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1 he modified Taft steric constant E(s) of the nitroxide.
2 uires a paramagnetic spin catalyst such as a nitroxide.
3 ent for the neutral and charged forms of the nitroxide.
4 ium salts and trace amounts of corresponding nitroxide.
5 adical to the oxoammonium ion to re-form the nitroxide.
6 a peroxyl radical to eventually re-form the nitroxide.
7 n alkyl bromide and a hydroxy-functionalized nitroxide.
8 radical that is spin-trapped in situ by the nitroxide.
9 ed reversible redox behavior for all studied nitroxides.
10 toolset for the predictive design of pyridyl nitroxides.
11 ompared to corresponding 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl nitroxides.
12 es were much more reactive than the backbone nitroxides.
13 es were developed under the name of shifting-nitroxides.
14 ning of both the 15N-labeled and 14N-labeled nitroxides.
15 eased in the manner usually observed for bis-nitroxides.
17 hydrophilic tetracarboxylate ester pyrroline nitroxides 1 and 2, which serve as models in the search
22 r a variety of structural diversity, such as nitroxide 9,that can, for instance, target tissue compar
23 hyperfine coupling constant of the released nitroxide a(N,SG1), meaning that the stabilization of th
25 raction between the 15N-labeled incarcerated nitroxide and a 14N-labeled free nitroxide in the extern
26 ination of spectroscopically distinguishable nitroxide and gadolinium spin labels and Double Electron
27 applied a dual labeling approach, employing nitroxide and Gd(III) spin labels, in conjunction with Q
29 (*) radical is connected to the PDI with the nitroxide and imide nitrogen atoms either para (1) or me
31 X-ray diffraction analysis of both nitronyl nitroxide and iminonitroxide revealed a complete match o
32 and shifts the equilibrium in the mixture of nitroxide and reference hydroxylamine (3-carboxy-1-hydro
33 larity of both the incarcerated paramagnetic nitroxide and the nitroxides in the external bulk aqueou
37 ing to the formation of the respective imino nitroxides and hydroxylamines via a complex mechanism.
38 Cells cotreated with phenoxazine (or its nitroxide) and a superoxide source were better protected
39 charged guest@host complex (incarcerated 15N nitroxide) and charged molecules in the aqueous phase.
40 f FA, we examined the potential of tempol, a nitroxide antioxidant and a superoxide dismutase mimetic
45 denoting that the oxidant properties of the nitroxides are determined by steric and electronic effec
47 lamine increases at the expense of the imino nitroxide as the ratio [AS](0)/[nitronyl nitroxide](0) i
49 eotides spin-labelled with triazole-appended nitroxides at the 2' position offers a robust and minima
51 behavior in a thermally unswitchable copper-nitroxide based molecular magnet Cu(hfac)2L(i-Pr) paves
55 view of this finding, we synthesized two new nitroxides bearing an exocyclic double bond: 4-methoxyca
57 e, and paracetamol were impregnated with bis-nitroxide biradical (bis-cyclohexyl-TEMPO-bisketal, bCTb
61 the corresponding imino nitroxide, nitronyl nitroxide can discriminate NO from HNO only when present
62 ance (EPR) of biomolecules spin-labeled with nitroxides can offer uniquely sensitive and selective in
63 Rotation of gem-dimethyls in commonly used nitroxides causes spin echo dephasing times (Tm) to be t
64 ablished cardioprotectant, dexrazoxane, or a nitroxide conjugated to a triphenylphosphonium cation, M
65 imidazol-3-oxide- 1-oxyl (3), a new nitronyl nitroxide containing a multifunctional framework of stro
68 curacy of pKa determination for pH-sensitive nitroxides could be achieved regardless of the frequency
69 ic resonance (EPR) experiments show that the nitroxides couple to one another at distances as long as
70 lso explore alternative mechanisms for amine/nitroxide cycling for cases where the alkoxyamines do no
71 hat might, potentially, be involved in amine/nitroxide cycling, as well as several novel pathways pro
72 aspect of these studies is that both Cu(2+)/nitroxide DEER at cryogenic temperatures and T1 relaxati
78 esonance data yield Cu(2+)-Cu(2+) and Cu(2+)-nitroxide distances that are uniquely consistent with on
79 for the R1 relaxation rate, suggesting that nitroxide dynamics remain coupled to the backbone on mem
80 ine variants of N-PGK were labelled with the nitroxide electron spin-label MTSL [(1-oxyl-2,2,5,5-tetr
82 id) (ABTS(+)) radical, as well as the stable nitroxide free radical 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpipe
85 The direct (13)C NMR and EPR spectra of the nitroxide free radicals and the oxoammonium salts, along
87 t as 63 nanoseconds, in a frozen solution of nitroxide free-radicals at temperatures as high as 190 k
88 n of the EPR nitrogen splitting of a dialkyl nitroxide function mounted within the macrocyclic ring.
