ライフサイエンスコーパス: mixed infection

1 fection (7 P. vivax, 13 P. falciparum, and 1 mixed infection).

2 .3% of the strains had more than one G type (mixed infections).

3 rogeneity) and reinfection (which results in mixed infections).

4 tosis of P. gingivalis was reduced following mixed infection.

5 ctor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels induced by the mixed infection.

6 numbers of AZ(2) than those of SP(6) in the mixed infection.

7 f pandemic H1N1/2009, strongly suggestive of mixed infection.

8 North America, at least 11% of patients had mixed infection.

9 (16%) specimens as short RNA patterns, and 1 mixed infection.

10 the combination of serotypes present during mixed infection.

11 same strain or with a different strain, and mixed infection.

12 the drug-susceptible strain in patients with mixed infection.

13 ibuted 10 cases to reinfection and 1 case to mixed infection.

14 r new mutation, were found after 2 months of mixed infection.

15 ism that might be operative in a scenario of mixed infection.

16 cific killing of bystander bacteria during a mixed infection.

17 amydia trachomatis serovars and detection of mixed infection.

18 ely outcompeted by the wild-type strain in a mixed infection.

19 identification of serial isolates in murine mixed infection.

20 ification of bone loss in the non-capsulated mixed infection.

21 ated a competitive advantage over T. ovis in mixed infection.

22 wer in male-only worm infection than that of mixed infection.

23 nt is less competitive than the wild type in mixed infection.

24 gocytosis, compared with that of heat-killed mixed infection.

25 t of bacterial viability on the virulence of mixed infection.

26 y explain why F. nucleatum is often found in mixed infections.

27 d against one another in vivo in a series of mixed infections.

28 technique can quantify uncommon variants in mixed infections.

29 tory strategies to aid in the recognition of mixed infections.

30 nct strains, are well suited to detection of mixed infections.

31 out-competed the tir tyrosine mutants during mixed infections.

32 colonization of BALB/c-ByJ mice in single or mixed infections.

33 or more derepressed mutants may occur during mixed infections.

34 tional 40 viral infections, of which 11 were mixed infections.

35 , we demonstrate several dramatic effects of mixed infections.

36 exhibits the essential patterns of long-term mixed infections.

37 No cheetahs had mixed infections.

38 a and for studying bacterial dynamics during mixed infections.

39 We also looked for evidence of mixed infections.

40 ciently compete with the wild-type strain in mixed infections.

41 s and is outcompeted by wild-type strains in mixed infections.

42 lity to compete with the wild-type strain in mixed infections.

43 ffers an exceptional advantage for detecting mixed infections.

44 ositive for non-P falciparum, and 32 (1%) as mixed infections.

45 d transmission of both viruses as single and mixed infections.

46 nd 272 (5%) were not typed, inconclusive, or mixed infections.

47 ly associated with diarrhea in children with mixed infections.

48 ent of segments from multiple species during mixed infections.

49 nication that may impact pathogenesis during mixed infections.

50 % of 30 samples classified as IMI, including mixed infections.

51 have fixed variants at resistance sites and mixed infections.

52 arum infections, and 4% were predicted to be mixed infections.

53 t commensals and pathogens in sequential and mixed infections.

54 there is competition between viruses during mixed infections.

55 y associated with diarrhoea in children with mixed infections.

56 es identification and higher sensitivity for mixed infections.

57 to these lineages and 12 (1.4%) represented mixed infections.

58 ections, but different between the clones in mixed infections.

59 Two patients (4%) had mixed infection (1 + 3, 1 + 4).

60 nding risks were 5.4 (95% CI, 5.02-5.80) for mixed infections, 3.73 (95% CI, 3.51-3.97) for Plasmodiu

61 flanking genetic markers from the progeny of mixed infections, a novel selective advantage imparted b

62 enetic markers predominate in the progeny of mixed infections, a phenomenon termed marker exclusion.

63 -only infections, (2) gram-positive-only and mixed infections-adequate GNC, and (3) gram-negative-onl

64 There was no evidence of mixed infections among those classified as reinfections.

65 netic and phenotypic diversity, both through mixed infection and de novo mutation.

