ライフサイエンスコーパス: infectious dose

1 lets at 10(4.5) TCID(50) (50% tissue culture infectious dose).

2 at 1 x 10(5) times the median tissue culture infectious dose).

3 d from 104 to 107 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infectious dose).

4 ually acquired infection, because of a small infectious dose.

5 and is inversely proportional to the initial infectious dose.

6 ary infection, but with little change in the infectious dose.

7 s detected by PCR, and did not increase with infectious dose.

8 rne pathogens causing serious disease at low infectious dose.

9 nd progressively more severe with increasing infectious dose.

10 , 8, or 10 birds) had no effect upon the 50% infectious dose.

11 ection enhanced viral replication from a low infectious dose.

12 read public health threat and has a very low infectious dose.

13 es at concentrations that are well-below the infectious dose.

14 ed one million fatalities per annum at a low infectious dose.

15 ring rotavirus doses of greater than one 50% infectious dose.

16 inked both to the viral replication rate and infectious dose.

17 ), and 1-10 (group 3) cynomolgus macaque HEV infectious doses.

18 ased significantly in response to increasing infectious doses.

19 doses, and even more virulent when using low infectious doses.

20 ed from the lungs of mice compared to higher infectious doses.

21 ice upon intranasal challenge with 1 million infectious doses.

22 ets inoculated with 10(3) 50% tissue culture infectious doses.

23 At a relatively high infectious dose (1 x 10(5) pfu/cornea): (1) CD4-deficien

24 In contrast, even at the highest infectious dose (1 x 10(8) PFU per eye), d34.5 was less

25 irulent (23 of 23 survivors) than the normal infectious dose (2 x 10(5) PFU per eye) of marker-rescue

26 ase even after peripheral challenge with low infectious doses (31 in a total of 410 days).

27 challenge (using 10 or 100 times the minimum infectious dose), 42% of vaccinated rats cleared infecti

28 llenged intrarectally with either 500 monkey infectious dose 50 (MID50) of the PGDM1400-sensitive vir

29 The airborne infectious dose 50 for each virus was based on the expos

30 An optimal dose of 10(7) tissue culture infectious dose 50 was reached that caused mild to moder

31 Approximately 7 log(10) tissue culture infectious dose(50) (TCID(50)) of EBOV/Mak was exposed t

32 Chronic HTLV VLs may be related to the infectious dose acquired at the time of infection, with

33 erum-derived wild-type HBV (5,000 chimpanzee infectious doses administered intravenously), despite ro

34 he human strain 027/BI/NAP1, establishing an infectious dose-age relationship.

35 or Shiga toxin-producing pathogen, has a low infectious dose and causes serious illness in humans.

36 k compensated for any initial differences in infectious dose and exceeded the threshold for transmiss

37 To examine the relationship between the infectious dose and gammaherpesvirus latency, we inocula

38 the level of memory induced was dependent on infectious dose and inversely correlated with the magnit

39 These pathogens have a low infectious dose and may cause life-threatening illnesses

40 a potential biological threat due to its low infectious dose and multiple routes of entry.

41 ivity, as measured by the 50% tissue culture infectious dose and nested PCR analysis of proviral DNA.

42 The 50% tissue culture infectious dose and p24 antigen concentration for each v

43 The H5N1 virus also has a low infectious dose and remains virulent at low doses.

44 mmaherpesvirus latency is independent of the infectious dose and route of infection.

45 as conditional: it could be overcome by high infectious dose and the arthritis became severe when hig

46 notorious foodborne pathogen due to its low infectious dose and the disease symptoms it causes, whic

47 latter was estimated using a model based on infectious dose and the sensitivity of nucleic acid test

48 ctic H. pylori isolates had an increased 50% infectious dose and were greatly outcompeted when coinfe

49 At all infectious doses and in both tissues, the V delta 6.3+ p

50 ifferences were observed in intravaginal 50% infectious doses and in challenge infections, with the W

51 t this model to include analysis of multiple infectious doses and various tissues with comparison to

52 C57BL/6N mice could not be overcome by high infectious doses and was independent of spirochete level

53 infects over 250 different hosts, has a low infectious dose, and causes high morbidity and mortality

54 Clades, route of exposure, infectious dose, and host immune response are the main f

55 ended on the duration of MCMV infection, the infectious dose, and MCMV gene expression but was indepe

56 characterized by high infectivity rate, low infectious dose, and unusually high stability outside th

57 e when mice are challenged with intermediate infectious doses, and even more virulent when using low

58 nfection diminishes more rapidly, and higher infectious doses are required to obtain infection rates

59 rain exhibits a 100-fold increase in the 50% infectious dose, as well as a 100-fold defect in competi

60 mean yields of 3 x 10(7) 50% tissue culture infectious dose by 72 h infection in Huh-7 cells.

