ライフサイエンスコーパス: multiplicative

1 scale of the interactions (i.e., additive or multiplicative).

2 bility of energy matching multiple states is multiplicative.

3 smoking was more than additive and close to multiplicative.

4 actions among loci affecting the disease are multiplicative.

5 CKD event rates by predicted risk group were multiplicative.

6 whether CVD and CKD risk group effects were multiplicative.

7 These disparities were additive rather than multiplicative.

8 .84 to 1.71, p(interaction): additive =0.06, multiplicative =0.25).

9 .74 to 1.77, p(interaction): additive=0.004; multiplicative=0.04).

10 quasi-BODE index score was associated with a multiplicative 50% increase in mortality risk (odds rati

11 ve: 95% CI -6.4 to 16.8, P = 0.34; WAZ < -2, multiplicative: 95% CI 0.8 to 1.4, P = 0.50, WAZ < -3, a

12 ve: 95% CI -2.2 to 31.1, P = 0.14; WAZ < -3, multiplicative: 95% CI 0.9 to 1.7, P = 0.26).

13 indeed representative of GI-b, an increased multiplicative ability of GI-b viruses compared to that

14 Specifically, a multiplicative acceleration factor from multiple spin ec

15 both the supply and demand side, due to the multiplicative accumulation of emissions error.

16 Because population growth is multiplicative across time, we introduce metrics that co

17 We tested for multiplicative and additive interactions between smoking

18 Multiplicative and additive interactions were tested.

19 l cortex modulate the tuning of neurons in a multiplicative and additive manner.

20 entration, and fatal prostate cancer on both multiplicative and additive scales (P </= 0.001).

21 indicator and APOE-epsilon4 was assessed on multiplicative and additive scales.

22 rtium (BPC3) to evaluate interactions on the multiplicative and additive scales.

23 The deviations from the median behavior are multiplicative and Gaussian-that is, they are proportion

24 Although the multiplicative and growth-arrested states play key roles

25 ancreatic genetics is complex, linked to the multiplicative and modifying effects of multiple interac

26 erneurons in NL2-deficient mice was due to a multiplicative and uniform downscaling of the amplitude

27 rs have effects that are additive and others multiplicative, and facilitate estimation of relative ex

28 y of models, including generalized additive, multiplicative, and threshold models, provided that dise

29 ith IFNs as per IFN-gamma mimetic to exert a multiplicative antiviral effect at the level of transcri

30 ces in situations where gains and losses are multiplicative, as in returns on assets or growth rates

31 Using this approach, we report a multiplicative attentional modulation of these feature-s

32 d the impact of additive (synergy index) and multiplicative (betainteraction) interactions between ea

33 fies the seemingly incompatible additive and multiplicative bicluster models.

34 se and activity gains, while also inducing a multiplicative boost on neural population activity via e

35 hese retrospective exposure predictions: (1) multiplicative calibration and (2) Bayesian pharmacokine

36 near dissipation and Correlated Additive and Multiplicative (CAM) stochastic noise.

37 Finally, we show that a hierarchical multiplicative cascade method can measure the interactio

38 Alternatively, multiplicative cell growth, and the mixing of lognormal

39 fovea is a constant, miniscule size despite multiplicative changes in eye size through evolution.

40 ) value alone or (iii) an additive or (iv) a multiplicative combination of both.

41 lity with a switching heuristic that forgoes multiplicative combination of priors and likelihoods.

42 is angular threshold computation relies on a multiplicative combination of the object's angular size

43 wing principles of multisensory integration, multiplicative combination of these signals reconstructe

44 used mechanistic models predict additive or multiplicative combined responses, but a systematic geno

45 of accessibility and multiplicative or super-multiplicative combined transcriptional responses, while

46 estimated relative survival and additive and multiplicative comorbidity-hip fracture interactions.

47 alyte concentration from those caused by the multiplicative confounding effects of the sample's physi

48 affine transformation, i.e., an additive and multiplicative constant.

49 s of random variables or equations involving multiplicative convolution products.

