ライフサイエンスコーパス: neuromodulator

1 PD-L1 as an endogenous pain inhibitor and a neuromodulator.

2 ctivity through functioning as an inhibitory neuromodulator.

3 hysiological roles as a second messenger and neuromodulator.

4 y serve as a potent and effective endogenous neuromodulator.

5 and external inputs: the classical role of a neuromodulator.

6 onsible for coordinating the release of this neuromodulator.

7 he central nervous system where it acts as a neuromodulator.

8 one (GnRH) neurons via action potentials and neuromodulators.

9 rculating neurochemicals such as hormones or neuromodulators.

10 te sensory processing in a manner similar to neuromodulators.

11 e and manipulate neurons that are targets of neuromodulators.

12 for the regulation of synaptic plasticity by neuromodulators.

13 pin and TKRPs might act as cotransmitters or neuromodulators.

14 hanges in synaptic strength by reward-linked neuromodulators.

15 ltiple interneuron types and potential local neuromodulators.

16 hat can potentially act as cotransmitters or neuromodulators.

17 uitous pathway acting downstream of multiple neuromodulators.

18 ceptor antagonists, prokinetics, and central neuromodulators.

19 show that, like in rodents, STDP is gated by neuromodulators.

20 ses and is influenced by several peptidergic neuromodulators.

21 , cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and neuromodulators.

22 eptide and non-peptide neurotransmitters and neuromodulators.

23 otulinumtoxinA and percutaneous or implanted neuromodulators.

24 of a modular temporal program controlled by neuromodulators.

25 atically as hormones and within the brain as neuromodulators.

26 The neuromodulator acetylcholine (ACh) is crucial for severa

27 Depletion studies show that the neuromodulator acetylcholine (ACh) is essential to dlPFC

28 The neuromodulator acetylcholine is released during locomoti

29 The neuromodulator acetylcholine modulates spatial integrati

30 e model and suggest a potential role for the neuromodulator acetylcholine.

31 Here we find that a key neuromodulator, ACh, can alter the balance of excitation

32 ight into seemingly idiosyncratic effects of neuromodulators across individuals.

33 Other work has shown how these neuromodulators act in downstream targets to enhance sig

34 Frequently neuromodulators act via second messengers, consequently

35 Adenosine is a neuromodulator acting through inhibitory A1 receptors (A

36 synaptic mechanisms through which different neuromodulators acting in combination result in characte

37 s in tonic and phasic arousal, indicative of neuromodulators acting on multiple timescales, was media

38 iety of stimuli including ischemia, hypoxia, neuromodulator action and increased activity.

39 The neuromodulator adenosine plays an important role in many

40 neither recurrent excitation nor slow-acting neuromodulators alone can account for persistent activit

41 In vitro studies indicate that neuromodulators also affect the expression of Hebbian pl

42 Neuromodulators alter network function by changing the b

43 The actions of neuromodulator and inhibitory afferents may be the basis

44 TGF-beta1 acted as a powerful neuromodulator and rapidly (within minutes) suppressed C

45 onin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a potent neuromodulator and vasodilator.

46 mode that is regulated by context-dependent neuromodulators and acts as a major driver of sleep home

47 axon terminals contain endogenous dynorphin neuromodulators and are presynaptic to cochlear Type-I a

48 t may modulate gamma oscillations, including neuromodulators and centrifugal input to the OB and AL.

49 uropeptides are usually considered to act as neuromodulators and cotransmitters that modify the effec

50 al periocular locations for the injection of neuromodulators and dermal fillers.

51 regarding aesthetic enhancement using facial neuromodulators and fillers and to present advanced tech

52 Studies have identified neural circuits, neuromodulators and genetic factors involved in social b

53 aphe nucleus (DRN) is an important source of neuromodulators and has been implicated in a wide variet

54 e a wide array of classic neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and hormones, as well as metabolic, trop

55 Neuromodulators and hyaluronic acid gel fillers have bee

56 engthen the functional separation between BG neuromodulators and main axis neurons.

57 arameters, which I hypothesize correspond to neuromodulators and oscillatory activity.

