ライフサイエンスコーパス: multicellular organism

1 new units of biological organization (e.g., multicellular organisms).

2 one of best-described transcriptomes of any multicellular organism.

3 ideally involve all cell types present in a multicellular organism.

4 ents present in multiple cell types within a multicellular organism.

5 or small RNA regulatory circuit studies in a multicellular organism.

6 to the correct assembly of tissues within a multicellular organism.

7 stinguish between the numerous cell types of multicellular organism.

8 roup of unicellular amoebae to an integrated multicellular organism.

9 overcome cell damage and to transition to a multicellular organism.

10 specific histone methyltransferase within a multicellular organism.

11 and GATOR2 complexes within the context of a multicellular organism.

12 somatic genomes are in general the same in a multicellular organism.

13 of a cell accumulate over the lifetime of a multicellular organism.

14 wing detailed analysis of gene function in a multicellular organism.

15 form all of the specialized cell types in a multicellular organism.

16 inking distant organ systems into a unified, multicellular organism.

17 lium are critical for health and survival of multicellular organisms.

18 en as an analogy of programmed cell death in multicellular organisms.

19 y been investigated in sexually reproducing, multicellular organisms.

20 ssed proteins in different tissues of living multicellular organisms.

21 on of signaling circuits in intact cells and multicellular organisms.

22 rotein-protein interaction in live cells and multicellular organisms.

23 e double bind that makes aging inevitable in multicellular organisms.

24 ectly led to the emergence of eukaryotic and multicellular organisms.

25 e implementation of this technology in other multicellular organisms.

26 most diverse group of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms.

27 that control patterns of gene expression in multicellular organisms.

28 coordination of cell-fate decision making in multicellular organisms.

29 , but remain technically challenging in live multicellular organisms.

30 cell-surface adhesion receptors essential in multicellular organisms.

31 oblem that remains unresolved, especially in multicellular organisms.

32 gical changes taking place within developing multicellular organisms.

33 govern a multitude of signalling pathways in multicellular organisms.

34 ubcellular resolutions in tissue samples and multicellular organisms.

35 ell polarity is a fundamental feature of all multicellular organisms.

36 sms require a smaller degree of control than multicellular organisms.

37 precise subcellular location of proteins in multicellular organisms.

38 ral role in developmental gene regulation in multicellular organisms.

39 the spreading of morphogens and vesicles in multicellular organisms.

40 epithelial cells is a fundamental process in multicellular organisms.

41 CE occurs during the development of most multicellular organisms.

42 Cell death is a vital process for multicellular organisms.

43 central to the growth and development of all multicellular organisms.

44 e produced as a first line of defense by all multicellular organisms.

45 ntiation is essential for the development of multicellular organisms.

46 ation might contribute to the development of multicellular organisms.

47 acilitate studies of biological processes in multicellular organisms.

48 in studying single molecules or complexes in multicellular organisms.

49 which is essential for proper development of multicellular organisms.

50 tes mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission in multicellular organisms.

51 ng this powerful optogenetic system in other multicellular organisms.

52 ranslation has yet to be determined in other multicellular organisms.

53 as been demonstrated in both unicellular and multicellular organisms.

54 function of complex miRNA families in higher multicellular organisms.

55 key mediators of heritable gene silencing in multicellular organisms.

56 r the mechanical stability of the nucleus in multicellular organisms.

57 re with its extraordinary diversity of large multicellular organisms.

58 ing mechanisms required for the evolution of multicellular organisms.

59 tional consequences, in both unicellular and multicellular organisms.

60 y is fundamental for tissue morphogenesis in multicellular organisms.

61 lications for the development and disease of multicellular organisms.

62 , leading to severe developmental defects in multicellular organisms.

63 ve a riok-3 gene, which is unprecedented for multicellular organisms.

64 nitoring the orientation of cell division in multicellular organisms.

65 tion is part of the developmental process of multicellular organisms.

66 al stimuli are essential for the survival of multicellular organisms.

67 ional heterogeneity are integral features of multicellular organisms.

68 st-translational modification of proteins in multicellular organisms.

69 ia formed eukaryotic cells, and cells formed multicellular organisms.

