ライフサイエンスコーパス: leaving group

1 ons at the bromine center (polyfluorophenide leaving group).

2 oheterolytic cleavage of an Ar-LG bond (LG = leaving group).

3 AlkA (their conjugate bases should be better leaving groups).

4 unctionalization of starting material with a leaving group.

5 attack on a Michael acceptor with an allylic leaving group.

6 action, wherein the azide anion acted as the leaving group.

7 dazolyl nucleophile and the p-nitrophenolate leaving group.

8 which ATP, rather than pyrophosphate, is the leaving group.

9 N3 of A1 is the proton donor to the oxyanion leaving group.

10 mechanism is dependent on the nature of the leaving group.

11 eficient double bond along with an excellent leaving group.

12 duct in the degree of proton transfer to the leaving group.

13 e implicated as proton donors to the epoxide leaving group.

14 on the incoming nucleophile and an enhanced leaving group.

15 he bridging beta phosphate oxygen of the GDP leaving group.

16 methyl from boron to carbon with loss of the leaving group.

17 nding solvent to assist the departure of the leaving group.

18 f the alkyl group antiperiplanar to the N(2) leaving group.

19 tates the reaction conditions, including the leaving group.

20 ement of a substituted benzyl alcohol as the leaving group.

21 s with thiolates and with the ability of the leaving group.

22 lsiloxyfuran is activated by the carboxylate leaving group.

23 te by sulfur (5'-PS), which is a much better leaving group.

24 being dependent mainly on the nature of the leaving group.

25 nitrogen to the bridging oxygen atom of the leaving group.

26 of the radical anion or the expulsion of the leaving group.

27 well as for neutral nucleophiles with HF as leaving group.

28 stabilization of the aci-carboxylate dianion leaving group.

29 to produce the fluorescent Oregon Green 488 leaving group.

30 e reaction that is derived from the leftover leaving group.

31 und phosphate and weaker interactions to the leaving group.

32 e, semicircular surface around the substrate leaving group.

33 hydroxyl group at the 1-position to act as a leaving group.

34 ns, such as an inability to discriminate the leaving group.

35 phosphates to help orient the pyrophosphate leaving group.

36 ollowed by beta elimination of the phenoxide leaving group.

37 n mechanism that displaces the least charged leaving group.

38 ze the transition state and orient the PP(i) leaving group.

39 cil, making uracilate a better than expected leaving group.

40 d monomer with displacement of the imidazole leaving group.

41 ctions where azide acts as an unconventional leaving group.

42 ](-) essentially acting as a protecting then leaving group.

43 hiles with saccharide donors equipped with a leaving group.

44 eing able to hydrolyze DFP with its fluoride leaving group.

45 m the solution and thus rendered a traceless leaving group.

46 ng monomer, displacing the 2-methylimidazole leaving group.

47 ted pathway when phosphate is bonded to good leaving groups.

48 s 2a-i and 3a-i containing a wide variety of leaving groups.

49 aromatic compounds using sulfonium salts as leaving groups.

50 has been modifying hydroxylamines with good leaving groups.

51 ester with organolithium reagents with alpha-leaving groups.

52 d on manipulation of protecting and aglycone leaving groups.

53 diphosphate-X, where X is a large variety of leaving groups.

54 triazine were used--1,3,5-triazines that had leaving groups.

55 ometry in precursor ion scan mode for select leaving groups.

56 gnificant bond order to both nucleophile and leaving groups.

57 building blocks equipped with six different leaving groups.

58 observed with phosphate relative to chloride leaving groups.

59 es that hydrolyze compounds with challenging leaving groups.

60 a variety of fluorine, bromine, and hydride leaving groups.

61 selectivity can be tuned by using different leaving groups.

62 e boronate occurs with both halide and ester leaving groups.

63 r reactions involving relatively poor alkoxy leaving groups.

64 d loss from the carbonyl carbon to the amide leaving group (1.52 A).

65 In contrast to hydrolysis, the large leaving group (18)O isotope effect indicates the C-O3' b

66 vanced phosphorus-oxygen bond fission to the leaving group ((18)k(LG) = 1.034 +/- 0.004) and phosphor

67 For good leaving groups, a strong preference is observed for a mo

68 in order to examine the correlation between leaving group ability and acidity for moieties that allo

69 oward neutral or basic, thus diminishing the leaving group ability of the amino group.

