ライフサイエンスコーパス: lamina I

1 ed in the superficial dorsal horn (primarily lamina I).

2 topography; few or no cells were labeled in lamina I.

3 ate dorsal horn and very few (<1/section) in lamina I.

4 all calibre Adelta-fibres which terminate in lamina I.

5 cated in the dorsal part of lamina II and in lamina I.

6 urons were found in the adjacent portions of lamina I.

7 GA-HRP labeling was occasionally observed in lamina I.

8 but in normal rats, these were restricted to lamina I.

9 the receptor in cell bodies and dendrites of lamina I.

10 input from high threshold output neurons of lamina I.

11 es within the Vc/C2 superficial dorsal horn (lamina I) 3 weeks post-CCI-ION.

12 The nuclear lamina is a fibrous structure that lies at the interface

13 The nuclear lamina is a filamentous structure subtending the nuclear

14 The nuclear lamina is a fundamental constituent of metazoan nuclei.

15 Disassembly of the nuclear lamina is a key step during open mitosis in higher eukar

16 The nuclear lamina is a key structural element of the metazoan nucle

17 The nuclear lamina is a meshwork of intermediate-type filament prote

18 The nuclear lamina is a network of structural filaments, the A and B

19 The nuclear lamina is a protein meshwork lining the nucleoplasmic fa

20 rokinin 1 (NK1) receptor-positive neurons in lamina I (a major source of ascending projections) were

21 extending ventrally from Lissauer's tract in lamina I along the lateral edge of the dorsal horn to th

22 The nuclear lamina is an approximately 10 nm thick proteinaceous lay

23 Because the lamina is an intrinsic component of typical butterfly sc

24 orsal horn had an average of 1.22 neurons in lamina I and 0.24 neurons in lamina II that had supraspi

25 for 170 neurones; 13 of these had somata in lamina I and 157 in lamina II.

26 uit cells) represented 11% of the neurons in lamina I and 41% in lamina II.

27 in spinal segment L1 contained 11 neurons in lamina I and 42.6 neurons in lamina II per 10-microm tra

28 ade up 34% of the total neuron population in lamina I and 7.0% in lamina II.

29 On E15, neuron production slowed in lamina I and accelerated in lamina II as local circuit n

30 d synaptic current (eEPSC) amplitude in both lamina I and II neurons from nerve-injured animals than

31 We propose that this modular arrangement of lamina I and II neurons may provide the basis for spinal

32 e induces long-term synaptic facilitation in lamina I and II neurons within the rodent spinal dorsal

33 from the dorsal root in approximately 50% of lamina I and II neurons.

34 ke immunoreactive (FLI) cells was greater in lamina I and II of lesioned rats relative to sham-operat

35 oot, dorsal root entry zone (REZ) and within lamina I and II of the dorsal horn.

36 ereas excitatory vertical cells projected to lamina I and II.

37 Lamina I and III neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor expressing

38 e-cell patch-clamp recordings were made from lamina I and III NK1R+ neurons in the spinal cord slice

39 The more dorsal lamina I and IIo inhibitory neurons are mainly under con

40 neurons were observed, most predominantly in lamina I and IIo of the ipsilateral dorsal horn.

41 P(+) SP(-) boutons were prevalent in lateral lamina I and in lamina IV/V of the dorsal horn (n = 5).

42 nglion (DRG) neurons and appear prominent in lamina I and inner lamina II.

43 nerve-injury versus control animals in both lamina I and lamina II neurons.

44 ron production ceased simultaneously in both lamina I and lamina II on E16.

45 n mouse spinal cord superficial dorsal horn (lamina I and lamina II) and in DRG.

46 each of the three groups of neurons between lamina I and lamina II.

47 half of the total neuron population in both lamina I and lamina II: 55% and 52%, respectively.

48 with the neurokinin 1 receptor are found in lamina I and lamina III, and PKCgamma was present in 22%

49 ina II and there was a shrinking gap between lamina I and lamina III.