61 s of 47.6% at the 4 log(10) 50% cell culture infectious dose (CCID(50)) and 76.7% at the 5 log(10) CC

62 Even with increased infectious doses, CD4 T cells display this restricted pr

63 k was determined to be 5 x 10(5) 50% chicken infectious doses (CID(50)) per ml.

64 approximately 1.8-log10 reduction in the 50% infectious dose compared to that for wild-type A. pyogen

65 ence of variants of concern as it relates to infectious dose, consequence of overall pathogenicity, a

66 E. coli O157:H7, which has an unusually low infectious dose, could be induced by quorum sensing of s

67 immediate, transient, calcium dependent, and infectious dose dependent and was unaffected by a broad-

68 ets infected intranasally with 10(7) 50% egg infectious doses (EID(50)) of either H5N1 virus exhibite

69 for studying pathogenesis, determining virus infectious doses, evaluating disinfectants and antiviral

70 the end of the disease, the estimated total infectious dose excreted in faeces by an infected deer o

71 Due to its aerosolizable nature and low infectious dose, F. tularensis is classified as a catego

72 The 50% chicken infectious dose for A/MuteSwan/MI/451072-2/06 and three

73 The infectious dose for biofilm-derived V. cholerae was orde

74 ple at less than 500 CFU mL(-1), the minimum infectious dose for C. jejuni while a commercial ELISA k

75 The median infectious dose for C3H mice was 10(4) to 10(5) organism

76 The 50% mosquito infectious dose for each of DENV-1-4 ranged from 6.29 to

77 Currently, the infectious dose for humans, as well as whether the disea

78 dose-response experiment found that the 50% infectious dose for male urethral infection was 78 inclu

79 preliminary projection of the still-unknown infectious dose for the disease.

80 w York State Department of Health enumerates infectious dose from primary patient and food samples an

81 the infected hamsters contained > or =10(10) infectious doses/g.

82 An/13 was found to have a low 50% infectious dose, grow to high titers in the upper respir

83 of the G. mellonella larvae that was strain, infectious dose, growth phase, and T4SS dependent.

84 bacterial clearance and were resistant to an infectious dose (>10(6) CFU/mouse) that was uniformly le

85 se after inoculation with 10 million hamster infectious doses, hamster scrapie infectivity persists i

86 ol (three administrations of 10 median horse infectious doses [HID(50)], intravenous) designed to mim

87 ve cells as quantified by 50% tissue culture infectious doses, however, was only 0.0006 to 0.005% of

88 00-fold higher than the corresponding median infectious dose (ID(50)) values measured by bioassay.

89 To establish the 50% infectious dose (ID(50)), C3H/HeN (H-2(k)) male mice wer

90 ted spirochetal surface adhesins, on the 50% infectious dose (ID(50)), dissemination, tissue coloniza

91 To determine the 50% infectious dose (ID(50)), male mice were inoculated with

92 of RNA per reaction and 10(-1.3 - -0.7) 50% infectious doses (ID(50)) per reaction for cultured viru

93 , and viral yield was very poor at 2 x 10(4) infectious doses (ID)/ml.

94 s in experimental mice (as determined by 50% infectious dose [ID(50)]) relative to wild-type spiroche

95 n in mice and hamsters revealed that the 50% infectious dose (ID50 ) of spores was significantly high

96 The 50% infectious dose (ID50) and lethal dose (LD50) of virus w

97 The 50% infectious dose (ID50) in hamsters was determined.

98 sting reduces PrP(TSE), resulting in one 50% infectious dose (ID50) remaining in every 5600 kg of fin

99 The median infectious dose (ID50) was 5.1 x 105 GEC.

100 he endpoint dilution assay's output, the 50% infectious dose (ID50), is calculated using the Reed-Mue

101 d to nearly a 10(4)-fold increase in the 50% infectious dose (ID50).

