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1 ective than those with large groups (propyl, isobutyl).
2 s phenyl, 4-pyridyl, 2-pyridyl, indolyl, and isobutyl.
3 d the sensitivity of CFTR to activation by 3-isobutyl 1-methyl xanthine (IBMX), as expected if these
5 ) and used the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX) as a pharmacological t
7 sults were obtained with the PDE inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX) or with 8-pCPT-cGMP an
8 vinpocetine, SKF-94120, dipyridamole, and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine but is inhibited (IC50 = 35 m
9 or with the PKA activators forskolin plus 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine or dibutyryl cyclic adenosine
10 well by either the nonselective inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine or the new selective PDE5 inh
11 phosphate (cAMP) (forskolin (1-10 microM), 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (0.1-1 mM), rolipram (10 micro
12 e similar IC(50) values for the inhibitors 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (20 microM) and sildenafil (Vi
13 mbination of forskolin (20 micromol/L) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (20 micromol/L), also inhibite
16 omercuribenzene sulphonate (21 microM) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (970 microM, partial inhibitio
17 ls by the combination of dexamethasone and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (DM) is suppressed by 2,3,7,8
18 nd its crystal structure as a complex with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) at 1.55 A resolution.
20 s crystal structures in the unliganded and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) bound forms at 1.9 and
22 continuously treated with forskolin and/or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) in light-dark (LD) and
23 se suppression and the increased effect of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) observed in GADA+ donor
25 dogenous cAMP levels with either forskolin/3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) or the V2 receptor agon
26 posed to VIP, carbachol, forskolin, and/or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) to determine whether th
27 GMP, vardenafil, sildenafil, tadalafil, or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) were respectively weake
31 glucose and 10 mmol/l arginine, 0.1 mmol/l 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), and 5 micromol/l carba
32 of RINm5F cells to cAMP-increasing agents, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), and forskolin complete
34 or without the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), decreased the period (
35 exposed to the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), the circulating curren
36 was increased by the use of forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), we show that increase
37 In transient transfections, forskolin plus 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), which increases intrac
38 the variants, leading to stable, forskolin+3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX)-activated whole-cell cu
44 resence of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX, 750 microM) reversibly
46 competent in succinate-, ketoisocaproate-, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX-), KCl-, and tolbutamide
47 r, 10 micromol/L; >3-fold), potentiated by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX; phosphodiesterase type
49 sphodiesterase (cAMP-PDE) inhibitors, e.g. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine [(IBMX) or caffeine, 10 mg/kg]
50 ASL; (ii). activating CFTR with forskolin/3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine alkalinized NL ASL but acidifi
51 roinjection of matched doses (300 nmol) of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and 7-deacetyl-7-O-(N-methylpi
53 ncreases in intracellular cAMP prompted by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and forskolin partially mimick
55 secretion (GSIS), and insulin secretion to 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and KCl were all reduced witho
56 in in complex with non-selective inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and kinetic analysis on the mu
57 in (PDE5/6cd) complexed with sildenafil or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and the Pgamma-inhibitory pept
58 d be prevented by dibutyryl cyclic-cAMP or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and the somatostatin (SST) rec
60 DE6 with vardenafil or sildenafil (but not 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine and zaprinast) induced a disti
61 induced by 10 microm forskolin, 40 microm 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine caused a 50% reduction in myos
62 These structures together with the PDE5A1-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine complex show that the H-loop (
63 in complex with the nonselective inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine have been determined at medium
64 skolin and the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine in proportion to increases in
65 resence of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine in the medium, suggesting extr
67 ment with the broad-spectrum PDE inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine induced T cell CREB phosphoryl
69 reatment with forskolin, 8-bromo-cAMP, and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine or by overexpression of the ca
71 f T cells with 8-bromo cAMP, forskolin, or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine prevented the CD47-mediated ap
72 ty, Km for cGMP, and IC50 for zaprinast or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine were found among wild-type and
73 hibitors, it is most potently inhibited by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine with an IC(50) of 2.1 microM.
