ライフサイエンスコーパス: marsupial

1 from female tammar wallabies (an Australian marsupial).

2 s by biting and threatens extinction of this marsupial.

3 n eutherian albinos are also present in this marsupial.

4 roughly the same size as the smallest living marsupial.

5 1s are present both in placental mammals and marsupials.

6 cific methylation at other imprinted loci in marsupials.

7 d gene segments and is likely present in all marsupials.

8 pansions of the repertoire in placentals and marsupials.

9 ns such as whales and dolphins as well as in marsupials.

10 pathway of androgen synthesis discovered in marsupials.

11 therian mammal, but have not been studied in marsupials.

12 logenetic analysis of basal metatherians and marsupials.

13 about the development of immunocompetence in marsupials.

14 cally and ecologically most diverse order of marsupials.

15 in which they have been searched, including marsupials.

16 mmaretroviruses from rodents to primates and marsupials.

17 d controls LTR/non-LTR retrotransposition in marsupials.

18 , were linked to the origin and evolution of marsupials.

19 orders of mammals, including monotremes and marsupials.

20 r dentition of this strange group of extinct marsupials.

21 rse assortment of mammals (one monotreme, 11 marsupials, 37 placentals), including 11 new sequences,

22 that recapitulates the genome of an ancient marsupial AAV that circulated among Australian metatheri

23 le sequences completely contained within the marsupial-alignable sequences.

24 In these insectivorous marsupials, all males die after mating, when failure of

25 n mistakenly termed 'placental mammals', but marsupials also have a placenta to mediate early embryon

26 fant and fetal development in eutherians and marsupials, although marsupials have a far more complex

27 , its host range now includes other mammals, marsupials, amphibians, and reptiles.

28 of the mistletoe, two key seed-dispersers (a marsupial and a bird), and a pollinator (hummingbird).

29 only extant mammalian outgroup to therians (marsupial and eutherian animals) and provide key insight

30 that despite major structural differences in marsupial and eutherian brains, accelerated regions in b

31 Marsupial and eutherian mammals have been evolving indep

32 3- to 6-fold lower than in humans and other marsupial and eutherian mammals, as determined by lympho

33 Marsupial and placental brain size partial correlations

34 ity at the pivotal clavicle-sternal joint in marsupial and placental gliders.

35 t sequence age (older than the split between marsupial and placental mammals) were 8.8x enriched (ver

36 ary to reports that IGF2R binds IGF2 only in marsupial and placental mammals, we found positively sel

37 ted precursor, DSP-PP, which is conserved in marsupial and placental mammals.

38 inding protein in the common stem lineage of marsupial and placental mammals.

39 lutions of gliders within arboreal groups of marsupial and placental mammals.

40 in expression status for X-linked genes in a marsupial and sheds light on the regulation and evolutio

41 terminus is deleted in the rod opsin of both marsupials and all eutherian mammals.

42 onventional TCR that was first discovered in marsupials and appears to be absent from placental mamma

43 Many developmental functions in marsupials and eutherian mammals are accomplished by dif

44 These findings suggest that diprotodont marsupials and eutherian mammals share a similar cortica

45 the difference between allometric slopes for marsupials and eutherians is no longer significant and t

46 GF2R imprinting and receptor IGF2 binding in marsupials and eutherians, our results also demonstrate

47 lar similarity between term pregnancy in the marsupials and implantation in eutherian mammals using t

48 In marsupials and in extraembryonic tissues of placental ma

49 In marsupials and in the early mouse embryo, X chromosome i

50 In marsupials and mice, the paternally derived X chromosome

51 s array evolved in placental animals but not marsupials and monotreme species, displays species-speci

52 y of Mesozoic mammals, related tritylodonts, marsupials and monotremes but not in living eutherian (p

53 In contrast, marsupials and monotremes exhibit extreme altriciality a

54 , cathelicidins have a complex history, with marsupials and monotremes uniquely retaining both cluste

55 erences in T cell subset development between marsupials and placental mammals.