70 ophilicity of NHCs and aNHCs, as well as the leaving group ability of the former, the carbon-carbon d

71 ates of these systems and suggested that the leaving group ability of the N-OR substituent plays an i

72 the degree of polarization in uracil and the leaving group ability of uracilate.

73 contributions of conformational preferences, leaving group ability, enzyme-base hydrogen bonding, and

74 he extent of triazole formation depends upon leaving group ability.

75 protonates the hydroxyl group, enhancing the leaving group ability.

76 e been compared as probes for evaluating the leaving group ability.

77 equilibria such as pKa values as measures of leaving group ability.

78 action varies, depending on the electrophile leaving group, acid cofactor, and nucleophile size: smal

79 ibited by our carbonyl substrates, where the leaving group activates the anti proton, leading to the

80 methylene substitution in the pyrophosphate leaving group affects cognate and non-cognate nucleotide

81 is blocked by the continued presence of the leaving group after opening of the beta-lactam ring.

82 to the nucleophile and bond cleavage to the leaving group already initiated.

83 as an activator for the Michael addition, a leaving group and a latent oxidant in this integrated re

84 s 17 and 24, containing the benzyl sulfonate leaving group and a neutral DNA minor groove-binding sid

85 We evaluated the effects of the benzylic leaving group and core structure of arylboronates on H2O

86 hich is thought to chelate the chlorosulfite leaving group and deliver the halogen nucleophile from t

87 activate the nucleotide base as an efficient leaving group and demonstrate that the higher binding af

88 reactions by binding the fluoride or nitrite leaving group and facilitating displacement.

89 zyme leading to loss of a substituted phenol leaving group and generation of a reactive iminium elect

90 has an important role in stabilizing the 3'O leaving group and is the prime candidate for the general

91 iple by which the synergistic interplay of a leaving group and its subsequent activation of the nucle

92 role of the trichloroacetimidate as a potent leaving group and ligand to enable conversion of racemic

93 c dyad lacks a general acid to protonate the leaving group and positively charged residues to stabili

94 on (E2 and Ecb) depends on the nature of the leaving group and reaction conditions.

95 mer displaces an activated nucleotide as the leaving group and results in extension of the primer by

96 the advantage that molecular nitrogen is the leaving group and sole byproduct in this reaction.

97 However, the nature of the photo-leaving group and the counterion of the precursor phosph

98 enerate the ribosyl cation by binding to the leaving group and then couple the ribose derivative with

99 ing information as to the specificity of the leaving group and therefore the most kinetically compete

100 olysis reaction through stabilization of the leaving group and/or transition state.

101 thyl sulfonate prodrugs containing sulfonate leaving groups and 7-substituted electron-withdrawing gr

102 g group combination was found independent of leaving groups and activators.

103 he visible- and NIR-range to release various leaving groups and gasotransmitters (carbon monoxide, ni

104 re dependent on the nature of the pyrazolone leaving groups and significantly on the structural prope

105 oups to a fully concerted mechanism for good leaving groups and supported by a theoretical study.

106 ting arylethynyl moieties, substituents, and leaving groups) and protic vs aprotic solvation.

107 arbon, proton transfer to the amide nitrogen leaving group, and C-N bond cleavage.

108 ith the glycosyl moiety loosely bound to the leaving group, and eventually solvent-separated ion pair

109 f the (18)O KIEs on the 2'O nucleophile, 5'O leaving group, and nonbridging phosphoryl oxygens for RN

110 ent on the exact combination of nucleophile, leaving group, and substrate framework.

111 a special Michael acceptor having an allylic leaving group, and the product was then modified in such

112 he influence of the electronic nature of the leaving group, and variations in the 1-alkyl substituent

113 ucts were manipulated to introduce phosphate leaving groups, and subsequent reductive lithiation foll

114 hips between rate constants and pK(a) of the leaving group are curved upward, which is indicative of

115 ide of the nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) leaving group are oriented solely via atomic interaction

116 echanism, while reaction rates for the worse leaving groups are limited by a conformational change of

117 ysine residue that activates the 5'-hydroxyl leaving group, are strictly required to achieve >5% of w

118 Formation of a sulfate leaving group as a biosynthetic strategy to facilitate a

119 ton donor coordinates with the oxygen of the leaving group as the 2-hydroxyl of ribose attacks the un

120 rboxylate anion has a crucial role both as a leaving group as well as an internal nucleophile.