70 developmental and physiological processes in multicellular organisms.

71 have been described in other microbes and in multicellular organisms.

72 isions are fundamental to the development of multicellular organisms.

73 pment, growth and tumor-free survival in all multicellular organisms.

74 surroundings is critical to the survival of multicellular organisms.

75 pment and maintenance of tissue structure in multicellular organisms.

76 e modifications remains poorly understood in multicellular organisms.

77 of reproductive division of labor within our multicellular organisms.

78 rcellular bridges are a conserved feature of multicellular organisms.

79 established model of dead cell clearance in multicellular organisms.

80 enance of specific cell types and tissues in multicellular organisms.

81 rocess that occurs during the development of multicellular organisms.

82 cycle has been conserved from single cell to multicellular organisms.

83 ositions is essential for the development of multicellular organisms.

84 us, govern the development and physiology of multicellular organisms.

85 istinct cell fates during the development of multicellular organisms.

86 hich compartmentalize the body and organs of multicellular organisms.

87 essential for intercellular communication in multicellular organisms.

88 g cells that has not been seen previously in multicellular organisms.

89 n and cell proliferation underlies growth in multicellular organisms.

90 ssential for coordinating the development of multicellular organisms.

91 y of oxygen is essential for the survival of multicellular organisms.

92 intercellular communication is essential for multicellular organisms.

93 unclear what functional space they occupy in multicellular organisms.

94 logy of tissues and organs in the context of multicellular organisms.

95 Oxygen is essential for the life of most multicellular organisms.

96 ormation in asymmetrically dividing cells in multicellular organisms.

97 d to more precisely define the transition to multicellular organisms.

98 t approach to modeling behavior in primitive multicellular organisms.

99 heterogeneity that directs the functions of multicellular organisms.

100 ues profoundly affect cellular plasticity in multicellular organisms.

101 lls required to mediate complex functions in multicellular organisms.

102 nic tissue to form the complex body plans of multicellular organisms(1).

103 for intracellular Ca(2+) signalling in most multicellular organisms(2).

104 be a fundamental morphogenetic mechanism in multicellular organisms [3-6].

105 th is an essential feature of development in multicellular organisms, a critical driver of degenerati

106 In multicellular organisms, a long-standing question is how

107 ted with greater developmental complexity in multicellular organisms, a pattern taken to an extreme i

108 In multicellular organisms, a stringent control of the tran

109 ns serve pivotal roles in the development of multicellular organisms, acting as structural matrix, ex

110 transcriptional programs required to protect multicellular organisms against infections and to fortif

111 ized patterns is key to the morphogenesis of multicellular organisms, although a comprehensive theory

112 en cells is necessary for development of any multicellular organism and depends on the recognition of

113 fferentiated cells, tissues, and organs in a multicellular organism and, thus, play a crucial role in

114 e essential components of immune defenses of multicellular organisms and are currently in development

115 Cell types are the basic building blocks of multicellular organisms and are extensively diversified

116 r stable target proteins in different living multicellular organisms and cell systems.

117 MicroRNAs are found in most multicellular organisms and even in viruses such as EBV.

118 nt functional role emerged with the earliest multicellular organisms and has been maintained to varyi

119 net would be consistent with the presence of multicellular organisms and high levels of O2 on Earth-l

120 ow this gives rise to rhythmic physiology in multicellular organisms and how environmental signals en

121 cated biological systems, including genomes, multicellular organisms and societies, which took millio

122 ere is a substantial lack of such studies in multicellular organisms and their complex phenotypes suc

123 immune inhibitors.IMPORTANCE Coevolution of multicellular organisms and their natural viruses may le

124 od can be used to control the development of multicellular organisms and to provide insights into the

125 or the correct development and physiology of multicellular organisms and, when misregulated, may lead

126 n accumulation and somatic cell mosaicism in multicellular organisms, and is also implicated as an un

127 r reactive oxygen species in unicellular and multicellular organisms, and is produced extracellularly

128 transport is essential for the growth of all multicellular organisms, and its dysregulation is implic

129 , growth, reproduction, and longevity of all multicellular organisms, and its regulation has been the

