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1 to their skeletal insertions in the autopod (paw).
2 ce displaying symptoms of arthritis in other paws).
3 of 3-5 for arthritic paws and 0 for control paws).
4 th traumatic injury to the cornea from a dog paw.
5 DRL/DCL was made to partially deafferent one paw.
6 nt movements, including movement of limb and paw.
7 s of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the oedematous paw.
8 ed paw 4- to 5-fold more than in the control paw.
9 injection of complete Freund adjuvant in the paw.
10 muL, 10%) in the plantar surface of the hind paw.
11 t-evoked nociceptive stimulation to the hind paw.
12 n the injured (but not in the contralateral) paw.
13 cal hypersensitivity in the ipsilateral hind paw.
14 even preceding, withdrawal of the stimulated paw.
15 nnervating the ipsilateral and contralateral paw.
16 tration into different organs, including the paws.
17 llowing noxious heat stimulation of the hind paws.
18 rsed to a tendency to drag the dorsum of the paws.
19 etabolites between the control and arthritic paws.
20 to the proximal joints of the front and hind paws.
21 lack of pigment on the belly, tail tip, and paws.
22 d adjustments of the torso and un-stimulated paws.
23 ieval of proxies by TracMouse for individual paws.
24 contralateral or ipsilateral to an inflamed paw [1 h, 1 d, or 5-6 d after intraplantar injection of
25 (4) rats treated with formalin into the hind paw 30 min after subcutaneous morphine injection (morphi
26 (2) rats treated with FORMALIN into the hind paw 30 min after subcutaneous normal saline injection, (
29 n lentivirus was directly delivered to mouse paws a synthetic promoter demonstrated excellent activat
35 edal edema, increased arthritis score of the paw and ankle, increase in radiological and histological
37 ration in both males and females, while both paw and intrathecal PGE(2) hypersensitivity was more per
38 ant produced a significant reduction in hind paw and orofacial mechanical withdrawal thresholds as a
41 Surprisingly, the central arbors of plantar paw and trunk innervating nociceptors have distinct morp
42 nspection (clinical index of 3 for arthritic paws and 0 for control paws) and histologic examination
44 ning withdrawal thresholds in the joints and paws and by measuring their physical activity levels.
47 rved with an increase in IL-17 levels in the paws and in Th17 lymphocytes in the draining lymph nodes
48 Articular cartilage was harvested from the paws and knees of 5- and 6-month-old wild-type (WT) mice
49 wed findings of inflammation in the affected paws and no signs of arthritis in the control paws at bo
50 al ablation of interdigital webbing on mouse paws and normal lymphocyte homeostasis require the coope
51 17 production from CD4+ T cells in arthritic paws and splenic NK cell cytotoxic effector functions in
53 s neurons with RFs on the distal limb (wrist/paw) and slow-conducting PTNs typically showed peak firi
54 ex of 3 for arthritic paws and 0 for control paws) and histologic examination (histologic score of 3-
55 ot ganglion neurons innervating the inflamed paw, and augmented TRP channel-mediated calcium response
56 a-endorphin levels increased in the inflamed paw, and this increase and the antihyperalgesic effects
57 ity and structural differences between mouse paw/ankle GAGs and elbows/knee GAGs correlated with the
58 ferences in the forward motion of individual paws are fully accounted for by changes in walking speed
59 SC560 increased withdrawal latencies in both paws at 1 and 5hours after carrageenan administration.
60 old increase (P<0.001) in signal in inflamed paws at 8 hours following injection of anti-E-selectin a
61 aws and no signs of arthritis in the control paws at both visible inspection (clinical index of 3 for
63 isplayed higher accumulation in the inflamed paw but also had higher accumulation in the control paw,
65 spread K8 expression in glabrous skin of the paws, but in the whisker pads and body skin ectopic K8+
66 n asymmetry in adhesive dot removal from the paws, but not in forelimb use in a cylinder or amphetami
68 enuation of PGE2-induced hyperalgesia in the paw by the knockdown of NMDAR subunits NR1, NR2B, NR2D,
70 s were evaluated by visual inspection of the paws, by histochemical analysis of tissue sections, and
75 a heightened signal transmission for plantar paw circuits, as revealed by both spinal cord slice reco
80 ymph nodes, liver, kidneys, spleen, and hind paw containing the injection site were removed and weigh
81 at compounds led to reduction in swelling of paws, cytokine levels, and anticollagen IgG1/IgG2a level
82 ies within nuclei in typical molecules, when PAW datasets constructed with finite nuclei are used.