50 nite volume growth characterized through the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient

51 Its exponent, -2, is determined by the multiplicative decrease of currents at successive branch

52 is surprisingly uniform: it causes a mainly multiplicative decrease of the visual responses and a sl

53 essing excitatory inputs can act as powerful multiplicative devices even when integration of postsyna

54 ally to produce elevated resistance yielding multiplicative diagnostic markers, co-screening of which

55 the liability for depression, supporting the multiplicative diathesis-stress model for this disease.

56 ts without a bleeding complication (adjusted multiplicative difference, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.52-1.59; P <

57 P < .001) and longer hospital stay (adjusted multiplicative difference, 2.14; 95% CI, 2.06-2.16; P <

58 ally observed pattern becoming optimal under multiplicative discounting.

59 st disadvantaged subpopulation, suggesting a multiplicative effect of adverse life course circumstanc

60 ases in Hg accumulation within CF3 reflect a multiplicative effect of atmospheric deposition of anthr

61 This study examines the multiplicative effect of self-reported tooth loss and ci

62 ential divergence." Here, we test for such a multiplicative effect of sequential divergence in a comm

63 movements, where interval-tuned cells show a multiplicative effect of their activity for longer seque

64 We hypothesized that caffeine has a multiplicative effect on performance during sleep loss.

65 ipartite AcrAB-TolC system that results in a multiplicative effect on resistance.

66 Coexposure to asbestos and smoke had a multiplicative effect on risk compared with single expos

67 In most pyramidal neurons, noise had a multiplicative effect on the steady-state f-I relationsh

68 Gender and obesity were more likely to have multiplicative effect on unilateral VI when combined wit

69 A multiplicative effect was found between tobacco smoke an

70 LOC387715 was best described by independent multiplicative effect without significant interaction in

71 An interaction (multiplicative effect) was present between asthma and ac

72 29,000 [95% CI, $127,900-$130,100]; adjusted multiplicative effect, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.93-2.28; P < .001

73 vs 4.7 days [95% CI, 4.6-4.8 days]; adjusted multiplicative effect, 2.51; 95% CI, 2.35-2.69; P < .001

74 combination of the two mutant alleles had a multiplicative effect.

75 populations, and low GFR appeared to have a multiplicative effect.

76 100 times higher than expected from a simple multiplicative effect.

77 The distribution indicates that multiplicative effects are causally dominant in biologic

78 model, a unique calibration strategy called multiplicative effects correction (MEC) was proposed to

79 surface antigen transgene-this to model the multiplicative effects of aflatoxin exposure and hepatit

80 uingly, we found no evidence for additive or multiplicative effects of ageing and starvation: the onl

81 ortality and losses in carbon stocks) due to multiplicative effects of fine fuel loads on the rate of

82 childhood-persistent asthma have additive or multiplicative effects on airflow obstruction.

83 and is exaggerated by additional genes with multiplicative effects on leaf size.

84 endent mechanisms to produce PTP by exerting multiplicative effects on release rates.

85 opical and subtropical thermocline that have multiplicative effects on respiration rates in low-O(2)

86 med that smoking and asthma have additive or multiplicative effects on the risk for airflow obstructi

87 ibuted on a continuum, neurons with stronger multiplicative effects tended to have less additive modu

88 ssociated with high-level resistance and had multiplicative effects with embB mutations on MICs.

89 r EAC or ESCC were combined and analyzed for multiplicative effects.

90 nction, and mutations in multiple sites have multiplicative effects.

91 The multiplicative enhancement of the frequency shift may ha

92 ble to estimate their density within a small multiplicative error in few steps by measuring their rat

93 und to coexist independently as additive and multiplicative errors.

94 rge and manifests as a frequency-independent multiplicative factor having a 1/f spectrum in living ce

95 d-dose studies, suggesting that the proposed multiplicative factor is a feasible solution.

96 1 year of age having a BLL >/= 5 mug/dL by a multiplicative factor of 1.32 (95% CI, 1.26 to 1.37).

