ライフサイエンスコーパス: organophosphate

1 2+) with each other and with each individual organophosphate.

2 fipronil have been used as replacements for organophosphates.

3 resistant to pyrethroids but susceptible to organophosphates.

4 DDT) but fully susceptible to carbamates and organophosphates.

5 may be associated with exposure to specific organophosphates.

6 el for carbamates and full susceptibility to organophosphates.

7 n preventing lipid oxidation and detoxifying organophosphates.

8 structurally related to pyrethroids, such as organophosphates.

9 hemical biosensor for paraoxon as a model of organophosphates.

10 or chlorpyrifos, 2.3 (95% CI: 0.98, 5.3) for organophosphates, 2.1 (95% CI: 0.9, 4.8) for pyrethroids

11 Organophosphates account for many of the world's deadlie

12 h standard deviation increase of use for two organophosphates (acephate and oxydemeton-methyl) and th

13 nd manganese fungicides) and five individual organophosphates (acephate, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, mala

14 The organophosphate acid anhydrolase (OPAA) is a member of a

15 that the enzyme may be resistant to dead-end organophosphate aging reactions that permanently inactiv

16 n be explained in part by exposure of GWV to organophosphate and carbamate acetylcholinesterase inhib

17 Acute organophosphate and carbamate pesticide poisonings resul

18 ion of organochlorine, synthetic pyrethroid, organophosphate and carbamate pesticide residues in frui

19 rase biosensor and its application to detect organophosphate and organocarbamate pesticides.

20 mbiae We report evidence in An. gambiae that organophosphate and organochlorine resistance is conferr

21 le uranium phosphates via the addition of an organophosphate and promote the development of reducing

22 Gut microbes were shown to degrade organophosphates and cause intestinal dysfunction.

23 f traces of different pesticides (triazinic, organophosphates and chlorurates) present in hydrophobic

24 many of the same neuropeptide targets as the organophosphates and concordance analysis showed signifi

25 anti-electrostatic anion-anion homodimers of organophosphates and cyanostar macrocycles was investiga

26 o constrain processes that may have produced organophosphates and evaluates both the plausibility of

27 ent catalysts of the breakdown of neurotoxic organophosphates and have great potential as both biothe

28 t microbiome-mediated diabetogenic nature of organophosphates and hence that the usage of these insec

29 r nerve targets are acetylcholinesterase for organophosphates and methylcarbamates, the nicotinic ace

30 d risks under acute and chronic exposures to organophosphates and neonicotinoids.

31 arget for the developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates and other neurotoxicants, and further,

32 Organophosphates and pyrethroids are the most common cla

33 s (chloroacetanilides, triazines, carbamates organophosphates) and two pesticide types (herbicides, i

34 on SVOCs (e.g., brominated flame retardants, organophosphates, and phthalates) and in house dust extr

35 sses:bisphenol A, polychlorinated biphenyls, organophosphates, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers.

36 pollutants including hazardous nitrophenols, organophosphates, and polychlorinated arenes and hydroca

37 estational pesticide exposures, particularly organophosphates, and provides novel results of ASD and

38 P for organisms that cannot directly access organophosphates, and thereby increase marine biological

39 Organophosphates are the most frequently and largely app

40 r 550 (FM 550), Firemaster 600 (FM 600), and organophosphate aryl ester technical mixtures have been

41 Using xanthene dyes and organophosphates as target molecules, we found the trans

42 Proximity to organophosphates at some point during gestation was asso

43 iae in Burkina Faso, pyrethroid bednets with organophosphate barriers achieved significantly higher k

44 osphate (TDCIPP) is a high-production volume organophosphate-based plasticizer and flame retardant wi

45 ive potentially neurotoxic pesticide groups (organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoid

46 on of different pesticide classes, including organophosphates, carbamates, triazoles and pyrethroids

47 Most of the organophosphate chemical warfare agents are a mixture of

48 Organophosphate chemicals (OPs), which form the basis of

49 s elevated among women who had ever used the organophosphates chlorpyrifos [HR=1.4 (95% CI: 1.0, 2.0)

