ライフサイエンスコーパス: nipple

1 d induce the overlying epidermis to form the nipple.

2 mammary epithelium and the formation of the nipple.

3 later when rats were tested on the surrogate nipple.

4 on the schedule of milk infusion through the nipple.

5 ched to and ingested milk from the surrogate nipple.

6 ment pattern when reexposed to the surrogate nipple.

7 re and during presentation of the artificial nipple.

8 sp responses and sustained attachment to the nipple.

9 tered subsequent behavioral responses to the nipple.

10 d sustained attachment to an empty surrogate nipple.

11 ral grasping when presented with a surrogate nipple.

12 l grasp response and experienced milk at the nipple.

13 le elicited sustained attachment to an empty nipple.

14 l oblique view if it is lateral (out) to the nipple.

15 which pups ingested fluids from a surrogate nipple.

16 sponses and ingested milk from the surrogate nipple.

17 ed infant rats to compete successfully for a nipple.

18 ream role of this hormone in maintaining the nipple.

19 al and involved predominantly the top of the nipple.

20 d pregnancy-associated hyperkeratosis of the nipple.

21 r the treatment of Raynaud phenomenon of the nipple.

22 rmine sampling limitations at depth from the nipple.

23 ps to voluntarily release their hold on hind nipples.

24 ged less frequently than were young on other nipples.

25 nied by ascending numbness to just below his nipples.

26 ged less frequently than were young on other nipples.

27 ochrogaster) in laboratory cages prefer hind nipples.

28 le providing ethanol or saccharin (but not a nipple alone or fluids alone) increased subsequent respo

29 motor activity and respond to an artificial nipple (AN) with mouthing and oral grasping behavior.

30 Time attached to the nipple and amount of milk ingested depended on the sched

31 rentiation from nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola.

32 ment, and/or in nevoid hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola.

33 ities of milk delivery through the surrogate nipple and reproduce the initial attachment pattern when

34 the total amount of dye retained within the nipple and to characterize the penetration routes.

35 Nipple and torso position was recorded.

36 Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and/or areola can develop in the context of infla

37 ignificantly increased incidence of retained nipples and compromised sperm motility.

38 vironment to confirm the preference for hind nipples and to determine if young on hind nipples were g

39 er and situated at least 1 cm from the skin, nipple, and chest wall were selected.

40 ontact with the nipple, oral grasping of the nipple, and experience with milk altered subsequent beha

41 ICCs for clockface, distance from nipple, and individual lesion diameter all exceeded 0.7,

42 e during the test, less time attached to the nipple, and less body weight gain.

43 Pups orally grasped the artificial nipple, and they performed more and longer oral grasps i

44 We identified specialized populations of nipple- and pilo-erector muscle neurons.

45 n cohort 2 involved less than a third of the nipple areola complex (NAC), and the most frequent recon

46 or sweating of the implant; necrosis of the nipple, areola, or flap; malfunction of the filler port

47 Nerve preservation using targeted nipple-areola complex (NAC) reinnervation (TNR) may rest

48 anterior tongue, which is wedged between the nipple-areola complex and the lower lips, moves as a rig

49 to our knowledge, that latch-on to draw the nipple-areola complex into the infant mouth, as well as

50 y subatmospheric pressure or mouthing of the nipple-areola complex to induce a peristaltic-like extra

51 erative skin necrosis, and reported skin and nipple areolar complex (NAC) sensation.

52 Patients report that nipple-areolar complex (NAC) reconstruction is psycholog

53 of-life after mastectomy, but removal of the nipple-areolar complex may have its own negative psychos

54 inoma was defined as that within 2 cm of the nipple-areolar complex.

55 ome insects use arrays of elements, known as nipple arrays, to reduce reflectivity in their compound

56 S, sustained attachment occurred to an empty nipple as if it provided milk, whereas pups in control c

57 f two adult male NHPs with each animal's own nipples as controls (n = 4).

58 investigated the presence of microbes in the nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) and their potential associat

59 (CEA) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in nipple aspirate fluids (NAFs), but the usefulness for th

60 2 oz or more in 1 feeding from an artificial nipple at least once per week.

61 on is well established, the impact of at-the-nipple (ATN) breastfeeding on maternal immune status has

62 At all ages, pups demonstrated greater nipple attachment for saccharin or 5% ethanol than for w

63 rn to the nest reduced this desynchrony, and nipple attachment induced a further reduction but increa

64 -regulated only on the side contralateral to nipple blockade.