50 Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors are located on lamina I and lamina III/IV NK1R+ neurons postsynaptic to

51 Most lamina I and lamina III/IV NK1r-immunoreactive spinothal

52 Selective elimination of NK1R+ neurons in lamina I and lamina III/IV of the dorsal horn also suppr

53 reactive (ir)-dynorphin A(1-8) in two areas (lamina I and laminae IV-V) in the dorsal horn of the spi

54 that cobalt-positive neurons are located in lamina I and outer lamina II, a region strongly innervat

55 the spinal cord, these afferents project to lamina I and the innermost layer of lamina II, which has

56 ostained with anti-GluR2/4 and anti-GluR4 in laminas I and II and with anti-GluR2/3 in laminas III an

57 tral cord regions and limited axon growth to laminas I and II, shaping axonal regeneration toward the

58 in and GluR4 or GluR2/4 are predominantly in laminas I and II.

59 l horn, 5-HT1D-IR fibers are concentrated in laminas I and outer II; a few axons penetrate to lamina

60 NK1 receptor-positive projection neurons in lamina I are a major target of NO released in superficia

61 and NK1 to show that NK1-positive neurons in lamina I are contacted by VR1-positive fibers.

62 Large numbers of VR1-positive terminals in lamina I are of the nonglomerular type and may contain d

63 tionate density of blood vessels in granular lamina is argued to be consistent with the initial locus

64 din-rich medial tip of VPM and show that the lamina I arising fibers are not themselves calbindin imm

65 In order to further characterize the role of lamina I as the source of central ascending neural pathw

66 nce P receptor-expressing (NK1R+) neurons in lamina I, as well as other neurons throughout the superf

67 VPL produced marked increases in labeling in lamina I, associated first with spread into VPI and next

68 inoma cell invasion through the normal basal lamina is attributable in part to metalloproteinase-indu

69 sses of pacemakers could be distinguished in lamina I based on cell size and the pattern of their axo

70 These circuits differ greatly from the lamina I-based projection that is targeted by the peptid

71 buted bilaterally, predominantly (63-69%) in lamina I but also in laminae V-VIII and the thoracic lat

72 ns having a large percentage of dendrites in lamina I but little in the white matter, whereas at the

73 d noxious stimulus-induced Fos expression in lamina I, but the Fos inhibition was less pronounced in

74 ary afferent-evoked EPSCs when compared with lamina I cells from opiate-naive rat spinal slices.

75 We also found that lamina I cells in L4 that project to the dorsal medulla

76 Whole-cell voltage-clamped lamina I cells in spinal slices from opiate-tolerant neo

77 Some of the postsynaptic lamina I cells were shown to project rostrally.

78 ent central and Substance P (SP)-insensitive lamina I cells were unaffected directly by either NA or

79 posterior VMpo labeled primarily lumbosacral lamina I cells, whereas injections placed more anteriorl

80 nteriorly in VMpo labeled primarily cervical lamina I cells.

81 rate other findings that have indicated that lamina I COLD cells are pyramidal neurons and are not ph

82 sitive neurons (>6/section) in contralateral lamina I compared to ventral horn injections.

83 pathways suggest that a common cichlid oral lamina is competent to form teeth or taste buds.

84 The nuclear lamina is composed mainly of lamins A and C (A-type lami

85 nt planes showed that this is a subregion of lamina I containing clusters of neurons that appear to h

86 the organization of the nuclear envelope and lamina is dependent on a mechanism involving the methyla

87 The stability of the lamin B1 lamina is dependent on lamin endoproteolysis (by Rce1) b

88 The nuclear lamina is disassembled during mitosis and apoptosis and

89 we provide direct evidence that the nuclear lamina is disrupted during HSV-1 infection and that the

90 yl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) responses at lamina I dorsal horn synapses.

91 Our observations indicate that LCNs of lamina I form intersegmental as well as interlaminar con

92 Lamin A, a key component of the nuclear lamina, is generated from prelamin A by four post-transl

93 lopment and in the adult, the most posterior lamina is glutamate immunopositive.

94 st that different neuronal subpopulations in lamina I have characteristic patterns of supraspinal pro

95 Lamina I-II neurons exhibited cell type-specific pattern

96 induced NK1R internalization in ipsilateral laminas I-II.

