ライフサイエンスコーパス: inoculum

1 cient invasion by the bacteria (<0.1% of the inoculum).

2 be greater than that of infected vectors or inoculum.

3 then evaluated the mCIM using a 10-mul loop inoculum.

4 ther by mosquito bite or using a blood-stage inoculum.

5 pared to mice challenged with MM132 or LM132 inoculum.

6 l) triggered the fungal metabolism in the co-inoculum.

7 s, including those originally present at low inoculum.

8 was among the metabolites secreted into the inoculum.

9 crop pathosystems characterized by airborne inoculum.

10 tation as the result of moving to the 10-mul inoculum.

11 nant population found in the viral challenge inoculum.

12 tional to the parasite number in the initial inoculum.

13 ginally were infected with standardized WHV7 inoculum.

14 h less than that seen after an infected-cell inoculum.

15 aised against the V regions expressed in the inoculum.

16 infect guinea pigs that received a low-dose inoculum.

17 th media, or microbial community used as the inoculum.

18 and use of the resulting liquid as a starter inoculum.

19 +) T cell activation and the amount of virus inoculum.

20 been related to problems with filtering the inoculum.

21 uences from vaccinees, and 63 from the virus inoculum.

22 th 100% sequence homology, compared with HBV inoculum.

23 resent in the cells of the aerobically grown inoculum.

24 n different amounts depending on the type of inoculum.

25 founding bacteria, reflecting a physiologic inoculum.

26 t of a previously tested conventional RV-A16 inoculum.

27 ions of fine cocoa, type Scavina, as starter inoculum.

28 model of MeV encephalitis even with a lower inoculum.

29 y depends on the virulence of the chlamydial inoculum.

30 2 different states depending on the initial inoculum.

31 alpha(-/-) mice with low-dose C. trachomatis inoculums.

32 res using it could be transferred with a low inoculum (0.5 to 1.5% vol/vol), it may act as an electro

33 The concentration of pneumococcal inoculum (1 x 10(6) to 1 x 10(8) CFU/mouse) and postinfe

34 In contrast, a sublethal inoculum (1 x 10(7) CFU) of BG2 caused less neutrophil i

35 affected in the presence of higher bacterial inoculum (10(7) CFU/mL) or by lowering the pH in standar

36 ized by endemic disease and free movement of inoculum) (10,15) , and regions with genetic similaritie

37 51% after 48 h), the OM digestibility of the inoculum (13% after 48 h) itself was of significance in

38 The initial inoculum, a filtered clinical stool sample from the inde

39 . pneumoniae When KPPR1 was removed from the inoculum, a second strain emerged to achieve high number

40 egrity, and surfactin treatment of the virus inoculum ablated infection in vivo Finally, similar cycl

41 s developed from an activated sludge sample (inoculum), acetate as electron donor and a poised electr

42 Overall, glucose added at 1.8 wt % and soil inoculum added at 0.1 wt % provided the most effective m

43 s of organic carbon complexity and microbial inoculum addition rates on the performance of these trea

44 clinical disease outcomes and the volume of inoculum administered and investigated these differences

45 However, the contributions of the volume of inoculum administered and the ferret's respiratory tract

46 ase outcome were the result of the volume of inoculum administered.

47 (sucrose - 50% w/v, m-FTase dose - 4.5% w/v, inoculum age - 48 h and incubation time - 24 h) reached

48 In contrast, clumped inoculum allowed the proliferation of several different

49 The expectorated viral inoculum also contains an assortment of mosquito salivar

50 tion conditions (32.4 degrees C, pH 7.1, and inoculum amount of 2.5 x 10(7) cfu/mL), P. veronii JW3-6

51 Once inoculum and catholyte were added to the MFC, a current

52 t and wild-type mothers, we showed that both inoculum and genotype shape microbiota populations in th

53 ce between the populations of viruses in the inoculum and in lymphoid tissue taken at 35 dpi.

54 The proportion of each variant within each inoculum and in plasma from infected animals was determi

55 solani from the standpoint of spores as seed inoculum and media selection for enhanced Taxol and bacc

56 clear but might include differences in start inoculum and niche-specific factors such as oxygen level

57 hat depends on the size of the initial viral inoculum and parameters that describe virus-cell interac

58 that impacted the results the most were high inoculum and pH 5.5 (no growth of H. influenzae and S. p

59 festans (causal agent of potato late blight) inoculum and the subsequent risk of infection.