66 uses, aggregation increased the frequency of mixed infection and genetic exchange through reassortmen

67 n our inability to exclude the occurrence of mixed infection and template switching during amplificat

68 significantly higher as single infection vs mixed infection and the higher relative density of patho

69 Africa, but not Asia, with both the rate of mixed infection and the level of IBD.

70 o attenuation of bone loss in the capsulated mixed infection and to intensification of bone loss in t

71 Ten samples (28.6%) exhibited a mixed infection and were positive for both Haemophilus a

72 Mixed infections and 'unknown' organisms may be importan

73 We applied rigorous filters to exclude mixed infections and analyzed a data set from 141 isolat

74 ing our understanding of the pathogenesis of mixed infections and in identifying ways to use this bet

75 ram-negative-only infections (n = 9) or with mixed infections and inadequate GNC (n = 4) and all had

76 SP1(33) genotype infection was 3D7, with few mixed infections and no sole FVO infections.

77 Interactions of retroviruses in mixed infections and their effects on disease induction

78 induced by a P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum mixed infection, and also on the local host response usi

79 btypes coinfect the same cells, generating a mixed infection, and then reassort.

80 nt) were due to P. ovale, 3 (3 percent) were mixed infections, and 2 (2 percent) were due to unidenti

81 method identified four previously undetected mixed infections, and a previously undetected transmissi

82 ntly in children, mostly in association with mixed infections, and are recovered mixed with mouth and

83 rgence through local evolution, host shifts, mixed infections, and global spread.

84 single-species infections, 523 (25.8%) were mixed infections, and only 35 (1.7%) were single non-fal

85 tibility and relative fitness in settings of mixed infections, and raise important considerations abo

86 Mixed infections appear to be rare in our setting and ar

87 In hyperendemic settings where mixed infections are common, the Xpert results might nee

88 Mixed infections are infrequently reported, potentially

89 These mixed infections are more likely to result in inappropri

90 Whether particular species or clones within mixed infections are more readily transmitted to mosquit

91 Mixed infections are the rule rather than the exception

92 Moreover, mixed infections are underestimated by routine microscop

93 This study aimed to describe reinfection and mixed infection as underlying mechanisms of changing dru

94 selection resulting from reassortment during mixed infections, better regulation of gene expression,

95 In mixed infection, both IL-1beta and IL-10 levels were aug

96 ial neoplasia was found more frequently with mixed infection by moderate-risk human papillomavirus ty

97 Samples were screened for mixed infections by denaturant gel gradient electrophore

98 Four samples diagnosed as mixed infections by microscopy and single infection by t

99 We propose that these types of mixed infections, by increasing the ability of low fitne

100 r own survival and transmission, evidence of mixed infections call into question the extent to which

101 These results demonstrate that mixed infections can be detected without additional sequ

102 st common causes, gram-negative bacteria and mixed infections can occur in some settings.

103 comparison to the single-species infection, mixed infection caused significantly increased inflammat

104 are explained by the frequent occurrence of mixed infections caused by genetically distant strains.

105 B. pertussis heme system was assessed using mixed infection competition experiments in a mouse model

106 Previous mixed infection competition studies established the impo

107 In this study, using mixed-infection competition experiments in a mouse respi

108 rotavirus strains and the high prevalence of mixed infections confirm trends reported earlier and hel

109 Mixed infections containing Fn and non-capsulated or cap

110 7-5.2619, P = 0.0017, respectively) and with mixed infections containing MG and TV (OR 3.4886; 95% CI

111 452 (22.3%) were mixed infections containing P ovale spp.

112 ammation and dilatation resulting from these mixed infections correlated directly with the amount of

113 a has used a PCR approach and suggested that mixed infection could be common.

114 The lower response to live mixed infection could stem from a mechanism enabling the

115 of Plasmodium falciparum malaria (including mixed infections) declined by 70%; 95% CI [65%, 75%]; p

116 0 (53.4%) had cellulitis, and 82 (15.6%) had mixed infection, defined as at least one abscess lesion

117 The mixed infections dramatically altered the behavior of th

118 luble PT produced by the wild-type strain in mixed infections enhanced respiratory tract colonization

119 vels than those with a pure gram-positive or mixed infection, especially in the late shock group (142

120 of our algorithm with in silico and in vitro mixed infection experiments, and apply it to transmissio

121 hanisms underlying these late-phase effects, mixed-infection experiments with mutant and wild-type vi

122 In mixed-infection experiments, the DeltaCYA strain was sig

123 During mixed-infection experiments, the S. typhimurium invA lpf

124 Interactions among the retroviruses of this mixed infection facilitate disease induction.

125 In the latter mixed infection, Fn evaded phagocytosis, whereas in the

126 The relevance of mixed infections for the patient, clinician, and control

127 tes collected in a population to distinguish mixed infections from clonal heterogeneity.

