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1 r understanding of the molecular genetics of insecticide resistance.
2 lutionary and heritable feature and roles in insecticide resistance.
3 from metabolic families previously linked to insecticide resistance.
4 ding of the molecular basis and evolution of insecticide resistance.
5 of the most important mechanisms involved in insecticide resistance.
6 to evolutionary pressures, thereby avoiding insecticide resistance.
7 and controlled vocabularies for anatomy and insecticide resistance.
8 most have not previously been implicated in insecticide resistance.
9 t nervous system is known to be important in insecticide resistance.
10 ween kdr allele expression and the levels of insecticide resistance.
11 insecticides, leading to the development of insecticide resistance.
12 laria control, particularly in areas of high insecticide resistance.
13 sion level of an adjacent gene which creates insecticide resistance.
14 lex, suggest that this AO may play a role in insecticide resistance.
15 nt part in understanding both antibiotic and insecticide resistance.
16 gulatory mutations playing a central role in insecticide resistance.
17 ction of the normal gene product can lead to insecticide resistance.
18 stigate the role of CNVs in the evolution of insecticide resistance.
19 vectors and enhances our capacity to manage insecticide resistance.
20 l is being undermined by the rapid spread of insecticide resistance.
21 malaria control in settings with widespread insecticide resistance.
22 ding new evidence of their potential role in insecticide resistance.
23 of other important biological traits such as insecticide resistance.
24 ological plasticity and potential to develop insecticide resistance.
25 the hypothesis of antiviral resistance over insecticide resistance.
26 plementation of new technologies that manage insecticide resistance.
27 accuracy of 0.75 when identifying cuticular insecticide resistance.
28 ase its burden, although it is threatened by insecticide resistance.
29 ontrol tools that prevent the development of insecticide resistance.
30 ising concerns over the potential impacts of insecticide resistance.
31 iciliation, dispersal, feeding behavior, and insecticide resistance.
32 to identify candidate genes associated with insecticide resistance.
33 ethal effects, and associated development of insecticide resistance.
34 tially mitigate the global health effects of insecticide resistance.
35 xisting chemical control strategies to avert insecticide resistance.
36 entation of new technologies that circumvent insecticide resistance.
37 tegies most likely to minimise the spread of insecticide resistance.
38 ation of association between the Vgsc CN and insecticide resistance.
39 ated with speciation, ecological habitat and insecticide resistance.
40 y undermines vector control programs through insecticide resistance.
41 d LLIN effectiveness in the presence of high insecticide resistance.
42 iont interactions, and several mechanisms of insecticide resistance.
43 ave important implications for the spread of insecticide resistance.
44 ecting the insecticide against the spread of insecticide resistance.
45 nsporters have previously been implicated in insecticide resistance.
46 ravel and commerce in addition to widespread insecticide resistance.
47 ya vector, is threatened by growing cases of insecticide resistance.
48 proteins-or genes are likely responsible for insecticide resistance.
49 ance, nutrition, reproduction, genetics, and insecticide resistance.
50 ology, interactions with the host animal and insecticide resistance.
52 e mutations is a common event in response to insecticide resistance across different Cx. quinquefasci
54 e prevalence of genetic markers of Anopheles insecticide resistance across the DRC and provide an imp
55 sed tools such as bednets are compromised by insecticide-resistance alleles for which there is also a
58 cant selection pressure for the evolution of insecticide resistance among major malaria vector specie
61 cent back-to-Africa Aaa migration introduced insecticide resistance and anthropophily into regions wi
63 d elimination is threatened by the spread of insecticide resistance and behavioral adaptation of vect
64 is has been attributed to the development of insecticide resistance and behavioural adaptations in ma
65 me fusion brought two major genes conferring insecticide resistance and clusters of genes involved in
66 ing a point mutation in the active site show insecticide resistance and defects in gravity sensing.
