ライフサイエンスコーパス: litter size

1 on with traits including social monogamy and litter size.

2 ffspring should be inversely proportional to litter size.

3 the range of resources per offspring in any litter size.

4 al resources devoted to reproduction at that litter size.

5 ase in sperm count and motility, and smaller litter size.

6 ptor (ER) locus is associated with increased litter size.

7 ce showed a trend toward a decreased average litter size.

8 xcept that it tended to vary positively with litter size.

9 lly significant (P = 0.013) correlation with litter size.

10 eed intake, weight gain, farrowing rate, and litter size.

11 We did not identify any strong drivers of litter size.

12 important as genotype-independent effects of litter size.

13 ases embryo implantation failure and reduces litter size.

14 ease in embryo resorption and a reduction in litter size.

15 and body growth, or between brain growth and litter size.

16 k tetraiodothyronine (T4) content and halved litter size.

17 d Taf7l(-/Y) males were fertile with reduced litter size.

18 with in vivo development with an equivalent litter size.

19 al for successful term pregnancy with normal litter size.

20 females are subfertile with sharply reduced litter size.

21 A > 80 mg/kg body/day, we observed decreased litter size.

22 of other typical fitness components such as litter size.

23 females show reduced fertility with smaller litter sizes.

24 mosquito fish (Gambusia hubbsi) at different litter sizes.

25 d to reproduction should be the same for all litter sizes.

26 SH levels, ovarian follicle development, and litter sizes.

27 m of demographic stochasticity: variation in litter sizes.

28 cles, decreased pregnancy rates, and reduced litter sizes.

29 allele are viable with slightly reduced mean litter sizes.

30 owth rates, were fertile and produced normal litter sizes.

31 female mice were subfertile and had reduced litter sizes.

32 Litter size (1.9 and 2.4; SEM = 0.59), kid birth weight

33 emainder of gestation and all offspring were litter size adjusted and fed standard chow.

34 incorporates relatedness, body temperature, litter size, adult weight, and the broad lineage (bat or

35 both analyses: sex, year, management group, litter size and age of dam, with day of birth as covaria

36 (-17%, p < 0.05), whereas placental weight, litter size and crown rump length were unaltered.

37 henotype that resulted in a 33% reduction in litter size and frequent perinatal death.

38 ertain strains exhibit striking variation in litter size and in the ratio of females to males.

39 ese alleles cause age-dependent decreases in litter size and increased embryo resorption, likely a co

40 s significantly affected by whelping season, litter size and origin of the dam (whether she was born

41 wed that AGD at birth varied negatively with litter size and parturition number but positively with w

42 determine whether calorie source influenced litter size and sex ratio of pups.

43 At the population level, litter size and survival decreased with increasing wolf

44 At the individual level, litter size and survival improved with body mass and dec

45 However, mannose further reduced litter size and survival to weaning by 40 and 66%, respe

46 cal factors on the reproductive performance (litter size and survival) of breeding females.

47 Fitness proxy measures (litter size and surviving offspring) decrease on average

48 revealed an invariance relationship between litter size and the range of resources per offspring in

49 Endometrial glycogen content, litter size and weight of offspring at birth were signif

50 adverse pregnancy outcomes marked by reduced litter sizes and increased resorption rates.

51 Although overall litter sizes and number of fetal loss remained unaltered

52 mice results in uterine hypoplasia, reduced litter size, and increased incidence of neonatal deaths

53 easured by sperm concentration and motility, litter size, and litter viability) or fetal development.

54 s, embryonic implantation, gestation period, litter size, and offspring viability were not affected b

55 Sow size was positively correlated with litter size, and this finding may reflect the increased

56 Rgs2(-/-) females had reduced litter sizes, and their eggs had increased sensitivity t

57 sence of differences in resorption rates and litter sizes argue against induced embryonic lethality.

58 We found that the rate of senescence in litter size at birth is much more pronounced in heteroga

59 id not lead to any fetal anomalies or affect litter size at gestation day 12, compared with controls.

60 We find that differences in litter size between these two strains are determined by

61 e patterning of foliation; and also affected litter size, body weight, and mortality of the offspring

62 In Jam-A-deficient mice, which have reduced litter size, both progressive and hyperactive motility a

63 ition of parameters for mean and variance of litter sizes, breeding group (subpopulation) sizes, and

64 ming of seed availability minimally affected litter size but strongly affected proportion breeding an

65 Overall, these litter size-by-genotype interactions considerably modifi

66 nd that interaction effects of genotype with litter size can be as important as genotype-independent

67 ts should also show equal ranges within each litter size category (except for litters of one).

68 ably modified the degree to which increasing litter size caused reduced weight.

69 0% more eggs and had a sustained increase in litter size compared to controls.

70 ntly increased livebirths, pup survival, and litter size compared to LPS alone.

71 Ppard(-/-) mice exhibit smaller litter size compared with Ppard(+/+) mice.

72 ed a substantially higher pregnancy rate and litter size compared with WT mice at advanced age.

73 reater fetal loss and subsequently decreased litter sizes compared to normal pregnant rats.

74 Strikingly, we observe a degree of litter size compensation relative to control matings, in

75 We used litter size data on 32 terrestrial carnivore species to

76 rnal investment were associated with smaller litter size, delayed maternal reproduction that extended

77 Gestation length and litter size did not differ between VHF and LF groups and

78 of five major functional traits (body mass, litter size, diet, foraging strata, habitat breadth) rev

79 s indicated that ER is the best predictor of litter size differences.

