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1 B was performed using linear staplers during open surgery.
2 n involves endo-urological interventions and open surgery.
3 ns by 11% (HR 0.89, 0.85-0.94) compared with open surgery.
4 performed with nearly identical standards to open surgery.
5 tive hypercapnia and acidosis, compared with open surgery.
6 ality rate was 6.6% with TEVAR and 8.0% with open surgery.
7  be lower after laparoscopic IPAA than after open surgery.
8 scular revascularization and lower extremity open surgery.
9 om environment during minimally invasive and open surgery.
10 perative arterial blood gases, compared with open surgery.
11 ients had laparoscopic surgery and 19.5% had open surgery.
12 ity, and lower cost than those obtained with open surgery.
13  and reported undergoing either a robotic or open surgery.
14 ns are fewer in laparoscopic surgery than in open surgery.
15 ermined using ultrasound imaging followed by open surgery.
16 f patients who underwent laparoscopic versus open surgery.
17 threshold of 10-14 lymph nodes compared with open surgery.
18 r hospital stay and fewer complications than open surgery.
19 c aortic stenosis who are not candidates for open surgery.
20 n demonstrated to provide similar results of open surgery.
21  warm ischemia time, to levels comparable to open surgery.
22 er postoperative complications compared with open surgery.
23 omparable with those reported previously for open surgery.
24  outcome seem to accrue more slowly than for open surgery.
25 ng the same oncologic principles as those of open surgery.
26 re laparoscopy might provide advantages over open surgery.
27 rs equivalent long-term oncologic results to open surgery.
28 shown to duplicate the oncologic outcomes of open surgery.
29 d reinterventions and hospitalizations after open surgery.
30 overall preservation of immune function than open surgery.
31 TE is lower after laparoscopic compared with open surgery.
32 ognosis, especially those who have undergone open surgery.
33 acoscopic surgery compared with those having open surgery.
34 erwise would be considered too high risk for open surgery.
35 itial hospitalization after laparoscopic and open surgery.
36 h protracted recovery and attendant risks of open surgery.
37  and oncologic outcomes appear equivalent to open surgery.
38 cious, and may have particular benefits over open surgery.
39 ts underwent conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery.
40 oscopic index surgery and 50 751 (70.2%) had open surgery.
41                 There were no conversions to open surgery.
42 mparable, and, in some measures, superior to open surgery.
43 ssociated with conversion of laparoscopic to open surgery.
44 t its cure rates do not approximate those of open surgery.
45 ve perforations and only four conversions to open surgery.
46 ubset should be treated with arthroscopic or open surgery.
47 e after an endovascular procedure than after open surgery.
48 ad cytopathologic analysis, and 31 cases had open surgery.
49 which is best, and both attempt to eliminate open surgery.
50              There were three conversions to open surgery.
51 ts and compared with conventional data after open surgery.
52 %) underwent MIS and 5,766 (96.6%) underwent open surgery.
53 or patients undergoing minimally invasive vs open surgery.
54 er time to functional recovery compared with open surgery.
55 ; P<0.001), with a corresponding decrease in open surgery.
56 rgoing RDP, 75 (3.1%) required conversion to open surgery.
57 sted surgery to conventional laparoscopic or open surgery.
58                 The tenth SLN was excised by open surgery.
59 ing of incisions with confined dissection in open surgery.
60 ngle maneuver application, and conversion to open surgery.
61                      Three patients required open surgery.
62 ) were less common with robotic surgery than open surgery.
63  aneurysm rupture are endovascular repair or open surgery.
64  palliated by timely endovascular therapy or open surgery.
65 e technique as there are no differences with open surgery.
66 d similar oncological outcomes compared with open surgery.
67 however, one complication was reported after open surgery.
68 0.883 (0.540 to 1.441) for MIE compared with open surgery.
69 of race and insurance with use of MIS versus open surgery.
70 lity of resveratrol application suitable for open surgery.