50 ore the targeting of neuroactive peptides by organophosphates (chlorpyrifos, diazinon), an organochlo

51 We compared organophosphates (chlorpyrifos, diazinon), an organochlo

52 neonicotinoid, imidacloprid, but not by the organophosphate chlorpyriphos, which does not affect NF-

53 The organophosphate class of compounds includes common herbi

54 The organophosphate class of insecticides increased snail ab

55 essed with cumulative exposure scores for 34 organophosphates combining an historical crop-exposure p

56 FM550 and its organophosphate components increased human PPARgamma1 tr

57 Here, we treated brain explants with the organophosphate compound paraoxon and uncovered a unique

58 nted of PAF acetylhydrolase reacted with the organophosphate compound paraoxon via its active site Se

59 al flame retardant mixture of brominated and organophosphate compounds applied to polyurethane foam u

60 Organophosphate compounds are heavily used in agricultur

61 rapid, sensitive and selective detection of organophosphates compounds.

62 The pyrethroid tau-fluvalinate and the organophosphate coumaphos have been used for Varroa cont

63 anophosphate hydrolase (OPH), encoded by the organophosphate degradation (opd) island, hydrolyzes the

64 In previous studies of the organophosphate degradation gene cluster, we showed that

65 tabolomic analyses reveal that gut microbial organophosphate degradation produces short chain fatty a

66 lactonase (PLL) family that show promiscuous organophosphate-degrading activity.

67 phate-induced hyperglycemia, mediated by the organophosphate-degrading potential of gut microbiota.

68 iated enzyme that plays an important role in organophosphate detoxification and prevention of atheros

69 Sex-specific effects of organophosphate diazinon on the gut microbiome and its m

70 the commonly used pyrethroid bifenthrin and organophosphate dimethoate were compared in active ingre

71 to facilitate transport of Pigenerated from organophosphates due to the combined action of OPH and p

72 phosphate) were readily degraded into a mono-organophosphate (e.g., adenosine monophosphate) during h

73 The presence of organophosphate ester (OPE) flame retardants and plastic

74 that mimic the properties of the more common organophosphate ester metabolite yet are not readily deg

75 Levels of 13 organophosphate esters (OPEs) and 45 brominated and chlo

76 two important families of plastic additives (organophosphate esters (OPEs) and bisphenols) and other

77 error of +/-2.4%, was applied to a range of organophosphate esters (OPEs) and polymers with varying

78 Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are applied as additive fl

79 Volatile methylsiloxanes (VMSs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) are two suites of chemical

80 Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are widely used as flame r

81 ters, brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) by clothing from indoor ai

82 dants (AFRs), such as FireMaster 550, and of organophosphate esters (OPEs) has increased.

83 Many organophosphate esters (OPEs) have been reported to prim

84 halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), and 19 organophosphate esters (OPEs) in air around Las Cruces (

85 The concentrations of six organophosphate esters (OPEs) in atmospheric particle ph

86 Precise determination of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in the environment is cruc

87 This study is the first to report organophosphate esters (OPEs) in the study area.

88 Organophosphate esters (OPEs) including triphenyl phosph

89 for phthalates, phthalate alternatives, and organophosphate esters (OPEs) or their metabolites.

90 Eleven organophosphate esters (OPEs) were detected in surface w

91 Atmospheric concentrations of 11 organophosphate esters (OPEs) were measured in an urban

92 Organophosphate esters (OPEs) were measured in atmospher

93 Fourteen organophosphate esters (OPEs) were measured in the filte

94 d for 36 polybrominated diphenyl ethers, six organophosphate esters (OPEs), and two alternative bromi

95 These flame retardants included organophosphate esters (OPEs), brominated flame retardan

96 s polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs), which were not manufactur

97 s of flame retardants: brominated (BFRs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs).

98 tember 21-28, 2013) and were analyzed for 12 organophosphate esters (OPEs; current-use plasticizers a

99 domonas diminuta catalyzes the hydrolysis of organophosphate esters at rates close to the diffusion l

100 the direct nucleophile in the hydrolysis of organophosphate esters by PTE.

