ライフサイエンスコーパス: negative selection

1 must acquire self-antigen to mediate thymic negative selection.

2 he oldest 20%, consistent with the action of negative selection.

3 cells (DCs) required for effective thymocyte negative selection.

4 horter CDR3s arise independently of positive/negative selection.

5 recombination and simultaneous positive and negative selection.

6 all other cells, including those involved in negative selection.

7 of autoantigens to developing T cells during negative selection.

8 e are associated with disease and experience negative selection.

9 zed by independent substitutions and relaxed negative selection.

10 uilibrium (LD) consistent with the action of negative selection.

11 pecific CD4 T cells in a form of extrathymic negative selection.

12 activation but is ultimately dispensable for negative selection.

13 arly in seed plants and evolved under strong negative selection.

14 s and substantially increases the potency of negative selection.

15 s indicated that these motifs are under weak negative selection.

16 us Nur77 could be similarly regulated during negative selection.

17 for the escape of these T cells from thymic negative selection.

18 by altering the thresholds for positive and negative selection.

19 y also enhanced Nur77 induction, a marker of negative selection.

20 CR) thresholds of signalling strength causes negative selection.

21 ntacts, sustained TCR signals, and efficient negative selection.

22 o be under initially positive, then strongly negative selection.

23 n potential non-B DNA regions a signature of negative selection.

24 that eventually leads to TCR triggering and negative selection.

25 that is selectively activated during B cell-negative selection.

26 esults in enhanced rescue of thymocytes from negative selection.

27 al stages, and its influence on BCR-mediated negative selection.

28 esponses, yet allow cognate T cells to avoid negative selection.

29 0 expression on B cells is critical for this negative selection.

30 sitive selection and mask secondary TCR from negative selection.

31 lphabeta for self-renewal and thymocytes for negative selection.

32 whereas 1 h of signaling was sufficient for negative selection.

33 ent and kept at lower frequencies because of negative selection.

34 op sites of existing uORFs, are under strong negative selection.

35 ive selection and transient peak signals for negative selection.

36 n the thymus to create a window of defective negative selection.

37 are likely damaging and have largely evaded negative selection.

38 lar disorder did not seem to be under strong negative selection.

39 phagy gene abolished direct presentation for negative selection.

40 finity of the TCR is above the threshold for negative selection.

41 f this type, however, have so far focused on negative selection.

42 d that boundaries would display evidence for negative selection.

43 e less polygenic if not for the influence of negative selection.

44 enes, which is consistent with the action of negative selection.

45 etting the signaling threshold for thymocyte negative selection.

46 xpression in the medulla, escaping medullary negative selection.

47 red sequences, possibly allowing escape from negative selection.

48 GC receptor expression resulted in increased negative selection.

49 n in the thymus, indicating an impairment in negative selection.

50 of nonsynonymous mutations are eliminated by negative selection.

51 signaled thymocytes, have been implicated in negative selection.

52 D4(+) T cells, while long dwell times induce negative selection.

53 the TCR repertoire by antagonizing thymocyte negative selection.

54 itive selection, but might also be shaped by negative selection.

55 sis: beta-selection, positive selection, and negative selection.

56 ral, highlighting a near-complete absence of negative selection.

57 15,000 whole-genome sequences, we find that negative selection acting on central guanines of UTR pG4

58 isk alleles, these results indicate that the negative selection acting on individuals affected by sch

59 In addition, we find pervasive negative selection acting on missense and nonsense mutat

60 We find evidence for both positive and negative selection acting upon specific alleles, while i

61 ermine that, overall, the genes under strong negative selection against amino-acid-changing mutations

62 Negative selection against highly self-reactive thymocyt

63 ive breast cancers, and we find evidence for negative selection against homozygous loss of essential

64 notype of MRE/Rpr, coupled with the observed negative selection against Reaper expression, indicates

65 an tumors evolves in the presence of limited negative selection against somatic mutations.

66 f fitness effects but reveals pervasive weak negative selection against synonymous mutations.

67 hysiological HY(cd4) TCR transgenic model of negative selection against ubiquitous self-antigen, we p

68 ductive advantage, offsetting the effects of negative selection among those who are affected.

69 n of the GTPase RRAS2 results in exacerbated negative selection and above-normal expression of positi

70 utoreactive thymocytes first escape cortical negative selection and acquire a Th1-like-phenotype.