56 tain lineages that predate the separation of marsupials and placental mammals.

57 Tribosphenic molars of basal marsupials and placentals are a major adaptation, with t

58 t monotremes and in early ontogeny in extant marsupials and placentals is a morphology that evolved i

59 tative comparison of brain size evolution in marsupials and placentals, whose reproduction and metabo

60 p belonging to the lineage leading to modern marsupials and placentals.

61 e comparisons among lineages as disparate as marsupials and placentals.

62 itochondria and chloroplasts and in tRNAs of marsupials and rats, (e) a diverse nucleotide substituti

63 In marsupials and the extra-embryonic region of the mouse,

64 nalysed all data together and separately for marsupials and the four taxonomic orders with most speci

65 metatherians (the stem-based clade formed by marsupials and their extinct relatives), or as an outgro

66 They occur in both placental mammals and marsupials and thus are thought to have been present in

67 mammals, but its importance to imprinting in marsupials and, thus, the evolutionary origins of the im

68 ancestral state more closely than most other marsupials and, to some extent, even monotremes.

69 p, with two notable exceptions-metatherians (marsupials) and euarchontans (primates and their close r

70 asiatherian), tenrec (afrotherian), opossum (marsupial), and two non-mammalian tetrapods (anole lizar

71 Xist is not found in metatherians (marsupials), and how X-chromosome inactivation is initia

72 imilar pattern to the wallaby, a diprotodont marsupial, and to eutherian species.

73 ditions, which occurs in many small mammals, marsupials, and birds.

74 or has been identified in several tissues in marsupials, and its expression has been suggested in tis

75 nzyme was found in multiple primate genomes, marsupials, and more distantly related vertebrates, but,

76 lution of the common ancestor of monotremes, marsupials, and placentals.

77 40 Ma) alongside progenitors of other desert marsupials, and thus occupied seasonally dry heterogenou

78 found in acutely encephalitic placental and marsupial animals at a zoo in Germany and in wild yellow

79 mmalian lineages: occurring at least once in marsupials, apes, and cattle, and at least twice in rode

80 Marsupials appear unique by having an additional TCR: mu

81 Marsupials are a distinct lineage of mammals notable for

82 Marsupials are believed to be the only non-primate mamma

83 Marsupials are largely confined to Australasia and to Ce

84 Our results suggest that marsupials are prime sequencing candidates.

85 Our results show that the misconception that marsupials are systematically smaller-brained than place

86 icrobial peptides expanded in the genomes of marsupials-are highly expressed in developing neutrophil

87 anations for reduced female recombination in marsupials as a consequence of the metatherian character

88 try (size-related shape change) reconstructs marsupials as pedomorphic relative to the ancestral ther

89 indings are consistent with reports in other marsupials as well as with studies in a number of euther

90 Our discovery of 24 novel marsupial-associated RNA and DNA viruses, and that viral

91 ever, morphological changes in the uterus of marsupials at term mimic those that occur during implant

92 More distant comparisons (marsupial, avian, amphibian, and fish) failed to identif

93 nodelphis domestica, is consistent with this marsupial being an exception to the pattern.

94 as a prototype species for basic research on marsupial biology.(1)(,)(2) However, in vivo studies of

95 and agnathans, and the first MAGP2 genes in marsupials, birds and teleosts.

96 human sequence and 20 orthologous regions in marsupials, birds, fish, and mammals.

97 Monodelphis domestica, a marsupial born at an extremely immature stage, and rats

98 we report several novel findings concerning marsupial brain development and organization.

99 gh number of nonneurons suggests that in the marsupial brain nonneurons may play a significant role i

100 nd conserved in orthologous locations in the marsupial, but its genome-wide dispersal postdates the d

101 moderately rapid rates, similar to those of marsupials, but large species attained rates comparable

102 It has been observed in mammals and marsupials, but not in birds.

103 from crossed fibres prechiasmatically in the marsupials, but not in the eutherians.