60 e of liver disease was mediated by the virus inoculum and/or by host factors, including breed, age, a

61 grown with or without arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum, and after 2 wk, plants were inoculated or mock

62 The effects of increased C. difficile inoculum, and pre-exposure to simulated gastric intestin

63 , and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and from the inoculum, and the SIV envelope fragment was amplified by

64 lavin when grown in a highly dense bacterial inoculum ( approximately 10(11) CFU/ml) on solid media,

65 rthropod-derived components within the viral inoculum are increasingly acknowledged to play a role in

66 findings support short distance movement of inoculum as the main spread of disease in the groves stu

67 MM-biocathode was similar to that of the MM inoculum but was enriched in Spirochaetes and other none

68 ngs grew similarly when provided sterile EMF inoculum, but drought-tolerant seedlings grew 25% larger

69 here is a robust phenomenon with respect to inoculum characteristics and environmental parameters li

70 s of the VP1 coding region of the SAT1 virus inoculum clustered around 2 subpopulations differing by

71 tprK variable region sequences found in the inoculum compared to reactivity to tprK variant sequence

72 mes were observed for the blood donor spleen inoculum compared with the blood donor brain inoculum, s

73 The aim was to optimise inoculum concentration and incubation duration for a pub

74 An inoculum concentration of 160 g/L was considered optimal

75 Increasing the inoculum concentration of K. lactis resulted in decrease

76 is study investigated the influence of their inoculum concentration on aroma production.

77 ferences in the cell density, the planktonic inoculum concentration or the surface-area-to-volume rat

78 temperature, incubation time, CO2 level, and inoculum concentration were tested by all methods, and v

79 tio of viable aerosol concentration to total inoculum concentration).

80 These findings provide evidence that the inoculum concentration, i.e., severity of infection, is

81 digestibility (DMD) generally increased with inoculum concentration.

82 lm formation, only when planktonic bacterial inoculum concentrations are less than a threshold level

83 At inoculum concentrations as low as 8 colony-forming units

84 tests and the occurrence of failures at low inoculum concentrations due to the exclusion of specific

85 A sharp increase in DMD observed at high inoculum concentrations may have been related to problem

86 AgNP-laden glass surfaces at lower bacterial inoculum concentrations than were needed for survival an

87 study increased test duration and increased inoculum concentrations to more environmentally relevant

88 Under lower inoculum conditions, similar to the levels of symbiont c

89 Rats were infected with polybacterial inoculum consisting of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Trepone

90 ed with a 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza virus inoculum containing an A388V polymorphism in the HA stal

91 In vivo, mice transplanted with an inoculum containing Nod1 x 2(-/-) T cells were protected

92 It is likely that the inoculum contains multiple genetic variants, differing i

93 ion of cytokines in PHH, suggesting that the inoculum contains the immune-inducing agent.

94 a minority of the embryonic stem cell (ESC) inoculum contributes to the adult chimaera.

95 infected mice: ~50% of the initial bacterial inoculum could be harvested from the alveolar airspace 3

96 vidence suggests multiple sources of primary inoculum could be important.

97 abundant OTUs identified in the biofilm and inoculum cultures were highlighted on the basis of previ

98 ve of the presence of 21 kDa PrP(res) in the inoculum, demonstrating that GSS is a genuine prion dise

99 Furthermore, while increased inoculum density from 10(6) to 10(8) cells/ml did not af

100 The inoculum density of the population, together with the CD

101 reference MIC assays that are robust against inoculum-density variations.

102 tart filling this knowledge gap by analyzing inoculum dependent patterns of viral load dynamics in ac

103 en-activated protein kinase signalling in an inoculum-dependent manner, and is required for induction

104 radation, and evidence for substrate- and/or inoculum-dependent specificity in syntrophic partnership

105 s driven by sensitization of target cells by inoculum-derived HIV-1 Env or virions.

