ライフサイエンスコーパス: mirror neuron

1 experimenter's goal-directed acts (canonical-mirror neurons).

2 the perceiver, these cells have been called mirror neurons.

3 y expressed in striatal-projecting forebrain mirror neurons.

4 endent structural and synaptic plasticity in mirror neurons.

5 comparative research into the development of mirror neurons.

6 imate imitation and the explanatory value of mirror neurons.

7 vides a viable explanation for the origin of mirror neurons.

8 ion of action understanding in relation with mirror neurons.

9 hat is currently known (and not known) about mirror neurons.

10 to functionally interrogate these aggression-mirroring neurons.

11 To examine mirror neuron abnormalities in autism, high-functioning

12 However, it is unclear how mirror neurons acquire their mirror properties -- how th

13 at rely on the notion of direct matching and mirror neuron activation.

14 also a negative association between putative mirror neuron activity and self-reported social-relating

15 thm (8-13 Hz) has been considered to reflect mirror neuron activity because it is attenuated by both

16 equally well, children with autism showed no mirror neuron activity in the inferior frontal gyrus (pa

17 he validity of the mu rhythm as a measure of mirror neuron activity, we used crossmodal pattern class

18 on of primary sensorimotor areas by engaging mirror neuron activity.

19 that the mu rhythm is not a valid measure of mirror neuron activity.

20 it is unclear whether the mu rhythm reflects mirror neuron activity.

21 ori-motor cortex has been suggested to index mirror neurons' activity.

22 Some cells (called mirror neurons) also fire when hand and mouth actions ar

23 influential concepts and theories, including mirror neurons and embodied cognition.

24 sponses is consistent with that predicted by mirror neurons and is evidence of mirror neurons in the

25 a comprehensive understanding of the role of mirror neurons and related hormone modulators, such as o

26 study and should be part of the debate about mirror neurons and the neurological mechanisms of social

27 sensorimotor integration phenomena including mirror neurons and vocal learning, and mechanisms of hor

28 rsus learning accounts of the development of mirror neurons, and instead suggest a more parsimonious

29 between genetic and associative accounts of mirror neurons, and to challenge it with additional poss

30 rning as the underlying mechanism generating mirror neurons, and to the sensorimotor learning as evid

31 s involved in movement perception, including mirror neurons, and, as such, these findings argue again

32 ry intersubjectivity, emotional empathy, and mirror neurons; and it is associated with oxytocin.

33 Interestingly, canonical-mirror neurons appear to code object as target for both

34 Like Cook et al., we suggest that mirror neurons are a fascinating product of cross-modal

35 It is widely believed that mirror neurons are a genetic adaptation for action under

36 Mirror neurons are a part of a system whose function is

37 In contrast, we argue that mirror neurons are forged by domain-general processes of

38 observation-related neuronal responses of F5 mirror neurons are indeed modulated by the value that th

39 ion, and that current evidence suggests that mirror neurons are more specialized than the authors' ac

40 Mirror neurons are single cells found in macaque premoto

41 Canonically, 'mirror neurons' are cells in area F5 of the ventral prem

42 on of autism is associated with a deficit in mirror neuron areas.

43 Mirror neuron-based associative learning may be understo

44 Speech is commonly claimed to relate to mirror neurons because of the alluring surface analogy o

45 ociative learning: Through Hebbian Learning, mirror neurons become dynamic networks that calculate pr

46 charge during observation (facilitation-type mirror neuron), but a substantial number (27 of 65) exhi

47 system, that demonstration of modulation of mirror neurons by associative learning does not imply ab

48 neurons ("wealth of the stimulus"); and (4) mirror neurons can be changed in radical ways by sensori

49 t reliable information about the function of mirror neurons can be obtained only by research based on

50 connectivity defines the types of processes mirror neurons can participate in while allowing for ext

51 Mirror neurons, cells representing an action by self and

52 evious evidence suggested that canonical and mirror neurons could be anatomically segregated in diffe

53 The mirror neuron debate is replete with ideas; what it need

54 Evaluating the origins and functions of mirror neurons depends on integrating investigations of

55 We argue here that if mirror neurons develop purely by associative learning, t

56 cation, we found that at most time points F5 mirror neurons did not encode observed actions with the

57 Mirror neurons discharge with both action observation an

58 evidence supporting this view shows that (1) mirror neurons do not consistently encode action "goals"

59 Cook et al. propose that mirror neurons emerge developmentally through a domain-g

60 e social force of imitation is important for mirror neuron emergence and suggests canalization.

61 ng approach of Cook et al. at explaining why mirror neurons fire or do not fire - even when the stimu

62 inating question: if not imitation, what are mirror neurons for?