104 In marsupials, by contrast, uncrossed axons never approach

105 France that provide conclusive evidence for marsupial care of brood-offspring.

106 The Tasmanian devil, a marsupial carnivore, is endangered because of the emerge

107 an devil (Sarcophilus harrisii), the largest marsupial carnivore, is endangered due to a transmissibl

108 umber of other mammals including monotremes, marsupials, carnivores, and primates, the anterior parie

109 , as well as more specific clades, including marsupials, carnivores, rodents and nonhuman primates.

110 ing normal, unperturbed mitosis in human and marsupial cells.

111 CENP-B box) shown herein to selectively bind marsupial CENP-B protein.

112 all living placentals, from the metatherian-marsupial clade.

113 d as a broader pattern evident amongst other marsupial clades.

114 Marsupials comprise the sister taxon of eutherians but d

115 tals than they do with Metatheria (including marsupials), constitute Eutheria.

116 ans (Malacostraca: Peracarida), a lineage of marsupial crustaceans, show an interesting variety of br

117 immunoincompetent window period during early marsupial development.

118 The optic chiasm of marsupials differs from that of the eutherian brains tha

119 specific markers that pre-date the eutherian-marsupial divergence.

120 and the molecular estimate for the placental-marsupial divergence.

121 Molecular screening of a marsupial DNA panel indicated that mAAV-EVE1 occurs spec

122 In marsupials, dosage compensation involves silencing of th

123 their focus on gestation, as opposed to the marsupial emphasis on lactation.

124 underwent a major loss of diversity early in marsupial evolution.

125 lopment, between the eutherian mouse and the marsupial fat-tailed dunnart.

126 Therefore there is a much greater demand on marsupial females during post-natal lactation than durin

127 Thus, neither marsupial follows a pattern of coevolution of V(H) and V

128 This is one of the oldest Australian marsupial fossils known from an associated skeleton and

129 cranium and skeleton of a new diprotodontian marsupial from the late Oligocene (~26-25 Ma) Namba Form

130 Except for a large GC decrease in marsupial genes, we found no general decreasing trend in

131 The availability of the first marsupial genome sequence allows investigation of these

132 the sequence composition of centromeres in a marsupial genome that harbors large amounts of centric a

133 nes colocalized with human PAR1 genes in the marsupial genome, confirming that the human PAR1 and PAR

134 he essential imprinting effector, DNMT3L, in marsupial genomes and the demonstration of a differentia

135 that also has endogenous representatives in marsupial genomes.

136 oss a wide range of mammalian (placental and marsupial) genomes suggests an evolutionary conserved re

137 t large-scale comparative analysis involving marsupial genomic sequence and demonstrates that such co

138 kangaroo endogenous retrovirus (KERV) in the marsupial genus Macropus.

139 the possibility of a similar process in the marsupial germ line.

140 As in eutherians, marsupial H19 is maternally expressed and paternal methy

141 A small marsupial has thrown new light on the question of why fe

142 hylogenetic position within australidelphian marsupials has long been debated, and here we provide st

143 pment in eutherians and marsupials, although marsupials have a far more complex milk repertoire that

144 Here, we show that marsupials have an additional TCR (TCRmu) that has V, D,

145 This model is appealing because marsupials have no Xist gene and the marsupial inactive

146 However, no marsupials have yet been examined.

147 Platypus TCRmu differs from its marsupial homolog by requiring two rounds of somatic DNA

148 Marsupials, however, provide interesting immunology prob

149 In marsupials, however, the placental attachment is short-l

150 t with retroelement amplification in several marsupial hybrid genomes.

151 retrotransposons, as shown to be the case in marsupial hybrids.

152 To further understand the marsupial immune system, the Ig repertoire of the short-

153 matory attachment is an ancestral feature of marsupial implantation.