128 ss-reactivity; the inability to discriminate mixed infections from nonspecific cross-reactivity is on

129 rial sequence data, direct reconstruction of mixed infection haplotypes from current short-read seque

130 olation of bacteria in pure bacterial and/or mixed infection; however, their role in isolating fungus

131 n analysis in 9 of the 11 cases demonstrated mixed infection in 5 cases, reinfection in 3 cases, and

132 tum, response to treatment, and detection of mixed infection in clinical specimens.

133 heterodiploids over wild-type cells during a mixed infection in the mouse abscess model.

134 animal mortality or NF1 dissemination during mixed infection in the NF model, suggesting that the Exo

135 the FilmArray and Luminex panels identified mixed infections in 21.1% and 13.0% of positive prospect

136 1 in other mammals and the low frequency of mixed infections in humans is the inability of type 1 to

137 ever, it is limited in its ability to detect mixed infections in multiplex assay platforms without th

138 We investigated mixed infections in northern Malawi using two lineage-sp

139 resistant C. trachomatis that originated in mixed infections in our experiments and demonstrate gene

140 the natamycin arm (10/173, 5.8%; P = 0.018, mixed infections included), whereas natamycin-treated ca

141 influenza patients we reveal a high level of mixed infection, including diverse lineages of the same

142 However, undetected mixed infections-infection with >/=2 unrelated strains o

143 is OG1RF and TX5179 strains were tested in a mixed-infection (inoculum, approximately 1:1) mouse urin

144 29% to 63% across countries and that 51% of mixed infections involve more than two strains.

145 the pathogenic bacteria are often not known, mixed infections involving both Gram-negative and Gram-p

146 Analysis of mixed infections involving single and double mutant stra

147 Most malaria-endemic regions feature mixed infections involving two or more of these species.

148 The inflammatory response to live mixed infection is attenuated with reduced phagocytosis,

149 In cases where mixed infection is confirmed, the dominant and minor hap

150 hod to distinguish clonal heterogeneity from mixed infections is based on a rather simple rule.

151 A priori, the outcome of mixed infections is hard to predict.

152 tion of each serotype to pathogenesis during mixed infections is not known.

153 Despite this, mixed infections lead to pseudotyping, the association o

154 hat, in some patients with MDR tuberculosis, mixed infection may be responsible for observations attr

155 ize direct clinical samples and can identify mixed infections may contribute significantly to studies

156 ocandin-resistant C. albicans in competitive mixed infection models.

157 = 27.3%, 2a = 7.4%, 2b = 8.3%, 3a = 14%, and mixed infection (more than one subtype) = 3.3%.

158 After enrollment, mixed infections (multiplicity of infection, >1) were on

159 In mixed infections mutant ICP0 is stable, whereas the wild

160 After removing mixed infections (n = 17), 83% of H. pylori strains had

161 robiological analyses, it was found that, in mixed infection, NF1 selectively disseminated to mouse p

162 In mixed infection, none of the cases required liquid media

163 ability to compete with wild-type virus in a mixed infection of 3-day-old ducklings.

164 ion-specific retinal ganglion cells, because mixed infection of a gE deletion mutant and a gI deletio

165 Mixed infection of a gE deletion mutant and a gI deletio

166 trains of Helicobacter pylori during natural mixed infection of a patient in Lithuania.

167 pose that the recombinant virus arose during mixed infection of a single individual in northern China

168 Mixed infection of LLC-PK1 cells with wt RPV and wt CPV

169 r a strain that made only the Tf receptor in mixed infection of male volunteers.

170 CM was developed to identify both single and mixed infection of P. falciparum and Plasmodium vivax.

171 However, a mixed infection of TYLCV with cucumber mosaic virus comp

172 From animals with a mixed infection of viruses that were resistant and sensi

173 We validated this prediction using mixed infections of a wild-type Trpv1 expression vector

174 methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), or mixed infections of CoNS and MRSA, CoNS and MSSA, or non

175 les were probably derived from patients with mixed infections of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and E. intes

176 ave investigated protective immunity against mixed infections of genetically distinct cloned "strains

177 The occurrence of mixed infections of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is no lon

178 l mixing of individuals and the incidence of mixed infections of N. gonorrhoeae.

179 utational tools, rkmh, for analyzing complex mixed infections of related viruses based on sequence da

180 d ITS1-PCR detected DNA involving single and mixed infections of T. congolense, T. brucei, and suspec

181 We show that in mixed infections of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa

182 sortment of BTV gene segments during natural mixed infections of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts.