58 stage of consolidation is upstream of these neuromodulators and PLC, suggesting an important presyna

59 mined the presence, locations, and levels of neuromodulators and related molecules ("signaling molecu

60 f interstitial cells of Cajal as pacemakers, neuromodulators and stretch receptors has been revealed

61 he literature on the pharmacology of central neuromodulators and their effects on gastrointestinal se

62 Tyramine is an important neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, and neurohormone in insects.

63 BACKGROUND & AIMS: Central neuromodulators (antidepressants, antipsychotics, and ot

64 ize melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) as a neuromodulator are localized in the postero-lateral hypo

65 yet the precise behavioral functions of this neuromodulator are not well understood.

66 Because these neuromodulators are especially important for sensory and

67 is not well known which neurotransmitters or neuromodulators are involved.

68 es in the modulation of neurotransmission by neuromodulators are poorly understood.

69 Peptide neuromodulators are released from a unique organelle: th

70 Neuromodulators are thought to be responsible for these

71 I, and IV) that synthesize kynurenic acid, a neuromodulator, are identical to glutamine transaminase

72 g, namely age-related decline in dopamine, a neuromodulator associated with risk-taking behavior.

73 ive glomerular distribution of two extrinsic neuromodulators associated with distinct physiological s

74 Neuromodulators bind to pre- and postsynaptic G protein-

75 Serotonin is an essential neuromodulator, but the precise circuit connectivity tha

76 lness is driven by the widespread release of neuromodulators by the ascending arousal system.

77 The release of neuromodulators by widely projecting neurons often allow

78 vides insight into how a diffusely delivered neuromodulator can improve the performance of neural cir

79 Neuromodulators can be delivered as local hormones, as c

80 Together, these data reveal that neuromodulators can exert powerful and long-lasting regu

81 ies focus on a single neurotransmitter, many neuromodulators can have related effects on cognition an

82 Acetylcholine (ACh) is a potent neuromodulator capable of modifying patterns of acoustic

83 Neuroactive steroids are endogenous neuromodulators capable of altering neuronal activity an

84 s of Cajal (ICCs), electrical pacemaker, and neuromodulator cells of the gut, were incorporated into

85 The interaction between these transient neuromodulator changes and the effect on cAMP/PKA signal

86 n, are electrically excited by the anorectic neuromodulator cholecystokinin, and inhibited by orexige

87 of damage to forebrain neurotransmitter and neuromodulator circuits, most notably those involving ch

88 r colliculus are under strong inhibitory and neuromodulator control.

89 We propose that neuromodulators control the polarity of STDP in differen

90 d is a key site of action for the anxiogenic neuromodulator, corticotropin releasing factor (CRF).

91 e will examine how stress interacts with the neuromodulators, corticotropin-releasing factor, norepin

92 ted the causal influence of two major stress neuromodulators, cortisol and noradrenaline, on loss ave

93 suggesting that age-related decline in this neuromodulator could lead to the observed decrease in ri

94 y neuron pair that induces expression of the neuromodulator DAF-7/TGF-beta.

95 Neuromodulators determine how neural circuits process in

96 Furthermore, the branching density of each neuromodulator differed, with 5-HT exhibiting denser arb

97 ate have demonstrated the opposite, that is, neuromodulators directly driving presynaptic Ca(2+) rise

98 y and how this dependence was changed by the neuromodulator dopamine (DA).

99 The neuromodulator dopamine has a well established role in r

100 The neuromodulator dopamine plays a key role in motivation,

101 The neuromodulator dopamine plays an important role in synap

102 The neuromodulator dopamine signals through the dopamine D2

103 s that were dependent on the presence of the neuromodulator dopamine.

104 tive functions are heavily influenced by the neuromodulator dopamine.

105 e observed following enhancements of related neuromodulators dopamine or norepinephrine.

106 As a classic neuromodulator, dopamine has long been thought to modula

107 Here we show that histamine is an active neuromodulator during the earliest periods of postnatal

108 red activity in various brain structures and neuromodulators, during tasks in which animals decide ho

109 on dampening visceral hypersensitivity with neuromodulators (e.g., desipramine).