130 l fusion is essential for the development of multicellular organisms, and plays a key role in the for

131 re important for bacterial interactions with multicellular organisms, and some are virulence factors

132 mmon in symbiotic relationships with diverse multicellular organisms (animals, plants, fungi) in terr

133 and the evolution of a dedicated germline in multicellular organisms are critical landmarks in eukary

134 Methods for in vivo visualizing ribosomes in multicellular organisms are desirable in mechanistic inv

135 All multicellular organisms are exposed to a diversity of in

136 The genomes of multicellular organisms are extensively folded into 3D c

137 Whereas some multicellular organisms are long-lived, grow through cel

138 Intercellular contacts in multicellular organisms are maintained by membrane recep

139 Early multicellular organisms are mostly extinct and the origi

140 mechanisms underpinning circadian clocks in multicellular organisms are well understood.

141 us retroviruses or persistent infection) and multicellular organisms (as either pathogens or commensa

142 icellular organism, or of a cell type from a multicellular organism, as the collection of cellular co

143 Soluble sugars serve five main purposes in multicellular organisms: as sources of carbon skeletons,

144 How multicellular organisms assess and control their size is

145 recedented insights on metabolic outcomes in multicellular organisms at single-cell resolution.

146 In multicellular organisms, autophagy is induced as an inna

147 ng of normal, aqueous physiology: how does a multicellular organism avoid lethal cellular collapse in

148 in to define specific activities for Maf1 in multicellular organisms beyond the regulation of RNA pol

149 ary dramatically across species and within a multicellular organism, but the nature of scaling events

150 ies are built on models of selection between multicellular organisms, but a full understanding of agi

151 aintains cell identity during development in multicellular organisms by marking repressed genes and c

152 Multicellular organisms can generate and maintain homoge

153 While most cells in multicellular organisms carry the same genetic informati

154 In multicellular organisms, caspases are activated via macr

155 In multicellular organisms, cell death is an essential aspe

156 In multicellular organisms, cellular differences in gene ac

157 narily, the SLED domain emerges in the first multicellular organisms, consistent with the role of Scm

158 Multicellular organisms contain a large number of differ

159 Oxygen-sensing mechanisms of eukaryotic multicellular organisms coordinate hypoxic cellular resp

160 he benefits of balancer chromosomes to other multicellular organisms could significantly accelerate b

161 Selective uptake in multicellular organisms critically requires epithelia wi

162 ange of the Ediacara Biota, fossils of these multicellular organisms demonstrate the advent of mobili

163 Both single and multicellular organisms depend on anti-stress mechanisms

164 However, the fitness of a multicellular organism depends not just on how functiona

165 The development of multicellular organisms depends on correct establishment

166 Cell-cell communication in multicellular organisms depends on the dynamic and rever

167 All multicellular organisms develop through one of two basic

168 Gene ontology analysis revealed multicellular organism development and positive regulati

169 tion and cellular specification required for multicellular organism development.

170 In multicellular organisms different types of tissues have

171 iving RNA to bacteria, yeast and the complex multicellular organism Drosophila melanogaster.

172 In multicellular organisms, duplicated genes can diverge th

173 Multicellular organisms employ a wide range of sensors t

174 Multicellular organisms encounter environmental conditio

175 Complex multicellular organisms evolved on Earth in an oxygen-ri

176 Multicellular organisms evolved via repeated functional

177 rom single-celled yeasts to the most complex multicellular organisms (exceptions include the chromati

178 Multicellular organisms exist in a sea of microbes.

179 time determine what is necessary to build a multicellular organism from a single cell.

180 ry form of cell death that not only protects multicellular organisms from invading pathogenic bacteri

181 Ontogeny describes the emergence of complex multicellular organisms from single totipotent cells.

182 The immune system has evolved to protect multicellular organisms from the attack of a variety of

183 Cell-cell interfaces are found throughout multicellular organisms, from transient interactions bet

184 In multicellular organisms gradient sensing plays an import

185 o wound healing and embryonic development in multicellular organisms, groups of living cells must oft

186 1.0 Ga), the ocean was suboxic to anoxic and multicellular organisms had not yet evolved.