71 g 23,274 patients, 39% underwent MIS and 61% open surgery.
72 ed with better outcomes and lower costs than open surgery.
73 riers could save between $328 and $680 after open surgery.
74 ity rate was 5.1% for MIPD versus 3.1% after open surgery.
75 ee and overall survival similar to those for open surgery.
76 ment of patients who are not eligible for an open surgery.
77 fficult and more expensive than traditional "open" surgery.
78     None of the cases required conversion to open surgery (0%).
79 over a 5-year period, were also higher after open surgery (0.64% vs. 0.29%, P < 0.001).
80 ents (84%) and were more frequent than after open surgery (10 of 21 patients [48%]; P=0.011).
81  Fifty-two patients underwent arthroscopy or open surgery 12 days to 5 months after MR arthrography.
82 laparoscopy, 12.28; 95% CI, 11.37 to 13.19 v open surgery, 12.05; 95% CI, 11.14 to 12.96; adjusted me
83 T-Cx total score were identified between the open surgery (129.3 [SD 18.8]) and minimally invasive su
84                                Conversion to open surgery (14 vs. 5, p = 0.002) and complications (17
85                                        After open surgery, 187 (68.2%) of 274 patients went home and
86 ntly higher for endovascular repair than for open surgery ($20,716 vs $18,484; P <.001).
87 c and East North Central regions compared to open surgery (29.3% vs. 21.4%; 20.1% vs. 16.1%; p = 0.00
88 significantly lower after LGM, compared with open surgery (3.3% vs 5.7%, P = 0.005), as well as in-ho
89                  There were 4 conversions to open surgery (3.7%), all due to bleeding.
90 ia), 107 were treated (65% endovascular, 30% open surgery, 5% amputation), 16 were pending treatment,
91 nt between groups; retching was higher after open surgery (56% vs. 6%; P = 0.003).
92 were higher for endovascular repair than for open surgery (6.74 vs 6.52 and 39,785 dollars vs 37,606
93 copy, 5; interquartile range [IQR], 4 to 9 v open surgery, 7; IQR, 5 to 11 days; P=.033).
94 al modalities, there was a 35.4% decrease in open surgeries, a 3.5 fold increase in laparoscopic surg
95 series, LVHR had a low rate of conversion to open surgery, a short hospital stay, a moderate complica
96 site infection rate by 70%-80% compared with open surgery across general abdominal surgical procedure
97 going robotic surgery vs 80 (IQR, 72-83) for open surgery (adjusted difference, 2.2 days [95% CI, 0.5
98 edural complications requiring conversion to open surgery among TA-TAVR patients, and the presence of
99 olar electrodes have become indispensable in open surgeries and have been the focus of extensive rese
100 st 5 years after surgery are $2350 following open surgery and $970 after laparoscopy.
101 re analyzed from 3468 patients who underwent open surgery and 3502 patients who underwent laparoscopi
102 r laparoscopy and standard care (LS), 17 for open surgery and fast track care (OFT), and 20 for open
103                           Conversion rate to open surgery and mortality did not differ significantly
104        There were no emergency conversion to open surgery and neither were there postoperative explor
105 urgery and fast track care (OFT), and 20 for open surgery and standard care (OS).
106 n margin, 2 (9.1%) experienced conversion to open surgery, and 15 (68.2%) also developed SR.
107 ated medically, 1,706 patients who underwent open surgery, and 3,457 patients who underwent thoracic
108 692 did not have aneurysmal repair, 1917 had open surgery, and 451 had endovascular procedures.
109 sex, increasing age, increasing comorbidity, open surgery, and a provisional diagnosis of idiopathic
110 partial nephrectomy are still carried out by open surgery, and concerns continue about prolonged isch
111 t options that span conservative management, open surgery, and endovascular procedures.