106 culation of Mdr1a (-/-) mice with the EF.CIF inoculum described here does not increase colon inflamma

107 An incubation duration of 18 h using a mean inoculum digestibility value for calculation purposes wa

108 m was significantly more homogenous than the inoculum directly derived from AGMs, pointing to a strai

109 sponse recordings, correlated to the initial inoculum dose and to the levels of proinflammatory cytok

110 virus infections as examples, we demonstrate inoculum dose dependent patterns of virus dynamics.

111 Despite the general recognition that inoculum dose is an important component of infection out

112 echanism to explain the lack of influence of inoculum dose on priming of T cells in the lymph node.

113 ts that satisfied the condition of a minimum inoculum dose to establish infection.

114 The inoculum dose was escalated aiming to colonise at least

115 The inoculum dose was escalated, aiming to colonize at least

116 des in plasma correlated with the infectious inoculum dose, and the primary viral growth rate was sim

117 tes containing bb0318 In addition, at a high inoculum dose, bb0318 was found to be important for effe

118 Inoculum dose, i.e. the number of pathogens at the begin

119 illness onset was inversely correlated with inoculum dose.

120 T cells to the lungs was most influenced by inoculum dose.

121 eproduce observed virus dynamics for varying inoculum doses.

122 This inoculum effect is due to a decrease in free silver ion

123 ses to antibiotics, as well as for measuring inoculum effect with high accuracy.

124 This study showed that H2/CO2 pre-enriched inoculum enhanced biocathode CH4 production, although th

125 inoculation method that delivers an aerosol inoculum exclusively to the ferret ocular surface.

126 rs that likely influence HIV-1 virulence and inoculum, explain approximately 46% of the variation in

127 is can be severe, especially following heavy inoculum exposure.

128 hallenged with an infectious HCV human serum inoculum for a prolonged period.

129 fermentation using Acetobacter aceti as the inoculum for approximately 30days at 32 degrees C to obt

130 this intermediate host used to produce virus inoculum for grass hosts.

131 ility of mesophilic anaerobic sludges as the inoculum for sulfur-reducing bioreactors operated at hig

132 ial comparison of a 1-mul versus 10-mul loop inoculum for the mCIM was performed by two testing sites

133 ant (3-chloroaniline), starting with a mixed inoculum from a full-scale treatment plant.

134 To test such prospects, an inoculum from a seawater-compensated ballast tank was am

135 d prior antiviral therapy or infection by an inoculum from a treatment experienced patient.

136 scent protein tags fail to distinguish virus inoculum from progeny.

137 s. drought intolerant), even when exposed to inoculum from the alternate tree type.

138 Rhizosphere soil inoculum from the S. ericoidesPR population stimulated p

139 nitial feasibility study, FMT using a frozen inoculum from unrelated donors is effective in treating

140 inistration of FMT using frozen encapsulated inoculum from unrelated donors.

141 ther groups received either negative control inoculum (group 4a,b) or were inoculated subcutaneously

142 irst passage, mice challenged with LL132 elk inoculum had prolonged incubation periods and greater Pr

143 binations were observed, suggesting that the inoculum had viral subpopulations that were selected aft

144 openem disk test, OXA-48 disk test, and high-inoculum [HI] OXA-48 disk test) and a new ICT (OXA-48 K-

145 1, 95% CI 1.00-1.47) and that higher vaccine inoculum improved OCV seroconversion (RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.

146 Wastewater was used as the inoculum in CMFCs for anodic electrogenic bacteria that

147 highlighted a major contribution of the soil inoculum in determining the composition of the root micr

148 mains regarding the role of locally produced inoculum in disease outbreaks, but evidence suggests mul

149 Ascospores are the primary inoculum in Fusarium graminearum, a causal agent of whea

150 Ascospores are the primary inoculum in Fusarium graminearum.

151 ould be fermented with the same fresh faecal inoculum in order to decrease variability.

152 l culture and supplementation of AM fungi or inoculum in the field.

153 d a significant impact on the main source of inoculum in the gut microbiome of newborns.

154 res likely influence the distribution of the inoculum in the lower respiratory tract.

155 Ascospores are the primary inoculum in the wheat scab fungus Fusarium graminearum t

156 After three weeks, there was a shift from an inoculum in which Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Neisseria,

157 ter enrichment that were undetectable in the inoculum, including Jonquetella anthropi, Desulfovibrio

158 Maximum currents produced using a wastewater inoculum increased with anode potentials in the range of

159 8%) reduction in the liver-to-blood parasite inoculum, indicating that in volunteers who developed P.