121 y both for anionic nucleophiles with F(-) as leaving group, as well as for neutral nucleophiles with

122 c displacement with bond separation from the leaving group at (2.53 A) and bond making to the attacki

123 and cascade cyclization utilizing NO(2) as a leaving group at ambient temperature.

124 formed using activated glycals that bear no leaving group at C-3 at lower temperatures.

125 Es for the nucleophilic 2'-O and in the 5'-O leaving group at pH 14 are both large relative to reacti

126 bstitued cyclopentane carboxylates bearing a leaving group (at the C-4 position) and an additional su

127 d ion pairs with the glycosyl moiety and the leaving group being separated by solvent molecules.

128 A better leaving group (Br) and stepwise bisquinone methide forma

129 adium-amine complex and/or expel the anionic leaving group (bromide).

130 l role of the aryloxide, which operates as a leaving group, Bronsted base, Bronsted acid and Lewis ba

131 ivated water molecule and protonation of the leaving group by a histidine residue.

132 erstanding the thermal heterolysis of carbon-leaving group (C-LG) bonds, no general models connect st

133 gue into a more dissociative type, where the leaving group carries a large amount of negative charge.

134 ids is especially challenging even when good leaving groups (Cl(-) ) are employed.

135 The donor-acceptor protecting-leaving group combinations were found to be of paramount

136 tack occurs before complete departure of the leaving group, consistent with a D(N)A(N) reaction mecha

137 a peptide-thioester - in which the thioester leaving group contains a lipid-like alkyl chain - and a

138 he trichloroacetimidate as the optimum donor leaving group, core skeletons of glycosylphosphatidyl in

139 Picolinate as a chelation-assisted leaving group could be activated by Cu(OTf)(2) and avoid

140 ation of the data that involves catalysis of leaving group departure by Lys 83 functioning as a gener

141 Subsequently, a Mg(II)-bound water triggers leaving group departure by neutralizing the 3'-hydroxyl

142 nsition state stabilization, and facilitates leaving group departure.

143 ically assist initial catalysis by "pushing" leaving-group departure.

144 Increasing the ribocation to leaving-group distance in the second- to fourth-generati

145 et of serine hydrolases without release of a leaving group, does not covalently modify active site ca

146 nucleophile and stabilization of the thymine leaving group during the isotopically sensitive step.

147 y be transferred from the nucleophile to the leaving group during the reaction.

148 sitioning divalent metals that stabilize the leaving groups during each reaction.

149 n of DNA with epoxides substituted with good leaving groups (e.g. vinyl chloride epoxide).

150 rutinosyl donors bearing different anomeric leaving groups (e.g., SPh, OC(NH)CCl(3), Br, OH groups)

151 tiple reactive functional groups (pai-bonds, leaving group, etc.) is required within the substrates,

152 , being both a strong nucleophile and a good leaving group, exhibits the highest HTP activity and als

153 e electron-withdrawing nature of the allylic leaving group facilitates the addition by negative hyper

154 ns where hydrogen embedded within an alcohol leaving group facilitates turnover.

155 ent bond between the glycosyl moiety and the leaving group, followed by formation of contact ion pair

156 he design and optimization of a redox-active leaving group for C(sp(3))-O arylation.

157 ,2,2-trifluoroethoxy group as an alternative leaving group for hydrolytically unstable heteroaryl chl

158 metal complex and orients the pyrophosphate leaving group for in-line catalysis with stereochemical

159 d metal complex and orient the pyrophosphate leaving group for in-line catalysis.

160 ve the drawback of requiring reasonably good leaving groups for photorelease.