65 Pregnancy-associated hyperkeratosis of the nipple can be symptomatic and persist post partum.

66 Reported physiologic nipple changes in pregnancy do not include hyperkeratosi

67 e cancer and distances of the tumor from the nipple, chest wall, and skin were computed.

68 to compare tumor sizes and distances to the nipple, chest wall, and skin.

69 22 of 59 (37.3%) had lesions >5 cm from the nipple, compared with 1 of 17 women for whom distance of

70 on-nodular enhancement, breast edema, areola-nipple complex retraction, and lymph-node involvement we

71 uses received presentations of an artificial nipple (conditioned stimulus; CS) paired with milk (unco

72 r, ectopic delivery of Tgfbeta1 protein into nipple connective tissue reduced epidermal proliferation

73 .4, 95% CI: 2.04, 5.51), using an antifungal nipple cream (presumably for nipple thrush) in the same

74 The nipple CS has no effect on opioid activity, but after pa

75 ersion or retraction (n = 4), and associated nipple discharge (n = 2).

76 nely used to evaluate women with spontaneous nipple discharge (SND), but definitive diagnosis is usua

77 ears to have been therapeutic as well, since nipple discharge ceased after the procedure.

78 ced mammography (CEM) in cases of suspicious nipple discharge due to the high negative predictive val

79 56 patients who underwent CDR for pathologic nipple discharge greater than 15 years previous were rev

80 CDR for pathologic nipple discharge is an effective way to diagnose and tre

81 Male nipple discharge is uncommon and highly associated with

82 nation to seek immediate medical advice for 'nipple discharge or bleeding' (screening-eligible: n = 9

83 Patients found with pathologic nipple discharge present a diagnostic dilemma to surgeon

84 ary 1992 and December 1998, 23 patients with nipple discharge underwent contrast material-enhanced MR

85 Nipple discharge was not present.

86 No skin ulceration or nipple discharge was present.

87 fective way to diagnose and treat pathologic nipple discharge without missing underlying cancers.

88 ciated findings such as microcalcifications, nipple discharge, and interval change were evaluated.

89 g findings of the most common causes of male nipple discharge, both benign and malignant.

90 Data including type of nipple discharge, future biopsy, and pathology reports w

91 y was performed in women who had problematic nipple discharge.

92 identify both benign and malignant causes of nipple discharge.

93 ification of potential sources of pathologic nipple discharge.

94 enign versus malignant sources of pathologic nipple discharge.

95 bese range, birth weight >3600 g, absence of nipple discomfort between 0-3 d postpartum, and infant f

96 1-mm increases in the minimum enhancement-to-nipple distance (OR, 0.94; 95% CI: 0.93, 0.96; P < .001)

97 e involvement and the minimum enhancement-to-nipple distance to rule in pathologic nipple involvement

98 eptor 2 amplification, tumor size, and tumor-nipple distance were associated with nipple involvement

99 For the minimum enhancement-to-nipple distance, a 9.5-mm cutoff best predicted patholog

100 al fate, no mammary ducts are formed and the nipple does not form.

101 To investigate microbial contamination in nipple drinking system in layer houses, the bacterial ab

102 ted in more frequent disengagements from the nipple during the test, less time attached to the nipple

103 Less frequent dislodgment from hind nipples during maternal movements may play a role in the

104 Hertoghe sign: OR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.27-5.93; nipple eczema: OR, 4.97; 95% CI, 1.56-15.78) was associa

105 ilk from an oral cannula or from a surrogate nipple elicited sustained attachment to an empty nipple.

106 ogether, these results show that specialized nipple epidermis is maintained by estrogen-induced repre

107 We observed the conversion of nipple epithelium into pilosebaceous units.

108 d organogenesis, BMPs are likely used by the nipple epithelium to suppress keratinocyte differentiati

109 Feeding therapies were nipple flow, fluid thickness, or no modification.

110 Nipple fluid CEA and PSA titers are correlated in the af

111 Nipple fluid CEAs are higher for breasts with untreated

112 Nipple fluid CEAs are significantly higher for cancerous

113 Nipple fluid PSA titers do not seem to be useful for bre

114 Nipple fluid PSAs do not differ by tumor status.

115 Seventy-one percent of nipples from therapeutic mastectomies showed no patholog

116 Prairie vole young on hind nipples, however, were dislodged less frequently than we

117 Twenty-five cases of pregnancy-associated nipple hyperkeratosis identified during a 5-year period

118 ic analysis of cases of pregnancy-associated nipple hyperkeratosis.