97 rge activation entropies, which contribute a multiplicative factor of many orders of magnitude to the

98 We show that models that combine a multiplicative fitness function, extremely high haplotyp

99 Thus, multiplicative fitness, rapid haplotype discovery, and r

100 ctations of a two-locus selection model with multiplicative fitness.

101 e relative contributions of the additive and multiplicative fluctuations could vary over time and had

102 stroke were similar individually and roughly multiplicative for any combination.

103 ffects of alcohol and smoking were more than multiplicative for cirrhosis (P(interaction) = 0.02) but

104 The necessary and sufficient condition is a multiplicative four-point condition that the variance ma

105 nal detection theory demonstrates that these multiplicative gain changes were sufficient to account f

106 shifts in the input-output relationship into multiplicative gain changes.

107 the vibrissal cortex displayed signatures of multiplicative gain control and enhanced response to vib

108 These data suggest that each IC exerts multiplicative gain control and subtractive shifts over

109 rough a graded and compressive code, and (3) multiplicative gain modulation as a mechanism for inform

110 arity or subtractive synaptic depression and multiplicative gain normalization.

111 ast, which has been described using either a multiplicative gain or a contrast-gain model.

112 One modulation was a context-specific multiplicative gain that affected perturbation, target,

113 Moreover, combining the observed multiplicative gain with a postsensory readout mechanism

114 mprises two sources of shared variability: a multiplicative gain, which uniformly scales each neuron'

115 hmic firing, demonstrating the modulation of multiplicative gain.

116 t can be used with case-parent data to study multiplicative gene-by-environment interaction.

117 tic regression analysis suggested a possible multiplicative gene-environment interaction between rs23

118 None of the multiplicative gene-smoking interactions examined remain

119 icative structural mean model (MSMM) and the multiplicative generalized method of moments (MGMM) esti

120 rted loci showed significant deviations from multiplicative genotypic frequencies, suggesting that di

121 L), with parameters that are consistent with multiplicative growth.

122 c proxies show similar power-law scaling and multiplicative growth.

123 s a useful indicator for tracking COVID-19's multiplicative impact as it reverberates across American

124 Multiplicative inbreeding depression (based on seed germ

125 G2019S kinase domain mutation resulted in a multiplicative increase ( approximately 7-fold) in activ

126 th was state-independent, producing the same multiplicative increase in EPSC amplitude regardless of

127 Spatial attention led to a multiplicative increase in the amplitude of an early sen

128 ptic scaling (upscaling), characterized by a multiplicative increase in the strength of excitatory sy

129 Multiplicative increases in the complexity of this proto

130 erval between observations and incorporating multiplicative inflation, a technique to compensate for

131 iciently short time interval and incorporate multiplicative inflation.

132 ion (P = 2 x 10(-10) and P = 1 x 10(-9)) and multiplicative interaction (P = 0.01 and P = 0.01) were

133 = 1.8 x 10(-3)) and there was a significant multiplicative interaction (P = 0.035) between these two

134 ive interaction, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7; P for multiplicative interaction = .25).

135 lue of 1 for rotavirus-Giardia coinfections (multiplicative interaction = 3.6, 95% confidence interva

136 cedure for testing the null hypothesis of no multiplicative interaction against the alternative hypot

137 ar integration mechanism that approximates a multiplicative interaction among MST inputs.

138 , 0.67, and 4.53, respectively, suggesting a multiplicative interaction between alcohol use and obesi

139 i) within-alternative evaluations, based on multiplicative interaction between amounts and probabili

140 tion against the alternative hypothesis of a multiplicative interaction between an E and at least one

141 There was no multiplicative interaction between APOE-epsilon4 status

142 We aimed to examine the multiplicative interaction between long-term ambient res

143 In this study of U.S. women, we observed no multiplicative interaction between long-term PM2.5 expos

144 gression results indicated that there may be multiplicative interaction between malaria infection at

145 ociation between quantitative traits and the multiplicative interaction between rs1799884 and rs56088

146 ure risk; however, we observed a significant multiplicative interaction between the BMD-GRS and CaD a

147 In the multiplicative interaction model, we found 2 significant

148 physical activity updated every 4 y and the multiplicative interaction of the two on CVD (myocardial

149 nce was found to demonstrate the presence of multiplicative interaction or mediation.