89 allowing the preparation of a library of the nitroxide functionalized pyrazolines and corresponding m
90 up bulky spirocyclic moieties adjacent to a nitroxide group and provides an important supplementatio
93 yclic C(2)-symmetric chiral pyrrolidine-type nitroxide has been successfully synthesized starting fro
94 sion were observed, with the presence of the nitroxide having no significant impact on the cycloaddit
96 ncarcerated nitroxide and a 14N-labeled free nitroxide in the external aqueous solution was observed
97 spiro dinitroxide biradicals that orient the nitroxides in a rigid, approximately orthogonal geometry
98 surements of local hydration dynamics around nitroxides in bulk water and on the surface of proteins
99 ed the oxidation potential of the respective nitroxides in comparison to electron-donating groups.
102 escence is partially quenched by surrounding nitroxides in the native state; exposure to ascorbate or
103 he distribution of distances between the two nitroxides in the peptides when in solution and when bou
105 y that for both systems triplet quenching by nitroxide induces spin polarization of the radical spin
108 paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) using nitroxides is an emergent imaging method for studying in
109 -PTIO), which yields the corresponding imino nitroxides, is widely used for NO detection (mainly by e
110 e inner loop (residues 401-413), and the EPR nitroxide label revealed ligand-induced conformational d
115 ane that is characterized by the presence of nitroxide labels both at the wheel and at the dumbbell.
117 Monitoring distances between 10 pairs of nitroxide labels distributed across the intracellular re
119 evealed location-dependent reactivity of the nitroxide labels: peripheral nitroxides were much more r
120 trates that HNO readily reacts with nitronyl nitroxides, leading to the formation of the respective i
123 to find a globally minimized arrangement of nitroxide locations that simultaneously satisfied the cr
124 n electrostatic potential through changes in nitroxide magnetic parameters and the degree of rotation
125 ate that this fully isotopically substituted nitroxide markedly improves signal-to-noise ratio and, t
126 n relaxation parameters demonstrate that new nitroxides may be suitable for PELDOR distance measureme
127 formation of alkoxyamines on the fate of the nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP) of styrene.
133 a of the resulting K1 mutants reflect higher nitroxide mobilities than the spectra of analogous mutan
134 exchange interaction between the trityl and nitroxide moieties determines the magnetic field at whic
137 ing that increasing the distance between the nitroxide moiety and methyl groups is effective in lengt
138 ants for collisional quenching of Trp by the nitroxide moiety are approximately 1 / 5 x 10(12) M(-1)
140 es (ROS) was measured using a profluorescent nitroxide molecular probe 9-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylisoindol
141 ork has established that stable paramagnetic nitroxide molecules are excellent probes of intermolecul
143 xide-based spin labels, the structure of the nitroxides must confer reduction resistance to withstand
144 itroxide yields only the corresponding imino nitroxide, nitronyl nitroxide can discriminate NO from H
147 ly blue-colored Ullman imidazolinyl nitronyl nitroxide (NN) mono-radicals have found various applicat
148 es (BDTTh(2)) linked with nitronyl and imino nitroxides (NN and IN) as BDT-NN, BDT-IN, BDTTh(2)-NN, a
151 ascorbate than spirocyclohexane-substituted nitroxides of piperidine series and showed 1.3-3.14 time
153 ly manipulate the oxidizing power of surface nitroxide/oxoammonium redox couple, hence showing the pr
154 310-helical conformation with both nitronyl nitroxide pendants positioned on the same side of the he
155 ,SG1), meaning that the stabilization of the nitroxide played an important role in C-ON bond homolysi
156 th microwaves in the presence of typical bis-nitroxide polarizing agents is utilized for steady-state
157 gh power battery electrodes by hybridizing a nitroxide-polymer redox supercapacitor (PTMA) with a Li-
158 atives were synthesized, each containing the nitroxide probe 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxyl-4-
159 -RE, measured using a nucleotide-independent nitroxide probe and double-electron-electron-resonance s
160 irected spin labeling, a covalently attached nitroxide probe containing a chemically inert unpaired e
163 ctural and dynamic features using a class of nitroxide probes that are linked to chemically substitut