187 embryonic and post-embryonic development of multicellular organisms has generated a universal view o

188 ificant difference is that normal cells in a multicellular organism have evolved in competition betwe

189 onsive transcription factor (TF) networks in multicellular organisms have been limited.

190 Multicellular organisms have co-evolved with complex con

191 Cells in multicellular organisms have distinct identities charact

192 Multicellular organisms have diverse cell types with dis

193 Multicellular organisms have multiple genes encoding cal

194 that reflect the morphology of early, simple multicellular organisms, highlighting the importance of

195 In most multicellular organisms, homeostasis is contingent upon

196 All multicellular organisms host microbial communities in an

197 oding RNAs (lincRNAs) have been described in multicellular organisms, however the origins and functio

198 Applications of optogenetics in multicellular organisms, however, have not been widely r

199 The performance of these methods in multicellular organisms, however, is degraded by sample-

200 bolic homeostasis is key for the survival of multicellular organisms in changing environmental condit

201 Heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria are multicellular organisms in which growth requires the act

202 ates intra- and extra-cellular activities in multicellular organisms, in human corneal fibroblast cul

203 arious types have been identified in diverse multicellular organisms, in which they display profound

204 lation is critical to the development of all multicellular organisms; in plants, stem cell niches res

205 semble into groups, such as endosymbionts or multicellular organisms; in turn, multicellular organism

206 RNAs that have important regulatory roles in multicellular organisms including innate and adaptive im

207 yeast, and mammalian cells, and recently, in multicellular organisms including plants and animals.

208 ton in single cells in culture, tissues, and multicellular organisms including various neurodevelopme

209 cers and suppressors have been identified in multicellular organisms including vertebrates.

210 onary features with other photosynthetic and multicellular organisms, including a carbohydrate-rich c

211 to the development and tissue homeostasis of multicellular organisms, including tissue patterning, pr

212 In the context of multicellular organisms, interrogation of gene function

213 The development of multicellular organisms involves cells to decide their f

214 Loss of complex I in a multicellular organism is unprecedented.

215 e reconstruction of cell lineages in complex multicellular organisms is a central goal of development

216 Programmed cell death (PCD) in multicellular organisms is a vital process in growth, de

217 The biology of multicellular organisms is coordinated across multiple s

218 yond cell cycle regulation in the biology of multicellular organisms is far from complete.

219 Development and homeostasis of multicellular organisms is largely controlled by complex

220 ecification of a unique cellular identity in multicellular organisms is often maintained throughout t

221 Cooperation between cells in multicellular organisms is preserved by an active regula

222 Tissue patterning in multicellular organisms is the output of precise spatio-

223 A fundamental characteristic of multicellular organisms is the specialization of functio

224 A hallmark of multicellular organisms is their ability to maintain phy

225 karyotes, the biological function of Hbs1 in multicellular organisms is yet to be characterized.

226 ork (SIN), analogous to the Hippo pathway of multicellular organisms, is a signaling cascade that tri

227 33 (tmem33), which has no known function in multicellular organisms, is essential to mediate effects

228 o understand complex regulatory processes in multicellular organisms, it is critical to be able to qu

229 des the cellular link between generations of multicellular organisms, its cells entering the meiotic

230 Hundreds of different species colonize multicellular organisms making them "metaorganisms".

231 hematical model shows how the shape of early multicellular organisms may have helped cells evolve spe

232 As regulators of gene expression in multicellular organisms, microRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial

233 adaptive strategy is the first example of a multicellular organism modulating its defenses when it e

234 During development, multicellular organisms must accurately control both tem

235 Like all multicellular organisms, myxobacteria face challenges in

236 During their life, most multicellular organisms naturally accumulate oncogenic p

237 e ancient organelles used by unicellular and multicellular organisms not only for motility but also t

238 The development of a phenotype in a multicellular organism often involves multiple, simultan

239 hanical cues generated during development of multicellular organisms on formation and dissolution of

240 is critical for biological investigation in multicellular organisms or tissues.

