ライフサイエンスコーパス: mule

1 e and were promoted by ectopic expression of Mule.

2 ins of similarity to the mammalian E3 ligase Mule.

3 ds on the MutYH levels that are regulated by Mule.

4 ein levels depend on the amount of expressed Mule.

5 her chances of a gene being acquired by Pack-MULEs.

6 ll the host factors for the transposition of MULEs.

7 er studies of the transposition mechanism of MULEs.

8 ype and account for the majority of the Pack-MULEs.

9 cal to that of a rice Mutator-like element ( MULE-9) and the MDM-2 family has an 8-bp terminus identi

10 The mule, a classic example of hybrid sterility in mammals a

11 hus unveils an important new avenue by which Mule acts as an intestinal tumor suppressor by regulatio

12 nzymes, the failure of cells to downregulate Mule after DNA damage results in deficient DNA repair.

13 Mule also contains a region similar to the Bcl-2 homolog

14 Mule also regulates protein levels of the receptor tyros

15 ts ubiquitylated derivative are modulated by Mule and ARF and siRNA knockdown of Mule leads to accumu

16 und that the kinase GSK3beta, the E3 ligases MULE and betaTrCP, and the deubiquitinase USP9x regulate

17 from reciprocal hybrids of horse and donkey (mule and hinny).

18 genome rearrangement, including domesticated MULE and IS1595-like DDE transposases.

19 The interaction between Mule and Miz1 was promoted by TNFalpha independently of

20 The Ka/Ks values of Pack-MULE and parental gene pairs are lower among Pack-MULEs

21 d evidence of a physical interaction between Mule and phospho-ATM.

22 a critical regulatory mechanism of HDAC2 by Mule and suggest this pathway determines the cellular re

23 d: Welsh Mountain, Scottish Blackface, Welsh Mule and Texel (n = 8 per breed).

24 This highlights the importance of Mule and TRIM26 in maintaining steady state levels of NE

25 ation of Miz1 were inhibited by silencing of Mule and were promoted by ectopic expression of Mule.

26 escribed in sheep, elk, and small numbers of mule and white-tailed deer.

27 ion to detect CWD infections in asymptomatic mule and white-tailed deer.

28 Each muLED and recording site has dimensions similar to a pyr

29 mportance of the conserved W residue in both MULEs and hATs.

30 h a reduction in expression of both the Pack-MULEs and their parental genes.

31 lyubiquitylation, Mcl-1 ubiquitin ligase E3 (Mule) and tripartite motif 26 (TRIM26).

32 ed this model by focusing on Helitrons, Pack-MULEs, and Sirevirus LTR retrotransposons in the maize g

33 sease of Equidae, including horses, donkeys, mules, and zebras, caused by either of two protozoan par

34 s suggests that a significant number of Pack-MULEs are expressed and subjected to purifying selection

35 In addition, Pack-MULEs are frequently associated with small RNAs.

36 Therefore, at least a subset of Pack-MULEs are likely functional and have great potential in

37 About 5% of the Pack-MULEs are represented in collections of complementary DN

38 Terminal inverted repeat MULEs are the predominant MULE type and account for the

39 At least 22% of the Pack-MULEs are transcribed, and 28 Pack-MULEs have direct evi

40 Mutator-like transposable elements (MULEs) are found in many eukaryotic genomes and are espe

41 Mutator-like transposable elements (MULEs) are widespread across fungal, plant and animal sp

42 Mutator-like transposable elements (MULEs) are widespread in plants and are well known for t

43 extract, we purified the E3 ubiquitin ligase Mule (ARF-BP1/HectH9) as an enzyme that can ubiquitylate

44 The E3 ubiquitin ligase Mule/ARF-BP1 plays an important role in the cellular DNA

45 stimulation, the suppression is relieved by Mule/ARF-BP1-mediated Miz1 ubiquitination and subsequent

46 cruitment of the ubiquitin ligase (E3) Huwe1/Mule/ARF-BP1/HectH9/E3Histone/Lasu1 to mitofusin 2, with

47 licon-based microscale light-emitting diode (muLED) array, consisting of up to ninety-six 25 mum-diam

48 inated in vitro and in vivo by the E3 ligase Mule between amino acids 475 and 535.