119 nderwent TNR than those who did not reported nipple hypersensitivity until 3 months postoperatively (

120 ffspring competed with peers for access to a nipple in infancy, and to water in adolescence or adulth

121 activity and oral grasping of an artificial nipple in newborn rats.

122 s may play a role in the preference for hind nipples in prairie voles.

123 with the formation of the convex bulge, or "nipple", in the initial stage of membrane fusion.

124 disease, lymph node involvement, skin and/or nipple invasion, chest wall and/or pectoralis muscle inv

125 including palpable mass (n = 29), associated nipple inversion or retraction (n = 4), and associated n

126 Presentation is usually a lump or nipple inversion, but is often late, with more than 40%

127 , CEM diagnostic accuracy indexes to rule in nipple involvement (specificity [ie, primary end point],

128 e, a 9.5-mm cutoff best predicted pathologic nipple involvement (Youden index, 0.53).

129 stic accuracy of CEM in ruling in pathologic nipple involvement and identify associated CEM features.

130 Associations of CEM features with pathologic nipple involvement and the minimum enhancement-to-nipple

131 of breast carcinoma with low probability of nipple involvement by carcinoma and prophylactic procedu

132 Extent and location of nipple involvement by carcinoma was assessed with the ti

133 Nipple involvement by IC or DCIS was identified in the r

134 e of the 84 prophylactic mastectomies showed nipple involvement by IC or DCIS.

135 d tumor-nipple distance were associated with nipple involvement by multivariate analysis (P = .0047,

136 y evaluates frequency and patterns of occult nipple involvement in a large contemporary cohort of pat

137 Background Assessing nipple involvement in breast cancer at preoperative imag

138 s able to help accurately rule in pathologic nipple involvement in the preoperative setting.

139 Results Pathologic nipple involvement was present in 147 of 558 (26.3%) can

140 CEM features associated with pathologic nipple involvement were as follows: periareolar skin thi

141 ent-to-nipple distance to rule in pathologic nipple involvement were evaluated by using multivariable

142 retroareolar margin as possible indicator of nipple involvement.

143 (touch-deprived) but not in pups placed with nipple-ligated dams (food-deprived).

144 nt to reprogram wild-type keratinocytes into nipple-like epidermis.

145 Nipple-like nanostructures covering the corneal surfaces

146 ifferentiation of the ventral epidermis into nipple-like skin and is accompanied by ectopic expressio

147 fter 2, 3, or 6 pairings with the artificial nipple, milk evoked both kappa and mu opioid activity.

148 hypospadias (n = 199), and polythelia (extra nipples) (n = 167) among male offspring, using a nested

149 ent responsiveness toward an empty surrogate nipple (no fluid), both 1 hr and 24 hr after preexposure

150 nfluence the development of hairs within the nipple of the KRT14-Noggin mouse.

151 he total dose was injected under each of six nipples on the right side.

152 ated by the progressive use of more anterior nipples only as litter size increased and by the relucta

153 Contact with the nipple, oral grasping of the nipple, and experience with

154 5 were gynaecomastia (n=24), fatigue (n=23), nipple pain (n=13), and hot flush (n=12), all of which w

155 considered in the differential diagnosis of nipple pain during lactation.

156 tfeeding mothers demonstrated improvement of nipple pain.

157 pine,10 (83%) reported decreased or resolved nipple pain.

158 ls before presentation without resolution of nipple pain.

159 ger oral grasps in the latter portion of the nipple presentation.

160 ancer at preoperative imaging is crucial for nipple-preserving surgery, but no studies have investiga

161 e 22 patients with Raynaud phenomenon of the nipple, previous treatment for Candida mastitis with ora

162 ly result in inadequate shape, symmetry, and nipple projection.

163 The surrogate nipple provides a new technique for experimental study o

164 Preexposure to a nipple providing ethanol or saccharin (but not a nipple

165 osure, pups responded most positively to the nipple providing saccharin, the longest time spent on an

166 was robust enough to promote attachment to a nipple providing saline, which is aversive to the newbor

167 Responsiveness to a surrogate nipple providing water, saccharin, 5% ethanol, or 10% et

168 Nipple-proximal Gpr125+ cells express a transcriptomic p

169 After ingesting milk from the surrogate nipple, pups remained attached to an empty surrogate nip

170 SM) or (2) simple mastectomy with subsequent nipple reconstruction (SNR).

171 sthetics for NSM over simple mastectomy with nipple reconstruction in immediate IBBR, we found no sig

172 tic glandular tissue remains confined to the nipple region, implying that the requirement for ER alph

173 Male nipple retention and compromised sperm motility at 2,000

174 cement (OR, 3.0; 95% CI: 1.3, 7.0; P = .01), nipple retraction (OR, 2.2; 95% CI: 1.1, 4.6; P = .03),

175 olar ulcerating skin plaque, more noticeable nipple retraction, and new onset of retroareolar aching.

