also likely to increase mortality indirectly.
4 hence regulate mutualisms both directly and indirectly.
5 ls that septins facilitate Ca(2+) signalling indirectly.
6 ound to euchromatin, suggesting that it acts indirectly.
7 erties change these costs, both directly and indirectly.
8 e chemicals to human life, both directly and indirectly.
9 amics remain hidden, or can be measured only indirectly.
10 and multiferroics(1,2)-can be achieved only indirectly.
11 mations, which were previously detected only indirectly(9,15,27-29), through their influence on abnor
12 Foxp3 Treg arises from the proliferation of indirectly activated natural Foxp3 Treg (nTreg) and depl
13 roduction of cytokines that can directly and indirectly affect anti-tumor immune function and cancer
14 Shifts in densities of apex predators may indirectly affect fundamental ecosystem processes, such
18 Yet AR and its treatment may directly or indirectly affect longer-term outcomes for kidney transp
19 her, the results suggest climate warming can indirectly affect plant reproduction via changes in plan
24 ith reduced protoxylem vessel thickness that indirectly affects metaxylem cell wall integrity and fun
29 by particles could be determined directly or indirectly and, as expected, has a linear correlation wi
30 ocular response modulation in the LGN arises indirectly as the LGN also receives input from binocular
33 of auditory information, either directly or indirectly, as a pathway to the neural auditory WM repre
35 lysis methods are relatively low-throughput, indirectly assess contractility, or only assess well-ali
36 We utilized the HMSA formation potential to indirectly assess the behavior of hitherto unknown HMSA
40 ediated Ser(22) phosphorylation directly and indirectly averts binding of 14-3-3 proteins, whereas ph
41 trients and regulatory T cells, directly and indirectly balance quiescence and activation programmes
44 directly biased by prejudicial attitudes and indirectly biased by an aggrieved sense of disempowermen
46 l under development, FDA-approved drugs that indirectly block YAP/TAZ activation or critical downstre
47 h localizes mainly to the lagging cell pole, indirectly blocks T4P formation at this pole by stimulat
49 he nature of the active site and contributes indirectly but also sometimes directly to the reactivity
50 amount of T7 RNA polymerase transcripts may indirectly but notably impact the structure and activity
51 elomeric SSBs may not only give rise to DSBs indirectly, but also promote DSB repair by inducing R-lo
52 either directly through dietary delivery or indirectly by altered expression of endogenous sRNA may
54 y by engaging conjugated ubiquitin chains or indirectly by binding to shuttle factors Rad23/HR23, Dsk
55 cer therapies kill tumors either directly or indirectly by evoking immune responses and have been com
57 tion of global warming beliefs and attitudes indirectly by helping to develop an ecological ethic tha
58 geting SOX11 directly by RNA interference or indirectly by IL-21 treatment induced toxicity in SOX11(
60 or self-derived Ags, which can be quantified indirectly by measuring surface expression levels of CD5
61 onse to Candida in human blood mainly occurs indirectly by mediators released from monocytic cells.
62 n directly by altering abiotic conditions or indirectly by modifying habitats, yet few studies have i
63 pacting their photosynthetic metabolism, and indirectly by modifying the physical environment in whic
64 activating auditory cortical areas, and also indirectly by modulating the strength of cortical respon
66 d and induces Frizzled3 hyperphosphorylation indirectly by recruiting other kinases and also directly
68 s we identified genes regulated directly and indirectly by RFX1, RFX2 and RFX3 in mouse ependymal cel
69 directly by interacting with tumour cells or indirectly by shaping the tumour microenvironment (TME).
71 with ECM genes and may regulate these genes indirectly by targeting the chondrogenic regulators SP1
72 tween alterations directly induced by HPV or indirectly by the need for immortalization or selection.
