ライフサイエンスコーパス: parasitoid

1 ds to the problem of defense for a parasite (parasitoid).

2 sitoid relationships to the advantage of the parasitoid.

3 t that is often similar in size to the adult parasitoid.

4 ions that either favoured or disfavoured the parasitoid.

5 ever, little SPI information is available in parasitoids.

6 get organisms in the guilds or predators and parasitoids.

7 ractions between herbivores and their insect parasitoids.

8 significantly with the densities of maternal parasitoids.

9 phid species and their associated specialist parasitoids.

10 ndividuals infected by more or less virulent parasitoids.

11 s in hosts and counter-defence mechanisms in parasitoids.

12 eggs and indirect defenses that involve egg parasitoids.

13 , as we found by excluding a small number of parasitoids.

14 China by providing them with protection from parasitoids.

15 es, three aphid species and their specialist parasitoids.

16 and host DNA sequenced from the gut of adult parasitoids.

17 wth and attraction of Cotesia marginiventris parasitoids.

18 anges in the chemical signals from plants to parasitoids.

19 hids but attractive to aphid enemies such as parasitoids.

20 exclusively on a few species of hymenopteran parasitoids.

21 uence antagonistic encounters among immature parasitoids.

22 this insecticide and its compatibility with parasitoids.

23 e degradation, in the presence or absence of parasitoids.

24 phyllus testudinaceus and their hymenopteran parasitoids.

25 Increased parasitoid activity was not compensated for by reduced l

26 plant-mutualist networks with herbivores and parasitoids added, and one of which is an extended inter

27 Reintegration of parasitoids after host escape shows these communities to

28 An egg parasitoid, Anagrus nilaparvatae, parasitizes eggs of bo

29 wasps are descendants of a single endophytic parasitoid ancestor that lived around 247 mya.

30 atwing" males from an acoustically orienting parasitoid and appears to have evolved independently mor

31 Top-down regulation by the parasitoid and bottom-up regulation driven by resource d

32 uding their genomes, morphology, venoms, and parasitoid and eusocial life styles.

33 alls on the galler, as well as on the galler-parasitoid and galler-aphid interactions.

34 ficantly higher abundance of leaf miners and parasitoids and a significantly lower abundance of bumbl

35 how ecological-evolutionary dynamics between parasitoids and aphids containing heritable symbionts th

36 management; their inappropriate use disrupts parasitoids and has resulted in field resistance to all

37 aled by combining molecular information from parasitoids and hosts with rearing data, versus rearing

38 the biology, ecology, and behavior of these parasitoids and how it relates to biological control.

39 epending on the previous host species of the parasitoids and if such differences were connected to di

40 on benefited cereal aphids more than primary parasitoids and leaf-dwelling predators, while suppressi

41 or the study of the behaviour and ecology of parasitoids and many other species of small organisms be

42 The abundance of predators and parasitoids and parasitism rates increased significantly

43 nd controlled (cultivated) environments, and parasitoids and predators had equally strong top-down ef

44 herbivores and their natural enemies such as parasitoids and predators, and this can lead to host shi

45 fee berry production and the role of the CBB parasitoids and their interactions in control of CBB.

46 aphid fitness in the presence and absence of parasitoids and when exposed to an average 2.5 degrees C

47 erent trophic levels (plants, herbivores and parasitoids) and signals of co-evolution (i.e. phylogene

48 ist aphid species (foliar herbivores), their parasitoids, and a dipteran species (root herbivore).We

49 e interactions among encyrtids, heteronomous parasitoids, and ants shape parasitoid species complexes

50 rotect their insect hosts against pathogens, parasitoids, and other parasites by synthesizing specifi

51 havior of native insects such as herbivores, parasitoids, and pollinators.

52 ve and three times higher than the impact on parasitoids, and the impact on bumblebee abundance was n

53 rvae were still acceptable for egg laying by parasitoids, and the parasitoids thereafter transmitted

54 hes between aphids and their plant hosts and parasitoids, and then model the impacts of these mismatc

55 leomegilla maculata and Eupeodes americanus; parasitoid Aphidius colemani) of the green peach aphid,

56 bility to protect pea aphids attacked by the parasitoid Aphidius ervi.