101 stband concentrations of several phthalates, organophosphate esters, and brominated flame retardants.

102 nds (r(s) = 0.50-0.71; p < 0.01) for several organophosphate esters.

103 ving sugars, nucleic acids, amino acids, and organophosphate esters.

104 yzing a broad range of substrates, including organophosphates, esters, and carbonates.

105 We studied the association between organophosphate exposure and cognitive performance in vi

106 Two reports agree that increased levels of organophosphate exposure in utero result in greater numb

107 elopmental disorder with increased levels of organophosphate exposure.

108 pidemiologic evidence has focused largely on organophosphate exposures, while research on other pesti

109 osphate (TDCIPP) is a high-production-volume organophosphate flame retardant (OPFR) that induces epib

110 The organophosphate flame retardant, triphenyl phosphate (TP

111 mobisphenol A (TBBPA), and three chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants (ClOPFRs), tris(1,3-dic

112 gates the occurrence of 37 organohalogen and organophosphate flame retardants (FRs) from Norwegian ho

113 s), and emerging flame retardants, including organophosphate flame retardants (OPEs).

114 The occurrence and fate of 14 triester organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and plasticizer

115 ng chlorinated alkyl and nonchlorinated aryl organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) as well as arom

116 nitiated heterogeneous oxidation kinetics of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) coated on inert

117 Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) had the highest

118 Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) were the most c

119 d health impacts associated with particulate organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), which are ubiq

120 in an increased use of and human exposure to organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs).

121 Organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) are becoming pop

122 Organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) are widely used

123 rom animal studies suggests that exposure to organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) can disrupt endo

124 Organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) have been propos

125 We compared the human exposure to organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs) via inhalation,

126 polyurethane foam are commonly treated with organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs), including tris(

127 . strain TCM1 that is capable of hydrolyzing organophosphate flame retardants was determined.

128 and deposition of emerging chemicals such as organophosphate flame retardants, which are ubiquitous i

129 Chronic treatment of mice with organophosphate for 180 days confirms the induction of g

130 ed obstacle for proposed models of prebiotic organophosphate formation.

131 ding polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organophosphate FRs (OPFRs), and novel brominated FRs (n

132 mothers, was as important for the intake of organophosphate FRs as dust ingestion.

133 In addition, a mixture of nonhalogenated organophosphate FRs that included triphenyl phosphate (T

134 rals, is widely viewed as a major barrier to organophosphate generation.

135 Some of the most toxic organophosphates have been adapted for use as chemical w

136 Several organophosphates have been shown to interact as mixtures

137 onmental influence (e.g. from air pollution, organophosphates, heavy metals) in ASD, and some of the

138 e which consists of elastin-like-polypeptide-organophosphate hydrolase (ELP-OPH), bovine serum albumi

139 taine) (pCB) polymer, the bioavailability of organophosphate hydrolase (OPH) was significantly increa

140 durans ), we designed an extremely efficient organophosphate hydrolase (OPH) with broad substrate spe

141 Organophosphate hydrolase (OPH), encoded by the organoph

142 Curiously, a promiscuous organophosphate hydrolase activity is observed in all th

143 It has also been implicated as an organophosphate hydrolase, with the ability to hydrolyze

144 Organophosphate hydrolases are proficient catalysts of t

145 ed in the rational design of next-generation organophosphate hydrolases that are capable of selecting

146 active sites and guide the future design of organophosphate hydrolases that hydrolyze compounds with

147 promiscuity drove the parallel divergence of organophosphate hydrolases within these lactonase famili

148 s such as serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and the organophosphate-hydrolyzing lactonase SsoPox are unable

149 quantification and degradation of selective organophosphates (i.e diethyl chlorophosphate, diethyl c

150 rapid detection and quantitation of relevant organophosphates in neutral water.

151 Mitigating the effects of organophosphates in our bodies is critical and yet an un

152 of diabetes among people directly exposed to organophosphates in rural India (n = 3080).