97 one cell layer thick, immediately below the lamina I/II border, with morphological and physiological

98 anatomy: one subset projected to superficial laminas (I/II); the other gave rise to diffuse, dorsally

99 NK1 receptor internalization in neurons from laminas I, III, or IV of the dorsal horn in the CCI or S

100 Afferent fibres from the superficial lamina (I-III) were found to course in the dorsal funicu

101 ave found that inhibitory neurons throughout lamina I-III, identified by the GAD67 promoter-driven EG

102 s is induced in the superficial dorsal horn (laminas I-III) of the spinal cord by three distinct part

103 tely 70% with anti-GluR4 or anti-GluR2/4 (in laminas I-III), 25-30% with anti-GluR2/3 (in laminas III

104 inas III and IV), and 5% with anti-GluR2 (in laminas I-III).

105 and heavily expressed in the dorsal horn by lamina I/III projection neurons that are known to mediat

106 noreactivity in the spinal cord was found in lamina I, inner lamina II, and laminae III/IV.

107 acing results, which confirmed the selective lamina I input to VMpo and the anteroposterior (head to

108 hermoreceptive-specific units, indicative of lamina I input.

109 However, the lamina is integrated within a network of lipids, protein

110 NC and spinal dorsal horn that extended from lamina I into lamina II.

111 , we determine that the density of the lower lamina is inversely correlated with pigmentation.

112 ing structural stability to the nucleus, the lamina is involved in many nuclear activities, including

113 Spinal lamina I is a key area for relaying and integrating info

114 VR1 immunoreactivity in terminals in lamina I is in good agreement with data on noxious, heat

115 These observations indicate that lamina I is the major source of spinal input to this por

116 lia pugettensis, a basal malacostracan whose lamina is linked by a chiasma to a medulla that is linke

117 Skeletal muscle basal lamina is linked to the sarcolemma through transmembrane

118 l VPL topography); few cells were labeled in lamina I (<8%) and essentially none in lamina VII.

119 A compromised nuclear lamina is molecularly interlinked to altered chromatin f

120 f crustacean optic neuropils deeper than the lamina is mostly unknown.

121 immunohistochemically distinct subregion of lamina I, nearly all of which are pyramidal neurons.

122 Lamina I neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor expressing (NK1R(+)

123 ced ADS in the monosynaptic C fiber input to lamina I neurokinin 1 receptor-expressing neurons (1-10

124 urons (LCNs), which form the majority of the lamina I neuronal population.

125 nguished from other classes of spinothalamic lamina I neurones by their peripheral inputs, central co

126 Five of the 13 lamina I neurones were relatively large with extensive d

127 ly and electrophysiologically from the other lamina I neurones, which had ipsilateral, locally arbori

128 f warming-specific lumbosacral spinothalamic lamina I neurones.

129 reased the contralateral excitatory drive to Lamina I neurons and its ability to evoke action potenti

130 itions ventral to that of their soma, but in lamina I neurons and lamina II vertical cells this ventr

131 We have shown that spinothalamic lamina I neurons are infrequent in rat lumbar enlargemen

132 P (SP) as measured by SPR internalization in lamina I neurons at both 8 and 60 min after formalin inj

133 Virtually all spinothalamic lamina I neurons at both levels were labelled from LPb a

134 sts a preferential targeting of NK1-positive lamina I neurons by fibers containing VR1, these results

135 Lamina I neurons can be classified morphologically into

136 Spinothalamic lamina I neurons differed from those labelled only from

137 We selectively ablated lamina I neurons expressing GRPR in the spinal cord of m

138 Some lamina I neurons expressing the NK1 receptor, the recept

139 nd on miniature (m)EPSCs recorded from large lamina I neurons in horizontal spinal cord slices.

140 mulus only induced internalization in 22% of lamina I neurons in normal rats, after inflammation, it

141 c pathways from peripheral sensory fibers to lamina I neurons in rats.

142 In horizontal sections, spinomedullary lamina I neurons included all three main morphological t

143 In contrast, lamina I neurons lacking NK1 receptor (NK1R-) received p

144 These lamina I neurons project to the brainstem and thalamus a

145 Lamina I neurons received excitatory synaptic input from

146 s intensities, both the total number of SPR+ lamina I neurons showing SPR internalization and the num

147 , such that calcium provides a mechanism for lamina I neurons to track their own activity.