154 es of gene function in the opossum, and thus marsupials in general, lag far behind those of eutherian

155 (KoRV) have been detected in eutherians and marsupials in the Australo-Papuan region, often vertical

156 However, unlike marsupials, in the tree shrew, optic fascicles in the ch

157 because marsupials have no Xist gene and the marsupial inactive X chromosome is epigenetically dissim

158 conserved for >80 My of evolution among all marsupials (including the opossum and the Australian tam

159 sly been detected in a variety of Australian marsupials, including koalas and western barred bandicoo

160 The subclass Theria of Mammalia includes marsupials (infraclass Metatheria) and placentals (infra

161 Marsupials instead achieve brain sizes comparable to pla

162 rted by recent studies, proposes that XCI in marsupials is achieved through inheritance of an already

163 ests that X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in marsupials is characterized by exclusive, but leaky inac

164 t the retina of Monodelphis, a polyprotodont marsupial, is generated in a similar pattern to the wall

165 In contrast to the notion that the marsupial isocortex contains a low density of neurons, w

166 For the large GC decrease in marsupials, it could be mainly due to the great reductio

167 ain size partial correlations differ in that marsupials lack a partial correlation of BMR with brain

168 terial ornithine and lysine cyclodeaminases, marsupial lens proteins and, in man, a thyroid hormone-b

169 ice to match that of dunnarts resulting in a marsupial-like projection fate via the anterior commissu

170 um, whereas the approximately 100- to 130-kg marsupial lion, Thylacoleo carnifex, the world's most sp

171 Marsupial mammal relatives (stem metatherians) from the

172 ian mammals (0.772) is greater than that for marsupial mammals (0.590); (c) among families of birds,

173 trich, emu and zebra finch), early postnatal marsupial mammals (fat-tailed dunnart), and eutherian ma

174 ion predated the separation of placental and marsupial mammals and that differential gene loss and du

175 Marsupial mammals are born in an embryonic state, as com

176 y systematically across the isocortex of the marsupial mammals examined.

177 Placental and marsupial mammals exist in three states of consciousness

178 sociated abdominal muscles of monotremes and marsupial mammals have remained unresolved.

179 hiasmatic architecture between eutherian and marsupial mammals.

180 n two cases, convergent across placental and marsupial mammals.

181 unique phylogenetic position of metatherian (marsupial) mammals and the fundamental biologic characte

182 as been identified in therian (eutherian and marsupial) mammals but not in prototherian (monotreme) m

183 Metatherian (marsupial) mammals diverged from eutherians around 160 m

184 Like eutherians, metatherian (marsupial) mammals have evolved high CpG substitution ra

185 treme) mammals, moderate amounts in pouched (marsupial) mammals, lower amounts in placental mammals,

186 several rodent species, and six metatherian (marsupial) mammals.

187 han previous fires, (ii) herbivory by native marsupials may limit seedling survival in both burned an

188 sex-related sleep reduction in males of two marsupial mice species but not in females.

189 t functions in the visual cycle and that the marsupial mole is blind with degenerate eyes, this findi

190 ic placement of the monito del monte and the marsupial mole remains unclear.

191 However, the marsupial mole sequence contains three frameshift indels

192 Exploring the genome of the southern marsupial mole, we provide insights into its unusual bio

193 Using the marsupial Monodelphis domestica, here we identify Rsx (R

194 in the male germline and female soma of the marsupial Monodelphis domestica.

195 imary visual area, V1, in the South American marsupial Monodelphis domestica.

196 be conserved comparing Homo sapiens with the marsupial, Monodelphis domestica.

197 lineages represented by Homo sapiens and the marsupial, Monodelphis domestica.

198 vores, as well as 37 other taxa representing marsupials, monotremes, and all but two orders of placen

199 ark (a holocephalan), but we find it also in marsupials, monotremes, lizards, turtles, birds, and fis

200 acroura, formerly known as the narrow-footed marsupial mouse.

201 n some lineages, may be a derived feature of marsupial neocortex, or may be a feature particular to m

202 The alpha1,3GT gene is active in marsupials, nonprimate placental mammals, lemurs (prosim

203 clude that Necrolestes is related neither to marsupials nor placentals but is a late-surviving member

204 ted for the same orthologous region in three marsupial (North American opossum, South American opossu

205 Marsupials occupy a diverse range of habitats, which may

206 al mammalian lineages (primates, chiropters, marsupials), one amphibian and one flatworm, the planari

207 The gene identified in the South American marsupial opossum and dubbed syncytin-Opo1 has all of th

208 ofiles for ~20,000 cerebellar cells from the marsupial opossum revealed a shared decrease in CRE cons

209 re conducted in the primitive South American marsupial opossum, Monodelphis domestica.