153 TiO2NFs was employed to enrich organophosphates in the nanocomposite due to its strong

154 f-target serine hydrolase inhibition include organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy and disruptio

155 confirm the involvement of gut microbiota in organophosphate-induced glucose intolerance.

156 to understand the role of gut microbiota in organophosphate-induced hyperglycemia and to unravel the

157 gluconeogenesis as the key mechanism behind organophosphate-induced hyperglycemia, mediated by the o

158 significantly (P<0.05) with exposure to the organophosphate insecticide fonofos, after correction fo

159 utants ofB. diminutafailed to grow using the organophosphate insecticide methyl parathion as sole sou

160 uapula Province, from 2014 to 2016 using the organophosphate insecticide pirimiphos-methyl.

161 ol on apple crops was dominated by intensive organophosphate insecticide regimes to control tortricid

162 This substantially eliminated organophosphate insecticide use by 2001, replacing it wi

163 alities of the increasing organochlorine and organophosphate insecticide use in the United States pos

164 an carvacrol, while vapors of dichlorvos (an organophosphate insecticide) were 445 times more potent

165 ic acid; maternal rubella infection; and the organophosphate insecticide, chlorpyrifos.

166 The wide agricultural use of diazinon, an organophosphate insecticide, has raised serious environm

167 Prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate insecticide, is associated with neurobeh

168 We compared two organophosphate insecticides (chlorpyrifos, diazinon) wi

169 ct modification was observed for three other organophosphate insecticides (coumaphos, terbufos, and p

170 yzes the triester bond found in a variety of organophosphate insecticides and nerve agents.

171 organochlorine insecticide dieldrin; and the organophosphate insecticides diazinon, malathion, and pa

172 The involvement of organophosphate insecticides in cognitive disorders is s

173 These include organophosphate insecticides that inhibit acetylcholines

174 Use of several organophosphate insecticides was associated with elevate

175 Three organophosphate insecticides were significantly associat

176 e observed association of organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides with diabetes is consistent

177 esticides, in particular, organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides, may be associated with inc

178 dation of the neurodevelopmental toxicity of organophosphate insecticides; documentation of links bet

179 Inherent AChE-R overproduction under organophosphate intoxication confers both short-term pro

180 nomethyl phosphonate, a smaller non-aromatic organophosphate, is observed only for the smaller alpha-

181 erexpression increases susceptibility to the organophosphate malathion, presumably due to conversion

182 These findings identified organophosphate-mediated early and lasting synaptotoxici

183 It measured urinary concentrations of organophosphate metabolites [dimethylphosphate (DMP), di

184 The dimethyl organophosphate metabolites had the highest 95th percent

185 phosphates, histidinol phosphate, and common organophosphate metabolites.

186 noids imidacloprid and clothianidin, and the organophosphate miticide coumaphos oxon, cause a depolar

187 icotinoids (nicotinic receptor agonists) and organophosphate miticides (acetylcholinesterase inhibito

188 The formation of organophosphate molecules by prebiotic processes relies

189 nsport and intracellular hydrolysis of small organophosphate molecules is an important mechanism for

190 d for Pd-catalyzed ortho-acetoxylation using organophosphates, namely, benzylic phosphonic and aryl p

191 portant development in countering weaponized organophosphate nerve agents and detecting commercially-

192 talloenzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of organophosphate nerve agents at rates approaching the di

193 efficient enzymes for the detoxification of organophosphate nerve agents.

194 report a route to synthesize a wide range of organophosphates of biological significance in a deep eu

195 yrethroids, carbamates, organochlorines, and organophosphates) of public health insecticides limits e

196 in some populations frequently treated with organophosphates, old and new control options are being

197 e Smu. 1393c catalyzes the hydrolysis of the organophosphate omethoate (kcat/Km of (2.0 +/- 1.3) x 10

198 to determine the effect of exposure such as organophosphates on central nervous system, which alters

199 bstrates and explores the effect of selected organophosphates on their enzyme mimetic activity.

200 been shown to exhibit activity against both organophosphate (OP) and lactone compounds.