148 s from trigeminal, cervical, and lumbosacral lamina I neurons were investigated with Phaseolus vulgar

149 It has been proposed that spinal lamina I neurons with ascending axons that project to th

150 We show that the majority of lamina I neurons with locally branching axons fall into

151 ves as a readout of neuronal activity within lamina I neurons, providing a unifying mechanism through

152 t firing in approximately 42% of nonbursting lamina I neurons, suggesting that pacemaker activity is

153 rength between primary afferent C-fibers and lamina I neurons, the first synaptic relay in the nocice

154 the presence of burst-firing in PRV-infected lamina I neurons, thereby confirming that pacemakers are

155 h-clamp electrophysiological recordings from lamina I neurons, we found that action potential firing

156 nucleus, dendrites, and dendritic spines of lamina I neurons.

157 labeled STT cells ( approximately 90%) were lamina I neurons.

158 ith DR Adelta input monosynaptically excited lamina I neurons.

159 is a significant upregulation of the SPR in lamina I neurons.

160 recorded and intracellularly labeled 38 cat lamina I neurons.

161 ubstance P receptor, and c-Fos expression in lamina I neurons.

162 oked internalization of the NK-1 receptor in lamina I neurons.

163 elta-afferents and C-afferents supply lumbar Lamina I neurons.

164 excitatory synaptic events within individual lamina I neurons.

165 iated NMDA currents in spinal lamina IIo not lamina I neurons.

166 Abeta-LTMR input from activating nociceptive lamina I neurons.

167 ellular compartments of male rat spinal cord lamina I neurons.

168 acid receptor-mediated synaptic currents in lamina I neurons.

169 TP induction at C-fiber synapses with spinal lamina I neurons.

170 of the fundamental physiology of spinal cord lamina I neurons.

171 g(leak)) compared with adjacent, nonbursting lamina I neurons.

172 e-cell patch-clamp recordings were made from lamina I NK1R(+) neurons in the spinal cord slice prepar

173 trengthening of monosynaptic Adelta drive to lamina I NK1R(+) neurons may contribute to the heterosyn

174 Abeta-fiber input to lamina I NK1R(+) neurons was minimal, polysynaptic in na

175 ively, revealed significant A fiber input to lamina I NK1R+ neurons that was predominantly Abeta fibe

176 Lamina I NK1R+ neurons were shown to receive high-thresh

177 ly expressed at primary afferent synapses on lamina I NK1R+ neurons, but play more important roles fo

178 ifferent populations of dorsal horn neurons; lamina I NK1R+ neurons, including projection neurons, an

179 novel polysynaptic low-threshold input onto lamina I NK1R+ neurons, may be an underlying component o

180 tsynaptic Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors than lamina I NK1R+ neurons.

181 In lamina I NK1R- and lamina III NK1R+ neurons, disinhibiti

182 Lamina III/IV NK1R+ neurons and lamina I NK1R- neurons have a significantly higher propo

183 ircuits through which these inputs can reach lamina I, nociceptive output neurons.

184 ivals (52 hr), labeled cells were present in lamina I of both the TNC and spinal dorsal horn.

185 identified nociceptive projection neurons of lamina I of the DH, but not in inhibitory DH interneuron

186 or inputs to 'wide dynamic range' neurons in lamina I of the dorsal horn that had axons that projecte

187 ession of its receptor GRPR is restricted to lamina I of the dorsal spinal cord.

188 eptive spinothalamic tract (STT) neurones in lamina I of the lumbosacral spinal cord of anaesthetized

189 hmic burst-firing have been characterized in lamina I of the neonatal spinal cord, where they are inn

190 Lamina I of the rat spinal cord contains neurons that pr

191 ulation of glutamatergic interneurons within lamina I of the rat spinal cord exhibits oscillatory bur

192 tion of eEPSC amplitude in lamina II but not lamina I of the spinal cord dorsal horn in nerve-injured

193 Maladaptive plasticity of neurons in lamina I of the spinal cord is a lynchpin for the develo

194 Lamina I of the spinal cord is densely innervated by noc

195 f 'wide dynamic range' projection neurons in lamina I of the spinal cord to graded velocity brushing

196 known inhibitory projection specifically to lamina I of the spinal cord, which contains sensory neur

197 bitory descending projection specifically to lamina I of the spinal cord, which transmits afferent pa

198 Lamina I of the spinal dorsal horn is a major site of in

199 hial nucleus (LPB), caudal pressor area, and lamina I of the spinal trigeminal nucleus and all levels

200 rization of actin in the activated dendritic lamina is of particular interest because it occurs in th

201 bundant in the vitreous body and a new basal lamina is only formed when the vitreous body was directl

202 n and long-term potentiation (LTP) in either lamina I or II neurons.