166 ved alkyl radical with a diarylamine-derived nitroxide-proceeds by different mechanisms depending on
168 hed to the cytoplasmic domain of CLS and the nitroxide quencher attached to the lipid bilayer, we sho
169 nthesized two series of compounds in which a nitroxide radical and a fullerene C(60) moiety were kept
170 ements larger than 10 were obtained with bis-nitroxide radical at 14.1 T and low temperature ( approx
171 n ubiquitin in the presence of two different nitroxide radical cosolutes, at multiple static magnetic
172 e examine a family of polythiophenes bearing nitroxide radical groups, showing that while both specie
173 the buffer solution, respectively, and (B) a nitroxide radical partitioning between polar (aqueous) a
174 ected spin labeling (SDSL) utilizes a stable nitroxide radical to obtain structural and dynamic infor
177 arization of solvent molecules that approach nitroxide radical-based spin labels within <5-10 A.
183 recent reports that the coupling factor for nitroxide radicals cannot be quantified due to the diffi
184 TEMPO oxoammonium salts and three homologous nitroxide radicals have been prepared and characterized.
185 cleotide-independent labeling scheme, stable nitroxide radicals were attached to eight specific pRNA
186 pening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), and nitroxide radicals were incorporated at three different
192 es cysteine residues and sulfhydryl-reactive nitroxide reagents, can be challenging for proteins that
193 ascorbate or ascorbate/glutathione leads to nitroxide reduction and a concomitant 2- to 3.5-fold inc
196 t the very beginning of the irradiation; the nitroxide resulting from the trapping of propargyl radic
197 tereomers (R(p) or S(p)) were separated, and nitroxide rotational motions were monitored using electr
198 tic resonance (EPR) spectra, which report on nitroxide rotational motions, were found to vary dependi
205 electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of a nitroxide side chain placed at position 85 or 409 of the
206 directed spin labeling of Ser(155)Cys with a nitroxide side chain, we detected a change in conformati
208 of helices rather than rearrangement of the nitroxide side chains are responsible for observed dista
209 tances and distance changes between pairs of nitroxide side chains introduced in helices at the cytop
210 nce quantum yield between the profluorescent nitroxide species and their nonradical adducts provides
212 of ordered arrays of reorienting isoindoline nitroxide spin centers with variable concentrations thro
215 eta42) to an alternative sequence in which a nitroxide spin label attached to cysteine has been intro
217 lectron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of a nitroxide spin label can be obtained from the Fourier tr
218 xcited porphyrin triplet state (S = 1) and a nitroxide spin label chemically incorporated into a smal
219 a measurement of 140 amol of the most common nitroxide spin label in a approximately 593 fL liquid ce
220 detected by EPR as a change in mobility of a nitroxide spin label positioned near the maltose-binding
222 ectroscopy shows that rotational motion of a nitroxide spin label, placed at the N-terminal end of th
226 ling technology has enabled the insertion of nitroxide spin labels at positions on the surface of the
227 opy, an undecaribonucleotide derivative with nitroxide spin labels at terminal nucleotides was utiliz
228 vative of nonaribonucleotide pUUCGUAAAA with nitroxide spin labels attached to the 5'-phosphate and t
229 magnetic resonance detection and imaging of nitroxide spin labels in an individual macromolecule to
230 ements are the instabilities of the standard nitroxide spin labels in the cell environment and the li
231 d by the short lifetime of the commonly used nitroxide spin labels in the reducing milieu inside a ce
232 osition and sample temperature indicate that nitroxide spin labels on the exterior surface of BtuB, w
233 ibrium distribution of distances between two nitroxide spin labels rigidly attached to the helices of
234 placed, site-specifically attached pairs of nitroxide spin labels to monitor changes in the mini TAR
236 e-helical collagen V mimic (synthesized with nitroxide spin labels) in the active site of the catalyt
238 proximately 7 nm between introduced pairs of nitroxide spin labels, we show that distances are close
239 those observed previously in the presence of nitroxide spin labels, while this phenomenon is signific
243 electron spin resonance from a T (1) = 1 ms nitroxide spin probe in a thin film at 4.2 K and 0.6 T.