83 also had higher accumulation in the control paw, demonstrating a reduced signal-to-background ratio.
84 : (i) principal identification of anatomical paw details frame-by-frame by an experimentally blinded
86 as the foot trajectory as well as diminished paw drag often observed after hemisection.SIGNIFICANCE S
87 gional inflammatory response develops in the paw-draining lymph nodes by an IL-17-dependent mechanism
88 ures the ratio of change in Pes to change in Paw during inspiratory efforts against a closed airway.
90 owed a concentration dependent inhibition on paw edema development after carrageenan treatment in mic
91 rescence imaging in vivo in a mouse model of paw edema generated by local injection of TNFalpha as we
92 ing enzyme inhibitors potentiated TCT-evoked paw edema in BALB/c, C57BL/6, and C5-deficient A/J mice
95 9 xenografted tumor mouse model and a murine paw edema model, good bioavailability, and no significan
97 Animals with either CIA or TNFalpha-induced paw edema were injected with anti-E-selectin or control
98 healthy volunteers followed by assessment of paw edema, hyperalgesia, inflammation, and central glial
100 thacin partially blocked and did not reverse paw edema, suggesting that gait alterations must be prim
102 ow symmetric divisions can work to stabilize paw epidermis lineage, which experiences high level of m
103 expresses firefly luciferase (luc2p) in the paw epidermis--the region of murine epidermis that most
106 rupt withdrawal signs (ie, platform jumping, paw flutters, head shakes, diarrhea, and total body weig
109 put needed for a complex, goal-directed fore-paw function and re-establishes synaptic transmission to
111 the brachial artery (BAO) induces increased paw-guarding behaviors, mechanical hypersensitivity, and
112 omotion was unsteady and high lifting of the paws had reversed to a tendency to drag the dorsum of th
113 ing the projector augmented wave method (DFT-PAW), has advantages in greater speed and compatibility
114 d hyperkeratosis on the volar surface of the paws (i.e., palmoplantar keratoderma), increased keratin
115 assigned to five groups; each had both hind paws immersed in water at different temperatures (no hea
116 nd time-to-remove the adhesive tape from the paw in a severity-dependent manner, indicating that our
117 induced unilateral inflammation of the hind paw in mice, and directly compared expression and functi
119 to mechanical or thermal stimulation of hind paws, in comparison to Taxol(R) administration at the sa
121 d wild-type and MKP-3 knock-out (KO) mice, a paw incision model of acute postoperative pain, and beha
123 ults showed that (1) the mean BP of the left paw increased significantly following formalin injection
124 e injection of carrageenin into the rat hind paw induced a decrease in the mechanical nociceptive thr
126 t anti-DCC, antibodies significantly reduced paw inflammation (clinical score: 9.8 +/- 0.8, 10.4 +/-
127 croMT(-/-) mice (B-cell deficient) developed paw inflammation at a similar rate and severity as WT mi
128 and thermal-pain hypersensitivity after hind-paw inflammation compared with wild-type littermates.