203 anti-mGluR1a antibodies did not immunostain lamina I or II.

204 physiological recordings were restricted to lamina I or laminae I-II.

205 from low-threshold Abeta mechanoreceptors to lamina I output neurons.

206 cord with tract-tracing to demonstrate that lamina I pacemaker neurons contact multiple spinal motor

207 re we demonstrate that a hallmark feature of lamina I pacemaker neurons is a reduced conductance thro

208 Overall, these results show that lamina I pacemakers are positioned to regulate both the

209 nization of the major proteins composing the lamina is poorly defined.

210 , the structural organization of the nuclear lamina is poorly understood.

211 Basal lamina is present, neurons are healthy, and the inhibiti

212 evoked near-maximal (98%) internalization in lamina I, produced significant changes in laminae III-VI

213 into the brainstem to estimate the number of lamina I projection cells in the C7 segment.

214 rming the estimate that there are around 400 lamina I projection cells in this segment.

215 lts suggest that there are approximately 215 lamina I projection cells per side, and that spinothalam

216 ly we found that MeCP2 was phosphorylated in lamina I projection neurons 1 h after induction of perip

217 an mTOR-positive subset of A-nociceptors and lamina I projection neurons and suggest a new pharmacolo

218 Three types of lamina I projection neurons have been described: multipo

219 Although lamina I projection neurons have been intensively studie

220 Lamina I projection neurons have been shown to be essent

221 ocytochemistry to examine the innervation of lamina I projection neurons in the rat by substance P-co

222 er indicator of function than morphology for lamina I projection neurons in the rat.

223 ervical enlargement, but the total number of lamina I projection neurons in this region was not known

224 The proportion of lamina I projection neurons labelled from PAG is higher

225 ic excitation and inhibition onto identified lamina I projection neurons of the adult mouse spinal co

226 The neurokinin-1 receptor is expressed by lamina I projection neurons of the spinal cord that are

227 These fibers terminate in contact with lamina I projection neurons that express the SP receptor

228 Only 6% of VGAT boutons presynaptic to large lamina I projection neurons that lacked NK1rs contained

229 the circuit extends dorsally to nociceptive lamina I projection neurons, and includes lamina II calr

230 SGK1 protein was also localized, in part, to lamina I projection neurons, and its expression in the s

231 nd cutaneous afferent synapses onto immature lamina I projection neurons, which convey nociceptive in

232 tiation (LTP) at sensory synapses onto adult lamina I projection neurons, which serve as a major outp

233 mouse primary afferent synapses onto mature lamina I projection neurons, which serve as a major outp

234 eyed low-threshold mechanoreceptor inputs to lamina I projection neurons.

235 esence of pacemaker activity within neonatal lamina I projection neurons.

236 indings are consistent with the concept that lamina I projections constitute an ascending homeostatic

237 The lamina is proposed to be an important determinant of nuc

238 of transcriptional induction at the nuclear lamina is similar to that observed at an internal nuclea

239 ndrites) and flattened (dendrites limited to lamina I) somatodendritic categories.

240 Lamina I SP-sensitive cells expressed an outward current

241 smic assembly compartment, where the nuclear lamina is specifically rearranged, the outer nuclear mem

242 tein in these neurons, and reduced firing of lamina I spinal cord neurons in response to noxious heat

243 l cord, it was internalized and cytotoxic to lamina I spinal cord neurons that express the substance

244 Thus, lamina I spinal cord neurons that express the substance

245 tory and inhibitory synaptic inputs to mouse lamina I spinal dorsal horn neurons, using laser scannin

246 utaneous afferent synapses onto immature rat lamina I spino-parabrachial neurons, which serve as a ma

247 minal labeling in the site homologous to the lamina I spino-thalamo-cortical relay nucleus identified

248 The C7 segment contained fewer lamina I spinoparabrachial cells than L4, but a similar

249 ge, a population that synapses directly onto lamina I spinoparabrachial neurons and is known to suppr

250 In the CCI, nociceptive lamina I spinoparabrachial neurons had heat thresholds t

251 ults are consistent with the hypothesis that lamina I spinoparabrachial neurons have an important mec

252 e heat-evoked stimulus-response functions of lamina I spinoparabrachial neurons in CCI animals co-var

253 is hypothesis the quantitative properties of lamina I spinoparabrachial neurons in the chronic constr

254 Nociceptive lamina I spinoparabrachial neurons were also significant

255 imuli for activation of 'wide dynamic range' lamina I spinoparabrachial neurons were low velocity bru

256 phin-lineage inhibitory synapses onto mature lamina I spinoparabrachial neurons, a major output of th

257 ic representation of selectively nociceptive lamina I spinothalamic activity.