160 d cytotoxicity, and this was correlated with inoculum-induced upregulation of the inhibitory ligand H

161 ed how spatial heterogeneity of natural soil inoculum influences the performance of pine seedlings an

162 P1a pathway mutants, the growth phase of the inoculum is a key modulator of infectivity.

163 ed in risk assessments for crop diseases, as inoculum is generally assumed to be ubiquitous and nonli

164 A 1.0-ml volume of inoculum is optimal for delivery of virus to the lower r

165 ught to investigate the digestibility of the inoculum itself and the importance of correcting for thi

166 Remarkably, even though fibrils in the inoculum lack the entire C-terminal domain of PrP, brain

167 The inoculum level of SaB was higher in patients with elevat

168 al cells for both strains were equivalent to inoculum levels for 7 days after application, and viable

169 This amplifies inoculum levels of different strains in ash stands.

170 , episodic stresses can predispose plants to inoculum levels they would otherwise resist.

171 d that total cell amounts were equivalent to inoculum levels.

172 -cropping farms, whereas external sources of inoculum may be contributing to CLS epidemics in the mon

173 as T cells or macrophages in the bone marrow inoculum may interfere with the systemic and local immun

174 Research on inoculum, means of dissemination, cultivar susceptibilit

175 33 using 2 methods to prepare the bacterial inoculum (MicroScan turbidity and MicroScan Prompt).

176 Compared to the inoculum (mid-log-phase bacteria), H. ducreyi harvested

177 fact that SBV was the major component of the inoculum mixture.

178 At identical inoculum, mortality was reduced by more than half in mic

179 At increasing inoculum numbers, mortality rates strikingly increased f

180 s been extensively studied in volunteers, an inoculum of 2 x 10(7) bacteria resulted in 50% lethal do

181 we show how inoculating plants with a mixed inoculum of 68 rhizobial strains (Ensifer meliloti) via

182 me infectious within 15 d after receiving an inoculum of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (bacteria)

183 this model, after infection with a high-dose inoculum of encapsulated S. pneumoniae, alveolar macroph

184 ecreased survival in response to a sublethal inoculum of H. capsulatum The absence of myeloid HIF-1al

185 Surprisingly, infection with a large inoculum of high-passage-number attenuated L. interrogan

186 Infected by the same inoculum of Histoplasma, gal3(-/-) mice had lower fungal

187 nese quail when simultaneously exposed to an inoculum of inactivated Salmonella Enteritidis and a chr

188 bris stimulates the growth of a subthreshold inoculum of living tumor cells in subcutaneous and ortho

189 Sugar addition and inoculum of selected yeast starter have been crucial for

190 njected with a subthreshold (nontumorigenic) inoculum of tumor cells by triggering macrophage proinfl

191 Human challenge with a small inoculum of virulent S. Typhi administered in bicarbonat

192 challenged with ten 50% lethal dose (LD(50)) inoculums of either H1N1, H3N2, B/Victoria-lineage, or B

193 it morbidity and mortality at relatively low inoculums of MPXV.

194 o predict the effect of the level of initial inoculum on disease progression in a typically-sized cit

195 eages may have been present in the infecting inoculum or assembled through multiple transmissions.

196 not fully, restored by an increase in virus inoculum or by altering the route of infection.

197 hormones and even the size of the infecting inoculum or the number of repeated infections.

198 ted between 14 and 400 dpi to neutralize the inoculum or viruses isolated at later time points in the

199 These biofilms were grown from dental plaque inoculum (oral microcosms) and were obtained from six sy

200 th a probability that is function of initial inoculum, plant population size and nodulation cycle len

201 riven by a fundamental asymmetry between the inoculum population and the stably colonized population

202 Initially, an inoculum prepared from human feces was introduced into t

203 , and specifically relate environment to the inoculum production, the resulting infection process, or

204 he mCIM for GES-harboring isolates, a double inoculum, prolonged incubation, or both was evaluated, w

205 Aggressively reducing the bacterial inoculum promptly is critical because factors already in

206 In contrast, mgpB region B of the same inoculum propagated for 8 weeks in vitro remained unchan

207 We varied the natural inoculum provided to each material and wet half of the s

208 d relative to TX82 (P </= 0.0001) in a mixed-inoculum rat endocarditis model.