73 re neuropathy) from those caused directly or indirectly by the virus, including infectious, para-infe
74 However, viral uptake by D. magna occurred indirectly by viral transfer from prey to predator, thro
75 rectly, by influencing phenotype, as well as indirectly, by influencing the external social environme
76 s balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, either indirectly, by its influence on air temperatures and win
77 MTs)and modulate their dynamics directly and indirectly, by recruiting essential factors to fine-tune
78 e of asthma that is likely to be directly or indirectly captured by combinations of physiological tes
79 uced high mutation frequency on mtDNA can be indirectly caused by oxidation of the mitochondrial repl
81 homa by genetic alterations that directly or indirectly change the function of transcription factors
86 hat the increased H3K27me3 could directly or indirectly contribute to the transcription repression of
87 effects on microtubule acetylation, EB1 also indirectly contributes to infection by delivering the pl
88 r cingulate in a pattern that allows them to indirectly control downstream activity from the anterior
92 e and mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase) or indirectly (cysteine aminotransferase) in H(2)S biogenes
94 , we aim to establish a label-free method to indirectly detect infections and to identify the cause o
98 irectly (i.e., increasing precipitation) and indirectly (e.g., decreasing disturbance) and suggest fu
100 field data and novel mathematical models to indirectly estimate the magnitude of mortality induced b
102 nnections that pass through the lesion, thus indirectly estimating its impact on the whole brain conn
104 tion of derivatives were assayed in vitro to indirectly evaluate their effect on COX-1 and COX-2.
105 iol-containing polymer chains can thereby be indirectly evidenced by the formation of oxidation produ
106 anisotropies of those fluorophores that are indirectly excited by homo-FRET (r(ET)) do not compromis
107 e anti-tumor immune responses by directly or indirectly excluding effector CD8+ T cells from the tumo
108 erance to subsequent skin allografts through indirectly expanded nTreg leading to dominant tolerance
111 he eraser (JMJ14) directly and writer (SDG2) indirectly for H3K4me3 modification, leading to rhythmic
113 of actual pathogens and estimating exposure indirectly from imprecise measurements of pathogens in t
114 ich are occasionally transmitted-directly or indirectly-from them to other species, including domesti
117 of IVIg on monoclonal antibody clearance and indirectly hint at an IVIg mechanism of action in treati
119 olite formation, whereby viruses directly or indirectly impact microbial metabolisms that govern the
121 r, the same electron capture property of ETL indirectly impacts halide ion mobility as evident from t
123 care-based longitudinal payment models have indirectly improved HF care quality and cardiovascular c
126 triguing species that has only been observed indirectly in the gas phase, and because of its high rea
127 , whose existence has been shown so far only indirectly in white adipose tissue and still continues t
130 ing income inequality in a role-playing task indirectly increases women's intentions to wear revealin
132 stress and nutrient conditions directly and indirectly induce greater food consumption by herbivores
133 lly, we show that hepatic EGFR expression is indirectly induced by BA-FXR through activation of suppr
134 complementary CG dinucleotides) can be only indirectly inferred by overlaying the methylation freque
135 opulations and our theoretical framework for indirectly inferring parasite-induced mortality can be a
136 ot-associated entomopathogenic fungi (R-AEF) indirectly influence herbivorous insect performance.
139 ing novel evidence that sexual selection may indirectly influence open- versus closed-ended learning.
140 f so, carbon costs of fungal symbionts could indirectly influence plant drought tolerance through sto
142 tion and socio-economic factors directly and indirectly influence visitor attendance and in situ proj
143 lopment, respectively, and that behavior was indirectly influenced by mitochondrial respiration throu
147 esults indicate that 4-MUG both directly and indirectly inhibits HA synthesis and that the effective
148 actory circuits of flies and mice, serotonin indirectly inhibits odor responses in olfactory receptor
149 hollow fibers within a bioreactor where they indirectly interact with immune cells flowing within the
151 ate that neutrophils in the lung directly or indirectly interfere with the development of a protectiv
152 teins (LLSPs), comprise proteins directly or indirectly involved in inflammation, including cytokines
153 ent expression of TdDof could be directly or indirectly involved in the negative regulation of PCD.
