ライフサイエンスコーパス: noxious

1 ntal exposures (such as allergens, antigens, noxious agents and microorganisms) at barrier tissues.

2 burdens worldwide and are caused by inhaled noxious agents including tobacco smoke.

3 Noxious agents such as reactive oxygen species or alkyla

4 g cells to readily respond to infections and noxious agents while avoiding the inappropriate sensing

5 and respond swiftly to penetrating microbes, noxious agents, and injurious stimuli.

6 ypic plasticity in response to infectious or noxious agents, characterized by substantially lower exp

7 ive roles against luminal microbes and other noxious agents.

8 Unsaturated oxidative formaldehyde is a noxious aldehyde in cigarette smoke that causes edematou

9 nd that TMC-1 is required for worms to avoid noxious alkaline environment.

10 Avoidance of noxious ambient heat is crucial for survival.

11 lveolar cells with exposure to environmental noxious and carcinogenic agents.

12 utility in the storage and capture of other noxious and corrosive gases.

13 tracranial-dural and extracranial-cutaneous (noxious and innocuous) somatosensory stimulation, reflec

14 PA1, known to function as chemical sensor of noxious and irritant signaling.

15 o light touch without affecting responses to noxious and itch stimuli.

16 TRPV1 channels support the detection of noxious and nociceptive input.

17 We show that both noxious and non-noxious general anesthetics inhibit agon

18 Here we show that a diverse range of noxious and non-noxious volatile anesthetics, at clinica

19 nociceptive neurons specialized in detecting noxious and painful stimuli.

20 time task and provided perceptual ratings of noxious and tactile stimuli.

21 ral basis for designing drugs to counter the noxious and vasorelaxant properties of general anestheti

22 These noxious anesthetics activate transient receptor potentia

23 persistence of male C. elegans copulation in noxious blue light.

24 ntial for optogenetics as they lack possibly noxious Ca(2+) permeability.

25 antinociceptive relief against a subsequent noxious challenge from formalin injection into the same

26 um is continuously exposed to a multitude of noxious challenges in inhaled air.

27 own as the wasabi receptor) is a detector of noxious chemical agents encountered in our environment o

28 aintaining a role for TRPV1 as a detector of noxious chemical cues.

29 8 and functions as a potent inhibitor of the noxious chemical receptor TRPA1.

30 cation channel TRPA1 transduces a myriad of noxious chemical stimuli into nociceptor electrical exci

31 gonists suppress the overall withdrawal from noxious chemical stimuli through a pathway requiring an

32 semi-permeable diffusion barrier against the noxious chemicals and harmful substances present in the

33 The basic mechanisms underlying noxious cold perception are not well understood.

34 We developed Drosophila assays for noxious cold responses.

35 ior and improved sensorimotor responses to a noxious cold stimulus.

36 ng the detection of temperature ranging from noxious cold to noxious heat.

37 The visceromotor response (VMR) evoked by noxious colorectal distension was used to assess the imp

38 permeation barrier to protect the cell from noxious compounds (1)(,)(2) .

39 ane serves as a permeability barrier against noxious compounds in the external environment.

40 non-replicating infections or non-microbial noxious compounds in tissues.

41 tinal pathogen Vibrio cholerae must overcome noxious compounds that damage the bacterial outer membra

42 Because both moth taxa contain noxious compounds, we conclude they are mutual Mullerian

43 ality of such water sources is threatened by noxious contaminants, of which heavy metals represents a

44 The reflux of noxious contents of the stomach may cause oesophageal an

45 neurons in sensing both innocuous and acute noxious cooling down to 1 degrees C, while Na(V)1.8-posi

46 ges respond to microbial ligands and various noxious cues by initiating an inflammatory response aime

47 hat cooperate to convey thermal, tactile and noxious cutaneous signals from the spinal cord to the la

48 1.7 in resected human appendix stimulated by noxious distending pressures.

49 However, while the noxious distension-induced VMR was attenuated in the pre

50 igins, it is likely that they share the same noxious effect on the brain.

51 ibute to disease propagation as it may exert noxious effects on neighboring cells.