130 and display significant inhibition in mouse paw inflammation models when delivered by lentivirus or
131 o in RAW264.7 cells and in vivo in mice with paw inflammation that is induced by lipopolysaccharide (
133 us in rats when given orally to suppress rat paw inflammation, macrophage and mast cell activation, a
134 g with CXCR4 function in three mouse models: paw inflammation, Matrigel plug angiogenesis, and uveal
135 n antinociceptive effect in rats with a hind paw inflammation, without exhibiting characteristic CB1
138 sed behavioral responses and paw swelling to paw injection of complete Freund's adjuvant, a model of
139 of CD68/ED-1+, CD3+, and RANKL+ cells in the paws; interleukin-6 (transcript and protein) levels were
142 regulated endogenous RvD3 levels in inflamed paw joints and its potent actions in reducing murine art
143 decreased proinflammatory cytokines in their paw joints, there were significant functional and histol
144 ntrol and healing of the degeneration of the paws' joints, concomitantly with the systemic activation
146 ed albino mice by 80% from capsaicin-induced paw licking and recovered it by 60% from carrageenan-ind
147 Swiss Albino mice through capsaicin induced paw lickings and dextran induced inflammation showed tha
149 ributed, potential evolutionary intermediate PawS-Like1 (PawL1), which is matured into storage albumi
150 ly postsurgical edema and significantly less paw lymphedema compared with vehicle-treated animals at
151 d a greater preference for using their right paw; males were significantly more inclined to adopt the
152 versible, dose-dependent attenuation of hind paw mechanical allodynia for up to 1h after administrati
153 ard deviation, 0.52 +/- 0.16) versus control paws (median lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, 0.27; mean lacta
154 e in the amount of (13)C-lactate in inflamed paws (median lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, 0.50; mean lacta
156 exhibited a more severe phenotype than claw paw mice and had gliogenic defects in sensory, sympathet
161 , retraction, elevation) and four classes of paw movements (opening, closure, opening/closure sequenc
165 e mutated gene in spontaneously arising claw paw mutant mice), but Lgi4 is not known to play any role
167 implanted subcutaneously on the dorsal hind paw of C57 mice while the tumor-free contralateral leg s
168 ut local injection of PGE(2)-G into the hind paw of HbAA-BERK mice produced sensitization of nocicept
171 Arthritis was induced in the right hind paw of six rats; the left hind paw served as an internal
173 ional significant MMR signal in nonarthritic paws of affected mice (i.e., mice displaying symptoms of
174 selectin-targeted signal was observed in the paws of animals immunized with collagen that did not dis
176 is was performed using RNA isolated from the paws of male and female Pgia8-congenic mice with collage
178 neage afferents in the epidermis of the hind paws of the reporter mice showed that EGTA and MDL28170
179 strong pinch delivered to the rat posterior paw on spontaneous and current-evoked activity of PFC ne
180 the mechanical stimulus is presented to the paw on the side where the priming inducer was administer
181 omotion of intact cats required to place the paws on the rungs of a moving ladder treadmill (LTM); (2
182 ion of 5 ug of the probe in intact organs (a paw or tail of sacrificed mice) enabled efficient O(2) i
183 challenging the skin of the calf of the hind paw or the cheek of previously sensitized mice with the
184 efficacy of icilin applied topically to the paws or intrathecally was tested in rats after spinal ne
187 cells, hemidesmosome proteins arrange in cat paw patterns, more typical of confluent, stationary cell
189 artially blocked the effects elicited by the paw pinch on cortical excitability, whereas systemic adm
190 ase in current-evoked firing elicited by the paw pinch was inversely correlated with the baseline fir
192 equiring enhanced muscle activity or skilled paw placement correlated with substantial adjustment in
193 n showed substantial improvements in skilled paw placement while walking over a horizontal ladder.
194 ring skilled movements that require accurate paw placements and trajectories like those seen during p
195 wal Speeds), uses a univariate projection of paw position over time to automatically quantify seven b
196 ments in use of the forelimb, as assessed by paw preference, paw withdrawal to tactile stimuli and th
200 t difference in the direction or strength of paw preferences of cats tested longitudinally or cross-s
201 e same cats at different ages, the subjects' paw preferences were compared with those of cats tested
203 ificantly more likely to be ambilateral than paw preferent at 12 weeks and at 6 months but more likel
205 such compounds was assessed by means of the paw-pressure and incapacitance tests using an in vivo RA
206 an inducer of priming is administered in the paw, priming can be detected in spinal cord (as prolonge
208 ct (CST) restore function in a directed fore-paw retrieval task and induce regeneration of severed CS
215 fect in the PGE2-induced hyperalgesia in the paw, showing specific involvement of NMDARs in this modu
216 prevention of PPK-like lesions in Krt16-null paw skin (via topical delivery of the Nrf2 inducer sulfo
219 ted, CGRP-positive neurons projecting to the paw skin displayed elevated mechanical currents in respo
221 ivation induced de novo HFs also in hairless paw skin, divorced from confounding effects of pre-exist
222 sed in all tissues tested, including spleen, paw skin, lumbar dorsal root ganglia, and lumbar spinal
224 tes, is markedly downregulated in Krt16-null paw skin, well-ahead of lesion onset, and is paralleled
227 phic responses to graded suprathreshold hind-paw stimuli in the 4 weeks following adult incision.