112 mally invasive radical hysterectomy than for open surgery, and postoperative quality of life is simil
113 ompared with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy), open surgery, and resection before 2014 were associated
114        Exclusion criteria included scheduled open surgery, any antalgic World Health Organization lev
115 raoperative adverse events and conversion to open surgery are the strongest risk factors for serious
116  and only one patient required conversion to open surgery as a result of an unmanageable air leak.
117 troperitoneal surgery (step 2); If necessary open surgery as a third step.
118       Endovascular repair (EVR) has replaced open surgery as the procedure of choice for patients req
119             Endovenous ablation has replaced open surgery as the treatment of choice for truncal vari
120 chnique (RKT) versus patients performed with open surgery at all US centers including our own (open k
121                      The Annotated Videos of Open Surgery (AVOS) data set includes 1997 videos from 2
122  for curable colon cancer is not inferior to open surgery based on long-term oncologic endpoints from
123 ease who are poor candidates for traditional open surgery because of severe comorbidity.
124 sts are innovating not only replacements for open surgeries, but entirely new therapies as well.
125 8 (4.3% [4.1-4.5]) of 50 751 patients in the open surgery cohort (p<0.0001).
126 18.2% [17.8-18.6]) of 50 751 patients in the open surgery cohort (p<0.005).
127 related to adhesions in the laparoscopic and open surgery cohorts at 5 years.
128                       Compared with non-mesh open surgery (colposuspension), mesh procedures had a lo
129               Hospital stay was longer after open surgery compared with laparoscopic and robotic, and
130           Time to defecation was longer with open surgery compared with laparoscopic and robotic.
131 year incidence rate of aSBO was higher after open surgery compared with laparoscopic surgery for each
132                           The rate of use of open surgery decreased by half (60.1% in period 2 to 30.
133 ercutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureteroscopy or open surgery depending on the size and location of the s
134         Although 5.2% of patients undergoing open surgery developed OSI (odds ratio = 1.82; 95% confi
135 LKT group, four cases required conversion to open surgery due to vascular complications and one for u
136 s), diabetes mellitus, preoperative abscess, open surgery, emergent operations, and prolonged operati
137 e and hospital revascularization experience, open surgery first was associated with a worse amputatio
138 ination of gamma-detection modalities and an open surgery fluorescence camera.
139 00002575), investigating laparoscopic versus open surgery for colon cancer.
140  MRC-CLASICC trial (laparoscopic-assisted vs open surgery for colorectal cancer) included prospective
141 red to conventional laparoscopic surgery and open surgery for commonly performed pediatric urological
142 nd oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic versus open surgery for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors
143 roach is a safe and effective alternative to open surgery for IBD management.
144 rysms has been proposed as an alternative to open surgery for juxtarenal and pararenal abdominal aort
145 sted decompression may offer advantages over open surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis.
146 randomized trials comparing laparoscopic and open surgery for rectal cancer have reported long-term s
147               Laparoscopy was noninferior to open surgery for rectal cancer in terms of individual qu
148  the oncologic safety of laparoscopic versus open surgery for rectal cancer with conflicting results.
149  parastomal hernia following laparoscopic or open surgery for rectal cancer.
150 astomal hernia following laparoscopic versus open surgery for rectal cancer.
151  odds of extended length of stay compared to open surgery for spinal nerve sheath tumor resection.
152 iority of laparoscopic surgery compared with open surgery for successful resection was not establishe
153 s a cost-effective alternative compared with open surgery for the elective repair of AAA.
154 roscopic surgery, occasionally combined with open surgery for the IVC control aspect of the procedure
155                          Conversion rates to open surgery for the RFA and resection group were 2% ove
156  recurrence rates between video-assisted and open surgery for the treatment of recurrent pneumothorax
157       FEVAR has emerged as an alternative to open surgery for treating cAAA, but direct comparisons a
158 efore it can be offered as an alternative to open surgery for unilateral mesial temporal lobe epileps
159 ule, may be the procedure of choice, barring open surgery, for help in diagnosis of these conditions.