52 s titrate their nicotine intake to avoid its noxious effects, sensitivity to which may influence vuln

53 a flexed position to minimize exposure to a noxious electrical stimulation (shock).

54 luate brain activation to an innocuous and a noxious electrical stimulus on healthy human subjects (n

55 eurogenic inflammation typically produced by noxious electrophiles.

56 tudy, energy consumption, greenhouse gas and noxious emissions for five after-market dual fuel config

57 ties that is induced in response to multiple noxious environmental stimuli and disease states.

58 sites and aid in the clearance of toxins and noxious environmental stimuli from the host, the type 2

59 scratching, to expel invading pathogens and noxious environmental stimuli.

60 provide host protection against a variety of noxious environmental substances and parasitic infection

61 ts, activate bacterial adaptive responses to noxious environments.

62 improved discrimination between tactile and noxious events occurs [2, 11, 12].

63 s, infants display a distinct, long latency, noxious evoked 18-fold energy increase in the fast delta

64 nts born by vaginal delivery will show lower noxious-evoked brain activity a few hours after birth co

65 , we record electrophysiological measures of noxious-evoked brain activity following the application

66 Furthermore, we found that the magnitude of noxious-evoked brain activity is inversely correlated wi

67 We demonstrate that noxious-evoked brain activity is related to the mode of

68 tivity is concomitant with the refinement of noxious-evoked limb reflexes.

69 tivity following the application of a mildly noxious experimental stimulus in 41 infants born by eith

70 es lining the presumptive binding pocket for noxious GAs are not required for the inhibitory effects

71 However, site-specific delivery of this noxious gas presents a major challenge in hospital setti

72 results reveal the potential binding mode of noxious general anesthetics at TRPA1.

73 We show that both noxious and non-noxious general anesthetics inhibit agonist-evoked trans

74 Noxious heat (55 degrees C) induced significantly greate

75 ain reports during meditation in response to noxious heat and administration of the opioid antagonist

76 els play important roles in the detection of noxious heat and in inflammatory thermal hyperalgesia.

77 anipulation control condition in response to noxious heat and intravenous administration of the opioi

78 Here we show that noxious heat and irritant chemicals elicit robust escape

79 d receptor TRPV2 is involved in detection of noxious heat in a subpopulation of high-threshold nocice

80 annel is a prototypical molecular sensor for noxious heat in mammals.

81 .7 (in NaV 1.8-expressing neurons) regulates noxious heat pain threshold and that this can be recapit

82 quirement for NaV 1.7 in regulating somatic (noxious heat pain threshold) but not in visceral pain si

83 odality-dependent manner, modulating somatic noxious heat pain, but is not required for visceral pain

84 eIF2alpha is instrumental in the control of noxious heat sensation.

85 lso express the Ca(2+)-permeable channel and noxious heat sensor TRPV1, which can activate ANO1.

86 essential for sustaining the transmission of noxious heat signals.

87 s essential for avoidance behavior following noxious heat stimulation by modifying the forward-to-rev

88 d the membrane localization of Nav1.7 during noxious heat stimulation, enabling the sustained firing

89 The noxious heat stimuli could not evoke the sustained actio

90 our data reveal a core function for TRPA1 in noxious heat transduction, demonstrate its conservation

91 etector of pain-producing stimuli, including noxious heat, acid, inflammatory mediators, and vanilloi

92 ted by painful stimuli such as capsaicin and noxious heat, and enriched in sensory neurons of the pai

93 ion of toxins while pain sensations, such as noxious heat, signal adverse conditions to ward off harm

94 nd remarkably, is also robustly activated by noxious heat.

95 of temperature ranging from noxious cold to noxious heat.

96 ctural elements sufficient for activation by noxious heat.

97 2alpha(+/S51A)) exhibit reduced responses to noxious heat.

98 ith ST-2262 exhibited reduced sensitivity to noxious heat.

99 crucial for mammals to sense and respond to noxious heat.

100 nnels, including capsaicin, mustard oil, and noxious heat.