183 However, subsequently mixed-infections of T. lestoquardi and T. ovis prevailed

184 a sufficient frequency in vivo to result in mixed infections on the mucosal surface of human hosts,

185 During NF1 and NF2 mixed infection, only NF1 disseminated, while NF2 was ra

186 xcluding 107 cases suspected of reinfection, mixed infection or contamination.

187 ble cause of deleterious immune responses to mixed infection or immunization and call for a greater u

188 re a consequence of species diversity due to mixed infections or minor contaminants as measured by UB

189 infections caused by single strains than in mixed infections (P < 0.05), whereas serotype G1 strains

190 Mixed infections (P. falciparum and P. vivax) were ident

191 aded phagocytosis, whereas in the capsulated mixed infection Pg displayed a greater capacity for inva

192 d as 38% BV, 10% AV, 5% Candida, 2% STI, 10% mixed infection (positive targets in multiple panels), a

193 mono-infection or P vivax plus P falciparum mixed infection, presenting between Sept 9, 2021, and Au

194 from a single mosquito, and find evidence of mixed infections propagated over successive infection cy

195 ations based on quantification, including in mixed infections, providing rich and unprecedented measu

196 phagocytosis pattern of F. nucleatum in the mixed infection remained similar to that upon monoinfect

197 epidemiology affects the properties of such mixed infections remains unclear.

198 malariae/Plasmodium knowlesi infection, and mixed infection, respectively.

199 interventions, finding that those related to mixed infections respond quickly (~months) whereas other

200 2 during coinfection, 3D spatial analysis of mixed infections revealed that DspB is required for Aa t

201 ng SNP information sometimes have to discard mixed infection samples as many downstream analyses requ

202 d more DNA from another Entamoeba species in mixed-infection scenarios.

203 For VRQ/ARQ sheep challenged with mixed infections, scrapie-like incubation periods were p

204 In contrast, mixed infections showed a significantly reduced in vitro

205 When the two variants were combined in a mixed infection, SP6 outcompeted AZ2 in the lower genita

206 otein synthesis in the Us9 null mutants, and mixed-infection studies of rats, we conclude that the re

207 serotype G1 strains were found more often in mixed infections than in infections caused by single str

208 ore total viruses either alone or as part of mixed infections than the xTAG RVP, as well as an additi

209 Peri-implantitis represents a heterogeneous mixed infection that includes periodontopathic microorga

210 ositive and gram-negative pathogens or both (mixed infections), the adequacy of gram-negative coverag

211 In mixed infection, the capsule also participates in coaggr

212 in competition with wild-type Yersinia in a mixed infection, the yopJ mutant strain is deficient for

213 In mixed infections, the competitive advantage of a yopM(+)

214 Similar to in vivo mixed infections, the polytropic MuLV genome was extensi

215 In laboratory generated artificial mixed infections, the two platforms could detect the min

216 void suppression by more virulent species in mixed infections, thereby increasing transmission opport

217 cultured M. tuberculosis isolates and found mixed infections to be rare.

218 In mixed infections transcripts for both types were detecte

219 al propagation of cassava, high incidence of mixed infections, unknown alternative hosts, and root sy

220 From MHV-A59/MHV-JHM mixed infection, variant viruses (MHV-H1 and MHV-H2) whi

221 the Pf3k data set, we find that the rate of mixed infection varies from 29% to 63% across countries

222 In mixed infections, virus synergism is proposed to result

223 ates for the first time that for scrapie/BSE mixed infections, VRQ/ARQ sheep with experimental scrapi

224 Prevalence of mixed infection was assessed by random amplified polymor

225 Mixed infection was detected in 3.7% of specimens, and 4

226 Mixed infection was documented in all 15 subjects within

227 A higher proportion of mixed infection was found when biopsies were used.

228 Synergy in the mixed infections was defined as a statistically signific

229 with multiple cytomegalovirus (CMV) strains (mixed infection) was reported in a variety of hosts.

230 Moreover, in mixed infections we predict there to be an interaction b

231 Six cases of relapse and six cases of mixed infection were classified differently by whole-gen

232 Multiple species suggesting mixed infection were isolated from 27 cultures.

233 Progeny virions recovered from mixed infection were passaged in the presence and absenc

234 r likely transmission events associated with mixed infection were selected.