210 s tropicalis, the monotreme platypus and the marsupial opossum, to gain further insight into possible

211 s in the full spectrum of mammals, including marsupial (opossum) and monotreme (platypus), but not in

212 e, guinea pig, rabbit and armadillo, and one marsupial, opossum.

213 k-billed platypus (Ornithorhyncus anatinus), marsupial opossums (Didelphidae), and New World placenta

214 Our phylogenetic analysis indicates that marsupials or their closest relatives evolved in North A

215 t the syntenic genomic locus in metatherian (marsupial) or prototherian (monotreme) mammals.

216 ation was not present in brains of primates, marsupials, or monotremes.

217 g strategy we previously identified fourteen marsupial- or species-specific microRNAs in the marsupia

218 Although marsupial orthologs of protein-coding exons were easily

219 verage 55% greater than that seen with human-marsupial pairs.

220 The presence of specialized marsupial patterns of tooth replacement and cranial vasc

221 Marsupials, placentals and their close therian relatives

222 de of Laurasian continents, including extant marsupials, placentals and their relatives.

223 As in marsupials, platypus TCRmu is expressed in a form contai

224 Although it has been claimed that marsupials possess a lower density of isocortical neuron

225 a Buzinie amber (France), preserved with its marsupial pouch and content.

226 We show that as marsupial predators in Australia, South America, and Pap

227 In marsupials, pregnancy is relatively short, and although

228 primitive metatherian mammals (relatives of marsupials), previously thought to have become extinct d

229 In total, 24 novel marsupial-related viruses, comprising a sapelovirus, ast

230 million years ago and extends the record of marsupial relatives with skeletal remains by 50 million

231 diversity of color vision systems present in marsupials remains mostly unexplored.

232 Marsupials represent a less constrained condition, demon

233 s the most extensively used, laboratory-bred marsupial resource for basic biologic and biomedical res

234 e orthologous sequence from platypus and the marsupials, respectively; these numbers are distinctly l

235 aterally at an early stage of development in marsupials resulted in normal spatial relationships betw

236 alysis of 54 unique V(H) sequences from this marsupial revealed the presence of two V(H) families in

237 the 57 GenBank sequences and including eight marsupial sequences would allow us to identify regions u

238 ized to the X in all the eutherians, but not marsupial, so it must have been added to the X 80-130 mi

239 n the X chromosome in all species, including marsupials, so it was part of the ancient X.

240 tein analyses presented here in chicken, two marsupials (South American opossum and tammar wallaby),

241 f cortical surface area in three diprotodont marsupial species (two macropodiformes, the red kangaroo

242 e alignable sequences between human and each marsupial species are not completely overlapping (only 8

243 supial- or species-specific microRNAs in the marsupial species Monodelphis domestica.

244 per unit of cortical surface area in several marsupial species overlap with those found in eutherian

245 ation data from two other, distantly related marsupial species, suggests that reduced female recombin

246 sequences from two nocturnal South American marsupial species, the gray short-tailed opossum, Monode

247 ion, we have studied the rod pigments in two marsupial species, the nocturnal and frugivorous bare-ta

248 ne expression changes at attachment in three marsupial species, the tammar wallaby, opossum, and fat-

249 sentative eutherian species and at least one marsupial species.

250 hin the germline of numerous closely related marsupial species.

251 As the first metatherian ('marsupial') species to be sequenced, the opossum provide

252 trate that half of these miRNAs evolved from marsupial-specific transposable elements.

253 2 kb long, that has been found in ruminants, marsupials, squamates, monotremes, and African mammals.