101 em, where it is involved in the detection of noxious heat; however, owing to the lack of potent and s

102 either planarian or human TRPA1 can restore noxious-heat avoidance to TRPA1-mutant Drosophila, altho

103 utant Drosophila flies are also defective in noxious-heat responses.

104 We show that the integration of noxious information depends on the morphology of the ter

105 iceptive synapse and enhance the transfer of noxious information to higher brain regions, thus contri

106 othesise that the human infant brain encodes noxious information with different neuronal patterns com

107 In this respect diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC) are a unique form of

108 n second-order neurons (SONs), developmental noxious input modifies transmission from nociceptors to

109 This pathway was unresponsive to noxious input, and has been broadly implicated in valuat

110 ration of appropriate defensive responses to noxious input.

111 Coordinated responses to noxious inputs manifest from a balance of descending fac

112 of zebrafish OXT neurons respond strongly to noxious inputs, including the activation of damage-sensi

113 e parasitism for the efficient management of noxious insects in the field.

114 nd functions as a first-line defense against noxious insults.

115 erior cingulate cortex (ACC) correlated with noxious intensities, and optogenetic modulation of ACC n

116 ngs to the Solanaceae family, is a worldwide noxious invasive weed and is listed as one of the top 10

117 vity of Ipomoea purpurea (Convolvulaceae), a noxious invasive weed.

118 Inhalation of noxious irritants/pollutants activates airway nociceptiv

119 However, PUFAs are susceptible to the noxious lipid peroxidation (LPO) chain reaction, which i

120 The gastric refluxate is a noxious material that injures the esophagus and elicits

121 d determination of the pesticides (and other noxious materials) in different real food samples.

122 NaV 1.7 did not affect afferent responses to noxious mechanical and chemical stimuli in nerve-gut pre

123 e microRNA cluster continuously scales acute noxious mechanical sensitivity in nociceptive neurons an

124 ve greatly advanced our understanding of how noxious mechanical stimuli are detected in mammals.

125 ity and wind up ratio (temporal summation of noxious mechanical stimuli).

126 For example, in response to noxious mechanical stimuli, MRGPRD- and TRPV1-positive n

127 determinant of aversive rolling responses to noxious mechanical stimuli.

128 Here, we discuss recent progress in noxious mechanosensation and highlight new behavioral me

129 l dysfunction, all of which may perpetuate a noxious microenvironment leading to pain.

130 their model is absent, avoidance learning of noxious models is disrupted (Batesian mimicry [3]), or r

131 ognize the molecular surfaces of potentially noxious molecules to mount an adaptive immune response o

132 ion to causing light and noise pollution and noxious odors.

133 Importantly, we show that noxious or cooling agents inhibit the activity of GRPR n

134 pically display sensitized responses to both noxious or normally innocuous stimuli.

135 muscle, no matter whether the stimulation is noxious or not, activates the sympathetic nervous system

136 most amphibian species produce or sequester noxious or toxic secretions in the granular glands of th

137 ble for the transduction and transmission of noxious (painful) stimuli and innocuous stimuli that do

138 In visceral organs of mammals, most noxious (painful) stimuli as well as innocuous stimuli a

139 mbrane damage inflicted by the pathogens and noxious particles they ingest.

140 f the opioid antagonist naloxone potentiates noxious peripheral input into the spinal cord and dramat

141 populations based on their responsiveness to noxious peripheral stimulation and neurochemical profile

142 Noxious pH triggers pungent taste and nocifensive behavi

143 s, we found that afferent activity evoked by noxious pinch in these preparations was conveyed to cent

144 Nevertheless, noxious pollutants evoke sympathoexcitation (tachycardia

145 tivity in response to a clinically essential noxious procedure.

146 pain are generally thought to represent the noxious properties of an agent but can be influenced by

147 filaments that span the subthreshold to high noxious range for Drosophila larvae.

148 forward and feed even when presented with a noxious repellant, with AIB inhibition decreasing the re

149 ngulate cortex (PCC) was observed during the noxious sensation.

150 However, noxious sensory signals from visceral organs produce hyp

151 mpared EEG responses to the same time-locked noxious skin lance in infants aged 0-19 days (n = 18, cl

152 ncluding tail autotomy, colour patterns, and noxious skin secretions.

