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1 tween three and ten myelinated segments (2-9 nodes of Ranvier).
2 yelin sheath and clustered Na(+) channels at nodes of Ranvier.
3 e also displayed severe abnormalities at the nodes of Ranvier.
4 source(s) and targeting of components to PNS nodes of Ranvier.
5 n comparison to the extensive injury seen at nodes of Ranvier.
6 pitalized" on this property and clustered at nodes of Ranvier.
7 that play a crucial role in the formation of nodes of Ranvier.
8 motif is sufficient for protein targeting to nodes of Ranvier.
9 n vertebrates are differentially targeted to nodes of Ranvier.
10 for the myelination and organization of the nodes of Ranvier.
11 at the edges of each myelin segment to form nodes of Ranvier.
12 d loss of Nfasc186 from the AIS but not from nodes of Ranvier.
13 ion and altered distribution of ezrin in the nodes of Ranvier.
14 ence of endogenous and exogenous NG2 at some nodes of Ranvier.
15 ient in the clustering of neurofascin at the nodes of Ranvier.
16 ons, restricting its activity to the AIS and nodes of Ranvier.
17 local acceleration of neurofilaments within nodes of Ranvier.
18 tected in its usual site of concentration at nodes of Ranvier.
19 ntration of voltage-gated sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier.
20 hed adjacent to paranodal loops of myelin in nodes of Ranvier.
21 channels at axon initial segments (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier.
22 yelin instability and disorganization of the nodes of Ranvier.
23 membrane protein diffusion barriers flanking nodes of Ranvier.
24 known about the mechanisms that organize the nodes of Ranvier.
25 ge-gated potassium channels (K(v)1.1) at the nodes of Ranvier.
26 s at specialized regions of the axon, termed nodes of Ranvier.
27 appropriate signaling for the maturation of nodes of Ranvier.
28 n localization of sodium channel proteins at nodes of Ranvier.
29 elinated bipolar cell body and at subsequent nodes of Ranvier.
30 nt endings, ganglionic initial segments, and nodes of Ranvier.
31 axons that have internodes and well-defined nodes of Ranvier.
32 ll (SC) differentiation and formation of the nodes of Ranvier.
33 normally occur only at initial segments and nodes of Ranvier.
34 ries of polarized domains that center around nodes of Ranvier.
35 tion potentials are thought to arise, and at nodes of Ranvier.
36 ay contribute to sodium channel placement at nodes of Ranvier.
37 Myelinated axons are constricted at nodes of Ranvier.
38 concentration of sodium channel complexes at nodes of Ranvier.
39 is the main sodium channel isoform at adult nodes of Ranvier.
40 n some but not all basal laminae, and (3) at nodes of Ranvier.
41 shed NG2, which subsequently associates with nodes of Ranvier.
42 y play a role in sodium channel placement at nodes of Ranvier.
43 ation of paranodal axoglial junctions at the nodes of Ranvier.
44 ule that plays a key role in the assembly of nodes of Ranvier.
45 associated with Caspr, is present in central nodes of Ranvier.
46 l-adhesion molecules at initial segments and nodes of Ranvier.
47 n(G) 480/270-kD at axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier.
48 ck appears directed against the axolemma and nodes of Ranvier.
49 l and 79% of disease-associated IgM positive nodes of Ranvier.
50 immunoreactivity was absent at newly forming nodes of Ranvier.
51 mains at axon proximal segments and possibly nodes of Ranvier.
52 analysis of glial cell insertions at central nodes of Ranvier.
53 plasmamembrane of axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier.
54 o regularly spaced gaps in the myelin called nodes of Ranvier.
55 of ankyrinG and O-GlcNAc immunoreactivity at nodes of Ranvier.
56 paranodal axon-glia junctions that flank the nodes of Ranvier.
57 ominant VGSC in the axon initial segment and nodes of Ranvier.
58 ting neuronal excitability at and around the nodes of Ranvier.
59 ths retract, which results in lengthening of nodes of Ranvier.
60 protein present in axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier.
61 teins that are collectively required to form nodes of Ranvier.
62 nnel clustering at axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier.
63 neurite growth, and shortened the length of nodes of Ranvier.
64 s such as the axon initial segment (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier.
65 m channel that was recently localized to the nodes of Ranvier.
66 correct spatial and temporal assembly of PNS nodes of Ranvier.
67 tients presenting IgG reactivity against the nodes of Ranvier.
68 lustering at axon initial segments (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier.
69 discrete subcellular locations, such as the nodes of Ranvier.
70 concentrated in the axon initial segment and nodes of Ranvier.
71 n be remyelinated and reassemble new AIS and nodes of Ranvier.
72 lustering at axon initial segments (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier.
73 ansiently elevates axoplasmic [C(2+)] around nodes of Ranvier.
