1 rofessional tattooing and scarification, and needle sharing.

2 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can transmit through needle sharing.

3 %) were dependent, and 3821 (65.3%) reported needle sharing.

4 e suggests that HHV-8 is transmitted through needle sharing, albeit less efficiently than HBV, HCV, o

5 CASI-assessed IDUs reported similar rates of needle sharing and needle exchange use but a lower frequ

6 ian age was 43 years, 42% reported receptive needle sharing, and 25% reported using IMF.

7  chronic HBV and HCV infection, avoidance of needle sharing, and hepatitis B vaccination.

8 jection of cocaine, more frequent injection, needle sharing, and injection in a shooting galley.

9 onfidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.61), denied needle sharing (AOR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.89), and bee

10 status results in a substantial reduction in needle-sharing behavior.

11 d HCV infection, predominantly the result of needle sharing by injection drug users, therefore appear

12 ersons with HIV infection; and sex partners, needle-sharing contacts, and household contacts of perso

13 e demonstrate that BTV can be transmitted by needle sharing during subcutaneous inoculation, despite

14 ported instances of injection risk behavior (needle sharing) in the past 90 days was 57.5 (SD=134.7).

15 tis B infection (P=.005), and the absence of needle sharing (P=.02).

16 did not differ in the mean number of sex and needle-sharing partners notified: Those tested anonymous

17 ive tools to identify new cases among sex or needle-sharing partners of people with a new HIV diagnos

18 y reported personally notifying 3.85 sex and needle-sharing partners, and those tested confidentially

19 e and can be assisted with notifying sex and needle-sharing partners.

20 D), more lifetime sexual partners (MSM), and needle sharing (PWID).

21                                    Receptive needle sharing was reported by 10 of the 20 case-patient