110 ew role for endogenously released opioids as neuromodulators engaged by synaptic activity to regulate

111 gical interest such as neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, especially those that are otherwise dif

112 asmodic drugs, peppermint oil, and gut-brain neuromodulators for IBS, few of which were judged as bei

113 The neurons that produce and respond to each neuromodulator form a distributed circuit orthogonal to

114 ny neurons also secrete neurotransmitters or neuromodulators from their somata and dendrites.

115 y allows ipRGCs to regulate the secretion of neuromodulators from these interneurons.

116 odulator network activation are critical for neuromodulator function.

117 We show that our model reproduces neuromodulator-gated spike-timing-dependent plasticity a

118 gment of the globus pallidus (GPe)], and one neuromodulator group [striatal tonically active neurons

119 This permissive/enabling function of neuromodulators has been associated with their capacity

120 Several neuromodulators have been linked to uncertainty signalli

121 Various neuromodulators have been shown to be involved in shapin

122 Neuromodulators have previously been shown to regulate t

123 Serotonin (5-HT) represents a quintessential neuromodulator, having been identified in nearly all ani

124 A reduction in the synthesis of the neuromodulator histamine has been associated with Touret

125 iting these neurons with the pharmacogenetic neuromodulator hM4D.

126 ioactive molecules, including neuropeptides, neuromodulators, hormones, and immune molecules.

127 Acting as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, hormones, or growth factors, they are e

128 ecent theories consider dopamine to be a key neuromodulator in mediating motivational effects of rewa

129 ophic factor (BDNF) is an activity-dependent neuromodulator in the adult brain, which enhances neuron

130 IFICANCE STATEMENT Serotonin is an important neuromodulator in the brain and a major target for drugs

131 Dopamine (DA) functions as an essential neuromodulator in the brain and retina such that disrupt

132 Acetylcholine (ACh) is a potent neuromodulator in the brain, and its effects on cognitio

133 Adenosine might be the most widespread neuromodulator in the brain, but its effects on inhibito

134 gically probe how acetylcholine, a pervasive neuromodulator in the brain, influences the encoding of

135 Serotonin, an important neuromodulator in the brain, is implicated in affective

136 Adenosine might be the most widespread neuromodulator in the brain: as a metabolite of ATP it i

137 NIFICANCE STATEMENT Dopamine (DA) is a major neuromodulator in the CNS and plays a key role in severa

138 tocin is a nonapeptide that also serves as a neuromodulator in the human central nervous system.

139 Adenosine is an established neuromodulator in the mammalian retina, with A1 adenosin

140 Acetylcholine (ACh) is an important neuromodulator in the nervous system implicated in many

141 acting through the 5-HT2AR is an excitatory neuromodulator in the nTS and its effects are modulated

142 lamus of mammals but also a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator in the parvocellular suprachiasmatic nucl

143 s well as the roles of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in activating the circuit.

144 d-serine, l-glutamate, and most likely other neuromodulators in an activity-dependent manner.

145 scent of the known conductance regulation by neuromodulators in crustaceans.

146 The evidence-based review on neuromodulators in FGID, restricted by the limited avail

147 ion of GTPgammaS, suggesting that endogenous neuromodulators in hCSF act on G-protein coupled recepto

148 We then review the roles of neuromodulators in regulating the subtype-specific funct

149 denylyl cyclase (AC) coupled GPCRs for these neuromodulators in striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs),

150 The link between the combined action of neuromodulators in the brain and global brain states rem

151 Guanosine and adenosine are important neuromodulators in the brain and work in cooperation to

152 sults suggest that ambient concentrations of neuromodulators in the brain extracellular fluid powerfu

153 ever, the influence of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the dmNTS on baroreflex function both

154 lly, our findings support a broader role for neuromodulators in the dynamic reconfiguration of functi

155 uits, possibly indicating a broader role for neuromodulators in the dynamic reconfiguration of functi

156 ing that neuronal cilia sense and respond to neuromodulators in the extracellular space.