150 However, the test for multiplicative interaction produced a significant result

151 ity, respectively, under the assumption of a multiplicative interaction structure.

152 were assessed using the synergy index and a multiplicative interaction term, respectively.

153 f greatest magnitude among smokers, although multiplicative interaction terms did not support effect

154 (1.06-1.80), respectively, but the suggested multiplicative interaction was not significant.

155 A multiplicative interaction was observed between rs660895

156 nce suggesting more or less than additive or multiplicative interaction was observed for vitamin C or

157 Sequential model building and analysis for multiplicative interaction were performed to evaluate th

158 ion, we found that smoking had a significant multiplicative interaction with SNPs in the combined DNA

159 the normal weight and obese groups (test for multiplicative interaction, P = 0.75; test for additive

160 No statistical evidence suggested a multiplicative interaction.

161 ression and a case-only approach to test for multiplicative interaction.

162 cant additive (SI, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7) and multiplicative interactions (P = .02) were observed for

163 In replication analyses, significant multiplicative interactions (P = 0.04) and additive inte

164 the GSTT1-null polymorphism and smoking and multiplicative interactions (P = 0.05) between HMOX1 and

165 There were no statistically significant multiplicative interactions between current smoking or p

166 mpirical-Bayes estimator to detect potential multiplicative interactions between each of the SNPs [rs

167 ive risks and 95% confidence intervals, with multiplicative interactions between each preterm risk fa

168 We analyzed multiplicative interactions between the SNPs and the ris

169 Of the 170 SNPs tested, multiplicative interactions between well-water arsenic a

170 There were no significant additive or multiplicative interactions for ARMS2 and lifestyle scor

171 lly increase statistical power for detecting multiplicative interactions in case-control studies.

172 Additive and multiplicative interactions in odds ratios were assessed

173 using multivariable-adjusted Cox models and multiplicative interactions of CAC with sex/race were te

174 We tested for multiplicative interactions of physical activity with pr

175 Multiplicative interactions were assessed by including a

176 Additive and multiplicative interactions were assessed using the syne

177 Two-way multiplicative interactions were assessed with separate

178 rses' Health Study cohort (NHS) additive and multiplicative interactions were examined between plasma

179 No multiplicative interactions were observed for protective

180 d investigate whether there were additive or multiplicative interactions.

181 There was no evidence of multiplicative interactions.

182 exponential exposure-response functions and multiplicative interactions.

183 We observed 2 multiplicative interactions: GRSLDL.GRSTriglycerides (be

184 on the diathesis or vulnerability, implying multiplicative interactive effects on the liability scal

185 ion," reinforces an uncritical acceptance of multiplicative joint effect as the biologically meaningf

186 ing was independently related to AMD, with a multiplicative joint effect with genotype on AMD risk.

187 21%, depending on assumptions of additive or multiplicative joint effects and breast cancer incidence

188 When testing against multiplicative joint effects, the case-only design offer

189 , the gap in the band structure of the exact multiplicative Kohn-Sham (KS) potential substantially un

190 vival estimates were calculated by using the multiplicative law of probability after adjustment for a

191 reinforcement learning model endowed with a multiplicative learning rule, but not with an additive r

192 ther, these results demonstrate the power of multiplicative learning rules to account for the full dy

193 dividual samples, will result in significant multiplicative light scattering perturbations.

194 have been proposed to address the effect of multiplicative light scattering, each has associated wit

195 I: 1.10-4.16) for CC homozygotes, assuming a multiplicative (log-additive) model and attributable fra

196 , provided that connections are updated in a multiplicative manner.

197 hand translational cosine tuning curves in a multiplicative manner.

198 average of the effects of interest; standard multiplicative measures, on the other hand, yield a bias

199 nitial eye position in a way suggestive of a multiplicative mechanism (gain field).

