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1 ses in the form of hindgut expansion and gut melanization.
2 panied by larger capsules and faster time to melanization.
3 hila melanogaster serpin 27A, a regulator of melanization.
4 ether determine the pattern and intensity of melanization.
5 nocyte material with increased keratinocytic melanization.
6 ted proteins that have a significant role in melanization.
7 tissues contain substrate for C. neoformans melanization.
8 f a single gene can result in a new level of melanization.
9 and their growth in pigeon excreta supported melanization.
10 te, capsule size, proteinase production, and melanization.
11 repair after irradiation enhances UV-induced melanization.
12 e and/or the repair of this damage increases melanization.
13 act as sources of dopamine, a substrate for melanization.
14 biquitous environmental contaminants affects melanization.
15 ggered by appressorium turgor generation and melanization.
16 trol of immune effectors, hematopoiesis, and melanization.
17 how larval photoperiod determines adult wing melanization.
18 ding; its role is to limit infection-induced melanization.
19 host defense systems: the AMP production and melanization.
20 oes, suggesting a specific role for pathogen melanization.
21 reased 12-fold, apparently to interfere with melanization.
22 that a secretory baculoviral P26 suppresses melanization, a prominent insect innate immunity against
23 squito Aedes aegypti, there are two distinct melanization activation pathways carried out by differen
24 ography followed by bioassays indicated that melanization activity was primarily associated with a hi
27 on of the yellow gene, which is required for melanization, among distantly related Drosophila species
30 suppresses defects of gpa1 mutation in both melanization and capsule formation, the phenotypes regul
31 extracellular protease cascades, leading to melanization and clotting, and intracellular signal tran
34 hat is similar to the process used in animal melanization and is consistent with the phylogenetic rel
35 cal specificity in the control of Plasmodium melanization and proves CTL4 as an essential host factor
36 ntia nigra from the LND cases showed reduced melanization and reduced immunoreactivity for tyrosine h
40 lar immunity, and phenoloxidase, involved in melanization, and antibacterial activity for humoral imm
41 butable to polysaccharide capsule formation, melanization, and antibody binding may affect C. neoform
42 ontributions of the capsular polysaccharide, melanization, and antibody binding to the capsule to the
43 mination and appressorium formation, blocked melanization, and caused the formation of abnormal appre
44 d dendrite formation, enhanced melanogenesis/melanization, and cell cycle arrest impact the ability o
45 entified RHOJ involvement in UV response and melanization, and confirmed previously identified roles
51 In Drosophila, the serpin Spn27A regulates melanization apparently by inhibiting the protease that
52 r in association with the lymph gland, while melanizations are located in the gut, salivary gland, an
53 trated by transient OCA2 activity to support melanization at late stages of melanosome maturation, an
54 ation at short photoperiods but no change in melanization at long photoperiods, which is consistent w
55 aring our results to his, we found decreased melanization at short photoperiods but no change in mela
56 quence of alpha-MSH stimulation is increased melanization attributable to induction of pigmentation e
58 knockout, we show that A. gambiae can mount melanization-based refractoriness to the human malaria p
60 elanin synthesis, reversed the inhibition of melanization but did not restore appressorium formation.
61 coagulation, phagocytosis, encapsulation and melanization but not the slow-response induction of anti
62 enes are known to be necessary for cuticular melanization, but the involvement of these genes in mela
65 ts provide strong evidence that cryptococcal melanization can influence the immune response to infect
66 lirin is implicated in the regulation of the melanization cascade in P. argus by inhibiting peptidase
71 nd fungi may therefore trigger two different melanization cascades that use MP1 as a common downstrea
72 eral genes have been shown to play a role in melanization, changes in a single gene - the one encodin
73 To assess the role of the HPS3 protein in melanization, cultured melanocytes developed from HPS-3
77 linkage map, featuring the network of known melanization genes, serves as a resource for melanism re
80 with increased melanocyte proliferation and melanization in both in vitro models and with increase i
83 oformans melanin is negatively charged, (iv) melanization in C. neoformans is associated with an incr
85 cal defenses alone increased the area of gut melanization in larger bees and induced possible compens
98 times during arthropod evolution, indicating melanization is not an indispensable component of wound
99 erial challenge as controls, indicating that melanization is not essential for defense against bacter
100 an essential factor for Plasmodium ookinete melanization, is also required for melanization of bacte
102 tion of the phenoloxidase cascade leading to melanization, nodule formation, and upregulation of anti
103 However, CLIPA8 is not required for wound melanization nor for melanotic pseudotumor formation in
104 ive leucine-rich repeat protein 1] prevented melanization of 7G8 parasites, reverting the refractory
106 ce inhibits pro-phenoloxidase activation and melanization of bacteria in the hemolymph following micr
107 The phenoloxidase (PO) cascade regulates the melanization of blood (hemolymph) in insects and other a
108 ork nor the cellular interactions underlying melanization of C. neoformans have yielded to comprehens
110 mber, Egf1.0, was recently shown to suppress melanization of hemolymph in Manduca sexta in part by in
111 ike protein 8 (TSVP-8) indicated it inhibits melanization of host hemolymph in vitro, while two predi
113 vels of reactive oxygen species, which favor melanization of parasites as well as Sephadex beads.