74 ustering of voltage-gated sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier.
75 enriched at axon initial segments (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier.
76 n requires accumulation of Na(+) channels at nodes of Ranvier.
77 concentration of those channels at AISs and nodes of Ranvier.
78 l nerves, important for the formation of the nodes of Ranvier.
79 r strategies but different molecules to form nodes of Ranvier.
80 elin thickness, and molecular disruptions at nodes of Ranvier.
81 did not wrap axons tightly and had expanded nodes of Ranvier.
82 velocity by influencing the spacing between nodes of Ranvier.
83 e long-term maintenance of Na(+) channels at nodes of Ranvier.
84 ansport before anchoring them to the AIS and nodes of Ranvier.
85 ) channels in the axonal initial segment and nodes of Ranvier.
86 yelinated axons to cluster Na(+) channels at nodes of Ranvier.
87 nerates a substantial fraction of APs in its nodes of Ranvier.
88 d axons requires Na(+) channel clustering at nodes of Ranvier.
89 chwann cells with high concentrations at the nodes of Ranvier.
90 myelin sheath from Na(+) channels located at nodes of Ranvier.
92 d axons, the myelinated compartments between nodes of Ranvier act as a "reservoir" to slow Na(+) accu
93 embly of the AIS and normal morphogenesis of nodes of Ranvier all require a heretofore uncharacterize
97 However, axon diameter and distances between Nodes of Ranvier also influence signal propagation times
99 e - the perinodal ECM - surrounds the axonal nodes of Ranvier and appears as myelination is completed
100 nkyrinGs of 270 and 480 kDa are localized at nodes of Ranvier and are candidates to couple the voltag
103 other functional domains of axons (e.g. the nodes of Ranvier and axon terminals) whose development d
104 ompact myelin around host axons and restored nodes of Ranvier and conduction velocity as efficiently
105 d to be present within the axolemma at early nodes of Ranvier and deleterious mutations of the alpha(
106 can diffuse into a desheathed nerve, bind to nodes of Ranvier and fix complement in vitro without res
107 calize with SMIT1 and SMIT2 at sciatic nerve nodes of Ranvier and in axon initial segments, and form
108 play a crucial role in the formation of the nodes of Ranvier and in the rapid propagation of the ner
109 ted Na(+) and K(+) channels are clustered at nodes of Ranvier and mediate the transmembrane currents
110 rt of fluorescently tagged components of the nodes of Ranvier and other myelinated axonal domains in
111 tes in vivo, and progressive accumulation at nodes of Ranvier and paranodes during postnatal mouse de
112 at paranodes and incisures of control mice, nodes of Ranvier and paranodes were unaffected in Pals1-
113 oskeleton with betaIV and betaII spectrin at nodes of Ranvier and paranodes, respectively, but that l
114 the lateral organization of proteins at the nodes of Ranvier and pave the way for deeper investigati
115 re interposed between sodium channels at the nodes of Ranvier and potassium channels in the juxtapara
116 KChs at the initial segment, and near/within nodes of Ranvier and presynaptic terminals, dendritic KC
117 ellular matrix (ECM) protein surrounding CNS nodes of Ranvier and proposed to function as (1) an inhi
119 by structural and biochemical alterations at nodes of Ranvier and reduced somatosensory-evoked potent
121 and TfR1 are predominantly localized at the nodes of Ranvier and Schmidt-Lanterman incisures, axonal
122 own, but their processes are in contact with nodes of Ranvier and synapses, suggesting a regulatory r
125 7.2 or Kv7.3, which are instead localized to nodes of Ranvier and the cell bodies of large sensory ne
127 t supports the development and maturation of nodes of Ranvier and the restoration of impulse conducti
128 ing architectural rearrangements such as the nodes of Ranvier and their associated molecular domains.