160 m 104 patients were randomly assigned to the open surgery group (n=51) or to the laparoscopy group (n
161 rgery group and in 234 patients (99%) in the open surgery group (risk difference of -0.4% [95% CI, -1
162 rgery group and in 228 patients (97%) in the open surgery group (risk difference of -3.7% [95% CI, -7
163  surgery group and 216 patients (92%) in the open surgery group (risk difference of -5.4% [95% CI, -1
164  surgery group and 208 patients (89%) in the open surgery group (risk difference of -7.0% [95% CI, -1
165                     21 (43%) patients in the open surgery group and 16 (31%) patients in the laparosc
166 t analysis (244 [78%] of 312 patients in the open surgery group and 252 [79%] of 319 participants in
167  patients were enrolled; 312 assigned to the open surgery group and 319 assigned to the minimally inv
168  weeks after surgery (128.7 [SD 19.9] in the open surgery group vs 130.0 [19.8] in the minimally inva
169 he postoperative length of hospital stay for open surgery group was on average 1.3 days longer than t
170 stoperative complications (all higher in the open surgery group).
171  toward more persistent fat stranding in the open surgery group.
172 ified intention-to-treat analyses (49 in the open surgery group; 51 in the laparoscopy group).
173 n the laparoscopic-surgery group than in the open-surgery group (39.0 percent vs. 33.4 percent; adjus
174  laparoscopic-surgery group and 83.6% in the open-surgery group (difference, 3.1 percentage points; 9
175  laparoscopic-surgery group and 70.8% in the open-surgery group (difference, 4.0 percentage points; 9
176 rgery group had less pain initially than the open-surgery group on the day of surgery (difference in
177 he laparoscopic-surgery group and 345 in the open-surgery group).
178  by either laparoscopy (group L, n = 282) or open surgery (group O, n = 384), were compared.
179 to be 47.4% and 18.0% in the laparoscopy and open surgery groups, respectively.
180                                 Conventional open surgery has a low death rate, but complications are
181                                              Open surgery has been partially supplanted by thoracic e
182                                     However, open surgery has demonstrated better success rates and s
183 covery provided by laparoscopy over standard open surgery have not been rigorously assessed.
184 f endovascular grafts compared with standard open surgery have not yet been fully defined.
185 t-term outcomes between these techniques and open surgery have shown equivalent results; however, sur
186 ce to conclude that laparoscopic surgery and open surgery have similar outcomes in rectal cancer is l
187 metastases to undergo either laparoscopic or open surgery in a 2:1 ratio.
188 lculated for endovascular repair relative to open surgery in a cohort of 70-year-old men with an AAA
189 for redo surgery should be considered for an open surgery in a high-volume center.
190                            The high rates of open surgery in certain procedures highlight opportuniti
191 tal cancer did not differ significantly from open surgery in effects on 2-year recurrence or DFS and
192 procedures are potentially beneficial versus open surgery in elderly, very high-risk patients but tha
193  performed with efficacy and safety equaling open surgery in highly specialized centers.
194 port further evaluation as an alternative to open surgery in intermediate-risk patients.
195 rectomy is a well-established alternative to open surgery in living donors for kidney transplantation
196 treatment offers a lower risk alternative to open surgery in many patients with multiple comorbiditie
197  and complications and has replaced standard open surgery in more than half of patients.
198  surgery for colon cancer is as effective as open surgery in terms of oncological outcomes and preser
199 d and appears safe but direct comparisons to open surgery in terms of respiratory complications are a
200 with colorectal cancer (CRC) and the role of open surgery in the association.
201 ould be considered as a valid alternative to open surgery in the evaluation and management of orbital
202 y for cancer of the colon is as effective as open surgery in the short term and is likely to produce
203  surgery for colon cancer is as effective as open surgery in the short term.