57 Hosts and parasitoids are a popular guild for study, and quantitat

58 nisms through which these factors may target parasitoids are discussed.

59 we propose an alternative mechanism whereby parasitoids are more efficient at finding common phenoty

60 to test whether surviving parasitism by the parasitoid Asobara tabida has an effect on the resistanc

61 Insect (herbivore and parasitoid)-associated microbes can favor or improve ins

62 Substantial turnover in host-parasitoid associations means that coevolution must have

63 associated with advanced sycamore budburst, parasitoid attack and (marginally) D. platanoidis emerge

64 Survival rate of mealybugs experiencing parasitoid attack was significantly higher on ant-tended

65 Arthropod predators and parasitoids attack crop pests, providing a valuable ecos

66 igated direct effects of the manipulation on parasitoids attacking B. dracunculifoliae, as well as in

67 ess of intrinsic competition differs between parasitoids attacking growing hosts and parasitoids atta

68 ween parasitoids attacking growing hosts and parasitoids attacking paralyzed hosts.

69 The egg-induced parasitoid attraction trait was more common in landraces

70 micals (VOCs) emitted by the host plant; (3) parasitoids avoid ovipositing in aphids feeding on plant

71 ns for the evolution of fruit preference and parasitoid avoidance in fruit flies.

72 elated traits on the host range of the aphid parasitoid Binodoxys communis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

73 densities, but increased significantly with parasitoid brood sizes.

74 y is compatible with the use of the tachinid parasitoid, but that the two methods can act synergistic

75 en reported as a critical nutrient for adult parasitoids, but especially because preying for the purp

76 l behavioral plasticity in these belowground parasitoids can amplify signaling by plant defense pathw

77 Prey species sharing an enemy (predator or parasitoid) can be linked by apparent competition, but i

78 effects between species, mediated via shared parasitoids, can significantly explain future parasitism

79 In most cases, ants directly attacked the parasitoid, causing the parasitoid to take evasive actio

80 read habitat, Dryas heathlands, and describe parasitoid community composition in terms of larval host

81 ences in chemistry predicted caterpillar and parasitoid community structure among host plant populati

82 on the population dynamics of a plant-aphid-parasitoid community with one plant species, three aphid

83 ergence for each of the three members of the parasitoid community.

84 gm to be generally representative of natural parasitoid complexes.

85 Larval parasitoids constitute clear danger to Drosophila, as up

86 We collected 22 years of plant-caterpillar-parasitoid data in a protected tropical forest and found

87 oid wasp, it caused 1- to 4-day-old immature parasitoids death in the host, whilst a small proportion

88 s a host cohort ages, availability to female parasitoids declines, as can the risk that the host - an

89 Parasitoids develop during their immature stages by feed

90 bivory interact to reduce the performance of parasitoids developing in aphids; (2) drought stress and

91 antify the probing behavior of the fruit-fly parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Braconidae) at

92 two complementary sources of molecular data: parasitoid DNA sequenced from the tissues of their hosts

93 re than one mite was involved and behaved as parasitoids, draining the host of its internal fluids an

94 c networks comprising insect hosts and their parasitoids, drawn from 28 studies from the High Arctic

95 plicated in the recruitment of predators and parasitoids (e.g. terpenes) were induced relatively weak

96 The duration of the biological cycle of this parasitoid, emerged from T. molitor pupae exposed to 15.

97 and adults avoid sites smelling of the main parasitoid enemies, Leptopilina wasps.

98 ipant independently and (c) aphids more than parasitoids even though higher trophic levels are genera

99 esources for understanding host-endosymbiont/parasitoid evolutionary relationships, resolving species

100 haroneura) and their lethal parasitic wasps (parasitoids) exhibit both extreme specialization and app

101 ol and Normal-variance microcosms, hosts and parasitoids exhibited distinct population cycles.

102 esting massive under-description of tropical parasitoid faunas.

103 om fatal attack by an acoustically orienting parasitoid fly (Ormia ochracea).