102 T10 SCI rats and controls had median infectious doses (ID50) of 10(2) and 10(5) CFU, respecti

103 the two LDVs and detects as little as 10 50% infectious doses (ID50) of LDV.

104 rice-water' stools have a 10-fold lower oral infectious dose in an animal model than in vitro grown V

105 These data also suggest that the infectious dose is as low as one organism, that rats tha

106 Although a large initial infectious dose is required for infection, data suggests

107 ia small droplet-aerosols and has a very low infectious dose it is characterized as a category A Sele

108 Low mean bird infectious doses (<2 to 3.7 log10) support direct introd

109 The 50% human infectious dose measured is higher than previous estimat

110 cted foci were as high as the tissue culture infectious doses measured in human peripheral blood mono

111 completely protected against 100 50% monkey infectious doses (MID50) of DENV-4, as indicated by the

112 MP assay was as low as 1.62x10(1) 50% embryo infectious dose/mL of virus in both regular samples and

113 Median tissue culture infectious dose/mL was 1780 (interquartile range, 282-85

114 ters of unconcentrated virus up to 5 x 10(5) infectious doses/ml.

115 HCV in a chimpanzee was approximately 10(4) infectious doses/mL.

116 e pools had titers of 10(3)-10(5) chimpanzee infectious doses/mL.

117 virus, SHIV89.6P, we compared the 50% animal infectious dose needed to achieve systemic infection aft

118 No differences in the 95% infectious dose occurred between strains with regard to

119 mately 2.6 x 10(3) spores, below the anthrax infectious dose of 10(4) spores.

120 ulting in 40% or higher survival rates at an infectious dose of 40 LD50.

121 n tests was at or below a 50% tissue culture infectious dose of 62.5, and the positive percent agreem

122 pesvirus pathogenesis, it is unclear how the infectious dose of a virus influences its ability to est

123 res/mL was obtained, which is well-below the infectious dose of anthrax spores at 2.5 x 10(5) spores/

124 Our findings reveal a 50% infectious dose of approximately 10 colony-forming units

125 to OspC, the animals were challenged with an infectious dose of B. burgdorferi B31 by tick bite.

126 conversion, the mice were challenged with an infectious dose of B. burgdorferi B31 via the natural tr

127 The infectious dose of Cryptosporidium varies by several ord

128 At the highest infectious dose of d34.5, the spontaneous reactivation r

129 rickle immunized by being orally fed a small infectious dose of E. tenella oocysts for 5 consecutive

130 cute disease in two animals, while a similar infectious dose of EIAV(17TM) (which derives SU from the

131 The minimum infectious dose of H. pylori J166 was 10(4) bacteria in

132 We sought to determine the infectious dose of Helicobacter pylori during primary an

133 At a relatively low infectious dose of HSV-1 (10(3) pfu/cornea) severe HSK d

134 y mediate HSK, but, in their absence, a high infectious dose of HSV-1 can induce histologically simil

135 Emitters surpassed the airborne 50% human infectious dose of influenza virus at all sample locatio

136 These results suggest that the infectious dose of naturally occurring biofilms of V. ch

137 The small infectious dose of NLV, the large quantity of virus part

138 The low 50% infectious dose of P. yoelii in BALB/c mice provides the

139 d resistance property contributes to the low infectious dose of pathogenic E. coli species.

140 s were inoculated with 10 50% tissue culture infectious dose of pre-alpha wild-type SARS-CoV-2 (Asp61

141 in virus infectivity; the 50% tissue culture infectious dose of primary isolates was 25 to 30 times l

142 019 (COVID-19) is likely associated with the infectious dose of SARS-CoV-2 exposure.

143 ns and seroconversion, we estimated that the infectious dose of SARS-CoV-2 in aged animals is ~32 PFU

144 Overall, these data indicate that a lower infectious dose of the Alpha variant, compared to lineag

145 by inoculating animals with 10(10.5) 50% egg infectious dose of the latter virus and identified a mut

146 noculation with 7 x 10(6) 50% tissue culture infectious dose of the MERS-CoV isolate HCoV-EMC/2012, r

147 d foundation for assessing their role in the infectious dose of the pathogens when contaminated fresh

148 In this study, we have modulated the infectious dose of the poxvirus vaccinia virus as an app

149 en when inoculated with only a single animal infectious dose of the virus by the intravaginal route.