204 rovides distinct advantages over traditional open surgery, including less pain, shorter recovery and
205 creases rates of complications compared with open surgery, independent of preoperative comorbid facto
206 esults are better in short-term outcome than open surgery, irrespective of the hospital of treatment.
207 the benefits of laparoscopy still exist when open surgery is optimized within an ERP.
208 tine application of antiadhesion barriers in open surgery is safe and cost-effective.
209                                     Although open surgery is the main treatment for proximal aortic r
210 ough the short-term mortality advantage over open surgery is well documented, late mortality and the
211                       However, compared with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery imposes greater ergon
212           Patients were grouped by approach [open surgery, laparoscopic surgery, and robotic surgery
213 horter postoperative length of stay than did open surgery (mean stay, 3.4 vs 8.0 days; P <.001) and a
214           While it is currently assumed that open surgery minimizes operating room staff exposure to
215                   Male surgeons converted to open surgery more often than female surgeons in acute ca
216 increased to 10.2% with TEVAR and 17.5% with open surgery, mostly for complicated cases.
217 eurysm with endovascular repair (n = 182) or open surgery (n = 274) between January 1997 and Septembe
218 10% vs. 7%, P =0.5), including conversion to open surgery (n=1), accessory upper pole artery transect
219  comparing curative laparoscopic (n=136) and open surgery (n=142) for upper, mid, and low rectal canc
220  to receive laparoscopic-assisted (n=526) or open surgery (n=268).
221 ndovascular revascularization (N=14,353) and open surgery (N=8601).
222 A total of 204 patients (laparoscopy, n=103; open surgery, n=101) were recruited from 12 UK centers f
223 in the trial (laparoscopic surgery: n = 133; open surgery: n = 147).
224 s in estimated blood loss and conversions to open surgery occurred after 20 cases (600 mL vs 250 mL [
225 s higher for patients undergoing MIPD versus open surgery (odds ratio = 1.87, confidence interval: 1.
226 ce was not associated with use of MIS versus open surgery [odds ratio [OR] 0.90, P = 0.07).
227 er laparoscopic resection (LR) compared with open surgery [open resection (OR)] for colorectal cancer
228 omy (DP) performed by laparoscopy (LapDP) or open surgery (OpenDP) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcino
229  use of lower extremity vascular procedures (open surgery or endovascular intervention) in the year b
230 ith repair of unruptured aneurysms by either open surgery or endovascular procedures.
231 e stimulation of nerves without the need for open surgery or the implantation of battery-powered puls
232 ation (OR 9.33; P < 0.001) and conversion to open surgery (OR 3.095; P = 0.002) were identified as ri
233 nt (OR = 2.63; 1.89-3.66), and conversion to open surgery (OR = 4.12; CI: 2.47-6.89) were all risk fa
234         The aim of this study was to compare open surgery (OS) with laparoscopic surgery (LS) for per
235 n the previously reported learning curve for open surgery (p<0.001).
236 IPAA demonstrated a lower conversion rate to open surgery (P=0.02), a shorter hospital stay (P=0.04),
237                        In addition, on POD1, open surgery patients for all 3 indications had signific
238  significantly greater and occurs earlier in open surgery patients.
239                                              Open surgery persists at high rates, especially in pancr
240                             When compared to open surgery, preservation of functional hepatic volume
241 NTS: The study team programmatically queried open surgery procedures on YouTube and manually annotate
242 ze of the defect should be an indication for open surgery procedures.
243                                              Open surgery remains the gold standard.
244                                     Although open surgery remains the most common approach, robotic t
245 idely accepted option for most renal tumors, open surgery remains the standard in managing tumors wit
246 short-term benefit compared with traditional open surgery remains unclear.
247                      Participants undergoing open surgery reported worse quality of life vs robotic s
248 tients are considered unfit for conventional open surgery, requiring a cardiopulmonary bypass and hyp
249 /161 [18%] vs 25/156 [16%] after robotic and open surgery, respectively) and overall mortality (23/16
250  220 patients reported having had robotic or open surgery, respectively.