71 blishment, which is constituted by thymocyte negative selection and cluster of differentiation (CD) 4

72 ved LXRalphabeta limits cell disposal during negative selection and confers heightened sensitivity to

73 l cells (mTEC) regulate T cell tolerance via negative selection and Foxp3(+) regulatory T cell (Treg)

74 he medulla to balance T cell production with negative selection and Foxp3(+) regulatory T cell (Treg)

75 c epithelial cell (mTEC) networks to support negative selection and Foxp3(+) T-regulatory cell (T-reg

76 d the size of the mTEC compartment, enhanced negative selection and functional maturation of medullar

77 and MHCII-restricted thymocytes to initiate negative selection and generate self-tolerance.

78 but constitute the primary drivers of thymic negative selection and iIEL lineage differentiation.

79 f autoreactive CD4(+)Foxp3(-) T cells escape negative selection and in the periphery require continuo

80 ngaged negative feedback mechanisms by which negative selection and inhibitory receptors restrain TCR

81 Thus, a temporal switch in negative selection and ligand binding kinetics constrain

82 taining the appropriate microenvironment for negative selection and maturation of immunocompetent T c

83 ipper transcription factor 2 (BACH2) induces negative selection and opposes BCL6 function prior to th

84 iabetic NOD mice have defects in both thymic negative selection and peripheral regulation of autoreac

85 ar receptor NCoR1 suppresses Bim1 to inhibit negative selection and promote thymocyte survival.

86 0L costimulatory interactions, which mediate negative selection and self-tolerance, upregulate expres

87 They are expected to experience negative selection and stay intact under pressure of inc

88 possible for a resistant strain to be under negative selection and still emerge in an infection or s

89 These findings exemplify how negative selection and subtle enzyme changes can lead to

90 the process of regulatory T (Treg) cell and negative selection and the importance of TCR signaling.

91 , perturbation of apoptosis will affect both negative selection and Treg development.

92 ions resulting in protein truncation undergo negative selection and were almost exclusively heteropla

93 Many of the 8F10 CD4(+) T cells escaped negative selection and were highly pathogenic.

94 itates MHC class II-restricted presentation, negative selection, and increased Treg cells, resulting

95 active CD8 T cells (CTLs) escape from thymic negative selection, and peripheral tolerance mechanisms

96 u, we demonstrate that phagocytosis promotes negative selection, and provide evidence for the escape

97 effect combined with slower-acting standard negative selection, and rare functional resistant allele

98 However, insulin-reactive T cells escape negative selection, and subsequent activation of the CD8

99 increased tree length and signs of increased negative selection, apparent in the repertoires of recen

100 frequency spectrum of somatic variants under negative selection appears more neutral as the strength

101 cell maturation, although both positive and negative selection are unaltered.

102 Rather, positive and negative selections are enabled solely by suicide vector

103 he amino acid composition of IDRs experience negative selection as the protein concentration increase

104 nts of positive selection and, unexpectedly, negative selection as well.

105 actors that influence the efficacy of thymic negative selection, as well as the kinetics of thymic ou

106 ings identify BACH2 as a crucial mediator of negative selection at the pre-B cell receptor checkpoint

107 parable Nur77 induction in thymocytes during negative selection, Bim deficiency resulted in an accumu

108 esulted in graded reductions in positive and negative selection but did not decrease the cumulative T

109 ity (positive selection) or for specificity (negative selection), but not both simultaneously.

110 this decline mainly results from defects in negative selection, but there is insufficient evidence r

111 ied thymus attempts to balance the defective negative selection by enhancing tTreg cell generation to

112 protects positively selected thymocytes from negative selection by suppressing Bim expression.

113 From this viewpoint, positive and negative selection can be understood as mechanisms to ma

114 We also show that the magnitude of negative selection can be used to infer the functional i

115 Negative selection can cause rare variants to have large

116 7 deficiency alone did not alter positive or negative selection, combined deficiency in Bim and Nur77

117 orter antigen dwell time (0.2 s) to initiate negative selection compared to MHCI-restricted TCRs (0.9

118 ved significant results in both positive and negative selection conditions and outperformed existing

119 tion landscape through multiple positive and negative selection criteria.

120 ies suggest that the molecular mechanisms of negative selection differ depending on the thymic compar

121 miscuous TCRbeta sequences that likely evade negative selection, due to their low affinity for self-l

122 le for expressing other bnAbs that are under negative selection during B cell development.

123 cies evolution, positive selection outweighs negative selection during cancer development.

124 Strong negative selection during evolution, yielding high conse

125 B cell intrinsic switch between positive and negative selection during ontogeny is determined by a ch

126 tigen-binding loops, which are usually under negative selection during primary B cell development.