254 3 gene pairs, suggesting that eutherian and marsupial Stratum 2 genes may have been independently re

255 is examination and evidence from a few other marsupial studies provide support for nocturnal trichrom

256 hat mAAV-EVE1 occurs specifically within the marsupial suborder Macropodiformes (present-day kangaroo

257 nstrate that lateral Wnt5a expression in the marsupial sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps) promotes the

258 Comparisons between eutherians and marsupials suggest limited conservation of the molecular

259 The marsupial Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) faces e

260 The extinct marsupial Tasmanian tiger, or thylacine, and the eutheri

261 on lasting beyond the 2 to 4 d seen in other marsupial taxa, which allows us to investigate the role

262 the first genomic scale structural detail of marsupial TCR genes, a lineage of mammals used as models

263 he recent discovery of a unique TCR chain in marsupials, TCRmu, raises questions about its possible r

264 lationship to metatherians (including extant marsupials) than to eutherians (including extant placent

265 The Tasmanian devil is an iconic Australian marsupial that has suffered an 80% population decline du

266 tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica), is a marsupial that is proposed to represent this ancestral s

267 rt-tailed opossum), a nocturnal, terrestrial marsupial that shared its last common ancestor with plac

268 papillomas and carcinomas in the endangered marsupial the western barred bandicoot (Perameles bougai

269 other groups (Rodentia, Cetartiodactyla and marsupials) the relationship was less clear: supported m

270 yogenesis and X chromosome inactivation in a marsupial, the grey short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis do

271 trast, M6P/IGF2R is imprinted in a didelphid marsupial, the opossum, but it strikingly lacks the diff

272 y areas of the neocortex of a South American marsupial, the short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domesti

273 in other species, the lemur, the cat, and a marsupial, the tammar wallaby.

274 s end, we have cloned SF1 from an Australian marsupial, the tammar wallaby.

275 Among marsupials, the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis d

276 Macropodids, the largest extant species of marsupials, the kangaroos and wallabies, have a very dif

277 Although most were marsupials, the list includes the large, flightless mihi

278 has evolved independently in one lineage of marsupials, the macropodids (wallabies and kangaroos), w

279 Among marsupials, the most robust clade includes all orders ex

280 ocortex was investigated in three species of marsupials, the northern quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus), th

281 ether M. domestica is unique or the norm for marsupials, the V(H) and V(L) of an Australian possum, T

282 ut 170 million years ago (i.e., primates and marsupials), therefore implicating these sites as candid

283 Tasmanian devil is an endangered carnivorous marsupial threatened by devil facial tumor disease (DFTD

284 ng epigenomics, transcriptomics and in-pouch marsupial transgenics, we show that Emx2 is a critical u

285 Koalas are an iconic Australian marsupial undergoing precipitous population reduction in

286 the fossil mammaliaform Morganucodon, while marsupials use a versican-rich matrix to stabilise the j

287 Rather, marsupial V(H) and V(L) complexity appears to be evolvin

288 All marsupial V(H) sequences isolated so far form a common c

289 Homo or Trichosurus vulpecula (an Australian marsupial), we show that metatherian X chromosomes have

290 Here we show that some marsupials-which are the closest living relatives to eut

291 Monodelphis is a small pouchless marsupial whose young undergo a protracted period of pos

292 emorphia) are a unique order of Australasian marsupials whose sparse fossil record has been used as p

293 The Australian koala is an iconic marsupial with highly specific dietary requirements dist

294 so we were interested in comparing SF1 of a marsupial with that of eutherians.

295 s articulation varies between monotremes and marsupials, with juvenile monotremes retaining a double

296 the tree shrew, is similar to that found in marsupials, with uncrossed axons confined to lateral reg

297 d at three widely separated sites and in the marsupial wombat.

298 reexamination of the female somatic inactive marsupial X chromosome reveals that it does share common

299 In female marsupials, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is imprinted

300 To study the phenomenon of marsupial XCI more comprehensively, we profiled parent-o

301 In addition to recently reported evidence of marsupial XCI regulation by the noncoding Rsx transcript