49 Here we report that TNF activates Mule by inducing the dissociation of Mule from its inhib

50 In addition to genic sequences, rice MULEs capture guanine-cytosine (GC)-rich intergenic sequ

51 MULEs carrying nontransposon sequences have longer termi

52 risingly, mares carrying interspecies hybrid mule conceptuses did not exhibit this transient, pregnan

53 , and in horses carrying interspecies hybrid mule conceptuses.

54 Here, we show in vivo that Mule controls murine intestinal stem and progenitor cell

55 e previously showed that Mule/Huwe1/Arf-BP1 (Mule) controls murine intestinal stem and progenitor cel

56 Comparison of the cellular genes and Pack-MULE counterparts indicates that fragments of genomic DN

57 In our coyote-mule deer (Canis latrans-Odocoileus hemionus) system, le

58 ment data from four populations of migratory mule deer (n = 91).

59 Here we show that asymptomatic CWD-infected mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) excrete CWD prions in th

60 en isolated from North American free-ranging mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) exhibiting mucocutaneous

61 ers by following 16 mother-daughter pairs of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) from each daughter's fir

62 video footage taken from systems deployed on mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in north-central Washing

63 range and arrival to summer range of female mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in northwestern Colorado

64 enology across 99 unique migratory routes of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in western Wyoming, Unit

65 a 10-year duration, we study a population of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in Wyoming that lack rel

66 d that when energy development occurs within mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) migration corridors, mig

67 fat-free body mass; IFFFBMass) of 136 female mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) over 8 years.

68 Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) populations in the weste

69 of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in captive mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) that is attributable to

70 or cervid endogenous gammaretrovirus) in the mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) that is insertionally po

71 In a population of migratory mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), 31% surfed plant phenol

72 lemetry data from 50 cougars, 14 wolves, 142 mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and 90 white-tailed dee

73 California eat primarily black-tailed and/or mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and THg in deer fur fro

74 We used telemetry data from GPS-collared mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), cougars (Puma concolor)

75 ite-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), denoted Tg(DePrP).

76 Mule deer abundance declined by 36% during the developme

77 ttle in the United Kingdom and Europe and in mule deer and elk in parts of the United States has emph

78 is model to chronic wasting disease (CWD) in mule deer and elk populations in the Greater Yellowstone

79 same prion strain caused CWD in the analyzed mule deer and elk.

80 Common mammalian prey species, like mule deer and hares and rabbits (members of the family L

81 Despite increased selection for mule deer and intensified search behaviour by coyotes du

82 specialist species and management plans for mule deer and other large ungulates.

83 For mule deer and other species where migration is informed

84 rt-term studies of 2-3 years have shown that mule deer and other ungulates avoid energy infrastructur

85 behavioral effects of energy development on mule deer are long term and may affect population abunda

86 Impacts to mule deer are of particular concern because some of the

87 on levels appeared to influence selection by mule deer because of variability in crop rotation and su

88 uantified antler size of 11,000 male elk and mule deer born throughout the intermountain western US (

89 Primary cultures derived from uninfected mule deer brain tissue were transformed by transfection

90 nological changes along the migratory route, mule deer closely followed drought-altered green waves d

91 Mule deer consistently avoided energy infrastructure thr

92 ntain proviruses that are closely related to mule deer CrERVgamma in a conserved region of pol; more

93 e show that prairie voles are susceptible to mule deer CWD prions in vivo and that sPMCA amplificatio

94 Our results suggest that mule deer detection probability was influenced by the in

95 the predator mediating foraging hypothesis: mule deer generally selected for burned areas in summer

96 re, on average, 100 CrERVgamma copies in the mule deer genome based on quantitative PCR analysis.

97 reased in areas with greater availability of mule deer habitat: coyotes shifted their behaviour relat

98 ars during development, to determine whether mule deer habituated to natural gas development and if t

99 bal Positioning System collars to monitor 14 mule deer in an agricultural area near public lands in s

100 n exists to understand resource selection of mule deer in response to annual variation in crop rotati

101 arious levels of insertional polymorphism in mule deer individuals.

102 chewan where the CWD prevalence rate in male mule deer is greater than 70%, 75% of the soil samples t

103 e hypothesized that prion transmission among mule deer might also be enhanced in ranges with relative

104 arrival on birthing areas, especially where mule deer migrate over longer distances or for greater d

105 elop step selection functions to examine how mule deer navigated species-specific predation risk acro

106 Mule deer occupying rabbit habitat (Sylvilagus spp.; coy

107 Mule deer Odocoileus hemionus and moose Alces alces exhi

108 pace use and survival of 61 pronghorn and 96 mule deer on a gradient of fence density in Wyoming, USA

109 development on habitat selection patterns of mule deer on their winter range in Colorado.