69 transmission that assesses the evolution of insecticide resistance and immunity in the human populat
70 e also observed low copy number variation in insecticide resistance and immunity-related genes for al
75 get to develop new insecticides with reduced insecticide resistance and low toxicity to mammals, fish
77 locus of Drosophila melanogaster that confer insecticide resistance and persist at intermediate frequ
78 y in sub-Saharan Africa, because of drug and insecticide resistance and social and environmental chan
79 annel of resistant mosquitoes in response to insecticide resistance and the inheritance of these muta
80 articular importance due to the evolution of insecticide resistance and the proposed release of trans
81 of gene expression signatures associated to insecticide resistance and their suppression could great
82 osquitoes is threatened by the appearance of insecticide resistance and therefore new control chemica
83 to identify the contribution of each CNV to insecticide resistance and to track their spread as the
86 anding of basic disease biology and drug and insecticide resistance, and have informed vaccine develo
87 We stratified studies into three levels of insecticide resistance, and ITNs were compared with untr
88 evidence suggest that P450 genes involved in insecticide resistance, and perhaps insecticide detoxifi
89 e involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of insecticide resistance, and shed light on the novel targ
90 he earth's climate, antimalarial resistance, insecticide resistance, and socioeconomic decline test t
91 flexible, two-locus model for the spread of insecticide resistance applicable to mosquito species th
92 malaria vector species and the monitoring of insecticide resistance are essential to inform malaria c
94 on era, it is vital that the implications of insecticide resistance are understood and strategies to
95 hat interpretations of species compositions, insecticide resistance assays, host preference studies,
96 a therefore suggest that multiple origins of insecticide resistance (associated with specific point m
98 ispersive Culex mosquito have suggested that insecticide resistance-associated mutations (specificall
101 of infectious disease through antibiotic and insecticide resistance, but recent theory suggests disea
102 detoxifying enzymes has been associated with insecticide resistance, but their direct functional vali
103 P450 monooxygenases play a critical role in insecticide resistance by allowing resistant insects to
106 cing was used to investigate the presence of insecticide resistance-conferring mutations in nine targ
107 simultaneously detect Plasmodium infection; insecticide resistance-conferring SNPs in ace1, gste2, v
108 aracterized- Cub and Sushi Domain containing Insecticide Resistance (CSDIR) protein and generated evi
109 ogy resource for storing genomic variations, insecticide resistance data and their associated metadat
110 ed populations in response to high levels of insecticide resistance, demonstrating that the co-existe
111 es associated with hematophagy, immunity and insecticide resistance, directly involved in vector-huma
112 o assist the high-throughput surveillance of insecticide resistance, discriminate between sibling spe
116 llows progress in the analysis of cyclodiene insecticide resistance from the initial isolation of the
117 alyze the allele replacement observed in the insecticide resistance gene Ester in the mosquito Culex
118 al inversions in one chromosome arm (2R), an insecticide resistance gene on 2L, and this single X-lin
119 n which we model the evolution and spread of insecticide resistance genes and also suggest that paral
121 control, for understanding the mechanisms of insecticide resistance, genetic adaptation to high patho
122 h populations and improving health outcomes, insecticide resistance has been a consistent barrier to
123 t role played by P450s in the development of insecticide resistance has been extensively studied but
128 ciated diseases.(1) Additionally, widespread insecticide resistance has reduced the efficacy of curre
130 owever, measurements of the fitness costs of insecticide resistance have used diverse methods to cont
131 ating malaria, several challenges, including insecticide resistance, have hindered progress in fighti
132 ndation for future research on mechanisms of insecticide resistance, human-bed bug and symbiont-bed b
134 ded method for the molecular surveillance of insecticide resistance in An. funestus populations.
135 ssist in the high-throughput surveillance of insecticide resistance in An. stephensi populations.
136 r efficacies are declining due to widespread insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquito populations
137 esistance to antimalarials, the emergence of insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquito species rem
138 e potential contribution of agrochemicals to insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes breeding
139 stics that we used to confirm persistence of insecticide resistance in California, U.S.A. To validate
141 eptor (RyR) was highly correlated to diamide insecticide resistance in field populations of Plutella
143 ntrol is now threatened by alarming rates of insecticide resistance in insect populations, prompting
148 is study investigated the molecular basis of insecticide resistance in Malaysian populations of Ae. a
149 of tolerance has influenced the evolution of insecticide resistance in managed systems and the evolut
150 gene regulation governing the development of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes and discusses the p
151 lation system involved in the development of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes Culex quinquefascia
152 Past investigations on the emergence of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes mostly relied on fi
153 their precise function in the development of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes will provide new in
154 drug resistance in the Plasmodium parasites, insecticide resistance in mosquitoes, and the lack of an
160 Africa, but their efficacy is threatened by insecticide resistance in some malaria mosquito vectors.
162 nzymes have been associated with the diamide insecticide resistance in the diamondback moth, Plutella
164 rica is imperilled by the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance in the major vector Anopheles gam
167 number of independent origins of cyclodiene insecticide resistance in the red flour beetle Tribolium
168 erlie the fitness trade-offs associated with insecticide resistance in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci.
170 sents a mechanism for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance in this important vector of human
173 elling strategy to investigate the spread of insecticide resistance in vector populations and demonst
174 ering a significant step forward in managing insecticide resistance in vector-control operations.