209 (P < 0.0006) versus the wild type in a mixed inoculum rat endocarditis model.

210 ving heat-killed (i.e., control) virus-sized inoculum remained asymptomatic.

211 The hypothesis that a larger infectious inoculum, represented by high aerosol production, determ

212 and ascertain the S. Typhi (Quailes strain) inoculum required for an attack rate of 60%-75% in typho

213 Reducing the viral inoculum resulted in more efficient immune control.

214 e host immunity by investigating the timing, inoculum, route of infection and the causative bacterial

215 em of soluble Env and virions from the viral inoculum sensitizing uninfected cells to ADCC prior to d

216 and alpha diversity and clustered with their inoculum separate from the health-derived microbiomes.

217 Often the inoculum shows a dramatic decrease in Colony Forming Uni

218 gonist (Kineret(R)) in the adoptive transfer inoculum significantly reduces microglia-induced tau pat

219 ions (cell ratio of H. uvarum/S. cerevisiae; inoculum size and inoculation time of S. cerevisiae; fer

220 was stable in the presence of high bacterial inoculum size compared to vancomycin and fidaxomicin.

221 Our data do not support that inoculum size has a measurable influence on T cell primi

222 stipulates RPMI 1640 as the test medium, an inoculum size of 1 to 3 x 10(3) CFU/ml, and an incubatio

223 In particular, we investigated the impact of inoculum size upon outcomes of single-dose fungal exposu

224 utant TIGR4 strains to assess the effects of inoculum size, bacterial replication, capsule, and alveo

225 The timing of exposure, inoculum size, immune status of the infant, and virulenc

226 rate the large effects of bacterial factors (inoculum size, the capsule, and rapid replication) and a

227 ing the variation in outcomes with the viral inoculum size, the evolutionary advantage of exhaustion

228 C57BL6 mice with M. tuberculosis resulted in inoculum size-dependent weight loss and mortality.

229 ar in all infected animals regardless of the inoculum size.

230 9 exported from one cell line to another was inoculum-size-dependent and reflected the levels of STIN

231 all inoculum sizes (500 cells/mL) and larger inoculum sizes (5 x 105 cells/mL) used in standard antib

232 idly be performed with RUSD using both small inoculum sizes (500 cells/mL) and larger inoculum sizes

233 ammonium-based HOB enrichment from the same inoculum source.

234 Results suggested that local (within field) inoculum sources may be responsible for the initiation o

235 The relative contribution of these inoculum sources to CLS epidemics on table beet is not w

236 ls of air may assist in localizing potential inoculum sources, informing local and/or regional manage

237 ork we aimed to demonstrate the influence of inoculum starter in support high quality fermentation.

238 esults indicate the ability of yeast used as inoculum starter to modify the end condition and further

239 In addition, after a high-dose inoculum, successful lung infection required rapid bacte

240 inoculum compared with the blood donor brain inoculum, suggesting lower titres of infectivity in the

241 itary measures, including vector control and inoculum suppression, by removing host plants.

242 nfection, but 15-50% of the initial ingested inoculum survives within the PMN phagosome and likely co

243 genes 4 h after inoculation, compared to the inoculum suspension concomitant with an increased expres

244 for the SIVsmE660 variants in the challenge inoculum that are most like SIV and HIVs that circulate

245 everse genetics techniques produced a RV-A16 inoculum that can cause clinical colds in seronegative v

246 , or 10(6) parasites to determine an optimal inoculum that ensured cutaneous lesions without causing

247 In contrast, with a lower-dose inoculum, the bacterial doubling time increased to 56 mi

248 cardiovascular injury is the amount of viral inoculum, the magnitude of the host immune response, and

249 in part upon the size of the original virus inoculum, the viral load at the time of depletion, and t

250 sitely susceptible to an otherwise nonlethal inoculum, thereby demonstrating the requirement for neut

251 Employing a lower inoculum to allow for better survival allowed the identi

252 s, Tregs should be removed from the transfer inoculum to avoid false-negative results.