161 termediate, the dissociated but unprotonated leaving group forms an alkoxide coordinated to magnesium

162 from the aromatic substituent, the benzylic leaving groups greatly affected DNA cross-linking effici

163 oate (PFB) and 2,4,6-trifluorobenzoate (TFB) leaving groups have been derived from the solvolysis rat

164 ings of alkyl electrophiles that bear oxygen leaving groups have been limited to reactions of allylic

165 substituted hydroxylamines with carbon-based leaving groups have been synthesized, and their structur

166 tase-like ribozymes that recognize synthetic leaving groups) have been used to expand the scope of ch

167 ition state with little bond cleavage to the leaving group, highlighting the care that needs to be ta

168 y enhanced by using the acetamide as a quasi-leaving group in a subsequent conventional Pd-catalyzed

169 the first report that acetate is a competent leaving group in COP-catalyzed enantioselective S(N)2' s

170 The enzyme holds the nucleophile and leaving group in relatively fixed positions to create a

171 enzyme might protonate and stabilize the 3'O leaving group in the strand cleavage reaction, we examin

172 The binding mode of the leaving group in the transition state highlights that va

173 he core unit, potentially releasing up to 27 leaving groups in a third-generation dendrimer.

174 s in TS1 are examined in detail: the two non-leaving groups in particular are found to play an import

175 gen-bonded substituents were investigated as leaving groups in photoinduced ArS(N)1 reactions.

176 nabling cyanides to be used as highly active leaving groups in S(N)Ar reactions provides additional f

177 ve to reactions of phosphodiesters with good leaving groups, indicating that the reaction catalyzed b

178 hate (or its mimic) and inhibitor cation, 2) leaving-group interactions to N1, O6, and N7 of 9-deazah

179 The P-O bond to the leaving group is about 50-60% broken in the transition s

180 hat hydrolyze aromatic amides, for which the leaving group is an aniline moiety.

181 Preferential glycosidation of a certain leaving group is determined neither by the strength of t

182 We show that, in many cases, the cyanide leaving group is displaced preferentially in the presenc

183 enol derivatives where the oxygen-containing leaving group is not a fluorinated sulfonate such as tri

184 site of catalytic dehydration only when the leaving group is present.

185 nal molecule, if an appropriately positioned leaving group is present.

186 anistic studies demonstrate that the optimal leaving group is redox-active and are consistent with a

187 Thus, retention of the (pyro)phosphate leaving group is required for C6-C3' bond formation, res

188 etate, it was found that the cleavage of the leaving group is the rate-determining step.

189 ries of HNO donors utilizing pyrazolone (PY) leaving groups, is described.

190 not observed with expectedly better tosyloxy leaving groups, is elucidated computationally.

191 tivating reagent nor by the stability of the leaving group itself; instead, the type of activation pl

192 ermediates followed by departure of benzylic leaving groups leading to QMs which directly cross-link

193 of a nucleophile at a carbon atom bearing a 'leaving group' leads to a negatively charged intermediat

194 mplished through systematic variation of the leaving group (LG) and core substituents as well as subs

195 d principally to stabilization of a fluoride leaving group (LG) in covalent reactions of sulfonyl flu

196 Substrates with good leaving groups (LGs) have little cleavage of the phospho

197 at/UV-sensitive alkene, bearing an activated leaving group (N-succinimidyl undecylenate), without suf

198 substituted hydroxamic acids with pyrazolone leaving groups (NHPY), has been synthesized.

199 ition state with very low bond orders to the leaving group nicotinamide and the nucleophile acetyllys

200 witterionic benzotriazolyl species makes the leaving group noncompetitive and generates the nucleofug

201 We used a combination of different leaving groups, nucleobases, and templating sequences to

202 catalytic base, and the dissociation of the leaving group occur almost simultaneously.

203 Through modification of the leaving group of allylic electrophiles, we found that tr

204 cal role of the metal in orienting the PP(i) leaving group of ATP during step 1, and the protein conf

205 The pyrophosphate leaving group of GTPalphaS is oriented apically to His40

206 156, are used to stabilize the pyrophosphate-leaving group of lipid II, and E100 in the acceptor site

207 The oxalate leaving group of oxaliplatin is not required for NPM1 re

208 ies between aryl/alkyl carbonate and another leaving group of similar nucleofugality (Nf) may occur i

209 se' reaction by donating a proton to the O5' leaving group of the 5'-PO4 strand.