155 7-92 cluster inhibits expression of TAL1 and indirectly leads to decreased stability of the TAL1 tran
158 of several metabolites that are directly or indirectly linked to glycine-serine metabolism, further
159 drive specific phenotypic outcomes that are indirectly linked to translation and suggests caution in
160 ness of PET scans with (11)C-(R)-rolipram to indirectly measure increased cAMP pathway activation in
163 g beta-adrenoceptor agonists is likely to be indirectly mediated by smoking because smoking has a str
165 ow CLN3, by its interaction with KChIP3, may indirectly modulate Kv4.2 channel expression and functio
167 on, subsets of dopamine neurons directly and indirectly modulate the activity of interconnected gluta
168 ystem, while Fnr directly regulated but also indirectly modulated citrate fermentation genes via cont
170 hrough interaction with OGG1, and that SIRT1 indirectly modulates BER of 8-oxoG by controlling RECQL4
171 ngs show that F. nucleatum both directly and indirectly modulates immune and cancer cell signaling an
173 ging technologies that have the potential to indirectly monitor changes of metabolism and mitochondri
175 es Treg-cell-specific chromatin architecture indirectly, mostly by decreasing the expression of other
176 pression through formation of the male gonad indirectly negatively impacts the potential for local in
177 ate (MAM) model to determine whether POM may indirectly normalize DA neuron activity in a model repre
183 tion of STAT3 and SMAD2, suggesting that VHL indirectly or directly regulates these critical signalin
184 on and become photoexcited, then directly or indirectly oxidize a volatile organic compound (VOC), re
185 mediated resonant frequency modulation which indirectly points to the possible control of inevitable
188 , 34-201) cases, while the MenACWY programme indirectly prevented an additional 114 (conservative) to
189 at alpha band activity reflects, directly or indirectly, processes that help to overcome an individua
190 s how circulating factors either directly or indirectly promote cachexia development and examine how
191 preserve critical trophic interactions that indirectly promote coral success via control of local po
193 ontrast, our findings demonstrate that IL-27 indirectly promotes an inflammatory cytokine response du
195 ity currents can be inferred and utilized to indirectly quantify the entropy production rate, but thi
197 ich repeat receptors (NLRs) that directly or indirectly recognize pathogen effectors and activate an
198 results demonstrate that Stattic directly or indirectly reduces histone acetylation and suggest reeva
199 n reduces chloride absorption in the CCD and indirectly reduces principal cell epithelial sodium chan
200 ators may facilitate lower trophic levels by indirectly reducing competition and resource overexploit
201 l taxon-taxon co-occurrences may directly or indirectly reflect the potential relationships between t
202 lowing restraint stress suggests that it can indirectly regulate DA neuron activity, which may underl
205 h meiosis, but the extent to which androgens indirectly regulate specific meiotic stages is not known
206 ese predictors at a specific time point will indirectly regulate their role in cleaner-client interac
207 ergic state of thermogenic adipocytes, which indirectly regulate tolerogenic responses in intestinal
209 mary, PGs are inflammation-responsive lipids indirectly regulated by the gut microbiota via endotoxin
211 in response to ethanol and ammonia, DR1/NC2 indirectly regulated transcription of RhBG during ethano
213 er, these data support a model in which VtlR indirectly regulates hundreds of genes via manipulation
216 participants were also scanned while viewing indirectly related elements of the overlapping memories
217 DG/CA(2,3) and subiculum representations for indirectly related images (A and C) became less similar,
218 egration in CA(1), where representations for indirectly related memory elements became more similar a
219 learning-related representational change for indirectly related memory elements in hippocampal subfie
221 lopment of a local glassmaking tradition was indirectly related to the wider processes of Islamizatio
222 dated; the number of partner HIV testing was indirectly reported by participants because of difficult
223 f immune checkpoint proteins are directly or indirectly repressed by microRNAs (miRs) in many types o
224 in the major groove and provides a means to indirectly select only these inappropriately placed aden
225 changes at later time points, as alleles are indirectly selected due to remaining associations with s
226 gnaling unit and suggest that chemoreceptors indirectly sequester the kinase and substrate domains to
227 tion with select target transcripts and thus indirectly stabilizes mRNA of a known virulence factor,
228 dence and mortality rate of cervical cancer, indirectly standardised incidence ratio and mortality ra
230 inally, beta-cell neogenesis was shown to be indirectly stimulated by CORT because serum from CORT-tr
231 medical and veterinary practices directly or indirectly subvert this 'illness-mediated anorexia'.