201 light mass spectrometry reveal 122 different organophosphate (OP) and organofluorophosphate (OFP) spe

202 We analyzed those samples for 19 organophosphate (OP) and pyrethroid pesticides.

203 ed electrodes to construct a novel gas phase organophosphate (OP) biosensor.

204 ped as a tool for biomonitoring exposures to organophosphate (OP) compounds, e.g., insecticides and c

205 Organophosphate (OP) esters bind covalently to the activ

206 Early-life organophosphate (OP) exposures elicit neurobehavioral de

207 Although recent usage of organophosphate (OP) flame retardants has increased subs

208 rase activity but are unusually resistant to organophosphate (OP) inhibitors.

209 and are implicated in the detoxification of organophosphate (OP) insecticides.

210 Organophosphate (OP) intoxications from nerve agent and

211 Intoxication by organophosphate (OP) nerve agents and pesticides should

212 lectrochemical detection of opioid (OPi) and organophosphate (OP) nerve agents on a single patch plat

213 he possible effect of early-life exposure to organophosphate (OP) on pediatric respiratory health is

214 Susceptibility to organophosphate (OP) pesticide neurotoxicity may be grea

215 Widely used organophosphate (OP) pesticides can induce oxidative str

216 is limited that long-term human exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides, without poisoning, is a

217 g bioscavenger candidate to treat or prevent organophosphate (OP) poisoning.

218 A new class of amidine-oxime reactivators of organophosphate (OP)-inhibited cholinesterases (ChE) was

219 AChE) intended to catalyze the hydrolysis of organophosphate (OP)-inhibited hAChE in the CNS.

220 Organophosphates (OPs) are used worldwide as pesticides.

221 The organophosphates (OPs) form a covalent bond with -OH gro

222 rbon nanotubes (fMWCNT) for the detection of organophosphates (OPs) in real samples.

223 ution of resistance to insecticides, such as organophosphates (OPs), is a serious and growing concern

224 ly mandated phase-out of residential uses of organophosphates (OPs), use of and potential for human e

225 utyrylcholinesterase, are primary targets of organophosphates (OPs).

226 shows no cross-reaction with other analogous organophosphates or metal salts.

227 ganochlorine [OR=2.7 (95% CI: 1.8, 4.0)] and organophosphate [OR=2.0 (95% CI: 1.3, 3.0)] insecticides

228 d (dexamethasone, used in preterm labor), an organophosphate pesticide (chlorpyrifos), or nicotine.

229 Organophosphate pesticide (OP) exposure has been associa

230 Organophosphate pesticide (OP) exposure to the U.S. popu

231 reported consistent associations of prenatal organophosphate pesticide (OP) exposure with poorer cogn

232 thalate metabolites, phenolic compounds, and organophosphate pesticide (OP) metabolites.

233 D) was fabricated for sensitive detection of organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos in the food chain

234 The sensor was applied to detect the sample organophosphate pesticide ethylparaoxon and organocarbam

235 Research on organophosphate pesticide exposure and neurodevelopment

236 ential adverse associations with gestational organophosphate pesticide exposure, or that dietary expo

237 Organophosphate pesticide exposures, nitric oxide syntha

238 nts to test the system were chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide, and tetrabromobisphenol A, a

239 vity of AChE is inhibited by the presence of organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), the subsequent thioch

240 tive monitoring of p-nitrophenyl substituted organophosphate pesticides (OPs) in aqueous system was d

241 nsor was successfully used to quantify three organophosphate pesticides (OPs) in milk samples.

242 Accurate analysis of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) with portable devices r

243 the detection and discrimination of several organophosphate pesticides (OPs).

244 ts ability to catalyze the detoxification of organophosphate pesticides and chemical warfare agents.

245 no associations between prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and cognition at 1-5 years of

246 ne associations between prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and neurodevelopment.