176 Scalp-ear-nipple (SEN) syndrome is a rare, autosomal-dominant diso

177 TNR significantly improved patient-reported nipple sensation (F = 60.5; P < .001), chest light touch

178 uctal development and patterns the overlying nipple sheath.

179 air follicle formation within the developing nipple sheath.

180 Raynaud phenomenon of the nipple should be considered in the differential diagnosi

181 n pups that ingested milk from the surrogate nipple showed brief oral grasp responses and, when teste

182 Pups ingesting milk from a surrogate nipple showed increased intake of water and saline from

183 yme and the entire ventral epidermis becomes nipple skin.

184 dence interval (CI): 2.64, 6.11), cracks and nipple sores in the same week as mastitis (OR = 3.4, 95%

185 ital underwent bilateral single-port robotic nipple-sparing mastectomies (SPrNSM) with tissue expande

186 Robotic-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomies with multiport robots have b

187 included women who met surgical criteria for nipple-sparing mastectomies, per standard of care.

188 struction (IBBR) after receiving either: (1) nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) or (2) simple mastectomy

189 Surgical options now include nipple-sparing mastectomy but its oncological safety is

190 rance genes who are eligible for mastectomy, nipple-sparing mastectomy is a reasonable approach.

191 Nipple-sparing mastectomy may be suitable for selected c

192 or occult involvement in patients undergoing nipple-sparing mastectomy.

193 of oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery and nipple-sparing or skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate

194 imal type and timing of reconstruction after nipple-sparing or skin-sparing mastectomy with planned r

195 To identify candidate nipple-specific signaling factors, we compared gene expr

196 Between cohort 1 and cohort 2, nipple survival rates rose from 80% to 95% (P = 0.003) a

197 mographic lesion is medial or lateral to the nipple, the "down and out" rule is commonly employed.

198 We propose that during evolution of the nipple, the BMP pathway was co-opted to suppress hair fo

199 s in seminatural environments preferred hind nipples; this preference was illustrated by the progress

200 g an antifungal nipple cream (presumably for nipple thrush) in the same 3-week interval as mastitis (

201 lter the fate of the epithelium in the mouse nipple to a hair-covered epidermal phenotype.

202 ta, indicated that the traditional metric of nipple to the ductal front distance, or percent fat pad

203 evaluated by measuring the distance from the nipple to the pectoralis major muscle on the mediolatera

204 itioned opioid activity if preexposed to the nipple twice before conditioning.

205 escent dye were applied topically on porcine nipples using a Franz diffusion cell.

206 itution that is oncologically safe with high nipple viability and early low rates of recurrence.

207 y (TSSM) technique is limited by concerns of nipple viability, flap necrosis, local recurrence risk,

208 men for whom distance of the lesion from the nipple was known in the conventional group (P = 0.02).

209 accharin, the longest time spent on an empty nipple was observed in pups preexposed to 10% ethanol.

210 6 hours, the amount of dye deposited in the nipple was proportional to the formulation's water conce

211 instillation of dye or other materials, the nipple was sutured shut, and the mastectomy proceeded as

212 nd nipples and to determine if young on hind nipples were groomed more frequently or dislodged less f

213 There was more conspicuous retraction of the nipple when compared with that seen at prior examination

214 ncreased intake of water and saline from the nipple when tested subsequently.

215 tered both attachment and ingestion from the nipple, whereas preloading with the same amount of water

216 usion, spent a greater amount of time on the nipple while M1 was erupting than in the preceding year,

217 pups remained attached to an empty surrogate nipple, while pups exposed to distilled water or saline

218 Without it, a babe that sucks at a nipple will go hungry, even if the breast at which it su

219 h intraorally infused ethanol or a surrogate nipple with ethanol administered intraperitoneally (to m

220 rogen signaling through ovariectomy produced nipples with abnormally thin epidermis, and we identifie

221 Nipple withdrawal, with or without milk transfer, induce

222 ial for evaluation of lesions of the mammary nipple yields samples which permit a diagnosis of Paget'