232 eneficial effect on bone health directly and indirectly, suggesting a potential role for LAT1 in bone
234 o maintained epigenetic identity, in part by indirectly supporting the repression of developmentally
235 tes differentiated acinar cell programs, and indirectly suppresses oncogenic and epithelial-mesenchym
236 onomous canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling indirectly suppresses prostate stem or progenitor activi
237 omotes apoptosis of Treg cells and therefore indirectly sustains generation of inflammatory T(H) cell
239 oxorubicin and gamma-irradiation directly or indirectly target nucleotide biosynthesis, creating stre
240 hese findings demonstrate the feasibility of indirectly targeting the human OFC with non-invasive cTB
241 lar dichroism (FDCD) spectroscopy to measure indirectly the differential absorption of circularly pol
242 oncrete infrastructure and thereby to reduce indirectly the enormous carbon footprint of concrete.
243 a repressor of Igf2 and affects directly or indirectly the transcriptional regulation of thousands o
245 ptional regulator that controls, directly or indirectly, the expression of dozens of genes and operon
246 gion in luminal breast cancer cell lines and indirectly through a distal estrogen-responsive region i
247 ectly while influencing functional diversity indirectly through alterations to soil structure and nut
248 at loss of Jedi-1 alters DRG neuron activity indirectly through an intercellular interaction between
252 c myosins support the prothrombinase complex indirectly through contaminating phospholipid and also s
253 ssion was associated with Stroop performance indirectly through D2R in HC and D3R in CUD participants
254 pecies interact directly with each other and indirectly through environmental effects, however to our
255 that cues only affected implicit adaptation indirectly through generalization around explicit strate
256 through its binding to corresponding RNAs or indirectly through its effect on transcription factors.
257 ales, we quantify responses that are induced indirectly through other species, including probabilisti
258 , and may impair immune function directly or indirectly through proinflammatory and vitamin D-suppres
259 obal emissions of nitrous oxide directly and indirectly through provision of nitrite and, after furth
260 hat the effects of fire on bumble bees acted indirectly through pulsed resource availability, it is l
261 their cooperative binding is mostly mediated indirectly through regulation of chromatin accessibility
262 ar mineral ion homeostasis both directly and indirectly through systemic changes in vitamin D and min
264 a source of reducing equivalents, as well as indirectly through the replenishment of intracellular gl
265 nts of smoking increase type 2 diabetes risk indirectly through their relationship with obesity.
266 ee Secretion needles into host membranes, or indirectly through translocated bacterial effector prote
267 tabolites are known to interact directly and indirectly (through irreversible protein binding and pro
268 y, through modulation of viral infection, or indirectly, through alteration of inflammatory status.
269 g domain and unstructured linker region, and indirectly, through an allosteric effect exerted by the
271 receptors specific for bacterial ligands, or indirectly, through danger receptors that bind host mole
272 e genus Chlamydia, may act both directly and indirectly to allow the pathogen to evade the innate and
273 chymal stromal cells contribute directly and indirectly to both tumor immune escape and the metastati
276 legans cholinergic motor neurons (MNs), acts indirectly to prevent alternative neuronal identities (F
283 ing directly on a charged substrate but also indirectly via coupling to all other mobile ions, causin
284 aturation, which represses CDKN1A expression indirectly via EZH2, thereby accelerating cell-cycle tra
285 nous form, either via direct interference or indirectly via gene regulation, and may suggest evolutio
286 tion, IL-1beta enhanced T cell functionality indirectly via its actions on radio-resistant host cells
288 cells of the immune system both directly and indirectly via shifts in the composition of the intestin
289 s further suggest that mating may inhibit HC indirectly via the broader range of MAG-induced female r
290 k directly via the androgen receptor (AR) or indirectly via the estrogen receptor through aromatase c
292 like sympathetic nerves, which regulate HSCs indirectly via the niche(3,4,6), CGRP acts directly on H
293 y via traits that affect partner fitness and indirectly via traits that influence interactions among
294 ton both directly, via F-actin bundling, and indirectly, via actin-activated nucleotidyl cyclase acti
295 t can impact human welfare both directly and indirectly, via shocks to ecosystems and the services th
296 ow CodY controls gene expression directly or indirectly, virtually nothing is known about the extent
298 s is correct, targeting NETs directly and/or indirectly with existing drugs may reduce the clinical s
299 cellular activity; it interacts, directly or indirectly, with a number of proteins beyond the IL-6 si
300 hod to infer a borrower's sexual orientation indirectly without a self-identification requirement and