247 Organophosphate pesticides are frequently used to elimin

248 riculture and military activities, while non-organophosphate pesticides are mostly used in agricultur

249 rometry and validated for estimation of five organophosphate pesticides at trace levels in six fruits

250 Strong evidence now supports the notion that organophosphate pesticides damage the fetal brain and pr

251 In our cohort, exposure to organophosphate pesticides during pregnancy was not asso

252 ability of causation, in the European Union, organophosphate pesticides were the largest contributor

253 and three quaternary ammonium/three neutral organophosphate pesticides) were successfully analyzed w

254 Three organophosphate pesticides, chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, an

255 were estimated for chemicals (methylmercury, organophosphate pesticides, lead) and a variety of medic

256 hree environmental chemicals (methylmercury, organophosphate pesticides, lead), the results suggest t

257 veloping high-performance sensors monitoring organophosphate pesticides, primarily due to their broad

258 ialkylphosphates, nonspecific metabolites of organophosphate pesticides, were measured.

259 Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides, which is ubiquitous, may be

260 s on in-utero exposure to organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides.

261 viation increase in toxicity-weighted use of organophosphate pesticides.

262 polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorines, organophosphates, phenols, metals, and other environment

263 e mechanism we propose may be a paradigm for organophosphate:phosphate antiporters.

264 capsule suspension formulations (CS) of the organophosphate pirimiphos methyl were evaluated as IRS

265 the impact of a single round of IRS with the organophosphate, pirimiphos-methyl (Actellic 300CS), on

266 lopment of prophylactic therapeutics against organophosphate poisoning and other important targets.

267 Organophosphate poisoning can occur from exposure to agr

268 properties and prophylactic efficacy against organophosphate poisoning, showing its application poten

269 long-term toxic side effects associated with organophosphate poisoning.

270 f case reports, extrapolation from pediatric organophosphate poisonings, and expert opinion.

271 PON1 also hydrolyzes organophosphates, protecting the nervous system from tho

272 -II-1 populations of B. tabaci to the tested organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid insectici

273 el of the insecticide resistance to selected organophosphates, pyrethroids, and neonicotinoids in sev

274 tion with ever use of herbicides, fumigants, organophosphates, pyrethroids, or carbamates.

275 Levels of organophosphates, pyridazinones, and phenols significant

276 ve phase in thin film microextraction of six organophosphate residues (OPPs) in the samples using hig

277 s reveal a strong association between plasma organophosphate residues and HbA1c but no association wi

278 Plasma organophosphate residues are positively correlated with

279 The carbamate and organophosphate resistance-associated Ace-1 G119S mutati

280 For the 11 organophosphates retained in the analysis, exposure (eve

281 aldoxime methiodide for reactivation of four organophosphate (sarin, cyclosarin, VX, and paraoxon) co

282 sterase activity from being inhibited by two organophosphate simulants.

283 (DDFP)], a close analogue of the nerve agent organophosphate substrate diisopropyl fluorophosphate (D

284 The OPH activity for seven organophosphate substrates was simultaneously enhanced b

285 Our findings extend earlier observations of organophosphate synergism in salmon and reveal an unusua

286 The organophosphate temephos a larvicide recommended by WHO

287 esterase (NTE), which is the target of toxic organophosphates that induce human paralysis due to seve

288 l as both biotherapeutics for treating acute organophosphate toxicity and as bioremediation agents.

289 ited arylesterase activity and resistance to organophosphate toxicity.

290 Organophosphates, triazoles, pyrethroids and triazines c

291 Organophosphate triesters are high production volume add

292 world." However, synthesizing RNA and other organophosphates under plausible early Earth conditions

293 osphatases (APases) are important enzymes in organophosphate utilization in the ocean.

294 At least one of the organophosphates was detected in the analyzed samples at

295 The diabetogenic nature of organophosphates was recently reported but the underlyin

296 ates of exposure to pyrethroids and dimethyl organophosphates were higher in NYC than in the United S

297 Organophosphates were likely an important class of prebi

298 Insecticides, particularly organophosphates, were the strongest modifiers of risk,

299 diminuta (PdPTE), which hydrolyzes synthetic organophosphates with remarkable catalytic efficiency.

300 Ps that accelerate the hydrolysis of a model organophosphate, with rate constants approximately 10(5)