157 g the most widely distributed and ubiquitous neuromodulators in the mammalian brain and have a profou

158 ions for interpreting the natural actions of neuromodulators in the spinal cord.

159 mation and guidelines for the use of central neuromodulators in the treatment of chronic gastrointest

160 evidence and guidance for the use of central neuromodulators in these conditions is scanty and incomp

161 asmodic drugs, peppermint oil, and gut-brain neuromodulators (including tricyclic antidepressants, se

162 tory synapses can be potentiated by chemical neuromodulators, including 17beta-estradiol (E2), or pat

163 Neuromodulators, including biogenic amines, neuropeptide

164 te to network regulation and are targeted by neuromodulators, including dopamine, has clinical releva

165 e function, and the overactivation of stress neuromodulators, including hypocretin/orexin, norepineph

166 Several hormones and neuromodulators, including oxytocin, affect these intera

167 BEST PRACTICE ADVICE 5: Neuromodulators, including tricyclic antidepressants, se

168 Dopamine, a key striatal neuromodulator, increases synaptic strength by promoting

169 pulate slow-wave network activity and induce neuromodulator-independent transition to activated state

170 Here, we show that neuromodulators induce increases in the extracellular K(

171 tional deletion approach, we reveal that the neuromodulator-induced control of synaptic vesicle numbe

172 Neuromodulators influence the activities of collections

173 ations as well as evaluating the efficacy of neuromodulator injections, oral anticholinergic medicati

174 ple with severe symptoms and include central neuromodulators, intestinal secretagogues, drugs acting

175 Since serotonin is well-known to be the key neuromodulator involved in anxiety behaviors, the mRNA l

176 dings suggest that signaling of adenosine, a neuromodulator involved in mediating homeostatic sleep d

177 Dopamine is a central neuromodulator involved in this process in the mammalian

178 Serotonin (5-HT) and oxytocin (OXT) are two neuromodulators involved in human affect and sociality a

179 The neurotransmitters/neuromodulators involved in sleep control are GABA, dopa

180 nced antennal lobe octopamine and serotonin, neuromodulators involved in stimulus responsiveness and

181 the brain mechanisms, and in particular the neuromodulators, involved in this process are still larg

182 Cellular responsiveness to many neuromodulators is controlled by endocytosis of the tran

183 f the striatum by the GPCR signaling through neuromodulators is essential for its physiology and phys

184 Because the LC contains multiple neuromodulators known to affect amyloid beta toxicity an

185 Finally, examining neuromodulators known to control behavioral flexibility,

186 Serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine are critical neuromodulators known to regulate a range of behaviors i

187 lines of evidence have linked the endogenous neuromodulator kynurenic acid (KYNA) to schizophrenia.

188 lex network with synaptic, gap junction, and neuromodulator layers representing alternative modes of

189 tical activation produced by either of these neuromodulators leads to suppressed sensory responses an

190 an organism are coordinated and suggest that neuromodulators like dopamine can couple motor circuits

191 Here we show that IL-17 has neuromodulator-like properties in Caenorhabditis elegans

192 Serotonin (5-HT) is a crucial neuromodulator linked to many psychiatric disorders.

193 rks.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A key role of any neuromodulator may be the reconfiguration of functional

194 By doing so, neuromodulators may allow coordinated plastic changes in

195 Antioxidants and neuromodulators may decrease pain in some patients with

196 ally, I suggest that the recently discovered neuromodulators may hold the keys to our understanding o

197 The nonspecific plasticity these neuromodulators may induce at neighboring non-active syn

198 VIP interneurons, themselves regulated by neuromodulators, may therefore enable selective patterns

199 The neuromodulator melatonin synchronizes circadian rhythms

200 in addition to their role as powerhouses and neuromodulators, mitochondria behave as intracellular si

201 ignaling in the mPFC and showed that it is a neuromodulator necessary for the cue-driven consumption.