63 tern recognition and computational learning, mirror neurons form an interesting multimodal representa

64 A commonly held view of mirror neuron function is that they transform "visual in

65 among parent-infant dyads and in examples of mirror neuron function that involve abnormal motor syste

66 rule out an adaptive or genetic argument for mirror neuron function, and that current evidence sugges

67 gs suggest that during action observation F5 mirror neurons have access to key information needed to

68 Mirror neurons have been proposed to underlie this proce

69 Although such mirror neurons have been thought to have highly congruen

70 Ever since their discovery, mirror neurons have generated much interest and debate.

71 In non-human primates, mirror neurons have only been found in relation to objec

72 These data provide general support for the mirror neuron hypothesis of autism; researchers now must

73 eory of mind deficits in both disorders, and mirror neuron impairments also appear to be shared.

74 mpairments, but there was no indication that mirror neuron impairments in ASD decrease with age.

75 rimates to examine the proposed functions of mirror neurons in action understanding.

76 Mirror neurons in area F5 of the monkey premotor cortex

77 verlook evidence for the reliable develop of mirror neurons in biological and cultural traits evolved

78 Claims to have identified mirror neurons in human cortex have been controversial.

79 ence for the existence of movement-selective mirror neurons in human cortex.

80 s much current debate about the existence of mirror neurons in humans.

81 ence supporting their associative account of mirror neurons in humans: most studies do not address a

82 The activity of mirror neurons in macaque ventral premotor cortex (PMv)

83 tion observation, a property first shown for mirror neurons in monkey premotor cortex.

84 The discovery of audiovisual mirror neurons in monkeys gave rise to the hypothesis th

85 Mirror neurons in premotor cortex exhibit visuomotor pro

86 edicted by mirror neurons and is evidence of mirror neurons in the human IFG.

87 To identify mirror neurons in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) of hu

88 The discovery of "mirror neurons" in area F5 of the ventral premotor corte

89 circuitry also accounts for a sub-class of 'mirror neuron' in motor cortex--whose activity is suppre

90 lopmental neuroscience that the evolution of mirror neurons is most likely driven simultaneously and

91 The intriguing feature of many mirror neurons is that they fire not only when the anima

92 uncovered the key properties of visuo-motor mirror neurons located in monkey premotor cortex and par

93 Mirror neurons, located in the premotor cortex of macaqu

94 Hebbian Learning accounts of mirror neurons make predictions that differ from associa

95 Mirror neurons may play a role in such systems but becom

96 et al.'s attack of the genetic hypothesis of mirror neurons misses its target because the authors mis

97 Mirror neurons (MNs) discharge during action execution a

98 Mirror neurons (MNs) in the inferior parietal lobule and

99 We show that mirror neurons (MNs) of area F5 of the macaque, in addit

100 Mirror Neurons (MNs) respond similarly when primates mak

101 ted the activity of ventral premotor area F5 mirror neurons (MNs) while monkeys observed an experimen

102 be so important that it has been argued that mirror neurons must be a result of selective pressure.

103 an extension of the associative approach of mirror neurons, namely, ideomotor theory.

104 nce is not only driven by the putative human mirror neuron network consisting of the primary motor an

105 to the mirror mechanism the discharge of F5 mirror neurons of a monkey observing another individual

106 Mirror neurons of the primate neocortex represent skille

107 Cook et al. argue that mirror neurons originate from associative learning proce

108 This article argues that mirror neurons originate in sensorimotor associative lea

109 Cook et al. argue that mirror neurons originate in sensorimotor associative lea

110 ociative learning explains the full range of mirror neuron properties; (3) human infants receive enou

111 Based on mirror neurons' properties, viewers are emotionally enga

112 Mirror neurons provide a simple neural mechanism for und

113 Mirror neurons provide important evidence for motor simu

114 If mirror neuron regions are important for action and emoti

115 However, the identity of mirror neurons remains unknown.

116 findings, we propose that during observation mirror neurons represent the process of a goal pursuit f

117 I explore the implications this has for mirror neuron research and the arguments building upon t

118 Strategies inspired by mirror neuron research recently have been used in the tr

119 An associative learning account of mirror neurons should not preclude genetic evolution of

120 We also found that during action execution, mirror neurons showed consistent patterns of co-modulati

121 an alternative perspective on the origin of mirror neurons, stressing the necessity to abandon the d

122 In the final part, we analyze the claim that mirror neurons subserve action understanding by mapping

123 The human mirror neuron system (hMNS) is believed to provide a bas

124 l information suggests that two systems--the mirror neuron system (MNS) and mental state attribution

125 with some research implicating the putative mirror neuron system (MNS) and some a mentalizing system

126 most interesting claims regarding the human mirror neuron system (MNS) is that its activity reflects

127 associated with cigarette use in the frontal mirror neuron system (MNS) of the human brain, as reflec

128 simulation tasks engage the fronto-parietal mirror neuron system (MNS) which includes the inferior f

129 ivated a parietofrontal network known as the mirror neuron system (MNS), whereas subjective desirabil

130 for reward in the general functioning of the mirror neuron system (MNS).

131 e intermodal matching " (AIM) mechanism or a mirror neuron system - that functions from birth to auto

132 cial cognition (potentially underpinned by a mirror neuron system [8, 9]).