110 r relative to deer habitat, and the pulse in mule deer parturition and movement of neonatal deer duri

111 arch behaviour by coyotes during the peak in mule deer parturition, mule deer were afforded protectio

112 ance of expanding residential development on mule deer populations, a factor that has received little

113 he open reading frame (ORF) in exon 3 of the mule deer PRNP gene revealed polymorphisms in all 145 sa

114 Analysis of BAC clones containing mule deer PRNP genes revealed a full length functional g

115 rom CWD-positive elk, white-tailed deer, and mule deer produced disease in Tg(ElkPrP) mice between 18

116 production and reclamation efforts underway, mule deer remained >1 km away from well pads.

117 One CrERVgamma provirus was detected in all mule deer sampled but was absent from white-tailed deer,

118 ing changes in exon 3 were identified in the mule deer samples examined.

119 We tested the hypothesis that mule deer select certain crops, and in particular sunflo

120 Mule deer selected areas closer to forest and alfalfa fo

121 Notably, mule deer showed a stronger predicted negative response

122 functional gene alleles from 47 CWD-positive mule deer showed the predominant allele encoded 20D225S

123 Concurrently, we measured abundance of mule deer to indirectly link behavior with demography.

124 es during the peak in mule deer parturition, mule deer were afforded protection from predation via pr

125 first to correlate a demographic response in mule deer with residential and energy development at lar

126 gion of North Dakota (11% prevalence in male mule deer), none of the soils contained prion seeding ac

127 Comparable data have not been derived for mule deer, a species susceptible to the TSE chronic wast

128 and-use change with the demographic rates of mule deer, an iconic species in the western United State

129 prion protein in tissues from sheep, cattle, mule deer, and elk with naturally occurring transmissibl

130 l lymph node samples from white-tailed deer, mule deer, and moose, collected in the field from areas

131 e findings suggest that CWD prions from elk, mule deer, and white-tailed deer can be readily transmit

132 We captured 205 adult female mule deer, equipped them with GPS collars, and observed

133 For mule deer, fence density determined the correlation betw

134 ive cycle of 232 free-ranging, adult, female mule deer, we revealed that nutrition is a critical piec

135 on disease) of North American cervids, i.e., mule deer, white-tailed deer, and elk (wapiti).

136 Therefore, CWD isolates from mule deer, white-tailed deer, and elk were inoculated in

137 ulated with brain tissue from a CWD-infected mule deer.

138 repared from the brainstem of a CWD-affected mule deer.

139 of the PRNP gene in susceptibility to CWD in mule deer.

140 of barrier behaviours for both pronghorn and mule deer.

141 e known to influence habitat use patterns in mule deer.

142 n analysis to identify resources selected by mule deer.

143 hospho-p53, and Brca1 levels were reduced in Mule-deficient B cells and MEFs subjected to genotoxic s

144 ivation was increased by two- to fourfold in Mule-deficient B cells at steady state.

145 Accumulation of HDAC2 in Mule-deficient cells leads to compromised p53 acetylatio

146 p53 protein was increased in resting Mule-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and em

147 (IR), although this occurs specifically in a Mule-dependent manner.

148 hip of cattle; chickens; donkeys, horses, or mules; ducks; goats; sheep; and pigs.

149 ts dissociation from ARF, thereby inhibiting Mule E3 ligase activity and TNF-induced JNK activation a

150 Alternatively, the Pack-MULEs evolve into additional exons at the 5' end of exis

151 Elimination of Mule expression by RNA interference stabilizes Mcl-1 pro

152 ntified what appears to be a legume-specific MULE family that was previously identified only in funga

153 one- and multiphoton optogenetics, implanted muLED/fiber systems, and nanomaterial-mediated transduct

154 The resulting Pack-MULEs form independent, GC-rich transcripts with a negat

155 Pack-MULEs frequently contain fragments from multiple chromos

156 tivates Mule by inducing the dissociation of Mule from its inhibitor ARF.