153 our and specific cortical activity following noxious skin stimulation, but it is not known whether br

154 out of a series of oriented gratings with a noxious sound stimulus.

155 deceitfully imitating the warning signals of noxious species (models), generates striking cases of ph

156 targeting of the pathways that lead to these noxious species may result in valuable therapeutic strat

157 patry, often to avoid predation by mimicking noxious species.

158 Our findings suggest that the noxious stimulation activates the pre-motor cortex with

159 ndergraduates were tested for sensitivity to noxious stimulation alone and/or together (dyads).

160 neurons in the spinal cord during peripheral noxious stimulation and recruits microglial cells to pro

161 it, but most reports focus on the effects of noxious stimulation in anesthetized female rats.

162 rain regions that are active following acute noxious stimulation in newborn infants, and compared the

163 rons of the spinal cord and, upon peripheral noxious stimulation in the presence of spinal TNF-alpha,

164 Brain activity evoked by noxious stimulation is therefore enhanced by stress, but

165 ring innocuous, moderately more intense, and noxious stimulation of an amputee's phantom limb using t

166 rents as well as the behavioural response to noxious stimulation of the colon, primarily via GABA(A)

167 We tested whether noxious stimulation of the corneal surface can alter ner

168 pain circuit, is activated more strongly by noxious stimulation of the face than of the hindpaw.

169 Since noxious stimulation usually leads to the perception of p

170 d responses to chemoreceptor stimulation and noxious stimulation were blunted compared to WT mice.

171 s (cells responding with an excitation after noxious stimulation) of the rostral ventromedial medulla

172 ain a hind leg in a flexed position to avoid noxious stimulation.

173 ion in sensitivity to mechanical and thermal noxious stimulation.

174 or escape behaviors and aversive learning to noxious stimulation.

175 nce suggests that nerve fibers responding to noxious stimuli (nociceptors) modulate immunity in a var

176 on, in healthy mice increases sensitivity to noxious stimuli (referred to as 'pain') without general

177 However, in the majority of cases, noxious stimuli activate multiple terminals; thus, the o

178 inhalation and intravenous injection of the noxious stimuli allyl isothiocyanate (AITC).

179 are responsive to a variety of modalities of noxious stimuli and can signal pain even when activated

180 rsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons that detect noxious stimuli and elicit pain.

181 lp to predict how nociceptive neurons encode noxious stimuli and how this encoding changes in patholo

182 cortex potently suppresses SpVc responses to noxious stimuli and produces behavioral hypoalgesia.

183 orsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons that detect noxious stimuli and signal pain.

184 relevant doses affects the ability to detect noxious stimuli and therefore should be considered when

185 e disorder characterized by insensitivity to noxious stimuli and variable intellectual disability (ID

186 Aggression and responsiveness to noxious stimuli are adaptable traits that are ubiquitous

187 Here, we show that graded encodings of noxious stimuli are categorized in a decision-associated

188 pain hypersensitivity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Noxious stimuli are detected by terminal endings of prim

189 the ACC to increase the aversive response to noxious stimuli at anatomically unrelated sites.

190 The ion channel TRPA1 detects noxious stimuli at the plasma membrane of neurons and el

191 whereby noradrenaline may suppress incoming noxious stimuli at the primary synaptic afferents in the

192 Activation of nociceptor sensory neurons by noxious stimuli both triggers pain and increases capilla

193 distal limbs have a high spatial acuity for noxious stimuli but a low density of pain-sensing neurit

194 fit trait that defends against pathogens and noxious stimuli but whose overactivation can result in i

195 vating nociceptor sensory neurons respond to noxious stimuli by initiating protective responses inclu

196 within the vasculature and tissue respond to noxious stimuli by sending out coordinated signals that

197 s specialized to detect painful or otherwise noxious stimuli can respond to bacterial pathogens.

198 All three types of noxious stimuli caused a depletion of CGRP from corneal

199 Noxious stimuli evoke a range of acute and long-lasting

200 nent of the cellular mechanism through which noxious stimuli evoke pain.