253 ivity, but both assays required an increased inoculum to detect carbapenemase production in isolates

254 minimal combination of carbon substrate and inoculum to drive pH neutralization and element removal.

255 m 5% of the total bacterial community in the inoculum to over 50% after 4 months.

256 conditions using green waste compost as the inoculum to study cellulose hydrolysis in a microbial co

257 mate change on the connectivity of crops for inoculum transmission may provide additional explanatory

258 utant was attenuated (P = 0.0024) in a mixed-inoculum (TX82 plus TX82 DeltaccpA) rat endocarditis mod

259 The plasma inoculum used for the serial passage did not contain adv

260 96; and (iii) the source of prion-containing inoculum used to infect deer affects the likelihood of p

261 rite-curing, depending strongly on the fecal inoculum used.

262 parasite load occurred independently of the inoculum used.

263 ts the number of PreS1*-HDVs per cell in the inoculum used.

264 We produced a RV-A16 inoculum using reverse genetics and determined the dose

265 e isogenic parental strain, TX82, in a mixed-inoculum UTI model (P < 0.001 to 0.048), that reconstitu

266 Decreasing the infectious inoculum, varying the time between priming and aerosol i

267 A16 from a previous inoculum was cloned, and inoculum virus was produced using reverse genetics techn

268 When administered in a relatively large inoculum volume, the virus also replicated efficiently i

269 tissue culture infective doses in a range of inoculum volumes (0.2, 0.5, or 1.0 ml) and followed vira

270 We found that a wide range of inoculum volumes was used to experimentally infect ferre

271 the latter of which was evaluated using two inoculum volumes, 1 mul (CAT-1) and 10 mul (CAT-10).

272 We found that the lethal inoculum was >100-fold greater in transgenic versus glob

273 mina refining), to which a diverse microbial inoculum was added, were used in this study to identify

274 Approximately 8% of the ATCV-1 inoculum was associated with macrophages after 1 h, and

275 ety-nine point seven percent of the MGAS2221 inoculum was cleared from the lungs of C57BL/6J mice at

276 consensus sequence of RV-A16 from a previous inoculum was cloned, and inoculum virus was produced usi

277 r material, in which around 10% of the viral inoculum was detectable.

278 C. acutatum inoculum was detected in pulverized olive fruits, and in

279 with P. aeruginosa, we showed that a lethal inoculum was effectively cleared by tobramycin NPs in a

280 When the inoculum was homogenously distributed, a single EM funga

281 Infected or mock-infected inoculum was identified within lymphatic vessels of the

282 accumulating in the cells in which the virus inoculum was made.

283 Bacterial inoculum was measured in patient sera with elevated (n =

284 res and in the murine decidua in vivo A high inoculum was necessary to infect both human and mouse de

285 Even when the inoculum was reduced to 1 x 10(4) IFU, the CBA/J mice st

286 , an E1E2 variant undetectable in the source inoculum was selected for during transmission.

287 Single-genome amplification showed that this inoculum was significantly more homogenous than the inoc

288 ganglioside reconstitution of the tumor cell inoculum was sufficient to increase MDSC infiltration, s

289 lop GvHD after BMT even when the bone marrow inoculum was supplemented with donor-type splenocytes.

290 rately injected with the challenge bacterial inoculum, was able to enhance the tissue and blood burde

291 establishment of infection from a high-dose inoculum, we adoptively transferred large numbers of T c

292 All tested types of WHV inoculum were related, because they were collected from

293 this issue advocates for the use of a larger inoculum when culturing urine obtained by "in-and-out" c

294 ues at a high frequency (83%) using a single inoculum, when animals with restrictive MHC-I or TRIM5al

295 binant protein spanning MgpB region B of the inoculum, while reactivity to a recombinant protein repr

296 In corroboration, preincubation of the ETEC inoculum with antiadhesin and antifimbrial bovine colost

297 ith the BD InoqulA instrument using a 10-mul inoculum with results from cultures plated manually with

298 ction with elimination of ~99% of an initial inoculum within 15 min.

299 the spaces between cells, the amount of the inoculum within the lumen of lymphatic vessels, and the

300 llowing vaccination, and therefore, a larger inoculum would be required for effective vaccination.