210 otide (DIAL) that replaces the pyrophosphate leaving group of the native substrate with adenosine tri

211 merase (UL54) by mimicking the pyrophosphate leaving group of the nucleotide transfer reaction.

212 Bisphosphonates can mimic the pyrophosphate leaving group of the nucleotidyl transfer reaction and e

213 leophilic hydroxide relative to the phenolic leaving group of the substrate.

214 uence of the acidity (pK(a)) of heterocyclic leaving group of triazole urea derivatives as diacylglyc

215 ogue, DEVX, which contains the same thiolate leaving group of VX coupled to a diethoxyphosphate core

216 degrees C) than expected for a diester with leaving groups of pK(a) 9.09.

217 ay lead to the emergence of novel functions, leaving groups of similar genes - termed paralogs - in t

218 rly adulthood to middle adulthood, typically leaving groups of subjects with wheezing that persists i

219 This leaving group offers an entry point for the insertion of

220 , the activator (that generally provides the leaving group on the activated donor species) and the gl

221 ent in the acyclic substrates with the mesyl leaving group, on the reactivity in the DBCE reaction wa

222 Normally, such shifts are induced by alpha-leaving groups or by reactions of alkenyl boronates with

223 We suggest that the leaving group order in the gas phase will be dependent o

224 n reactions (S(N)Ar) is characterized by the leaving group order, F > NO(2) > Cl approximately Br > I

225 upling process for electrophiles that bear a leaving group other than a halide adds a significant new

226 plexes is driven by displacement of an alpha-leaving group, oxidation of an alpha-boryl radical, or e

227 2,3LacbetaSPh for the ring oxygen ((18)V/K), leaving group oxygen ((18)V/K), C3-S deuterium ((D)V/K(S

228 .026 +/- 0.006), C2-(13)C (0.999 +/- 0.005), leaving group oxygen 2-(18)O (1.040 +/- 0.012), and C2-(

229 ))(2)CH(+) was only achieved using the photo-leaving group P(p-Cl-C(6)H(4))(3) and the counter-anion

230 e reactions with the solvent, with the photo-leaving group PAr(3), or with the counter-anion X(-) of

231 , Bronsted analysis (log(V(max)/K(M)) versus leaving group pK(a) value) reveals beta(LG) = -0.86 +/-

232 Altering the leaving group pK(a), by replacing the departing nucleosi

233 en the two pathways gradually reduces as the leaving group pKa increases and creates mechanistic ambi

234 drolysis to explore the effect of modulating leaving group pKa on the competition between solvent- an

235 Boc=tert-butoxycarbonyl, LG=leaving group, PMB=para-methoxybenzyl.

236 t have been denoted as the small, large, and leaving group pockets based on high-resolution crystal s

237 h a number of substrate classes that possess leaving groups, polyunsaturation, and acid-sensitive moi

238 ith and without thio modifications at the 5' leaving group position, would provide valuable insight i

239 interaction between the nucleophile and the leaving group previously proposed in the literature.

240 th these dimeric prodrugs, with the superior leaving group promoting more facile release from the tet

241 creases with pyrimidine N1 acidity, that is, leaving group quality of the target base.

242 We find the hemiacetal leaving group rapidly breaks down, enabling quantitative

243 to the nucleophilic atom and the bond to the leaving group reacted approximately 250 times more slowl

244 ve of a change in mechanism, with the better leaving groups reacting by an S(N)1 mechanism, while rea

245 the cyclopropane ring acts as a reporter of leaving-group reactivity, since the ring-opened product

246 logs having distances between the cation and leaving groups resembling those of the known transition

247 ng photolysis did not occur, thus ruling out leaving group return prior to rearrangement.

248 of phenethylamine systems bearing different leaving groups revealed significant differences in the r

249 ctivities were influenced by the sulfonyloxy leaving group, ruling out the possibility of a common me

250 ite, chemistry becomes rate limiting and the leaving group sensitivity of the FEN-catalyzed reaction

251 imination mechanism in which the diphosphate-leaving group serves as a general base.