74 :5'-cyclic monophospate sodium), and IBMX (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine) also changed the splicing pat
75 0 nM forskolin, 1 mM 8-bromo-cAMP, or 1 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine) had no effect on the amplitud
78 nhibit the response of other ORNs to IBMX (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine)/forskolin in a PI3K-dependent
79 of 1) phorbol myristic acid, forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, 2) BPDZ 154, or 3) 4-phenylbu
80 t by dPGJ2 was enhanced in the presence of 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, a cAMP phosphodiesterase inhi
82 + and blocked by 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, an inhibitor of phosphodieste
84 f Tudor-SN (MEF-KO) impairs dexamethasone, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, and insulin (DMI)-induced adi
85 that increase [cAMP] (forskolin, rolipram, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, and papaverine) or mimic cAMP
87 cles with the phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, and the adenylate cyclase act
88 P, or with the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, caused a rightward shift in t
89 nts known not to act on the cyclase, or by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, creatine phosphate, or creati
90 increase in tyrosinase activity by either 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, dibutyryl cAMP, or forskolin.
91 acid methyl ester hydrochloride (T-0156), 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, EDTA, or cGMP, but not by cAM
92 ibition of phosphodiesterase activity with 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, indicating that alpha-adrener
93 Following treatment with these diols or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, melanin and tyrosinase activi
94 PDE5 constructs had similar affinities for 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, sildenafil, tadalafil, and UK
95 187 or a combination of dibutyryl cAMP and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, which increase intracellular
97 PDE inhibitors for their ability to mimic 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine-induced ATF-1/CREB phosphoryla
110 ulating pGC by ANP/BNP, or blocking PDE by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine/zaprinast caused significant i
111 pendent protein kinase (PKA), MgATP, cGMP, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine], shown earlier to produce Ser
112 1bR)-9-(3-fluoropropoxy)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-isobutyl-10-methoxy-2,3,4,6, 7,11b-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[2
113 an-13-yl)-9-methyl-but-11-enyl benzoate (1), isobutyl-13-(6-(benzoyloxy)-10-methylpentyl)-tetrahydro-
114 piperettine, pellitorine, guineensine, and N-isobutyl-2,4,14-eicosatrienamide were linked with severa
115 ison and decreased towards maturation, and 3-isobutyl-2-methoxyprazine decreased with increasing matu
117 irteen rootstocks on the concentrations of 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 3-isopropyl-2-methoxy
118 eloped with fused spectral data to predict 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), pH, total tannins (Ta
119 ethyl alcohol, but lower concentrations of 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine and ethyl esters, indicating
121 ibitor batimastat ([4-(N-hydroxyamino)-2-(R)-isobutyl-3-(S)-(2-thiophenethiomethyl)s uccinyl]-(S)-phe
124 opylsilyl)oxy)ethyl)propan-2-amine, or (S)-N-isobutyl-3-methyl-1-((triisopropylsilyl)oxy)butan-2-amin
128 rom hydrogen substitution by isopropyl (3d), isobutyl (3f), cyclopentyl (3g), and pyrano- (2) inhibit