129 chemistry, we show that AOE elongates the AN nodes of Ranvier and triggers notable perinodal morpholo
130 AnkG is required for assembly of the AIS and nodes of Ranvier and was a transformative innovation in
131 , are involved in axo-glial communication at nodes of Ranvier, and are required for normal action pot
132 set of neurons, a ring-like structure at the nodes of Ranvier, and diffuse staining in the interstiti
133 ochondria at Schmidt-Lanterman incisures and nodes of Ranvier, and impaired sciatic nerve regeneratio
134 protein concentrated in myelinated fibers at nodes of Ranvier, and NF155, the oligodendrocyte-specifi
135 l protein ankyrinG at axon initial segments, nodes of Ranvier, and postsynaptic folds of the mammalia
136 a+ channels are clustered at high density at nodes of Ranvier, and Shaker-type K+ channels are seques
138 contrast, we observed minimal AGAb uptake at nodes of Ranvier, and this structure thus remained vulne
139 e overlapping mechanisms, to explain how the nodes of Ranvier are assembled in both the peripheral an
141 of PNS and CNS nodes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Nodes of Ranvier are essential for effective saltatory c
142 voltage-gated ion channel clustering at the nodes of Ranvier are essential for the rapid saltatory c
148 channels at axon initial segments (AISs) and nodes of Ranvier are required for initiation, propagatio
152 time-dependent manner.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Nodes of Ranvier are the myelin-free gaps along myelinat
154 .1B is implicated in the organization of the nodes of Ranvier as a linker between paranodal and juxta
155 pha-subunits in the juxtaparanodal region of nodes of Ranvier as well as in the axons and terminals o
156 g protein of the extracellular matrix at the nodes of Ranvier, as an age-dependent aggregating protei
157 al dendritic tree-like arbors with excitable nodes of Ranvier at peripheral and branching nodes and e
159 not affect sodium channel clustering at the nodes of Ranvier but alters the location of the Shaker-t
160 c nerve from WAVE1-/- mice, there were fewer nodes of Ranvier but nodal morphology was normal, implic
161 ssed first and becomes clustered at immature nodes of Ranvier, but as myelination proceeds, Na(v)1.6
162 the mobile population do not accumulate near Nodes of Ranvier, but continue to travel anterogradely.
163 as associated with the presence of malformed nodes of Ranvier characterized by an accumulation of axo
164 onal components of axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier, colocalizing with ankyrin-G and voltag
167 zed to cochlear nerve fibers, near the first nodes of Ranvier (D2) and in the inner spiral bundle reg
168 -spectrin, Nav1.6, and the Kv7.3 channels in nodes of Ranvier either dissolved or extended into the p
169 The evolution of ion channel clustering at nodes of Ranvier enabled the development of complex vert
170 nd paranodal junctional components, immature nodes of Ranvier form normally, but rapidly destabilize
172 ease in IgM (immunoglobulin M) deposition at nodes of Ranvier from 5.3+/-3.1% to 28.7+/-8.4% (mean+/-
173 s, i.e., continuous myelinated axons between nodes of Ranvier, from Xenopus laevis sciatic nerves and
176 rlie and are associated closely with nascent nodes of Ranvier, identified by clusters of ankyrin G.
177 formation disrupts the targeting of beta2 to nodes of Ranvier in a myelinating co-culture system and
179 at the distal axon initial segment (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier in a ratio of approximately 40 to 1.
182 linated axons in MS, with Nav1.6 confined to nodes of Ranvier in controls but with diffuse distributi
183 fluxes, Na pumps, mitochondrial motility) at nodes of Ranvier in frog during normal nerve activity.
184 oked PAD is produced by GABA(A) receptors at nodes of Ranvier in Ia afferents, rather than at presyna
185 Here we show both in vivo and ex vivo, that nodes of Ranvier in intramuscular motor nerve bundles ar
186 (Na(+)) channels are highly concentrated at nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons and play a key role
187 av1.6 is the major sodium channel isoform at nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons and, additionally,
188 cities are sensitive to the distance between nodes of Ranvier in myelinated axons have implications f
193 6, clusters voltage-gated sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier in myelinated nerves: here, we investig
195 rons and colocalizes with Na(v)1.6 at mature nodes of Ranvier in myelinated sensory fibers in the dor
196 dapter proteins to axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier in neurons, and betaIV-spectrin dysfunc
197 axons and more myelinated axons with intact nodes of Ranvier in oestrogen receptor beta ligand-treat
198 In this study, developmental analysis of nodes of Ranvier in optic nerve axons reveals that early
199 (NF) and Nr-CAM are localized at developing nodes of Ranvier in peripheral myelinated axons prior to
201 m and potassium (Kv1.1, 1.5) channels at the nodes of Ranvier in peripheral nerves from human, rat an
206 The mechanisms of channel localization at nodes of Ranvier in the CNS during development in both n
209 OLs that express myelin proteins and reform nodes of Ranvier in the context of chronic demyelination
211 ctly influences Na(+) channel distributions, nodes of Ranvier in the hypomyelinating mouse Shiverer w
214 ciation of NG2 cells and astrocytes with the nodes of Ranvier in the optic nerve, corpus callosum, an
215 we examined the development of heminodes and nodes of Ranvier in the peripheral axons of type I ANFs
217 aracterized by high-frequency firing, and at nodes of Ranvier in the PNS and some nodes in the CNS.
219 lination and that the number and location of nodes of Ranvier in the sciatic nerve are determined by
222 ccount for the low level of Na(v)1.6-S21P at nodes of Ranvier in vivo and at the surface of transfect
223 Although NG2(+) cells form associations with nodes of Ranvier in white matter, measurements of conduc
224 annel subtypes are sequentially expressed at nodes of Ranvier, indicating an unexpected regulation in
226 annels at the axon initial segment (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier is essential for the initiation and pro
227 mbrane barrier important for assembly of the nodes of Ranvier is found at the paranodal junction.