157 o the MURA protein of Mutator-like elements (MULEs) from Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa)

158 and that the control of Pol lambda levels by Mule has functional consequences for the ability of mamm

159 stand the evolutionary relationships between MULE, hAT and Transib elements and the V(D)J recombinase

160 e their abundance and importance, few active MULEs have been identified.

161 the Pack-MULEs are transcribed, and 28 Pack-MULEs have direct evidence of translation.

162 n 5 piezometers in the pristine catchment of Mule Hole.

163 sites on the HECT domains of Smurf2, Nedd4, Mule/Huwe1, and WWP1, and thus act as specific inhibitor

164 We previously showed that Mule/Huwe1/Arf-BP1 (Mule) controls murine intestinal ste

165 To elucidate the role of Mule in B lymphocyte homeostasis, B cell-specific Mule k

166 Loss of Mule in both MEFs and B cells at steady state resulted i

167 d thereby inhibits the E3 ligase activity of Mule in the steady state.

168 LEs in rice and the widespread occurrence of MULEs in all characterized plant genomes, gene fragment

169 nalysis of the prevalence and nature of Pack-MULEs in an entire genome.

170 TEs, or TIR TEs) capturing sequences as Pack-MULEs in plants.

171 ression and purifying selection on 2809 Pack-MULEs in rice (Oryza sativa), which are derived from 150

172 In this study, we identified all MULEs in rice and examined factors likely important for

173 The abundance of MULEs in rice and the availability of most of the genome

174 Given the abundance of Pack-MULEs in rice and the widespread occurrence of MULEs in

175 ere we report that there are over 3,000 Pack-MULEs in rice containing fragments derived from more tha

176 Maize Helitrons resemble rice Pack-MULEs in their ability to capture genes or gene fragment

177 These chimaeric elements are called Pack-MULEs in this study.

178 We also find that, as Mule inactivation is required for stabilization of base

179 e's influence on oncogenesis by showing that Mule interacts directly with beta-catenin and targets it

180 Mule is a Miz1-associated protein and catalyzes its K48-

181 Thus, Mule is a unique BH3-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase apic

182 It is not known how Mule is activated by TNF.

183 The E3 ubiquitin ligase Mule is often overexpressed in human colorectal cancers,

184 Our data describe a novel mechanism by which Mule is regulated in response to DNA damage and coordina

185 However, how the activity of Mule is regulated in response to DNA damage is currently

186 Here, we report that HECT-domain-containing Mule is the E3 ligase that catalyzes TNFalpha-induced Mi

187 with orthologs among parental genes of Pack-MULEs is observed in rice, maize (Zea mays), and Arabido

188 Mcl-1 ubiquitin ligase E3 (Mule) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets the proapop

189 Like MULEs, Jit resembles Mutator in the length of the elemen

190 in B lymphocyte homeostasis, B cell-specific Mule knockout (BMKO) mice were generated using the Cre-L

191 lated by Mule and ARF and siRNA knockdown of Mule leads to accumulation of Pol beta and increased DNA

192 itored via direct injection of polycistronic MuLE lentiviruses into mouse tissues.

193 ing cultured primary mouse cells with single MuLE lentiviruses, we engineered tumors containing up to

194 indicates that a considerable number of Pack-MULEs likely have been under selective constraint.

195 action with its specific E3 ubiquitin ligase MULE (MCL-1 ubiquitin ligase E3) and specific deubiquiti

196 ECT-domain-containing ubiquitin ligase named Mule (Mcl-1 ubiquitin ligase E3) that is both required a

197 asts lacking a HECT domain ubiquitin ligase, Mule (Mcl-1 ubiquitin ligase E3).

198 n and degradation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Mule (Mcl-1 ubiquitin ligase E3; also known as Huwe1 or

199 , supplemented to sheep (Charolais x Suffolk-Mule (mean weight = 57 +/- 2.9 kg) at two European indus

200 f Pol lambda by Cdk2/cyclinA counteracts its Mule-mediated degradation by promoting recruitment of Po

201 Here, we show that the E3 ligase Mule mediates the degradation of Pol lambda and that the

202 t genomes, gene fragment acquisition by Pack-MULEs might represent an important new mechanism for the

203 We demonstrate that Pack-MULEs modify the 5' end of genes and are at least partia

204 from the soybean genome, resembling the Pack-MULEs (Mutator-like transposable elements) found in maiz