129 ective process for the preparation of 1 from isobutyl (3S)-3-[methyl[(1S)-1-phenylethyl]amino]butanoa
130 ists 3-N-propylxanthine (enprofylline) and 3-isobutyl-8-pyrrolidinoxanthine (IPDX) on AdoR-mediated H
131 ists 3-N-propylxanthine (enprofylline) and 3-isobutyl-8-pyrrolidinoxanthine (IPDX), and the A(1)-sele
133 AT2 inhibitor Ro 4-1284 (2-hydroxy-2-ethyl-3-isobutyl-9,10-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4,6,7-hexahydrobenzo[al ph
134 ne ([(18)F]FP-DTBZ), [(18)F](+)-2-oxiranyl-3-isobutyl-9-(3-fluoropropoxy)-10-methoxy-2,3,4,6,7,11b-he
135 demonstrate the utility of this approach for isobutyl acetate (IBA) production, wherein IBA productio
136 nversion of the alcohol function to acetate, isobutyl acetate (TIDBIBA), or to trimethyl acetate lead
137 ome of the compounds in the spreads, such as isobutyl acetate, butyl butyrate, 3-hexen-1-yl acetate o
138 lin for MPX and acetaldehyde diethyl acetal, isobutyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate and guaiacol for CRE
139 -borne odorants ((methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), isobutyl alcohol (i-BuAl), benzene (B), toluene (T), p-x
141 uM of the NHE1-specific inhibitor N-Methyl-N-isobutyl Amiloride (MIA) dramatically disrupted branchin
142 ibition of the Na+/H+ antiporter with methyl isobutyl amiloride (MIA) would decrease postischemic per
143 opropyl) amiloride or 10microM 5-(N-methyl-N-isobutyl) amiloride, both selective inhibitors of Na(+)-
145 However, the larger 1,3-dialkyl groups (isobutyl and butyl) resulted in a decrease in both A(2B)
146 ee triangular macrocycles bearing isopropyl, isobutyl, and isopentyl side chains were synthesized and
148 active octanoic acid esters (ethyl-, butyl-, isobutyl- and (iso)amyl octanoate) using lipase Palatase
149 tammetry of the ethyl-, n-propyl-, n-butyl-, isobutyl-, and adenosyl-substituted cobalamin was studie
150 carbon and the new stereocenter bearing the isobutyl appendage corresponding to that of the alkaloid
153 (PLG) was substituted at the 3-position with isobutyl, butyl, and benzyl moieties to give the PLG pep
154 samples (food, cosmetics and water) based on isobutyl chloroformate (IBCF) derivatisation and preconc
155 ides of carboxylic acids were prepared using isobutyl chloroformate and transformed to the correspond
156 ion (SBSE) with in situ derivatization using isobutyl chloroformate, followed by gas chromatographic
157 he nerve agent metabolites ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, cyclohexyl, and pinacolyl methylphosphonic aci
158 plant morphogenetic processes, from which N-isobutyl decanamide is one of the most active compounds
160 s the isolation and characterization of an N-isobutyl decanamide-hypersensitive (dhm1) mutant of Arab
162 acetic acid] and pregabalin (PGB) [(S)-(+)-3-isobutyl-GABA or (S)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic ac
165 er by replacing the cyclohexane ring with an isobutyl group attached either to position 4 or position
166 n the 3'-pyridyl ring and variation of the 3-isobutyl group gave potent compounds (pK(i) > 9.0) with
167 at with a phenyl group, and an anion with an isobutyl group has the weakest chiral recognition).
168 , the simulations suggest that directing the isobutyl group into the minor groove causes the groove t
169 herein the steric bulk associated with the N-isobutyl groups increases the energy barrier required to
171 nt with this, we now report that addition of isobutyl groups to the PNA backbone hinders aggregation
175 tive elimination for a family of zirconocene isobutyl hydride complexes, Cp(CpR(n)())Zr(CH(2)CHMe(2))
176 ze N-N bond formation converting O-(l-seryl)-isobutyl hydroxylamine into N-(isobutylamino)-l-serine.