104 ow the quantitative structure of a herbivore-parasitoid food web changes with elevation in an Austral

105 ange may have a restructuring effect on host-parasitoid food webs.

106 by the parasitoid wasp not only protects the parasitoid from the host's immune defenses, but also is

107 for parasitoids from G. pusilla and low for parasitoids from G. calmariensis.

108 Virulence was in general high for parasitoids from G. pusilla and low for parasitoids from

109 cks ripening fruits in its area of invasion, parasitoids from this second group appear to be well sui

110 phids were then retrieved and mortality from parasitoids, fungal pathogens and other causes assessed.

111 e been diffuse, probably contributing to the parasitoid generalism seen in this and similar systems.

112 group of organisms for studying parasitism, parasitoid genomics, and mating biology.

113 rasitoid species (14 Bellopius species), and parasitoid-host associations, all discovered through ana

114 We focus on parasitoids in a widespread habitat, Dryas heathlands, a

115 oplasma-mediated protection against distinct parasitoids in divergent Drosophila hosts suggests a gen

116 nfect noctuid larvae, and are transmitted by parasitoids in the fields.

117 s to examine whether geographic variation in parasitoid infectivity or host immune response could exp

118 n addition to the known effects on immunity, parasitoids influence host pro-neuropeptide gene transcr

119 nditions and rates of climatic change impact parasitoid insect communities in 16 localities across th

120 these metrics with empirical data on a host-parasitoid interaction yield realistic estimates of temp

121 ures the key biological features of the host-parasitoid interaction.

122 pioneering work in the field of insect host-parasitoid interactions beginning with endocrine influen

123 As the northernmost network of host-parasitoid interactions quantified, our data point exert

124 pressure for particular co-evolved herbivore-parasitoid interactions.

125 ne began 7 y (14 host generations) following parasitoid introduction, despite releases being staggere

126 spects in understanding how control by these parasitoids is exerted.

127 use evolution of resistance to predators and parasitoids is prevented by several factors (e.g., spati

128 ation of heritable germline mutations in the parasitoid jewel wasp, Nasonia vitripennis, a rising ins

129 - to 6-day-old and the majority of 7-day-old parasitoids larvae survived from the virus-infected host

130 We show the 'switching penalty' incurred by parasitoids leads to stable coexistence of aphids with a

131 sects, including eusocial, phytophagous, and parasitoid lineages, occurred at least during the Early

132 rceived host specificity of parasitoids, the parasitoid load of host species, and the web-wide role o

133 es feeding above- and below-ground and their parasitoids, mediated by changes in the chemical signals

134 Host-parasitoid microcosms were subjected to two treatments:

135 sis; Argentine stem weevil) by an introduced parasitoid (Microctonus hyperodae) was initially nationa

136 for population dynamics, we developed a host-parasitoid model.

137 biont-mediated interactions between host and parasitoid more than symbiont-free ones; (b) species int

138 nt-free ones; (b) species interactions (host-parasitoid) more than each participant independently and

139 y with fertiliser addition, while leaf miner-parasitoid networks showed a rise in generality.

140 wer-visitor, plant-leaf miner and leaf miner-parasitoid networks using a year's data collection from

141 eir history, arguing against major roles for parasitoid niche evolution or competition during communi

142 stored initial associations, with generalist parasitoids no better able to track their hosts than spe

143 This decline was not attributable to parasitoid numbers released, elevation, or local climati

144 rted as ant parasite, and the third known as parasitoid of invasive ants, confirming a unique habit i

145 ke strategy of Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae, a parasitoid of spotted-wing drosophila (SWD, Drosophila s

146 dynichus sellnicki, previously reported as a parasitoid of the invasive ant Nylanderia fulva in Colom

147 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) is an endophagous parasitoid of the larval stages of the tobacco budworm,

148 Aenasius bambawalei is an important parasitoid of the the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus sole

149 These are conspicuous, diurnal parasitoids of bees and wasps that defend themselves wit

150 doptera, with the reverse being true for the parasitoids of Diptera.