176 Genetic changes in insects that lead to insecticide resistance include point mutations and up-re
177 h metabolic genes previously associated with insecticide resistance, including cyp9k1 and the cyp6aa/
178 morphisms (SNPs) potentially associated with insecticide resistance, including three SNPs found in th
179 ring of occurrence, levels and mechanisms of insecticide resistance informs effective management stra
180 cticide resistance phenotypes and genotypes. Insecticide resistance intensity CDC bioassays were empl
181 ucted seminal field studies to compare three insecticide resistance intervention strategies for cockr
183 r, this intervention has prompted widespread insecticide resistance (IR) and been associated with cha
195 Monitoring local mosquito populations for insecticide resistance is critical for effective vector-
199 rrupt disease transmission; however, growing insecticide resistance is threatening to reverse gains i
204 ontrol and eradication is challenging due to insecticide resistance, lack of effective products, and
205 to investigate the genetic diversity in four insecticide resistance linked genes: ace-1, GSTe2, rdl a
206 However, we find signatures of selection at insecticide resistance loci that appear ubiquitous acros
207 burden and the continued spread of drug and insecticide resistance make malaria elimination both via
210 s used provide a template for evidence-based insecticide resistance management by malaria control pro
215 A major impediment to the implementation of insecticide resistance management strategies is that evi
218 With the exception of target site mutations, insecticide resistance mechanisms in the principle malar
221 ndicating that neither tissue is involved in insecticide resistance mediated by the candidate P450s e
224 contribute significantly to the evolution of insecticide resistance, most commonly by increasing the
226 recent introgression of a strongly selected insecticide-resistance mutation (Vgsc-1014F) located wit
227 y using amplicon-sequencing to monitor known insecticide resistance mutations, with the potential to
230 s for insect pest management has resulted in insecticide resistance now being recorded in >500 specie
231 n, suggests the involvement of copper in the insecticide resistance of malaria vectors; this, however
232 function of GPCRs and GPCR-related genes in insecticide resistance of mosquitoes, Culex quinquefasci
233 ant to antimalarial drugs and the increasing insecticide resistance of mosquitoes-may cause the numbe
234 istance to antimalarial drugs and increasing insecticide resistance of the vector threaten to reduce
238 ts epidemiological importance, the impact of insecticide resistance on vector-parasite interactions a
239 Mosquitoes with phenotypes that exhibit insecticide resistance or experience sublethal effects m
240 he spread of genes, such as genes conferring insecticide resistance or possibly refractoriness to par
241 ed our understanding of the genetic basis of insecticide resistance over the last decade, we still kn
242 ent agenda, the potential negative impact of insecticide resistance, particularly on LLINs, for which
245 regions of Puerto Rico to investigate their insecticide resistance phenotypes and genotypes. Insecti
246 nalysis using the GAL4/UAS system to examine insecticide resistance phenotypes conferred by increased
247 f the environmental background in developing insecticide resistance phenotypes, and caution for the i
255 abundance, and whitefly's ability to develop insecticide resistance rapidly often render the commonly
256 in but also repressed the expression of four insecticide resistance-related P450 genes, suggesting th
260 s control efforts are hampered by widespread insecticide resistance reported in the Americas and Asia
261 28 were in gene families linked to metabolic insecticide resistance, representing significant enrichm
263 ow of malaria vectors can help in combatting insecticide resistance spread and planning new vector co
265 den of malaria, information on bionomics and insecticide resistance status of malaria vectors is gros
266 peaks corresponding to genes associated with insecticide resistance such as the voltage gated sodium
267 -seq approach can be applied as a wide-scale insecticide-resistance surveillance technique to better
268 igned to monitor the emergence and spread of insecticide resistance (technical resistance), do not tr
269 identified Anopheles funestus mosquitoes in insecticide resistance tests were found to be other spec
270 ep towards a quantitative genotypic model of insecticide resistance that can be used to predict resis
271 es are now resurgent, largely because of the insecticide resistance that has developed in mosquito ve
272 ed in malarial control is the acquisition of insecticide resistance that has developed in mosquitoes
273 the adaptive genomic changes associated with insecticide resistance that have been characterized to d
274 tifies a previously undescribed mechanism of insecticide resistance that is likely to be highly relev
275 ound that unlike many P450 genes involved in insecticide resistance that were reported previously, CY
278 argely on insecticides, but the evolution of insecticide resistance threatens the effectiveness of su
279 nd elimination of vector-borne diseases, but insecticide resistance threatens the efficacy of availab
284 tigating the possible association of CN with insecticide resistance, three assays were compared for t
286 pact of Plasmodium infection on the level of insecticide resistance to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethan
287 udy is a summary of the current level of the insecticide resistance to selected organophosphates, pyr
288 urveys have yet to reveal the development of insecticide resistance to these chemical compounds.
289 permethrin resistant mosquitoes that confer insecticide resistance to unravel the molecular basis of
290 ersal, extreme polyphagy, and development of insecticide resistance, together with human activities,
292 tand the role of Cyp6a2 and related genes in insecticide resistance, we have isolated and characteriz
293 s which have been previously associated with insecticide resistance were detected: gste2-L119V, vgsc-
294 ological shifts in vector species along with insecticide resistance were likely to have eroded the ef
296 All interventions caused the emergence of insecticide resistance, which, with the loss of herd imm
297 germanica L.) populations, which differed in insecticide resistance, with either nutritionally rich o
299 legs to identify species, age and cuticular insecticide resistance within the Anopheles gambiae s.l.