201 al nerves, indicating that all modalities of noxious stimuli evoked peptide release.

202 e body, are the first stage of communicating noxious stimuli from the periphery to central nervous sy

203 he mechanisms underlying the transduction of noxious stimuli from the viscera, suggest that the inves

204 S1 axon terminals increases the response to noxious stimuli in ACC neurons.

205 ascending pain pathway occurred during acute noxious stimuli in healthy individuals.

206 anism for noradrenaline to modulate incoming noxious stimuli in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.

207 vel NPVF-vRN functional circuit modulated by noxious stimuli in vertebrates.

208 Hyperalgesia is an exaggerated response to noxious stimuli produced by peripheral or central plasti

209 We also observed that repetitive noxious stimuli resulted in adaptation of the signal.

210 ts identify the amygdalar representations of noxious stimuli that are functionally required for the n

211 in, and suppress the overall withdrawal from noxious stimuli through a pathway requiring the opioid-l

212 scription of the processing of innocuous and noxious stimuli throughout the intact DH.

213 All animals must detect noxious stimuli to initiate protective behavior, but the

214 sture (e.g., escape behaviors in response to noxious stimuli vs freezing in response to fear-evoking

215 Many organisms respond to noxious stimuli with defensive maneuvers.

216 nociceptors (sensory neurons that respond to noxious stimuli), and that blocking its synthesis would

217 ls, allowing rapid, coordinated responses to noxious stimuli, as well as to bacterial and fungal path

218 hibited normal behavioral responses to acute noxious stimuli, but subsequent to partial sciatic nerve

219 b neurons augments the autonomic response to noxious stimuli, ensuring sufficient glucose mobilizatio

220 hronic pain: it is initiated by a variety of noxious stimuli, has indefinite duration, and pain appea

221 The TRPV1 channel is a detector of noxious stimuli, including heat, acidosis, vanilloid com

222 that detect odors, tastants, pheromones, and noxious stimuli, including receptors of the odor recepto

223 Cutaneous TRPV1(+) neurons directly sense noxious stimuli, inflammatory cytokines, and pathogen-as

224 detect and encode the information regarding noxious stimuli, is crucial in determining pain sensatio

225 creasingly greater pain evoked by repetitive noxious stimuli, is highly variable between individuals.

226 nociceptors, the sensory neurons that detect noxious stimuli, leading to pain and itch.

227 The ability to detect noxious stimuli, process the nociceptive signal, and eli

228 eurons and vRN are suppressed and excited by noxious stimuli, respectively.

229 is normally attenuated after elimination of noxious stimuli, restoration of homeostasis and initiati

230 During noxious stimuli, serotonergic neurons activation was due

231 To escape noxious stimuli, such as parasitoid wasp attacks, Drosop

232 ulation in freely behaving mice encountering noxious stimuli, we identified a distinct neural ensembl

233 For both innocuous and noxious stimuli, we observed a signal change in the prim

234 Application of noxious stimuli, which often signal the need to mobilize

235 behaviors without altering the detection of noxious stimuli, withdrawal reflexes, anxiety, or reward

236 oxytocin (OXT) neurons in the processing of noxious stimuli.

237 or cell viability during exposure to various noxious stimuli.

238 arly stage of lung inflammatory responses to noxious stimuli.

239 O mice responded normally to a wide array of noxious stimuli.

240 ugmented glucose mobilization in response to noxious stimuli.

241 sent a way for dopamine to modulate incoming noxious stimuli.

242 unicate to us their perceived levels of such noxious stimuli.

243 or for heat, acidic pH, capsaicin, and other noxious stimuli.

244 e in thermosensation and perception of other noxious stimuli.

245 udes the whole spectrum from gentle touch to noxious stimuli.

246 mucosal tissues and protects organisms from noxious stimuli.

247 ective mechanism, the cornea is sensitive to noxious stimuli.

248 osure of cardiomyocytes to hypoxia and other noxious stimuli.

249 eption to both thermal and chemical visceral noxious stimuli.

250 and humans display two types of response to noxious stimuli.