151 tomopathogenic nematodes are obligate lethal parasitoids of insect larvae that navigate a chemically

152 le retaining cold winters to be dominated by parasitoids of Lepidoptera, with the reverse being true

153 Parasitoids of the hymenopterous family Encyrtidae are o

154 When two or more parasitoids of the same or different species attack the

155 First, highly efficient predators and parasitoids of the vector prove to be effective biologic

156 nes, as can the risk that the host - and the parasitoid offspring it carries - succumbs to extrinsic

157 Host-feeding did not affect parasitoid offspring mortality.

158 Currently, predators and parasitoids often do not persist in rice production land

159 d to higher parasitism rates by a day-active parasitoid on its host using a laboratory experiment in

160 ces of secondary consumers (predators and/or parasitoids) only in woodland brown food webs and green

161 nitude of mismatch with their host plants or parasitoids, or direct impacts of temperature and precip

162 red with no or high resource degradation and parasitoid overall abundance was lower in fluctuating te

163 efoliator caterpillars of eucalyptus, to the parasitoid P. elaeisis aiming the rational use of this i

164 Plant and native parasitoid phylogenetic diversity changed markedly acros

165 More significantly, periodicity in host-parasitoid population dynamics disappeared in the High-v

166 ion contributed to more than 50% of host and parasitoid population responses to temperature variation

167 effects of temperature variation on host and parasitoid populations compared with no or high resource

168 As parasitoids, predators, and pollinators, Hymenoptera pla

169 root herbivory, on the olfactory response of parasitoids (preference), plant volatile emissions, para

170 herbivores, and in olfactometer experiments parasitoids preferred the odour from well-watered plants

171 trade-off was only detected in studies with parasitoids present.

172 In field conditions, under parasitoid pressure, the observed coexistence of aphids

173 Interestingly, wingless maternal parasitoids produced more winged progeny.

174 t is thus possible to increase winged female parasitoid production for the purposes of biological con

175 The percentage of winged female parasitoid progeny increased exponentially with temperat

176 bout 20%) of reads was affiliated with known parasitoid protists.

177 arasitize olive flies, one from the guild of parasitoids (Psyttalia concolor) and two from the guild

178 s escaped their enemies for millennia before parasitoid pursuit restored initial associations, with g

179 , the evolution of gregarious development in parasitoids reflects differences in various developmenta

180 ng reveals a new mechanism operating in host-parasitoid relationships to the advantage of the parasit

181 a strong effect of host phylogeny on overall parasitoid reproduction on the 20 host species tested, b

182 tance to A. tabida to test whether increased parasitoid resistance has an effect on resistance agains

183 icates that leaf-mining herbivores and their parasitoids respond differently to environmental conditi

184 oles in the endosymbiont's virulence against parasitoids, resulting in aphid protection.

185 (or benefits) of competition for the winning parasitoid reveal that time lags between successive atta

186 ng of wing morphology and development in the parasitoid S. pupariae under varied environmental cues,

187 the wing morph differentiation of a bethylid parasitoid Sclerodermus pupariae.

188 epresenting 14 Blepharoneura fly species, 18 parasitoid species (14 Bellopius species), and parasitoi

189 ds, heteronomous parasitoids, and ants shape parasitoid species complexes and consequently have a dir

190 ced the performance (e.g. fecundity) of both parasitoid species developing in foliar herbivores.

191 ities, that harvesting of single carnivorous parasitoid species led to a significant increase in exti

192 methods, including the release of coevolved parasitoid species targeting invasives, have been promot

193 However, related native parasitoid species tended to feed on related herbivore s

194 Parasitoid species were almost entirely specialized to i

195 All three parasitoid species were negatively affected by the light

196 increased extinction rates of non-harvested parasitoid species when their host had become rare relat

197 conidae), and test the effects of body size (parasitoid species), age (time since collection), and DN

198 G1), a previously uncharacterized Drosophila parasitoid species, and found that G1 venom contains a h

199 s caused increased extinction rates of other parasitoid species, compared to controls, but only when

200 nd root herbivory on the efficacy of the two parasitoid species, drought stress partially reversing t

201 ificant increase in extinction rate of other parasitoid species, separated by four trophic links.

202 on 10 other galler species and 50 associated parasitoid species.

203 resulted in the extinction of the two other parasitoid species.