127 s and mandarins), has been under positive or negative selection during the breeding process of new sp

128 We also found evidence for negative selection during transmission against novel het

129 greater mortality-driven biomass loss, i.e. negative selection effects, suggesting successional nich

130 A failure of negative selection, facilitated by decreased expression

131 rpl42+ cassette can be used for positive and negative selection for integration at a targeted locus.

132 t of 17 MSY genes, most being constrained by negative selection for nearly 100 million years.

133 l-SELEX with positive selection for TICs and negative selection for non-TICs and human neural progeni

134 that produce oncogenic metabolites, there is negative selection for pathogenic mitochondrial genome m

135 cells that are pre-screened by positive and negative selection for the ability to be 'moderately' pe

136 via CD19 surface retention, whereas limiting negative selection from excessive BCR engagement.

137 However, detection of negative selection has been notoriously difficult, partl

138 age-dependent associations might explain why negative selection has not removed variants causally ass

139 rare variants that arose recently, and that negative selection has shaped the relationship between v

140 lection via adhesion can be transformed into negative selection if the host secretes large quantities

141 to explore the complexity of positive versus negative selection in B cells.

142 ansgenic mice demonstrated an altered thymic negative selection in FAT10-deficient mice.

143 the demonstration of functional intrathymic negative selection in I-A(12%) mice, transfer of I-A(12%

144 ecovery from inactivation is associated with negative selection in mammals.

145 introgressed Neandertal DNA was subjected to negative selection in modern humans.

146 The negative selection in OA group has influenced the worse

147 raction of self-reactive T cells that escape negative selection in response to agonist-driven TCR sig

148 ymic slice model in which thymocytes undergo negative selection in situ, we demonstrate that phagocyt

149 ons that cause TAD fusion are rare and under negative selection in the general population.

150 that have become uncoupled from positive and negative selection in the germinal center.

151 ficiency in IL-23 signalling interferes with negative selection in the male D(b)/H-Y T-cell receptor

152 ndividual's limited TCR repertoire following negative selection in the thymus is able to recognize a

153 utoreactive thymocytes are eliminated during negative selection in the thymus, a process important fo

154 During negative selection in the thymus, thymocytes with autore

155 of naive BCR-ABL-specific T cells was due to negative selection in the thymus, which depleted BCR-ABL

156 une T cell development and their escape from negative selection in the thymus.

157 In addition, iNKT cells that avoid negative selection in these mice express natural sequenc

158 lection, their development is also shaped by negative selection in vivo.

159 Our findings support a model for negative selection in which the death process initiated

160 unction of NCoR1 in coordinated positive and negative selections in the thymus.Thymocytes are screene

161 bled us to identify mutations that underwent negative selection, in addition to mutations that experi

162 ic dendritic cells play an important role in negative selection, in line with their ability to induce

163 ral effects to a unique role in TCR-mediated negative selection including elimination of natural T re

164 term persistence of individual HCV variants, negative selection increase, and complex dynamics of vir

165 tion appears more neutral as the strength of negative selection increases, which is consistent with c

166 erlaps with the DP(lo) population undergoing negative selection, indicating that, concomitant with th

167 thought to involve peripheral tolerance and negative selection, involving apoptosis of autoreactive

168 These data provide strong evidence that negative selection is crucial for establishing T cell to

169 evidence of ongoing positive selection, and negative selection is detectable only in essential genes

170 T cells effectively, especially when thymic negative selection is genetically impaired.

171 However, negative selection is imperfect, and autoreactive T cell

172 r, evidence supporting an essential role for negative selection is limited.

173 We also show that negative selection is more efficient when the phagocyte

174 wide range of model parameters and find that negative selection is not expected to cause a significan

175 Negative selection is one of the primary mechanisms that

176 tor beta (TGF-beta) signaling in thymocytes, negative selection is significantly impaired.

177 that may escape detection because CD16-based negative selection is the standard procedure for the iso

178 The signal of negative selection is very subtle, but is detectable in

179 G/I-A(b) tetramers, suggesting that enhanced negative selection leads to selection of TCRs with lower

180 ry members, as well as allowing positive and negative selection logics using basally active promoters

181 Other versions incorporate positive and negative selection markers that enable drug-based enrich

182 n how changes in the balance of positive and negative selection may be able to adapt to meet the immu

183 sociated with European colonization, whereby negative selection may have acted on the same gene after

184 Although negative selection mechanisms including deletion, anergy

185 We have developed a rapid negative selection method to enrich rare mononuclear cel

186 e nuclear receptor Nur77, also implicated in negative selection, might function redundantly to promot

187 The negative selection module of PIC&RUN identifies CTCs bas

188 ytes that successfully complete positive and negative selection must still undergo one final step, ge

189 Despite negative selection, mycobacteria diversified within indi

190 There was no evidence of negative selection observed for synonymous, non-synonymo

191 hymocytes can support surprisingly efficient negative selection of Ag-specific thymocytes.