177 e)G and N2-ethyl(Et)G, partially bypassed N2-isobutyl(Ib)G and N2-benzylG, and was blocked at N2-CH2(
178 y bypassed N2-methyl(Me)G, N2-ethyl(Et)G, N2-isobutyl(Ib)G, N2-benzyl(Bz)G, and N2-CH2(2-naphthyl)G b
179 (beta-naphthyl)cyclohexyl auxiliaries, using isobutyl iodide and benzyl bromide as model electrophile
180 Conventional 201TI and hexakis 2-methoxy-2-isobutyl isonitrile studies are less accurate as compare
182 ase now accepts the analogous ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), which corresponds to exchange of
183 into high volume industrial ketones: methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK, yield 84%), diisobutyl ketone (DI
184 yed focus on the determination of (1) methyl isobutyl ketone in water over the range of 1-160 ppm, (2
186 oroethylene, methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isobutyl ketone), diffusion-limited (theoretical), R d,
187 y analyzing the standard solutions of methyl isobutyl ketone, heptanone, nonanone, and acetophenone a
191 ed with 10 microM forskolin and 300 microM 3-isobutyl-L-methylxanthine and voltage-clamped with pipet
193 st 4.2 LD(50) of S-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl) O-isobutyl methanephosphonothioate without perturbation of
195 ignificantly influenced by harvest date were isobutyl methoxypyrazine, C(6) alcohols and hexyl acetat
196 sters tested, the hydrolysis product of rVX, isobutyl methyl phosphonate, was the best substrate with
200 he nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, isobutyl methylxanthine (IBMX) increased the potency of
201 completely by the nonselective PDE inhibitor isobutyl methylxanthine and also by the selective PDE 3B
202 rapid and sustained response to glucose plus isobutyl-methylxanthine in perifusion studies that is cl
203 depots, under identical culture conditions (isobutyl-methylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin), re
204 eincubation with an MMP-3 inhibitor, NNGH [N-isobutyl-N-(4-methoxyphenylsulfonyl)-glycylhydroxamic ac
205 eutralizing antibody and the MMP inhibitor N-isobutyl-N-(4-methoxyphenylsulfonyl)glycyl hydroxamic ac
206 d a MMP inhibitor, (2S:-allyl-N:-hydroxy-3R:-isobutyl-N:-(1S:-methylcarbamoyl-2-ph enylet hyl)-succin
207 but did not show protonated molecules for an isobutyl or benzylic EHNA derivative, suggesting the lat
211 e addition of alkyl halides such as methyl-, isobutyl-, or neopentyl halides was also rapid at room t
212 omparison of rate constant for hydrolysis of isobutyl phenyl carbonate with benzyl phenyl carbonate s
213 amines R' 'NH(2) (R' ' = n-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, phenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-(dimethylamino)pheny
214 th simulations) for the OIPC diethyl(methyl)(isobutyl)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate ([P(1,2,2,4)][P
216 late (DEHP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP), and butyl-benzyl phthalate (B
217 hyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP),
218 evels of mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP),
220 ratio [OR], 1.12 [95% CI, 0.98-1.27]), mono-isobutyl phthalate (OR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.00-1.34]), mono(
221 thalate [DEHP]) decreased, while those of di-isobutyl phthalate [DiBP], di-isononyl phthalate [DiNP],
222 (mCPP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (mBP), mono(2-isobutyl) phthalate (miBP), monobenzyl phthalate (mBzP),
223 m for para-dichlorobenzene, 6,800 ppm for di(isobutyl) phthalate, 7,700 ppm for diethyl phthalate, an
224 methylphosphonic acid (R = ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, pinacolyl (3,3-dimethyl-2-butyl), cyclohexyl,
225 nded set of 16 isobaric reagents based on an isobutyl-proline immonium ion reporter structure (TMTpro
226 le neopentyl protecting group and the labile isobutyl protecting group were utilized in the synthesis
228 inoethyl methylphosphonothioate) and R-VX (O-isobutyl-S-2-diethylaminoethyl methylphosphonothioate),
229 hobic moiety to the lactam ring to mimic the isobutyl side chain of the leucyl residue of PLG would i
230 ation of the malonylidene unit to include an isobutyl substituent at C3 affords a photosubstrate whic
232 , ethyl, propyl, and to a much lesser extent isobutyl substituents at C(2) (R configuration only).
235 f these fruit revealed the accumulation of 2-isobutyl-tetrahydrothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, a kno
236 roved to be an alternating copolymer made of isobutyl vinyl ether and the renewable raw material furf
237 up as well as a short alkyl chain (propyl or isobutyl) which defined the 0/1 molecular binary code.
238 sphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, 1-methyl-3- isobutyl xanthine and theophylline and rolipram, a speci