150 likely to get infected when exposed to lower infectious dose of the virus than young animals, and the

151 An understanding of the infectious dose of these viruses is important for risk a

152 ad range of epitope expression with the same infectious dose of virus.

153 quential rechallenge with 100 50% chimpanzee infectious doses of a heterologous type 1a (H77) and 1b

154 uvant and were challenged with 10(6) 50% egg infectious doses of A/HK/213/03, A/HK/156/97, or A/Vietn

155 each inoculated with 5 x 10(4.5) 50% chicken infectious doses of avian HEV by the oronasal route, gro

156 of P. aeruginosa infection by allowing lower infectious doses of bacteria to induce disease and promo

157 ieved with a minimum of 2,500 tissue culture infectious doses of cell-free virus stock, and there was

158 e we use a rapid in vitro assay to show that infectious doses of CWD prions are in fact shed througho

159 Thus, at increasing infectious doses of d34.5, both spontaneous reactivation

160 ians and African Americans with expected low infectious doses of HCV but not in those with high-dose

161 1 chimpanzees challenged with 100 chimpanzee infectious doses of heterologous genotypes, 6 developed

162 Here, we inoculated pregnant mice with two infectious doses of IAV and evaluated peak innate and ad

163 patients with influenza could be exposed to infectious doses of influenza virus, primarily in small-

164 we subjected B. dubia roaches to a range of infectious doses of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia c

165 3 once-weekly exposures to 10 tissue culture infectious doses of SHIV(SF162P3) resulted in consistent

166 challenged intrarectally with 50 50% animal infectious doses of SHIV89.6P 3 weeks after the last imm

167 were challenged intravenously with 10 monkey infectious doses of SIVmac239.

168 tly challenged with thirty 50% rhesus monkey infectious doses of SIVmac251 6 weeks after the last vac

169 ice were inoculated intracerebrally with low infectious doses of SY and challenged 80 days later with

170 s against subsequent challenge with 10 mouse infectious doses of the laboratory-adapted T-cell-tropic

171 llowing intravenous challenge with 20 animal infectious doses of the pathogenic SIV(Mne) in a long-te

172 in chimpanzees subsequently challenged with infectious doses of virus.

173 nged in groups of four with 10 rhesus monkey infectious doses of wild-type, pathogenic SIVmac251 at w

174 tory drop size distributions, we estimate an infectious dose on the order of 10 aerosol-borne virions

175 In this study, the effects of increasing infectious dose on the severity of arthritis were determ

176 tion at a dose of 1 x 109 50% tissue culture infectious dose on treatment days 22, 36, 50, 64, 78, an

177 at 2 x 10(4) times the median tissue culture infectious dose) or a high-dose group (two doses at 1 x

178 iled to cause lethal encephalitis (at higher infectious doses) or induce the inflammatory responses a

179 were compatible with what is known about the infectious dose, our results are most consistent with an

180 infected deer would shed thousands of prion infectious doses over the course of CWD infection.

181 is reduced by 102.4-103.9 50% tissue-culture infectious doses per gram of tissue, and the severity of

182 (approximately 10(7.7)-10(9.5) woodchuck 50% infectious doses per milliliter [WID(50%)/mL] by subcuta

183 s scrapie in blood plasma exceeded 10(7) 50% infectious doses per milliliter.

184 (non-infectious) of up to 5.4log(10)50% egg infectious doses per mL, with a mean and median of 3.0lo

185 e limit of detection of the bioassay was 0.2 infectious doses per mL.

186 nce) at 10(4.5) TCID(50) (50% tissue culture infectious dose) per pig.

187 Surprisingly, when inoculated with equal infectious doses (PFU), even the most replication-defici

188 The total number of infectious doses present in the blood pool was 220, out

189 We modeled the concentration of infectious doses (quanta) and estimated the individual r

190 I magnitude was directly proportional to the infectious dose, reaching a setpoint by midlife.

191 ential bioterrorism agent because of its low infectious dose; resistance to heat, drying, and common

192 eekly vaginal exposures to 50 tissue culture infectious dose SHIV162p3.