204 lter fly immune success against G1 and other parasitoid species.

205 t R. insecticola LSR1, significantly reduced parasitoid success and increased aphid survivorship.

206 This strategy enhances parasitoid survival and reproduction, with positive cons

207 We conducted an experiment with a host-parasitoid system to test the prediction that increased

208 Host-parasitoid systems are characterized by a continuous dev

209 This co-evolutionary arms race makes host-parasitoid systems excellent for understanding trade-off

210 owever, knowledge obtained from natural host-parasitoid systems on such trade-offs is still limited.

211 rmful to the maize weevil S. zeamais and its parasitoid T. elegans.

212 Wasps of the genus Nasonia are non-social parasitoids that are emerging as a model for studies of

213 ing that this habitat may impose stresses on parasitoids that constrain them to attack only host spec

214 orate lab-derived toxicity data for a common parasitoid, the braconid Diaeretiella rapae (M'Intosh),

215 ults alter the perceived host specificity of parasitoids, the parasitoid load of host species, and th

216 table for egg laying by parasitoids, and the parasitoids thereafter transmitted virus to healthy host

217 t factors, such as plant quality, may affect parasitoids through effects on immunity and nutrition.

218 irectly attacked the parasitoid, causing the parasitoid to take evasive action.

219 nce relating the responses of herbivores and parasitoids to abiotic factors.

220 d web structure may depend on the ability of parasitoids to adapt to novel hosts.

221 fe history and population dynamics in a host-parasitoid trophic interaction, using the Indian meal mo

222 n and among habitats, whereas herbivores and parasitoids typically have more peripheral network roles

223 mposition in terms of larval host use (i.e., parasitoid use of herbivorous Lepidoptera vs. pollinatin

224 uch that the best defensive strategy against parasitoids varied for each aphid genotype; one performe

225 tly isolated from Spodoptera exigua, without parasitoid vector identified previously.

226 PV exhibits functional similarities to known parasitoid viral elements that support its comparable ro

227 lication dynamics compared to those of other parasitoid viral elements, including vertical transmissi

228 These findings suggest ongoing evolution in parasitoid virulence and host immune response, making th

229 study, the aim was to examine trade-offs in parasitoid virulence in Asecodes parviclava (Hymenoptera

230 tionary changes in host immune responses and parasitoid virulence.

231 Many parasitoid-virus partnerships studied to date exhibit co

232 When the parasitoid was excluded, there was no difference in surv

233 Mite life-history (parasite or parasitoid) was context dependent, shifting according to

234 When the female parasitoid wasp acquired the virus and served as a vecto

235 obacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, host and its parasitoid wasp Apanteles congregatus (now Cotesia congr

236 To escape noxious stimuli, such as parasitoid wasp attacks, Drosophila melanogaster larvae

237 Thus, atypical quasisocial behaviour in a parasitoid wasp directly enhances reproductive success a

238 The parasitoid wasp Encarsia suzannae (iES), infected by Car

239 e variation in resistance to its most common parasitoid wasp enemy, Aphidius ervi, which is sourced f

240 sing experiments to gather evidence that the parasitoid wasp Ganaspis brasiliensis, a candidate for b

241 involved in Drosophila larval escape from a parasitoid wasp invasion.

242 la melanogaster to intense parasitism by the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina boulardi, they evolved resis

243 ogaster larvae induce after infection by the parasitoid wasp Leptopilina boulardi.

244 ave established persistent infections within parasitoid wasp lineages and are beneficial to wasps dur

245 sexual communication and host finding in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis.

246 es show that the polydnavirus carried by the parasitoid wasp not only protects the parasitoid from th

247 sms and found that the overharvesting of one parasitoid wasp species caused increased extinction rate

248 Genome browsers generated for four parasitoid wasp species have been used in a CURE engagin

249 The braconid parasitoid wasp subfamily Microgastrinae is perhaps the

250 the Drosophila foraging (for) gene differ in parasitoid wasp susceptibility, suggesting a link betwee

251 ordance with rover and sitter differences in parasitoid wasp susceptibility, we found that rovers hav

252 the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais and the parasitoid wasp Theocolax elegans.