228 glia (DRG) L3-L5 ipsilateral to the affected paw suggests DRG neurons contribute to the increased FAA
229 ce, as determined by 2 independent measures, paw swelling (P < 0.01) and clinical disease score (P <
230 significantly less severe clinically evident paw swelling and deformity, less synovial and periarticu
232 -17 partially inhibited the significant hind paw swelling and histopathological changes observed in B
234 changes were correlated with lower levels of paw swelling and joint damage in the rh-FcgammaRIA-treat
239 ease severity by histological evaluation and paw swelling compared with GFP gene transfer controls.
240 ntification of a lead compound which reduced paw swelling in a dose- and exposure-dependent fashion i
241 ne 1 resulted in dose-dependent reduction of paw swelling in a mouse model of arthritis.1,2 However,
242 glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI)-induced paw swelling model comparable to that seen with a TNFalp
244 HFD also increased behavioral responses and paw swelling to paw injection of complete Freund's adjuv
245 llowing therapeutic administration of SSRIs, paw swelling was assessed and clinical scores were deter
253 atory arthritis including arthritis indices, paw thickness, cartilage damage and neutrophil infiltrat
256 s, and immunohistochemistry; plasma and hind paw tissue levels of cytokines and chemokines (including
257 and protein) levels were rapidly reduced in paw tissue within 4 hours of the first dose, whereas it
258 centrations of morphine in the brain, blood, paw tissue, and in vitro confirmed the selective release
262 s and popliteal LNs, lymphatic drainage from paws to popliteal LNs, and the number of VEGF-C-expressi
265 ce with high-speed videography and automated paw tracking with machine and deep learning approaches.
268 ters of inflammation such as ankle swelling, paw volume, cartilage damage, bone resorption, and body
270 rol groups; however, licking of the injected paw was markedly increased by the same treatment at othe
273 , neurons with receptive fields on the wrist/paw were located more ventrally, often discharged sleep-
274 nctions of the lumbrical muscles of the hind-paw were vulnerable in both SMA and ALS, with a loss of
277 wing euthanasia 2-4 wk after serum transfer, paws were prepared for micro-computed tomography and his
279 ro and in vivo in synovial fluid of inflamed paws, whereas expression is relatively low in other tiss
280 nd enrolled in the Peers and Wellness Study (PAWS), which examined the effects of social status on he
281 atotic calluses on Krt16(-/-) front and hind paws, which severely compromise the animals' ability to
282 t glabrous skin blood perfusion in both hind paws, while a simultaneous heart rate (HR) and DRRs were
283 re injected subcutaneously in the right hind paw with (99m)Tc-SPIONs (25-50 MBq, approximately 0.2 mg
284 L5)-DRG induced hyperalgesia in the rat hind paw with a profile similar to that of intraplantar injec
286 am- and sodium-depleted rats were tested for paw withdrawal and lick latencies to brief noxious heat
287 upernatant reduced nociceptive behavior in a paw withdrawal assay, supporting a role for exosomes in
291 ks, hyperalgesia was evident (as measured by paw withdrawal latencies in the Hargreaves Test), which
293 Chronic constriction injury (CCI) reduced paw withdrawal latency, which was maximal at 10 days pos
294 uced scratching, laminae II/III INs generate paw withdrawal movements, and laminae III/IV INs modulat
295 the effects of the following SCS patterns on paw withdrawal threshold and resting state EEG theta pow
298 cord, rats displayed markedly decreased hind paw withdrawal thresholds, indicative of below-level neu
299 the forelimb, as assessed by paw preference, paw withdrawal to tactile stimuli and the ability to gra
300 ceptors to produce analgesia in inflamed rat paws without major side effects such as sedation or cons