241 Transcriptional repression in multicellular organisms orchestrates dynamic and precise

242 To form and maintain organized tissues, multicellular organisms orient their mitotic spindles re

243 Many innovations among multicellular organisms originated in the sea during or

244 The diversity of forms in multicellular organisms originates largely from the spat

245 In multicellular organisms, Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (

246 The transition from unicellular to multicellular organisms poses the question as to when ge

247 or semantic similarity-based clustering, the multicellular organism process branch of the GO biologic

248 Many multicellular organisms produce two cell lineages: germ

249 Effective antiviral protection in multicellular organisms relies on both cell-autonomous a

250 Blood development in multicellular organisms relies on specific tissue microe

251 The development of multicellular organisms relies on the precise regulation

252 Multicellular organisms rely on cell adhesion molecules

253 intracellular signaling in intact cells and multicellular organisms remain limited.

254 l resolution in cellular environments and in multicellular organisms remains challenging.

255 rtion, but the physiological significance in multicellular organisms remains to be resolved.

256 e of cell-size control in the development of multicellular organisms remains unclear.

257 In multicellular organisms, reporter constructs demonstrati

258 Growth of a complex multicellular organism requires coordinated changes in d

259 Understanding cell type identity in a multicellular organism requires the integration of gene

260 Cell differentiation in multicellular organisms requires cells to respond to com

261 Development of multicellular organisms requires coordination of cell di

262 The development of multicellular organisms requires the precisely coordinat

263 Despite the noisy nature of single cells, multicellular organisms robustly generate different cell

264 n plants has identified the first protein in multicellular organisms shown by gene disruption to be e

265 In multicellular organisms, single-fluorophore imaging is o

266 cal and forensic studies of humans and other multicellular organisms.Single-cell genomics can be used

267 In multicellular organisms, some cells specialize in provid

268 mbionts or multicellular organisms; in turn, multicellular organisms sometimes assemble into yet othe

269 In multicellular organisms, specialized functions are deleg

270 All multicellular organisms studied to date have three right

271 enriched in many of the functions unique to multicellular organisms such as cell-cell adhesion, sign

272 ect to this form of regulation in tissues of multicellular organisms such as plants and humans, in th

273 Complex multicellular organisms, such as mammals, express two co

274 In multicellular organisms, temporal and spatial regulation

275 We analyze the lineages of multicellular organisms that successfully differentiate

276 s on model species for an important group of multicellular organisms, the brown algae.

277 In multicellular organisms, the entry into meiosis is a com

278 In multicellular organisms, the PN is regulated at the cell

279 In multicellular organisms, the timing and placement of gen

280 Although widespread among multicellular organisms, there are relatively few docume

281 Although these issues are universal to all multicellular organisms, they can be effectively tackled

282 tation of these same quantitative methods in multicellular organisms to ask how transcriptional regul

283 enables nature to build complex forms, from multicellular organisms to complex animal structures suc

284 highlights the dynamic biologic response of multicellular organisms to deguelin perturbation.

285 unctional specialization of kindlins allowed multicellular organisms to develop additional tissue-spe

286 iological processes, from the development of multicellular organisms to information processing in the

287 thway, from germ-line surveillance in simple multicellular organisms to its pluripotential role in hu

288 tic cells is a striking process that enables multicellular organisms to regenerate organs.

289 els of life, from genomes, complex cells and multicellular organisms to societies and mutualisms betw

290 importance in chromosome segregation and, in multicellular organisms, transcription regulation.

291 All multicellular organisms undergo a decline in tissue and

292 Multicellular organisms use mitogens to regulate cell pr

293 Protein expression in multicellular organisms varies widely across tissues.

294 gulate a plethora of biological processes in multicellular organisms via autocrine, paracrine, and en

295 a Dictyostelium discoideum integrates into a multicellular organism when individual starving cells ag

296 In contrast to multicellular organisms, where GnTII activity is essenti

297 ll-cell interaction, since it also occurs in multicellular organisms, where it has functions in the i

298 In contrast to multicellular organisms, where the GnTI reaction is esse

299 is known about the somatic mutation rate in multicellular organisms, which remains very difficult to

300 the pathogenic roles of genetic mosaicism in multicellular organisms, with a focus on cancer.