192 The transgenic lines support negative selection of antigen-specific thymocytes depend

193 r (AIRE) protein is the key factor in thymic negative selection of autoreactive T cells by promoting

194 versed autoimmunity and reestablished thymic negative selection of autoreactive T cells in NOD mice,

195 ole in central immune tolerance by mediating negative selection of autoreactive T cells through the c

196 of CD40, and that reciprocally functions in negative selection of autoreactive T cells.

197 herwise tissue-restricted Ag genes to enable negative selection of autoreactive T cells.

198 that MHC-mismatched mixed chimerism mediates negative selection of autoreactive thymocytes in wild-ty

199 ated TG2 are absent from the response due to negative selection of B cells recognizing membrane-bound

200 Negative selection of crossreactive TCRs led to clonal d

201 Ag-mediated negative selection of developing chicken B cells can the

202 epithelial cells (mTECs) and, consequently, negative selection of effector T cells and positive sele

203 ses reveal substantial gene loss and intense negative selection of genes and promoters during tomato

204 ive selection of tyrosines and glycines, and negative selection of leucines.

205 The positive and negative selection of lymphocytes by antigen is central

206 II TCR transgenic mice resulted in increased negative selection of OTII(+) thymocytes and in increase

207 al tolerance, CCR4 is involved in regulating negative selection of polyclonal and T cell receptor (TC

208 Although the negative selection of self-reactive B cells in the bone

209 It once seemed clear that negative selection of self-specific T cells in the thymu

210 PKCdelta is essential for antigen-dependent negative selection of splenic transitional B cells and i

211 Thymic B cells can mediate negative selection of superantigen-specific, self-reacti

212 plicated in presentation of autoantigens for negative selection of T cell progenitors.

213 es have shown that this results in defective negative selection of T cells and defective early seedin

214 ithelial cells, which play a pivotal role in negative selection of T cells.

215 marker known to diverge during positive and negative selection of thymocytes and reveal the extent,

216 T cells in the periphery depends on positive/negative selection of thymocytes and thus on the dynamic

217 mphocyte activation and promote positive and negative selection of thymocytes, T lymphocyte migration

218 We found that GILT enhanced the negative selection of TRP1-specific thymocytes in mice.

219 al dimorphism is unknown, but it may reflect negative selection of Y chromosome-bearing sperm during

220 ed for efficient positive selection, but not negative selection, of thymocytes.

221 The precise impact of thymic positive and negative selection on the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoi

222 nfitness genes, can provide new positive and negative selection options to intractable weed problems.

223 activity of T cells that have escaped thymic negative selection or peripheral inactivation.

224 nated through TCR-agonist-induced apoptosis (negative selection) or restrained by regulatory T (Treg)

225 ith their considerably high powers to detect negative selection, our new neutrality tests may open ne

226 s suggests that B cell lineages shift toward negative selection over time as a general feature of aff

227 The eQTLs are predominantly under negative selection, particularly those affecting essenti

228 y the same agonist self-antigens that induce negative selection, perturbation of apoptosis will affec

229 In conclusion, a negative selection plus flow cytometry protocol efficien

230 How negative selection, positive selection, and population s

231 Minimotifs are generally under negative selection, possessing high genomic evolutionary

232 dependence on dietary choline would be under negative selection pressure in settings where choline in

233 having fewer children and are under stronger negative selection pressure than common sequence variant

234 These mutations are expected to be under negative selection pressure, but the extent of the resul

235 ations in autism genes would be under strong negative selection pressure.

236 Negative selection, primarily mediated through clonal de

237 This negative selection process relies on the strength of TCR

238 nd Foxp3(lo) T(reg)P cells arose by coopting negative-selection programs and positive-selection progr

239 A negative selection protocol plus flow cytometry was vali

240 Negative selection purges thymocytes whose T-cell recept

241 atively few genes and loci are critical, and negative selection-purging large-effect mutations in the

242 igen by medullary TECs, displaying decreased negative selection-related marker genes (Nur77 and CD5hi

243 which bypass the affinity limits imposed by negative selection, remain unresponsive to the low level

244 ely selected thymocytes from being purged by negative selection remains unclear.