230 of voltage-gated sodium (Na(v)) channels at nodes of Ranvier is paramount for action potential propa
231 otential are slowed and the number of mature nodes of Ranvier is reduced, but Na(v)1.6, contactin, ca
232 lear whether continued axon-glial contact at nodes of Ranvier is required to maintain these channels
235 assembly of axon initial segments (AISs) and nodes of Ranvier, it is difficult to uncouple their role
237 re myelinated but show structural defects at nodes of Ranvier, leading to delayed propagation of acti
239 and reassemble the axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier necessary for rapid and efficient actio
240 altatory conduction and abnormalities at the nodes of Ranvier (NOR) interface where myelin and axons
245 find that Na(v)1.6 is highly concentrated at nodes of Ranvier of both sensory and motor axons in the
246 soma membrane, axon, axon terminals, and the nodes of Ranvier of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)
247 is a component of axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier of mature axons in peripheral and centr
248 s directed against axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier of myelinated axons, including the axon
255 egenerated peripheral nerve fibers, and that nodes of Ranvier of these axons display proper sodium ch
256 ous Schwann cells can establish and maintain nodes of Ranvier on central axons for over one year, and
259 in high density at axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier or in regulating the activity of immobi
260 of MBOs to discrete axonal subdomains (i.e. nodes of Ranvier or presynaptic terminals) are poorly un
263 t with neuronal neurofascin; however, Nav at nodes of Ranvier persist, albeit with approximately 40%
264 that TTX-sensitive sodium channels at axonal nodes of Ranvier play a significant role in the secondar
265 ntenance of voltage-gated sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier, possibly by mediating trans interactio
266 sence of CK2 at the axon initial segment and nodes of Ranvier provides a mechanism to regulate the sp
267 TATEMENT Myelinated axons are constricted at nodes of Ranvier, resulting in a marked local decrease i
268 tibodies to neurofascin selectively targeted nodes of Ranvier, resulting in deposition of complement,
269 oskeletons are also required for assembly of nodes of Ranvier.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A periodic axona
271 edJ mice, resulting in delayed maturation of nodes of Ranvier, slowed nerve conduction velocity, redu
272 in the eighth nerve root and in neighboring nodes of Ranvier stained for unmasked glucuronic acid 3-
273 and Caspr2 also resulted in widening of the nodes of Ranvier, suggesting that Caspr2 (which is prese
274 aracteristics between human, rat, and bovine nodes of Ranvier suggests an essential role for this def
275 for mitochondrial function is high, such as nodes of Ranvier, synapses, and active growth cones.
276 that P0 is also important for organizing the nodes of Ranvier that occupy the gaps in the insulation.
277 show that TRAAK is localized exclusively to nodes of Ranvier, the action potential propagating eleme
278 rations in myelin organization affecting the nodes of Ranvier, the Schmidt-Lanterman incisures, and C
279 of myelinating Schwann cells project to the nodes of Ranvier; their composition and physiologic func
280 ed essential for Na(+) channel clustering at nodes of Ranvier to facilitate fast and efficient action
281 ions, which may explain the vulnerability of nodes of Ranvier to neurofilament accumulations in anima
282 nnels cluster in macromolecular complexes at nodes of Ranvier to promote rapid nerve impulse conducti
284 r axonal NF in clustering of Na+ channels at nodes of Ranvier via interactions with receptors on Schw
285 g excess paranodal loops, and the density of nodes of Ranvier was reduced, relative to control mice.
287 1l3 affecting the structures at and near the nodes of Ranvier were significantly downregulated during
289 Neurofilament transport is accelerated at nodes of Ranvier, where axons are locally constricted.
291 sodium channels within the axon membrane at nodes of Ranvier, where their presence supports saltator
292 enriched at axon initial segments (AISs) and nodes of Ranvier, where they are necessary for generatio
293 are restricted to axon initial segments and nodes of Ranvier, where they are responsible for initiat
294 high density of Na(v)1.6 at the newly formed nodes of Ranvier which were flanked by paranodal Caspr s
295 to normalization of the organization of the nodes of Ranvier, which is typically deficient in CMT4C
296 channels are clustered in high densities at nodes of Ranvier, while K(+) channels are found in juxta
297 at axon initial segments and colocalized at nodes of Ranvier with ankyrinG and the voltage-dependent
299 on, the AP depolarizing wave invades initial nodes of Ranvier within a fraction of a millisecond and
300 (3) and that NG2-positive processes contact nodes of Ranvier within the nodal gap at the location of