244 at 236.6 and 9.5 GHz probed the tumbling of nitroxide spin probes in the lower stem, in the upper lo
247 om representation of the covalently attached Nitroxide spin-label and virtual "solvent" particles cor
249 d spin labeling by resolving rotamers of the nitroxide spin-label side chain in a variety of alpha-he
254 n doing so, this work establishes 2'-alkynyl nitroxide spin-labelling as a minimally perturbing metho
257 nvestigate more carefully the effects of the nitroxide structure on the re-formation rate constant k(
258 possible for most common ESR probes, such as nitroxides, studied at typical ESR frequencies because,
260 The unique reaction of NO with nitronyl nitroxides such as 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetrameth
262 centrations in orthogonally labelled Cu(II) -nitroxide systems using a commercial Q-band EPR instrume
264 IMTSL-PTE) containing a reversibly ionizable nitroxide tag attached to the lipids' polar headgroup.
266 a paramagnetic catalyst (dissolved O2 or the nitroxide Tempo) a slow back conversion into oH2@C60 was
267 agents referred to as TEMTriPols, in which a nitroxide (TEMPO) and a trityl radical are chemically te
268 (-/-) mice a diet supplemented with a stable nitroxide, Tempol, and showed that the progression of ne
270 xchange-coupled biradicals, e.g., the trityl-nitroxides (TNs), possess particular magnetic properties
271 We reasoned that targeting a redox cycling nitroxide to mitochondria could prevent reactive oxygen
272 This was achieved by employing two different nitroxides to build the alkoxyamine moiety, each contain
273 (*)NO(2) oxidizes the nitronyl and imino nitroxides to their respective oxoammonium cations, whic
275 mmon families of persistent organic radicals-nitroxide, triphenylmethyl, verdazyl, phenalenyl, and di
277 echanically blocked on a thread containing a nitroxide unit by a Cu(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycload
278 pling between the two mechanically connected nitroxide units and were analyzed by a model assuming th
279 ious lengths, were coupled with the shifting-nitroxide via an enol ester link and tested against seve
280 avenue for the preparation of profluorescent nitroxides via nitrile imine-mediated tetrazole-ene cycl
281 bility of obtaining multifunctional nitronyl nitroxides via the interaction of paramagnetic lithium d
283 ckbone dynamics could be mapped with SDSL, a nitroxide was introduced at 55 independent sites in a mo
285 monstrated cytoprotective properties of some nitroxides, we probed if cross-dismutation operates in p
286 loping a framework for designing narrow-line nitroxides, we sought to understand the unexpectedly nar
288 activity of the nitroxide labels: peripheral nitroxides were much more reactive than the backbone nit
290 Importantly, the pyrazoline profluorescent nitroxides were shown to efficiently act as sensors for
291 -350) revealed greater immobilization of the nitroxide when compared to that of the N-terminally modi
293 m involving the acid-catalyzed reaction of a nitroxide with a peroxyl radical to yield an oxoammonium
294 c cycle involving the rapid combination of a nitroxide with an alkyl radical to yield an alkoxyamine
295 d by switching the position of fullerene and nitroxide with respect to the peptide nitrogen and carbo
296 d utilizing the reaction of a profluorescent nitroxide with the B-n-butylcatecholboronate ester forme
297 ed by electron interchange reactions between nitroxides with an N-acetyl substituent and oxoammonium
299 (c) values of the cross-coupling reaction of nitroxides with tert-butoxylcarbonyl-2-prop-2-yl radical