133 vious research suggested that EEG markers of mirror neuron system activation may differ, in the norma

134 Mirror neuron system activation was related to symptom s

135 The putative link between mirror neuron system activity and the mu rhythm has been

136 (p < .05), which indicates reduced putative mirror neuron system activity within ventral premotor co

137 hi(1) expressing the inhibition of the human mirror neuron system and phi(2) its enhancement.

138 is that the development of imitation and the mirror neuron system are driven by correlated sensorimot

139 Motor representations in the human mirror neuron system are tuned to respond to specific ob

140 recent study has shown, using fMRI, that the mirror neuron system does not mediate action understandi

141 The authors examined mirror neuron system function in schizophrenia.

142 While numerous theoretical models for the mirror neuron system have been proposed, the computation

143 Recent research suggests a role of the human mirror neuron system in empathic processing.

144 G/MEG activity indicating the existence of a mirror neuron system in humans.

145 These findings support a role for the mirror neuron system in memory formation and possibly hu

146 It has been proposed that the mirror neuron system is instrumental in motor learning.

147 We question the idea that the mirror neuron system is the substrate of social affordan

148 The description of the mirror neuron system provided by Cook et al. is incomple

149 g (n = 9) the inferior frontal gyrus, a core mirror neuron system region, and compared their performa

150 chewing) in others, we hypothesized that the mirror neuron system related to orofacial movements coul

151 lation is a widely used measure of the human mirror neuron system that has been used to make importan

152 depended on (i) structures within the human mirror neuron system thought to be involved in shared se

153 The relation of memes and the mirror neuron system to empathy, sympathy, and cultural

154 Activation in the mirror neuron system was less specific for imitation in

155 Activation in the mirror neuron system was measured during imitative versu

156 ial domain, suggesting that a dysfunctional 'mirror neuron system' may underlie the social deficits o

157 rising the superior temporal sulcus and the 'mirror neuron system', which consists of the posterior i

158 the minds of others, involves the so-called mirror neuron system, a network comprising the inferior

159 t linked to motor learning in regions of the mirror neuron system, and tested the effect of this poly

160 as "automatic imitation" and attributed to a mirror neuron system, but there is little direct evidenc

161 en attributed to increased activation of the mirror neuron system, but there is no neural model to ex

162 eld to be a homologue of the monkey parietal mirror neuron system, is critical for encoding object-re

163 f regions, including those implicated in the mirror neuron system, such as premotor cortex (BA 6) and

164 vert behavioral imitation is mediated by the mirror neuron system, which is somatotopically organized

165 mptoms may arise from dysfunction within the mirror neuron system, while a recent neuroimaging study

166 ental processes are key to understanding the mirror neuron system, yet neglects several bodies of dev

167 to simulate observed actions by activating a mirror neuron system.

168 al descriptions of the world and engaged the mirror neuron system.

169 itable by toddlers with a functioning AIM or mirror neuron system.

170 because of a fundamental dysfunction in the mirror neuron system.

171 erstand the origin and function of the human mirror neuron system.

172 ith neuroanatomical sources within the human mirror neuron system.

173 n observations, and may constitute the human mirror neuron system.

174 t it is linked to disinhibition of the human mirror-neuron system [1-4] and hyper-excitability of cor

175 processing social information, the cortical mirror-neuron system may sometimes adaptively compensate

176 l lobule are both implicated in the cortical mirror-neuron system, which mediates learning of observe

177 l connectivity involving the mentalizing and mirror neuron systems, largely reflecting greater cross

178 responses to food images, cues, and smells; mirror neurons that cause people to imitate the eating b

179 associated with self-conscious emotions, and mirror neurons that have recently been shown to activate

180 Indeed so much has been written about mirror neurons that last year they were referred to, rig

181 h within and between sessions, but other non-mirror neurons that were modulated only during action ex

182 ocial communication, including insights into mirror neurons, the function of auditory feedback, and g

183 l findings typically cited in support of the mirror neuron theory of action understanding, one of the

184 ng to bridge the gap, and the application of mirror neuron theory to a range of problems in psycholog

185 onstrate the additional circuitry needed for mirror neurons to display the range of properties that t

186 ypothesis, if strictly interpreted, requires mirror neurons to exhibit an action tuning that is share

187 Paying more attention to recent work linking mirror neurons to language acquisition and evolution wou

188 s because of the alluring surface analogy of mirror neurons to the Motor Theory of speech perception,

189 arify the precise functional significance of mirror neurons to truly understand their role in the neu

190 xperience to support associative learning of mirror neurons ("wealth of the stimulus"); and (4) mirro

191 Mirror neurons were discovered about 20 years ago in the

192 Mirror neurons were discovered over twenty years ago in

193 Canonical and mirror neurons were often present in the same cortical s

194 Among those are mirror neurons, which link visual and motor representati

195 visuomotor transformation for grasping, and "mirror" neurons, which respond during the observation of