80 en loci, over and above the general negative litter size effect.

81 birth weight, weight gain during pregnancy, litter size, fetal weight, placental weight, fetal : pla

82 Body mass was the primary determinant of litter size, followed by pack size and population size.

83 The average litter size from GPR4(-/-) intercrosses was approximatel

84 The litter sizes from S1P(2)S1P(3) double-null crosses were

85 weeks of life, as tested by manipulations of litter size, growth hormone levels, or mutations with ef

86 ly, however, long-lived mammals with smaller litter sizes had smaller absolute population responses t

87 e that long-term selection for components of litter size has caused significant changes in physiologi

88 F1 litter size, HFD consumption, body weight, and body fat

89 was detected including a suggestive QTL for litter size in a location of changing allele frequency.

90 The litter size in crosses of top3 beta(-/-) mice decreases

91 arly reproductive senescence and decrease in litter size in F1 female progeny.

92 reproduction timing, proportion breeding and litter size in females and testes size in males.

93 ygotes was sufficient to explain the reduced litter size in matings with Bub1 heterozygous females.

94 n the AHR gene that associate with increased litter size in multiple European commercial lines.

95 riencing the extremes of the normal range of litter sizes in our population (five to nine litter mate

96 ressive use of more anterior nipples only as litter size increased and by the reluctance of pups to v

97 ho begged at low rates received more food as litter size increased.

98 creased reproductive allocation as clutch or litter size increases, affecting current and residual re

99 size ought to show a - 1 scaling with small litter size, independent of most details of the underlyi

100 Female performance was independent of litter size, indicating that it is probably not controll

101 Lpla2-/- mouse mating pairs yielded normal litter sizes, indicating that the gene deficiency did no

102 The reduced litter size is solely a maternal genotype effect and res

103 arly life stressor, we examined birthweight, litter size, maternal cannibalism, and epigenetic modifi

104 ared with in vivo development independent of litter size, maternal origin, or body weight.

105 correlate with the high ovulation quota and litter size observed in mice.

106 eeclampsia, fetal/neonatal deaths, and small litter sizes occurred in some Tg-G0 mice and more severe

107 ay 5 of pregnancy indicated that the reduced litter size of EP2-/- mice is due to a pre-implantation

108 Mean litter sizes of cubs-of-the-year (C0s) and yearlings (C1

109 e similar in magnitude to the main effect of litter size on weight.

110 maternal food intake, maternal weight gain, litter size, or gestational length.

111 eficient female mice have severely decreased litter sizes owing to primary maternal dystocia that is

112 our duration (P < 0.001), as well as reduced litter size (P < 0.01) vs. 3-month-old mice.

113 ctors (breed group according to size/weight, litter size, parity, whelping season and origin of the d

114 on reproductive performance was nonlinear as litter size peaked at eight wolves and then declined, an

115 reduced reproductive transitions and smaller litter sizes playing a secondary role.

116 Prenatal nPM did not alter litter size, pup weight, or postnatal growth.

117 mpairment that could be partially rescued by litter size reduction.

118 in the light of five explanatory hypotheses: litter size, sex allocation, resource limitation, timing

119 No difference in gestation length, litter size, sex ratio or postnatal growth was observed

120 CD-1 line, which has been selected for large litter size, showed little or no inhibition of spermatid

121 ted pregnancy outcomes (gestation length and litter size) similar to wild-type rats.

122 y normal; however, overall the males produce litter sizes some 50% smaller whereas female homozygotes

123 Upon reduction of the litter size, some mutants survive into adulthood and dis

124 vious year was positively correlated with C1 litter size, suggesting smaller litters following years

125 obiotic, exhibited higher weights and larger litter sizes, suggesting a beneficial effect on nutritio

126 No differences in litter size, survival, or body weight were observed in A

127 lastocysts to recipient females doubles mean litter size to about nine piglets per litter.

128 Here, we used a mouse model of divergent litter size to investigate the effects of early postnata

129 ent a modification of this rule that relates litter size to the total resources devoted to reproducti

130 Litter sizes, total litter weight, and individual pup we

131 Since data on intraspecific litter size variation are often sparse, it is unclear wh

132 on should be used to describe the pattern of litter size variation for multiparous carnivores.

133 nagement of less studied carnivores in which litter size variation is estimated using data from speci

134 ecrease in birthweights and ~30% decrease in litter size was observed, supportive of placental insuff

135 Under hypoxic conditions, litter size was reduced and IGFBP-1 was up-regulated in

136 majority of species, because variation among litter-sizes was often small.

137 outcomes in offspring from optimal neonatal litter sizes, we found sex-specific metabolic outcomes i

138 Fetal weight, placental efficiency, and litter size were lowest in BIC and CAB.

139 n embryonic implantation, pregnancy rate and litter size were observed in matings with p53-/- female

140 result in infertility as gestation times and litter sizes were comparable to those of wild-type mice.

141 (d/d) females delivered live pups, and their litter sizes were lower.

142 d in adult F1 females as reduced ovarian and litter size, whereas F1 males recovered normal GC number

143 A3 in mice resulted in significantly reduced litter size, which could be attributed to delayed implan

144 pholipase A(2) (Pla2g4a(-/-)) have a smaller litter size, which is due, in part, to defective implant

145 be positively related to body condition and litter size, while overall offspring THg was positively

146 his is concurrent with a 2-fold reduction of litter size with maternal ageing.

147 intrauterine growth restriction, and reduced litter size with postnatal neuromotor defects.