258 Our results suggest that there are 90 lamina I spinothalamic neurons per side in C7 and 15 in

259 We found a class of lamina I spinothalamic tract (STT) neurons selectively e

260 Lamina I spinothalamic tract (STT) neurons were identifi

261 ct, as with other unmyelinated afferents, in lamina I-spinothalamic pathways.

262 These findings preclude privileged C-tactile-lamina I-spinothalamic projections and imply integrated

263 he thermoreceptive- and nociceptive-specific lamina I spinothalamocortical pathway in monkeys, and ca

264 s support the concept that VMpo is a primate lamina I spinothalamocortical relay nucleus important fo

265 The composite lamina is stretchable only in one direction due to inext

266 e that three distinct morphological types of lamina I STT cells are present in the monkey as in the c

267 These distinct morphological types of lamina I STT cells with differential longitudinal distri

268 l classes of nociceptive and thermoreceptive lamina I STT cells.

269 d to the three main physiological classes of lamina I STT cells.

270 eus (VMpo) as the major projection target of lamina I STT neurons.

271 siform cells formed about 20% of the labeled lamina I STT population in the C7-8 and L6-7 segments bu

272 s, and they corroborate the concept that the lamina I STT projection comprises several discrete chann

273 ize GluN2B-mediated NMDAR responses at human lamina I synapses and show that a human ex vivo BDNF mod

274 and potentiation of GluN2B NMDAR by BDNF at lamina I synapses.

275 lateral portion of the medulla that receives lamina I terminations in two sets of experiments in the

276 Lamina I terminations were identified by anterograde lab

277 ment T5, were only slightly more numerous in lamina I than in lamina II.

278 y neurons were more ventrally located within lamina I than spinothalamic neurons.

279 labeled spinothalamic tract (STT) neurons in lamina I (the marginal zone) of the spinal dorsal horn a

280 nput to VMpo originates almost entirely from lamina I, these findings provide strong evidence that th

281 The nuclear lamina is thought to be the primary mechanical defence o

282 t to the amygdala is relayed from neurons in lamina I through the elPB.

283 thalamus labeled predominantly STT cells in lamina I throughout the spinal cord.

284 alyzed the relationship of fibers arising in lamina I to nuclei in and around the caudal pole of the

285 Thus, a key function of the nuclear lamina is to serve as a "fence" and prevent the incursio

286 dorsal horn consist of projection neurons in lamina I, together with neurons in laminae III-IV that e

287 Projection neurons in lamina I, together with those in laminae III-IV that exp

288 We used the electron microscope to examine lamina I trigemino- and spinothalamic (TSTT) termination

289 ng work identified somatotopically organized lamina I trigemino- and spinothalamic terminations in a

290 s demonstrate phylogenetically novel primate lamina I TSTT projections important for sensory and moti

291 Lamina I TSTT terminations in VMpo generally have severa

292 nce supporting the hypothesis that VMpo is a lamina I TSTT thalamocortical relay nucleus in primates

293 egulators, including dynein, and the nuclear lamina is unclear.

294 utational model predicts that the unwrinkled lamina is under tension, which is confirmed using a lami

295 revalence of spontaneous burst firing within lamina I was enhanced in the presence of high internal c

296 a toxin B subunit conjugated HRP labeling in lamina I was expanding into lamina II and there was a sh

297 nterograde tracing from injections involving lamina I, we demonstrate widespread fiber terminations t

298 ns with identifiable axons that projected to lamina I were hyperpolarized by DAMGO.

299 ermination of large Abeta fibers, but not in lamina I, where Adelta fibers terminate.

300 and temperature stimuli activate neurons of lamina I within the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, and