202 ts differences in the temporal parameters of neuromodulator network activation are critical for neuro

203 cholecystokinin, and inhibited by orexigenic neuromodulators neuropeptide Y, met-enkephalin, dynorphi

204 ipulate the entire set of neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, neuropeptides, and their receptors-the

205 Altered neurotransmitter (NT) and neuromodulator (NM) signaling is central to the pathogen

206 sleep need via the wake- and sleep-promoting neuromodulators, noradrenaline and adenosine, respective

207 Animal research suggests that the neuromodulator norepinephrine helps to maintain selectiv

208 We here show that the neuromodulator norepinephrine modulates olfactory bulb s

209 hat they are shaped by the catecholaminergic neuromodulators norepinephrine and dopamine.

210 Here, we show a role of the neuromodulator octopamine (OA) in the female postmating

211 Although we showed that the neuromodulator octopamine is implicated, the identity of

212 , and that these effects are mimicked by the neuromodulator octopamine.

213 Acetylcholine acts as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator of many central nervous system processes

214 hich is released from B5-I neurons, is a key neuromodulator of pruritus.

215 Oxytocin (OXT) is an important neuromodulator of social behaviors via activation of bot

216 commonalities confirm that dopamine is a key neuromodulator of the functional connectome of speech co

217 eroid hormones, which are known to be potent neuromodulators of auditory function.

218 now, several potential neurotransmitters or neuromodulators of Kenyon cells have been anatomically i

219 roadly accepted in recent decades as general neuromodulators of memory processes, sex steroid hormone

220 ific and therefore dose-dependent control of neuromodulators on spinal network output and advances ou

221 and examination of the role of hormones and neuromodulators on the behaviors of teacher and pupil.

222 Here, we report that the neuromodulator oxytocin differentially shapes spontaneou

223 are controlled directly by a large number of neuromodulators, particularly during episodes of learnin

224 Neuromodulators, particularly the small biogenic amine n

225 Furthermore, neuromodulators play crucial long-term roles in the asse

226 The female's nervous system and neuromodulators play important roles in her responses to

227 but coordinated events with the small set of neuromodulators present [14-18].

228 with or mimic GERD can also be treated with neuromodulators (primarily antidepressants), or psycholo

229 Compared with cooling, neuromodulators produce qualitatively similar effects on

230 Neuromodulators rapidly and flexibly alter the efficacy

231 Activation of neuromodulator receptors bidirectionally controlled syna

232 t it is already apparent that endocytosis of neuromodulator receptors has a significant impact on the

233 KA) integrates inputs from G-protein-coupled neuromodulator receptors to modulate synaptic and cellul

234 output and advances our understanding of how neuromodulators regulate neural networks under dynamical

235 Multiple neuromodulators regulate neuronal response properties an

236 itial steps in linking intrinsic measures of neuromodulator release and functional connectivity withi

237 of neural activity, from neuronal firing to neuromodulator release and signaling, underlie brain fun

238 ion for combined and real-time monitoring of neuromodulator release and the activities of large ensem

239 se results suggest that sNPF is a functional neuromodulator released by Kenyon cells.

240 ut of MCH, so MCH appears to be the critical neuromodulator released by these neurons.

241 Neuromodulators released during and after a fearful expe

242 behavior and a potential role for galanin as neuromodulator remains to be identified.SIGNIFICANCE STA

243 the influence of other neurotransmitters and neuromodulators remains unclear.

244 tive disorders, a precise definition of this neuromodulator's role in fear remains elusive.

245 graduate level) to develop and utilize novel neuromodulator sensors in vivo, by using dLight1 as a be

246 uding calcium, voltage, neurotransmitter and neuromodulator sensors, allows precise measurement of th

247 t express each of the receptors for one such neuromodulator, serotonin (5-HT).

248 We find that two opposing neuromodulators, serotonin and the neuropeptide pigment

249 c neurotransmitter release as an effector of neuromodulator signaling in human neurons.

250 and the delivery of reinforcement-mediating neuromodulator signals.

251 to be modulated by the striosomally enriched neuromodulator substance P.

252 uts from subcortical structures that release neuromodulators such as acetylcholine, often nonsynaptic

253 (SK-channels) which are in turn inhibited by neuromodulators such as acetylcholine.