253 In the miniaturized parasitoid wasp Trichogramma evanescens Westwood 1833, a

254 Our characterization of parasitoid wasp venom proteins led us to identify plasma

255 New work shows that parasitoid wasp venom toxins evolve by the co-option of

256 an meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, and its parasitoid wasp Venturia canescens.

257 host took place during the life cycle of the parasitoid wasp, it caused 1- to 4-day-old immature para

258 7 SPI genes in total through the genome of a parasitoid wasp, Pteromalus puparum.

259 isia nymph was parasitized by an Eretmocerus parasitoid wasp.

260 t's resistance to natural enemies, including parasitoid wasps and a pathogenic fungus.

261 specifically associated with insects called parasitoid wasps and exhibit many traits associated with

262 is (Geometridae: Larentiinae) and associated parasitoid wasps and flies.

263 modified interactions involving the galler, parasitoid wasps and inquiline aphids.

264 which Spiroplasma protect their host against parasitoid wasps and nematodes.

265 Parasitoid wasps are abundant and diverse hymenopteran i

266 They also confirm that all primarily parasitoid wasps are descendants of a single endophytic

267 nicotinoids might compromise the function of parasitoid wasps as natural enemies with potentially dir

268 The species-rich lineages of parasitoid wasps constitute a monophyletic group as well

269 Heritable associations between viruses and parasitoid wasps have evolved independently multiple tim

270 Fruit flies are regularly infected by parasitoid wasps in nature and, following infection, fli

271 on mode of acquisition of new venom genes in parasitoid wasps is co-option of single-copy genes from

272 Immature development of parasitoid wasps is restricted to resources found in a s

273 In Drosophila, exposure to parasitoid wasps leads to a sharp decline in oviposition

274 on of metabolite profiles of individual 1 mg parasitoid wasps of different ages is possible when usin

275 virus (BV) (Polydnaviridae) are symbionts of parasitoid wasps that specifically replicate in the ovar

276 on with other viral elements associated with parasitoid wasps to provide an analogous function throug

277 we use the rapid turnover of venom genes in parasitoid wasps to study how new gene functions evolve.

278 uasisociality (cooperative brood care) among parasitoid wasps without invoking or precluding kin sele

279 sts (protection against fungal pathogens vs. parasitoid wasps) and symbionts with overlapping functio

280 The evolutionary success of parasitoid wasps, a highly diverse group of insects wide

281 l divergence in a community of host-specific parasitoid wasps, Diachasma alloeum, Utetes canaliculatu

282 t females and males from two closely related parasitoid wasps, Nasonia vitripennis and Nasonia giraul

283 xvirus found in Diachasmimorpha longicaudata parasitoid wasps, represents a novel example of benefici

284 For insects known as parasitoid wasps, successful development as a parasite r

285 naviruses are associated with insects called parasitoid wasps, which are of additional applied intere

286 are resistant to parasitism by hymenopterous parasitoid wasps, which is often attributed to the prese

287 otinoids on other beneficial insects such as parasitoid wasps, which serve as natural enemies and are

288 er long-term viral associations described in parasitoid wasps.

289 DNA viruses that are beneficial symbionts of parasitoid wasps.

290 re all obligate mutualists of insects called parasitoid wasps.

291 chemical defense, armyworm caterpillars, and parasitoid wasps.

292 lant volatiles (HIPVs) and attractiveness to parasitoid wasps.

293 ments have been identified in insects called parasitoid wasps.

294 n is crucial for the reproductive success of parasitoid wasps.

295 Non-ant EFN consumers include parasitoids, wasps, spiders, mites, bugs, and predatory

296 un to be used extensively in studies of host-parasitoid webs to clarify species concepts.

297 ferent types of networks (such as food webs, parasitoid webs, seed dispersal networks, and pollinatio

298 Parasitoids were more sensitive to temperature variation

299 A total of 5030 insects, including 603 parasitoids, were reared, and summary food webs were cre

300 In contrast, the parasitoid with the lower attack rate and conversion eff

301 n their ability to confer protection against parasitoids, with some conferring almost complete protec