252 intrinsic barriers for substituted benzoate leaving groups show that substrates producing more stabi

253 This new leaving group significantly accelerates monomer addition

254 the oxyanion hole; the other, occupying the leaving group site of acylation or the nucleophile site

255 ologue, beta-phosphoglucomutase, control the leaving group size (phosphate vs glucose phosphate) and

256 ng analyses, a catalytic mechanism involving leaving group stabilization by H155 in motif 2 and water

257 nism is proposed which combines Lys12/Lys128 leaving group stabilization with zinc ion activation of

258 cts with the UDP product and may function in leaving group stabilization.

259 olyze bulkyorganophosphates with challenging leaving groups such as diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP)

260 ng geometries and dynamic features, anomeric leaving groups, sugar configurations, and reaction condi

261 The proximity of G32 to the O5' leaving group suggests that G32 may putatively serve as

262 opies (fluorescence, IR: cyanophenyl ether), leaving groups (sulfonate, halide, NHS, bromoacetate), a

263 3) (3b), OCH(2)Ph (3d), or Ph(3)P(+) (3i) as leaving groups than those containing OAc (3a), NMe(2) (3

264 tor substrate attacks on the side of the UDP leaving group that acts as a catalytic base.

265 n) anomeric moiety was investigated as a new leaving group that can be activated for chemical glycosy

266 ed GABA analogues with a properly positioned leaving group that could facilitate a ring-opening mecha

267 r the sugar that is removed but also for the leaving group that is produced.

268 Substrates (BABS) bear a hemiacetal aglycon leaving group that tethers fluorochromes in close proxim

269 Trialkylstannanes are good leaving groups that have been used for the formation of

270 presence of nucleophiles that are also good leaving groups, the reaction takes place under thermodyn

271 For poor leaving groups, this intrinsic preference disappears.

272 s His707 as the acid that protonates the THF leaving group through a water molecule trapped in the cl

273 allylic electrophile bearing an appropriate leaving group to access the reactive Pd(pi-allyl) interm

274 and stereoselectivity and then as a suitable leaving group to generate the desired conjugated lactam.

275 es that include nonproductive binding of the leaving group to the enzyme.

276 olving a pentavalent intermediate for poorer leaving groups to a fully concerted mechanism for good l

277 ogical environment without displacement of a leaving group (tracelessly) are rare and highly desirabl

278 nzyl)imidazol-2-ylidene ligand but different leaving groups trans to it were examined for cytotoxicit

279 Departure of the leaving group triphosphate of ATP is well advanced and f

280 rs concomitantly with the protonation of the leaving group tyrosine and explains the different kineti

281 outfitted with an anomeric dialkylphosphate leaving group undergo substitution with high anomeric se

282 todecarboxylation of the pentafluorobenzoate leaving group underpins reaction efficiency.

283 prepared dendrimer indeed released up to 27 leaving groups upon photolysis at 360 nm.

284 g N-nucleophile displaces the alkyl chloride leaving group via 5-exo-tet or 6-exo-tet cyclizations, f

285 due to mortality or emigration, potentially leaving groups vulnerable to ecological challenges in ti

286 The sigma-complex approach failed when the leaving group was Cl/HCl or Br/HBr, both for anionic and

287 S-benzoxazolyl (SBox), and S-ethyl anomeric leaving groups was achieved by fine-tuning activation co

288 Different promoter systems and leaving groups were investigated, and only activation wi

289 oted correlation equation when both types of leaving groups were used to determine the electrofugalit

290 tors did not correlate with the pK(a) of the leaving group, whereas the position of the nitrogen atom

291 sm, as does protonation of the pyrophosphate leaving group, which is consistent with general acid cat

292 ly, even challenging phosphoesters with poor leaving groups, which were found to be very stable in th

293 2'-hydroxyl group onto a secondary mesylate leaving group with clean inversion of stereochemistry wa

294 y with regioretention at the position of the leaving group with perfect chirality transfer.

295 llowed by a simultaneous displacement of the leaving groups with tris(tetra-n-butylammonium) hydrogen

296 ing azido groups ("active" and "latent") and leaving groups (with or without being attached to the fl

297 reaction is completed by protonation of the leaving group, with a neutral Asp132 as a likely proton

298 nhydrous conditions in which water becomes a leaving group, with heat providing activation energy.

299 results establish activation of the thymine leaving group without requirement for phosphate.

300 hrough nucleophilic displacement of suitable leaving groups X by tethered OH groups to give lactones