200 The Bayesian method outperformed the multiplicative method if a change to bottled water consu

201 On the other hand, the multiplicative method outperformed the Bayesian method i

202 This code depends on a multiplicative mixing of signals about OMA identity and

203 Surprisingly, the multiplicative model could explain a large fraction of t

204 ve of a gene-environment interaction under a multiplicative model for disease odds.

205 er susceptibility SNPs and observed that the multiplicative model had a substantially better goodness

206 Under a multiplicative model of disease causation, the GSRs for

207 not incorporate clustering and that assume a multiplicative model of disease risks.

208 d disease than is expected on the basis of a multiplicative model of interactions and hence may provi

209 A genetic multiplicative model was used for the association of sin

210 RI is the recurrence risk to relatives for a multiplicative model with the same marginal risks.

211 r interactions (defined as departures from a multiplicative model) between mutations in the breast ca

212 gistic regression has served to enshrine the multiplicative model, to the point where many epidemiolo

213 isk models that are closer to the comparable multiplicative model.

214 efined, with no evidence of departure from a multiplicative model.

215 enotypes will be lower than predicted by the multiplicative model.

216 Data were consistent with a multiplicative model.

217 ommutative property, the simple additive and multiplicative models naturally solve the bookkeeping pr

218 nd smoking were performed using additive and multiplicative models of interaction within a logistic r

219 tandard methods (particularly those based on multiplicative models) have been criticized for lacking

220 d short-term exposures separately, have used multiplicative models, and have been associational studi

221 ent factor B (rs4151667) were examined using multiplicative models.

222 tickbreaking is compared to the additive and multiplicative models.

223 ortion explained, based on both additive and multiplicative models.

224 system are simplified as truncated Gaussian multiplicative models.

225 actions between coinfections in additive and multiplicative models.

226 treatment were evaluated under additive and multiplicative models.

227 These conditions include multiplicative modulation by velocity inputs and a path-

228 h-sign selectivity is primarily generated by multiplicative modulations of the response gain of MT ne

229 pression-level traits with both additive and multiplicative multilocus models for the relationship be

230 that in young mice (3 weeks old) in that the multiplicative nature of synaptic scaling is lost.

231 The multiplicative nature of these variables resulted in ind

232 ically high-dimensional and subject to large multiplicative noise and the breakdown of detailed balan

233 nclude both augmented cubic nonlinearity and multiplicative noise, are also capable of capturing the

234 e extended to other SPDEs and other types of multiplicative noise.

235 ere we show how Langevin equations driven by multiplicative noises and incumbent Levy flights arise n

236 Multiplicative noises have not featured prominently in t

237 er, changed fundamentally by the smallest of multiplicative noises.

238 at principle and were tested with the use of multiplicative noninferiority margins of 1.5 (for safety

239 ne only has access to inference related to a multiplicative null.

240 orthonormal basis [Formula: see text] is not multiplicative on [Formula: see text].

241 to examine whether obesity and alcohol were multiplicative or additive in increasing the risk of hep

242 he expected ORs for combined exposures under multiplicative or additive models.

243 ps with no interaction evident on either the multiplicative or additive scale (P > 0.10).

244 An additive model, rather than a multiplicative or contrast-gain model best describes the

245 etween super-additivity of accessibility and multiplicative or super-multiplicative combined transcri

246 viors, but clearly favored both additive and multiplicative outcomes.

247 participants with low gourd and root scores (multiplicative P(interaction) < 0.001; additive P(intera

248 For the risk of seropositive RA, multiplicative (P = 0.01) and additive (AP = 0.62, P < 0

249 For the risk of all RA, multiplicative (P = 0.05) and additive (AP = 0.53, P = 0

250 n) between malaria infection and MUAC on the multiplicative (p = 0.5) or additive scale (p = 0.9).