254 nclude neuronal activity, neuropeptides, and neuromodulators such as dopamine and norepinephrine (NE)

255 Neuromodulators such as dopamine can alter the intrinsic

256 s of ensembles of neurons and the release of neuromodulators such as dopamine.

257 acting neurotransmitters such as glutamate, neuromodulators such as monoamines signal changes in fir

258 d insulin-related peptides, as well as other neuromodulators such as serotonin and dopamine (Michael

259 ever, it is still unknown whether endogenous neuromodulators such as the peptide hormone oxytocin (OX

260 the consequent deficiencies in raphe-derived neuromodulators such as TRH.

261 striatal acetylcholine (ACh), whereas other neuromodulators, such as adenosine (Adn), change slowly.

262 odic memory is sensitive to the influence of neuromodulators, such as dopamine and noradrenaline.

263 ard to these network dynamics is the role of neuromodulators, such as dopamine, and whether their dys

264 Neurophysiological evidence suggests that neuromodulators, such as norepinephrine and dopamine, in

265 cial behavior is largely controlled by brain neuromodulators, such as oxytocin and serotonin.

266 inergic input system has been described as a neuromodulator system that influences broadly defined be

267 Norepinephrine, a neuromodulator that activates beta-adrenergic receptors

268 Dopamine is a critical neuromodulator that activates GPCRs in mammals or ligand

269 tentiation ABSTRACT: Noradrenaline (NA) is a neuromodulator that can effect long-lasting changes in s

270 Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a brain neuromodulator that has been strongly implicated in the

271 pocretin (also known as orexin) is a peptide neuromodulator that is expressed exclusively in the late

272 ching by dFB neurons, identify dopamine as a neuromodulator that operates the switch, and delineate t

273 mammalian neuropeptide Y, a highly conserved neuromodulator that stimulates food-seeking behavior.

274 Adenosine is an inhibitory neuromodulator that was previously thought to mediate an

275 t the network level as endogenously released neuromodulators that are normally adaptive become the dr

276 act contains a characteristic combination of neuromodulators that confer unique identities on each re

277 resented in the brain as the tonic levels of neuromodulators that control the level of internal motiv

278 t knowledge and outstanding questions on the neuromodulators that influence aggressive behavior of th

279 brain by identifying and combining multiple neuromodulators that perturb connectivity in complementa

280 ious methods have been used to quantify this neuromodulator, the most common of which is HPLC with el

281 Assigning potential transmitters and neuromodulators to distinct morphological and electrophy

282 ssign neurotransmitters, cotransmitters, and neuromodulators to identified classes of antennal lobe n

283 computational models implementing effects of neuromodulators to simulate transitions between awake an

284 and neurobiological studies linking specific neuromodulators to the learning rate and linking neural

285 earch indicates that dopamine and serotonin, neuromodulators traditionally linked to appetitive and a

286 Thus, neuromodulators tune the output of different interneuron

287 we show that in Caenorhabditis elegans, the neuromodulator tyramine produced by commensal Providenci

288 RIM synthesizes the neuromodulator tyramine, which is required in the L1 sta

289 Among the many neuromodulators used by the mammalian brain to regulate

290 and implementational motifs associated with neuromodulators, using decision making in the face of un

291 is known about the interaction between these neuromodulators via GPCRs.

292 pasmodic drugs, peppermint oil, or gut-brain neuromodulators was assessed in adults (aged at least 18

293 Substance P (SP) is a prominent neuromodulator, which is produced and released by periph

294 importance of non-synaptic communication by neuromodulators, which can dynamically reconfigure circu

295 the mammalian brain, dopamine is a critical neuromodulator whose actions underlie learning, decision

296 Serotonin, a central neuromodulator with ancient ties to feeding and metaboli

297 Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous neuromodulator with physiological functions in every ret

298 s suggest that the cAMP-HCN pathway provides neuromodulators with an opportunity to finely tune energ

299 ogenous NPY as a novel and potent inhibitory neuromodulator within the PVN that may contribute to cha

300 Serotonin (5-HT) is a crucial neuromodulator, yet its role in behavior remains poorly