235 six recognized species were identified, and mixed infections were commonly found in this group of pa

236 In addition, mixed infections were detected in three subjects, with c

237 To date, the analyses of plant virus mixed infections were limited to reports of emerging sym

238 Four samples with mixed infections were misdiagnosed by microscopy as sing

239 thermore, some discrepancies in detection of mixed infections were observed and were addressed by rev

240 Mixed infections were present but gave mixed nodules les

241 consisting of different malaria species and mixed infections were used to test the utility of the no

242 ublineages, as well as distinct strains from mixed infections, were differentially distributed throug

243 ad protective effects against LT(+) ETEC and mixed infections when using a toxin-based enteric vaccin

244 llows reassortment of genome segments during mixed infections, which is the major distinguishing feat

245 case of necrotizing fasciitis (NF) caused by mixed infection with 4 Aeromonas hydrophila strains (NF1

246 The frequency of mixed infection with both genotypes in humans is relativ

247 cription of bovine group B rotaviruses (in a mixed infection with bovine coronavirus or singly in fec

248 Mixed infection with capsulated Pg augmented alveolar bo

249 d and were found to be capable of persistent mixed infection with certain H. pylori strains.

250 ts diversification of a founding strain or a mixed infection with distinct strain populations is not

251 Mixed infection with epidermodysplasia verruciformis, cu

252 und to serve as a unique virulence factor in mixed infection with Fn.

253 esponsible for the severity of disease after mixed infection with Fn.

254 apsule as a virulence factor in coaggregated mixed infection with Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn).

255 1.2 %), genotype A in 55 samples (7.7 %) and mixed infection with genotypes A and D in 124 samples (1

256 and passage of both types was achieved as a mixed infection with HPV-40 predominating.

257 ed by HPV16 only (1.5%; 95% CI 1.2-1.8), and mixed infection with HPV18 + other hr-HPV type(s) (1.2%;

258 Determining the nature and frequency of mixed infection with influenza virus is therefore centra

259 urprisingly, there was no evidence that in a mixed infection with its parent, the ompU-defective stra

260 ted alveolar bone loss compared with that of mixed infection with non-capsulated Pg.

261 P. falciparum monoinfection and 1,195 (7.8%) mixed infection with P. falciparum and P. vivax.

262 yzable material [NDM]) on the virulence of a mixed infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusoba

263 se is an important factor in the dynamics of mixed infection with strains that display different path

264 ate the virB mutant from the spleen during a mixed infection with the B. abortus wild type.

265 ial cells and inhibited IP-10 secretion in a mixed infection with the otherwise stimulatory Fusobacte

266 uction in a murine abscess model elicited by mixed infection with the periodontopathogens Fusobacteri

267 This study is the first to report a mixed infection with the same ST.

268 oreover, in a murine model of periodontitis, mixed infection with the two species induces synergistic

269 We have previously shown that mixed infection with two avirulent HSV-1 strains (OD4 an

270 The other 2 children each had mixed infection with two STs, although one ST predominat

271 days apart as the same CDI, 7% of cases had mixed infections with >1 genotype.

272 es, although most dogs (15/25, 60%) harbored mixed infections with additional DTUs including TcII, Tc

273 survives (3D7), the coinfection resulted in mixed infections with both live and encapsulated parasit

274 tal), while uncommon types represented 5.7%, mixed infections with common types represented 14.8%, an

275 annual prevalence of 276 million new cases, mixed infections with different parasite strains are exp

276 Using mixed infections with green fluorescent protein (GFP) an

277 C, and (3) gram-negative-only infections and mixed infections with inadequate GNC.

278 gle tests and was shown to be able to detect mixed infections with no loss in sensitivity.

279 es, and further test the efficacy of SWGA on mixed infections with other Plasmodium spp.

280 omoter patterns but does not protect against mixed infections with otherwise isogenic strains differi

281 s associating respiratory tract biofilms and mixed infections with pneumococcal serotypes of lower vi

282 Mixed infections with seasonal influenza A virus strains

283 2 are partially excluded from the progeny of mixed infections with the related phage T4 (general, or

284 ation of the bladder or kidneys in single or mixed infections with the wild type and CP9Delta hlyA(1)

285 blic health concern, as is the occurrence of mixed infections with triazole-resistant and -susceptibl

286 ther isolates, suggesting the possibility of mixed infections with two divergent isolates.

287 Analysis of mixed infections with two WSMV isolates suggests that ab

288 The deletion was reliably detected in mixed infections with wild-type and hrp2-deleted parasit

289 panel detects a broad range of pathogens and mixed infections with yeast and Gram-negative organisms

290 intramuscular injection site in vivo during mixed infection, with overall reduced mouse mortality.

291 f experimental periodontitis compared with a mixed infection without NDM treatment.

292 mputationally efficient method for detecting mixed infection without the need for resource-intensive