193 Infectious dose studies indicated that 8-fold more B. bu

194 nN mice, arthritis severity was dependent on infectious dose; symptoms were mild with infection by 20

195 k rapidly peaked at 10(9) 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID(50)) per ml, but systemic infectio

196 s using a dose of 1x10(1) 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID(50)) pre-alpha SARS-CoV-2 virus.

197 ranging from 0.59 to 87.5 50% tissue culture infectious doses (TCID(50)) per reaction depending on th

198 k virus titers of 10(5.1) 50% tissue culture infectious doses (TCID(50))/ml and 10(5.5) TCID(50)/ml o

199 intranasally with 10(4.5) 50% tissue-culture infectious-dose (TCID(50)) of SARS-CoV-2.

200 anasal doses (up to 10 10 50% tissue culture infectious dose [TCID 50 ]) of MORV were not associated

201 orming units (4.3 x 10(8) 50% tissue culture infectious dose [TCID(50)]; MVA-NP+M1 group) or saline p

202 l dose of SUDV (1 x 10(4) 50% tissue culture infectious doses [TCID(50)] SUDV-Gulu, backtitred as 1.1

203 count of 106 using the median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) assay.

204 The 1000 median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) dose produced moderate colds in

205 an intranasal dose of 108 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) M2-deficient single replication

206 .54, 2.77, and 3.72 log10 50% tissue culture infectious doses (TCID50)/mL, respectively.

207 -induced cytotoxicity, median tissue culture infectious dose [TCID50] reduction, and immunofluorimetr

208 duction (0.7 to 1.5 log10 50% tissue culture infectious dose [TCID50]) in nasal wash viral titers and

209 alth complications and utilizes a much lower infectious dose than other E. coli pathotypes.

210 318 were found to have a 100-fold-higher 50% infectious dose than spirochetes containing bb0318 In ad

211 registered only a slight increase in the 50% infectious dose than the control in SCID mice but a dram

212 i (STEC) is a food-borne pathogen with a low infectious dose that colonizes the colon in humans and c

213 The infectious dose that led to consistent dissemination to

214 produced lethal disease when administered at infectious doses that were 6- to 30-fold higher than a l

215 ind, for a typical SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infectious dose, that social distancing alone, even at 3

216 Analysis revealed the size of the infectious dose, the underlying mechanism of parasite de

217 At all infectious doses, the levels of spirochetes in ankle joi

218 different types of beta-lactamases above the infectious dose threshold within 90 min that does not re

219 om early use of threshold concepts ("minimal infectious dose") thru multiple generations of models.

220 before B. pertussis inoculation reduced the infectious dose to <100 CFU, and reintroduction of singl

221 rom BALB/cAnN mice increased with increasing infectious dose to levels found in severely arthritic C3

222 relatively small inocula, yet the effect of infectious dose upon CD4 T cell activation is not clearl

223 -2 challenges, as indicated by increased 50% infectious dose values relative to those for vehicle-tre

224 ermore, Sf9-rAAV had a higher tissue culture infectious dose/viral genome than HEK-rAAV, indicating b

225 Thus, when the infectious dose was adjusted, the two assays were equall

226 The 50% human infectious dose was calculated to be 3.3 reverse transcr

227 The median infectious dose was estimated to be 300 oocysts for huma

228 After the infectious dose was increased to 10(6) CFU/mouse, 70% mo

229 A unique response to increasing infectious dose was seen in C57BL/6N mice, which display

230 (day 3) after infection if a relatively low infectious dose was used; however, transferring fewer me

231 Finally, by analyzing the 50% infectious dose, we found that motility is needed for in

232 he blood pool was 220, out of which only 3.5 infectious doses were associated with platelets.

233 olonization densities were lower and minimum infectious doses were higher for mutant strains than for

234 etween 4 and 27 times the 50% tissue culture infectious dose, were sufficient to cause a lethal, repr

235 ust 0.01-0.1% of the challenge stock, at sub-infectious doses when administered alone, effectively ab

236 r. inoculation of approximately 3 50% animal infectious doses, which is close to the threshold requir

237 3H/He mice developed severe arthritis at all infectious doses, with 100% infection requiring 200 spir