245 r, whether cytokine-signaling contributes to negative selection remains unclear.

246 ut whether they play additional roles during negative selection remains unclear.

247 rgo death by neglect, positive selection, or negative selection, respectively.

248 dullary thymic epithelial cells and impaired negative selection, resulting in production of autoreact

249 amplify unproductive cheaters, we devised a negative selection scheme to eliminate cheaters while pr

250 A negative selection screen for essential genes identified

251 A proof-of-principle CRISPR-UMI negative-selection screen provided increased sensitivity

252 ing in C. elegans We developed a multiplexed negative selection screening approach in which edited lo

253 Negative-selection screening in the pancreas using multi

254 xenograft models, creating a high-throughput negative-selection screening platform in a functional in

255 genome-wide libraries, perform positive and negative selection screens and observe that the use of t

256 Here we establish how negative selection shapes the clonality of neoantigens i

257 therapeutic agents and as tools for in vitro negative selection strategies.

258 ate that close to the affinity threshold for negative selection, sufficient numbers of self-reactive

259 efficiencies compared to the commonly used, negative selection systems.

260 tion, and agonist selection are all forms of negative selection that can occur following a high-affin

261 ning approach suitable for both positive and negative selection that uses a genome-scale lentiviral s

262 s how TCR affinity affects the efficiency of negative selection, the ability to prime an autoimmune r

263 Because of negative selection, the coding sequence for the prothrom

264 Despite a significant role in negative selection, the events regulating thymic DC matu

265 s of yeast display screening integrated with negative selection, the evolved sortases exhibit specifi

266 he importance of thymic DC cross-dressing in negative selection, the factors that regulate the proces

267 ering the stringency and partially impairing negative selection, the host generates new virus-specifi

268 cells to change their sensitivity to thymic negative selection, thereby allowing their thymic produc

269 that are distinct from other APCs that cause negative selection, thereby promoting an overall larger

270 s from inappropriately crossing the positive/negative selection threshold by dampening TCR signaling.

271 ing antigens with an affinity just above the negative selection threshold exhibited the highest risk

272 We show that negative selection thresholds chosen to reflect experime

273 itch peptides between positive selection and negative selection to avoid the two processes' often can

274 Inuit revealed an exonic variant under weak negative selection to be significantly associated with I

275 ly unaffected, emphasising the importance of negative selection to effect enzyme specialisation, and

276 Self-reactive T cells must escape thymic negative selection to mediate pathogenic autoimmunity.

277 sult indicates the natural sequence is under negative selection to moderate this mode of interaction.

278 ressor 1 (NCoR1) in T cells causes excessive negative selection to reduce mature thymocyte numbers.

279 When constructs were subjected to negative selection to remove subspecies recognized by po

280 Thymocytes must pass both positive and negative selections to become mature T cells.

281 ocytes, inhibiting both death by neglect and negative selection via enhanced surface retention of the

282 Evidence of negative selection was assessed in 2 populations: one in

283 lls in the embryo spleen, demonstrating that negative selection was independent of the bursal microen

284 enic transformation, this basic mechanism of negative selection was still functional in ALL cells.

285 significant disease genes may be subject to negative selection, we developed a prediction method tha

286 patterns of evolution; sequence homology and negative selection were highest in Gag and Pol and lowes

287 ably, deletion of Helios fully reversed this negative selection, whereas deletion of Nur77 had no eff

288 to a developmental stage-specific change in negative selection, which precludes tT(reg) cell develop

289 identified 1118 genes under unusually strong negative selection, which tend to be exclusively express

290 reened by two processes, termed positive and negative selections, which are permissive only for immat

291 single amino acid substitution resulting in negative selection with a ground-state mode against gluc

292 reveal TGF-beta in thymocytes as crucial for negative selection with implications for understanding T

293 may share some characteristics required for negative selection with MPhis, they do not share those r

294 pecific bNAbs PGT145, PGT151, and 3BC315 and negative selection with non-NAbs against the V3 region e

295 ding base substitution/tumor is lost through negative selection, with purifying selection almost abse

296 f the P. aeruginosa genome is constrained by negative selection, with strong positive selection actin

297 synchronized cohort of thymocytes undergoing negative selection within a three-dimensional thymic tis

298 s a powerful mechanism for both positive and negative selection within the microbiota.

299 The mean value of several measures of negative selection within these genomic annotations mirr

300 te positively selecting peptides, a block at negative selection would point to the potential need to