205 Pack-MULEs, nonautonomous Mutator-like elements (MULEs) that

206 These defects in Mule-null cells can be partially reversed by HDACis and

207 ly rescued by lowering the elevated HDAC2 in Mule-null cells to the normal levels as in wild-type cel

208 IBBS is also orders of magnitude faster than MULE, one of the most efficient maximal frequent subgrap

209 One example is Mutator-like elements (MULEs, one type of terminal inverted repeat DNA TEs, or

210 sent minimal-stimulation-artifact (miniSTAR) muLED optoelectrodes that enable effective elimination o

211 we reduced stimulation artifact on miniSTAR muLED optoelectrodes to below 50 muV(pp), much smaller t

212 MiniSTAR muLED optoelectrodes will facilitate functional mapping

213 An siRNA-mediated knockdown of Mule or TRIM26 leads to stabilisation of NEIL1, demonstr

214 group of transposable elements, called Pack-MULEs or transduplicates, is able to duplicate and ampli

215 , we demonstrated that a rice (Oryza sativa) MULE, Os3378, is capable of excising and reinserting in

216 Inhibition of Mule phosphorylation by silencing of the Spleen Tyrosine

217 Furthermore, MutYH and Mule physically interact.

218 Thus, Mule regulates the ATM-p53 axis to maintain B cell homeo

219 study reveals a molecular mechanism by which Mule regulates TNFalpha-induced JNK activation and apopt

220 by which parental genes are captured by Pack-MULEs remains largely unknown.

221 Here we extend our investigation of Mule's influence on oncogenesis by showing that Mule int

222 Pack-MULEs selectively acquire/retain parental sequences thro

223 s were implanted into 8 female adult English Mule sheep.

224 Cells that are unable to downregulate Mule show reduced ability to upregulate p53 levels in re

225 lar a quartet pedigree composed of a fertile mule showed a mosaic of sequences and number of ZF domai

226 Mule specifically targets HDAC2 for ubiquitination and d

227 SP7 deubiquitylation enzyme (USP7S) controls Mule stability by preventing its self-ubiquitylation and

228 Silencing of Mule stabilized Miz1, thereby suppressing TNFalpha-induc

229 n plants, the transposition mechanism of the MULE superfamily was previously unknown.

230 Together, our results demonstrate that the MuLE system provides genetic power for the systematic in

231 performing combinatorial genetics using the MuLE system.

232 describe the multiple lentiviral expression (MuLE) system that allows multiple genetic alterations to

233 and parental gene pairs are lower among Pack-MULEs that are expressed in sense orientations.

234 ack-Mutator-like transposable elements (Pack-MULEs) that carry gene fragments specifically acquire GC

235 -MULEs, nonautonomous Mutator-like elements (MULEs) that carry genic sequence(s), are potentially inv

236 Despite the abundance of Pack-MULEs, the functionality of these duplicates is not clea

237 Despite the abundance of Pack-MULEs, the mechanism by which parental genes are capture

238 2 homology region 3 (BH3) domain that allows Mule to specifically interact with Mcl-1.

239 DBDs of two classes of Mutator-like element (MULE) transposases.

240 al inverted repeat MULEs are the predominant MULE type and account for the majority of the Pack-MULEs

241 ly ubiquitin E3 ligase, Huwe1 (also known as Mule, UreB1, ARF-BP1, Lasu1, and HectH9), and Huwe1 poly

242 Our findings suggest that Mule uses various mechanisms to fine-tune the Wnt pathwa

243 ssment of the selection pressure on the Pack-MULEs using the ratio of nonsynonymous (Ka) and synonymo

244 We created a toolbox of MuLE vectors that constitute a flexible, modular system

245 Intramuscular injection of MuLE viruses expressing oncogenic H-RasG12V together wit

246 Analysis of BMKO mice showed that Mule was essential for B cell development, proliferation

247 roduction of giant bloodlines at a time when mules were essential to the Roman economy and military.

248 In maize, rice and Arabidopsis a few MULEs were shown to carry fragments of cellular genes.

249 biquitylation and proteasomal degradation of Mule, which eventually leads to p53 accumulation.

250 TNF induces tyrosine phosphorylation of Mule, which subsequently dissociates from ARF and become

251 Chimeric Pack-MULEs, which contain gene fragments from multiple genes,

252 after Oryza sativa) found to be rich in Pack-MULEs, with >1000 elements that have captured and amplif