117 genes affecting catecholamine biosynthesis, melanization of the cuticle, and many additional pleiotr
119 requirement of obligatory catecholamines for melanization of the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neofo
120 to mice infected with C. neoformans delayed melanization of yeast cells in vivo and prolonged averag
121 free radical formation, taken as an index of melanization, of C. neoformans 24067 cells growing in me
122 promote destruction of pathogens by means of melanization or expression of antimicrobial peptides.
123 hat the ability to inhibit the extracellular melanization pathway is limited to P26s with a signal pe
125 w in the pupae exactly foreshadows the adult melanization pattern in the abdomen of both species, sug
126 ith histological alterations and an abnormal melanization pattern of the limb, indicate altered dorsa
127 results show that the establishment of wing melanization patterns in Drosophila depends on the veins
128 ed serine protease inhibitor, suppresses the melanization phenotype induced by mutant CHMP2B in the f
130 servation demonstrates the importance of the melanization process in understanding the stress respons
132 of melanotic tumors, is controlled by tissue melanization protease (CLIPB8), IMP-1, and Serpin-2.
133 ce in mice, capsule size, colony morphology, melanization, protease production, MICs of antifungal dr
135 not survive when incubated with amoebae, but melanization protected these cells against killing by am
136 acts at a distance to raise pH and increase melanization rates for nearby cells, which in turn reduc
137 e factors, with differences in capsule size, melanization, rates of nonlytic expulsion from macrophag
142 whereas incubation of WSSV with an in vitro melanization reaction prior to injection into shrimp sig
144 rge noncovalent complex, which localizes the melanization reaction to the surface of invading microor
145 phenoloxidases (PPOs) are key enzymes of the melanization reaction, which is a prominent defense mech
148 CLIPA14 kd mosquitoes elicited a potent melanization response against Plasmodium berghei ookinet
150 de and indicate that suppression of the host melanization response is functionally important for both
152 ome pathogens are capable of suppressing the melanization response of host insects, but the virulence
155 ders: the Toll pathway, the Imd pathway, the melanization response, and phagocytosis by plasmatocytes
156 n of infection foci-together with the host's melanization response, formed the basis of H. zea's resi
161 CLIP as key activators or suppressors of the melanization responses of Anopheles gambiae to Plasmodiu
165 d catecholamines revealed that C. neoformans melanization simultaneously incorporated more than one c
167 xidase activity, haemocyte concentration and melanization strength), along with foliar chemistry, to
168 ation, we propose a model for C. neoformans' melanization that is similar to the process used in anim
169 elanomas undergo a characteristic decline in melanization that may reflect altered contributions of k
170 the hemocyte-mediated encapsulation and into melanizations that are not encapsulated by hemocytes.
171 otes yellow pigment formation and suppresses melanization, the expression difference and genetic asso
172 nous obligatory catecholamine precursors for melanization to produce isotopically enriched pigment "g
173 zed in the hemocoel, but the contribution of melanization to survival after bacterial infections has
174 olamines found in brain tissue in supporting melanization using animal brain tissue and synthetic cat
177 assays measuring antimicrobial activity and melanization, we identified 27 immunoregulatory CLIPs.
178 ion in these modified bristles reduces their melanization, which changes their structure and causes d
180 agosomal pH and promotes brain invasion, and melanization, which protects against immune cells and an