251 ergy index [SI], 1.08; 95% CI, 0.70-1.67) or multiplicative (Pinteraction=0.94) interactions in the f

252 We also compared additive and multiplicative polygenic risk prediction models using pe

253 Participants' CVD and CKD risk groups had multiplicative predictive effects, with no evidence of a

254 g in complex systems without the recourse to multiplicative, preferential, or self-organized critical

255 nce stems from a combination of additive and multiplicative processes and includes an interference be

256 tant risk of breast cancer is lower than the multiplicative product of the constituent risks, and pla

257 he group and a general aspect of groups with multiplicative properties that are themselves averages o

258 imates using inverse variance weighting with multiplicative random effects and conducted sensitivity

259 or the location of inpatient STEMI to have a multiplicative rather than an additive effect for resour

260 The multiplicative rating scale of the MacDQoL is flawed and

261 o interaction, 5.06; 95% CI, 1.33-11.04) and multiplicative (ratio of RRs, 5.80; 95% CI, 1.20-27.83)

262 We developed a new multiplicative recurrent neural network BMI decoder that

263 te, which includes both the additive and the multiplicative regression models as special cases.

264 rate is related to covariates by additive or multiplicative regression models.

265 ms of SV, HR, and TPR ratios to quantify the multiplicative relation BP=SV.HR.TPR.

266 An additive vs multiplicative relationship between activation energy an

267 Assuming a log-normal model for risks and multiplicative relative risks for SNPs, family history (

268 diction error, and acquired value follow the multiplicative Rescorla-Wagner learning rule, a finding

269 on the logistic model-which approximates the multiplicative risk for rare diseases-have been more wid

270 ed population activity according to a simple multiplicative rule that depended on neuronal orientatio

271 ed by WAZ subgroup on either the additive or multiplicative scale (WAZ < -2, additive: 95% CI -6.4 to

272 ith these factors interact on an additive or multiplicative scale, and to determine whether these int

273 not a modifier ( Pinteraction = 0.8) on the multiplicative scale, serum CRP modified the relationshi

274 On the multiplicative scale, they found departure from the valu

275 ight status was examined on the additive and multiplicative scale.

276 d "synaptic scaling." Deviations from purely multiplicative scaling have been attributed to biologica

277 annot be reproduced by simulation of uniform multiplicative scaling, with or without the distortion c

278 umerical preprocessing includes conventional multiplicative scatter correction coupled with a baselin

279 Additive and multiplicative SE-smoking interactions were examined.

280 d the results are compared with the extended multiplicative signal correction (EMSC) and extended inv

281 g points, and polynomial order, and extended multiplicative signal correction (EMSC) polynomial were

282 sical information were separated by extended multiplicative signal correction and used together to bu

283 esistive voltage signal; iii) application of multiplicative signal correction for systematic effects

284 Multiplicative signal correction removes baseline shifts

285 nge upon addition of homeostatic mechanisms, multiplicative STDP rules or weak external input to the

286 nd that whereas humans and monkeys adopted a multiplicative strategy under risk when probabilities ar

287 The authors show that the multiplicative structural mean model (MSMM) and the mult

288 holesterol and IHD genetic load is more than multiplicative, supporting the hazardous impact on ather

289 local to regional spatial scales, through a multiplicative technique designed to improve mass conser

290 Here we evaluate multiplicative temperature-assisted solute focusing usin

291 e surround during the predistractor epoch is multiplicative: the Fano factor increases more steeply w

292 sed on Hecke operators, we obtain a complete multiplicative theory for s(n) modulo 3.

293 nt local disease control and did not lead to multiplicative toxicities.

294 It is shown below that the dyad and multiplicative triad interactions combine with the clima

295 ted to be 85 gCO2/kWh and 3 gCH4/kWh, with a multiplicative uncertainty factor of 2.

296 on can be effectively solved by an iterative multiplicative updating algorithm.

297 eated game between genes played according to multiplicative weight updates (MWUA), an algorithm known

298 in the brightness percept, consistent with a multiplicative weighting factor located downstream from

299 Finally, an algorithm known as multiplicative weights update (MWU) provides an algorith

300 y a linear transformation, both additive and multiplicative, with a threshold.