251 intercellular communications in response to noxious stimuli.

252 nsory neurons that are activated by painful (noxious) stimuli.

253 nctional ASICs, are insensitive to acid as a noxious stimulus and show diminished avoidance of acidic

254 cingulate cortex (ACC) corresponding to the noxious stimulus condition.

255 ggests that movement of the limb away from a noxious stimulus is a sensitive indication of nociceptiv

256 ty.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The intensity of a noxious stimulus is encoded by the frequency of action p

257 To fulfill these functions, a noxious stimulus might induce a percept which, in turn,

258 movement is a defensive strike targeted to a noxious stimulus on the abdomen.

259 lects the sensorimotor transformation of the noxious stimulus, with some neurons encoding sensory inf

260 t reprogram mouse and human fibroblasts into noxious stimulus-detecting (nociceptor) neurons.

261 Transcripts of noxious stimulus-detecting TrpA1 channels are alternativ

262 rsion to formalin injection, an inflammatory noxious stimulus.

263 Off food, animals reverse away from a noxious stimulus.

264 diovascular responses during an experimental noxious stimulus.

265 atory, we identified and selectively labeled noxious-stimulus-activated PBL neurons and performed com

266 cal and behavioral response to satiation and noxious/stressful stimuli are not well understood.

267 mediating associations between anorectic and noxious/stressful stimuli.

268 eal lumen, and therefore greater exposure to noxious substances in refluxate.

269 nmental factors, including diet, exposure to noxious substances, and microorganisms.

270 Noxious substances, called algogens, cause pain and are

271 appropriate defense against parasitic worms, noxious substances, toxins, venoms, and environmental ir

272 imary sensors of environmental irritants and noxious substances.

273 ls and IgE can help protect the host against noxious substances.

274 ty barrier to prevent unrestricted access of noxious substances.

275 ociceptive activity, but also facilitate non-noxious tactile activity in the healthy adult rat spinal

276 ific bursts of activity occur in response to noxious, tactile, visual, and auditory stimulation [7-10

277 exhibits a high-temperature threshold in the noxious temperature range above 50 degrees C.

278 While thermosensors activated by noxious temperatures respond to hot or cold, many innocu

279 mosquitoes aggregated on the cue at all non-noxious temperatures.

280 s involvement was significantly stronger for noxious than for tactile stimuli.

281 dal ion channel involved in the detection of noxious thermal and chemical stimuli by primary afferent

282 Differential encoding of innocuous and noxious thermal and mechanical stimuli were also detecte

283 Nociceptive responses to select noxious thermal and mechanical stimuli were enhanced fol

284 Behavioral responses to some noxious thermal and mechanical stimuli were enhanced in

285 Its noxious thermal sensitivity makes it an important partic

286 Main effects of noxious thermal stimulation were observed across several

287 that the AWC(OFF) signals adapt to repeated noxious thermal stimuli and quantify the corresponding b

288 neurons suppresses nociception to an acute, noxious thermal stimulus, whereas photoinhibition potent

289 fect motor activity, anxiety or responses to noxious thermal stimulus.

290 with the behavioral observation of increased noxious thermal thresholds and enhanced inflammatory the

291 lt of short-term low-grade interactions with noxious thermal, chemical, or mechanical sources to more

292 a variety of nociceptive stimuli, including noxious touch and temperature, with stereotyped escape r

293 s mechanical but not acute chemical itch nor noxious touch information.

294 depolarization by KCl, increased response to noxious TRPV1 and TRPA1 agonists and also upregulated th

295 ivated intermediate and deep laminae whereas noxious vFHs (26 g) also activated the superficial lamin

296 show that a diverse range of noxious and non-noxious volatile anesthetics, at clinically relevant con

297 hermal grill illusion (TGI), alternating non-noxious warm and cold temperatures cause a paradoxical,

298 y fostering the establishment of an emerging noxious weed.

299 ng Saccharum spontaneum L., a listed Federal Noxious Weed.

300 eceptor (EP3R) antagonism in vlPAG modulated noxious withdrawal reflex (EMG) thresholds to preferenti