251 increasingly popular alternative approach to open surgery, resulting in a paradigm shift in liver sur
252 digital cameras, along with the unstructured open surgery scene, makes this task uniquely challenging
253                                Conversion to open surgery should be considered for significant bleedi
254                                          Yet open surgery still has its place.
255                        Nonetheless, in 2012, open surgery still remained the preferred surgical treat
256 y also carried the inherent disadvantages of open surgery, such as postoperative pain, wound complica
257 , breast size, operative time, conversion to open surgery, systemic complications, postoperative skin
258                                        After open surgery the mortality was 30%; after endovascular p
259 he laparoscopic group required conversion to open surgery; their data were analyzed within the laparo
260 procedures in many surgical specialties from open surgeries to endoscopic ones.
261  in technique for radical prostatectomy from open surgery to minimally invasive robotic-assisted lapa
262 gies for interventions in recent years, from open surgery to minimally invasive surgical and endoscop
263 onservative therapy has evolved from complex open surgery to minimally invasive ureteroscopic therapy
264 ration of accessible, intelligent tools into open surgery to provide actionable insights.
265 the RADP group did not require conversion to open surgery unlike the LDP group (16%, P < 0.05) and ha
266 eatment for chronic lower extremity ischemia-open surgery versus endovascular-is again in flux.
267 nd recurrence-free survival by surgery type (open surgery vs arthroscopic synovectomy), and prespecif
268 garding the effect of the surgical approach (open surgery vs minimally invasive surgery [MIS]) on the
269 ccurrence of both SSI types were identified: open surgery (vs laparoscopic) and current smoker.
270                                              Open surgeries was videoed and surgeon hands were tracke
271 me, following endovascular procedures versus open surgery was 0.23 (95% CI: 0.13, 0.43).
272     The conversion rate from laparoscopic to open surgery was 9%.
273          In patients undergoing cAAA repair, open surgery was associated with higher overall survival
274                                Conversion to open surgery was defined as creation of an incision of m
275                                              Open surgery was required in 3 (10%) patients in the lap
276                                Conversion to open surgery was required in 3 patients (IVa, VI, and VI
277 ergoing video-assisted surgery compared with open surgery was similar between non-randomised and rand
278                          Patients undergoing open surgery were included in a cross-sectional study an
279                  Three conversions (3.6%) to open surgery were necessary during laparoscopic mobiliza
280  (2013-2018) treated with curative intent by open surgery were studied.
281  predictors of conversion of laparoscopic to open surgery were the body mass index (BMI) (odds ratio
282 tryker imaging instruments for endoscopy and open surgery were used in the study.
283 on (COLOR) and rectal (COLOR II) cancer with open surgery, were analyzed.
284 based approach or as a hybrid technique with open surgery, which is being studied in early feasibilit
285                An important role remains for open surgery, which is effective, well tolerated and imp
286 e, which can be treated endoscopically or by open surgery, which is more effective but complications
287 associated with postoperative infertility in open surgery, which may be caused by pelvic adhesions af
288 er, R-IPAA reduced the risk of conversion to open surgery while reducing intraoperative blood loss an
289 empt to mimic the techniques and outcomes of open surgery, while maintaining the advantages of reduce
290 ut early outcomes appear to be comparable to open surgery with decreased patient morbidity.
291 cedures that represent a good alternative to open surgery, with good 12-month follow-up patency resul
292 ssigned at a ratio of 1:1 to laparoscopic or open surgery within an ERP, stratified by center, cancer
293 -assisted surgery compared with conventional open surgery within the context of the UK MRC CLASICC tr
294 can provide oncologic outcomes equivalent to open surgery without an increased risk of carcinomatosis
295                    EVAR has largely replaced open surgery worldwide for anatomically suitable aortic

 
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