ライフサイエンスコーパス: phenazine

1 hexanoic acid; dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine).

2 e production of virulence factors (including phenazines).

3 ys previously unknown coordination modes for phenazine.

4 hes it from other well-studied P. aeruginosa phenazines.

5 r type N,N'-disubstituted-dihydrodibenzo[a,c]phenazines.

6 ungal diseases by producing chemicals called phenazines.

7 our distinct redox-active metabolites called phenazines.

8 he survival effect is specific to endogenous phenazines.

9 es colorful, redox-active antibiotics called phenazines.

10 fluorescent pseudomonads produce and secrete phenazines.

11 CAM-1 and IL-8 increases in response to both phenazines.

12 soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens to phenazines.

13 nthesis of highly functionalized benzo fused phenazines.

14 ido[3,2-alpha: 2',3'-c:3'',2''-h:2''',3'''-j]phenazine) (1), was studied using cyclic voltammetry wit

15 trapyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c:3",2''-h:2''',3'''-j]phenazine), 1(4+), is readily taken up by live cells loc

16 We introduce phenazine-1,6-dicarboxamides as redox-responsive molecul

17 aeruginosa, pyocyanin (Py) and its precursor phenazine-1- carboxylic acid (PCA), and two chemically s

18 Secondary metabolites phenazine-1-carboxamide and pyochelin activate a G-prote

19 tified and was shown to control synthesis of phenazine-1-carboxamide from PCA in P. aeruginosa PAO1.

20 of PCA to pyocyanin, 1-hydroxyphenazine, and phenazine-1-carboxamide.

21 Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-79, which produces phenazine-1-carboxylate, is preceded by two genes, phzR

22 omplex would prevent the release of 5-methyl-phenazine-1-carboxylate, the putative intermediate, and

23 es including the recently described 5-methyl-phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (5MPCA), which exhibits a no

24 P. chlororaphis produces mainly two PZs, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) and 2-hydroxy-PCA (2-O

25 Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) is a broad-spectrum an

26 f purified PhzF, -A, -B, and -G confirm that phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) is readily produced fr

27 phenazine production reveals distribution of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) throughout the colony,

28 Here we report the ability of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), a common phenazine ma

29 monstrated that the precursor for pyocyanin, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), increases oxidant for

30 of PQS, likely induces the production of the phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), which in turn acts vi

31 the blue phenazine pyocyanin and the yellow phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA).

32 ficient for production of a single compound, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA).

33 n of the endogenous phenazines pyocyanin and phenazine-1-carboxylic acid in both cytosolic and membra

34 Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, the initial phenazine forme

35 s of proteins that catalyze the synthesis of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, the precursor for several p

36 Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, the precursor to the bioact

37 mplex produce phenazine derivatives, such as phenazine-1-carboxylic acid.

38 y from the dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]-benzo[3,4]phenazine-11,16-quinone (NqPhen) ligand starting materia

39 has been demonstrated for 4-methoxy-benzo[a]phenazine-11-carboxylic acid (2-(dimethylamino)-1-(R)-me

40 xic agents, exemplified by 4-methoxy-benzo[a]phenazine-11-carboxylic acid (2-(dimethylamino)-1-(R)-me

41 Halogenated phenazine 14 proved to be the most potent biofilm-eradic

42 In alfalfa, treating roots with 200 microm phenazine, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, or zearalenone in

43 1 (a 1:1 mixture of 9-hydroxy- and 6-hydroxy-phenazine-2-carobxylic acids), designed to recognize 1-h

44 phthalenes 3, and 5-arylthio-/5-aminobenzo[a]phenazines 4 in very good isolated yields.

45 inoxaline) (3), dppz (dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine) (4), dppn (benzo[i]dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phe

46 e) (4), dppn (benzo[i]dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine) (5), and dap (4,7-dihydrodibenzo[de,gh][1,10]

47 qdppz = naphtho[2,3-a]dipyrido[3,2-h:2',3'-f]phenazine-5,18-dione), with lambdamax = 450 nm.

48 zi](3+) (bpy, 2,2'-bipyridine; phzi, benzo[a]phenazine-5,6-quinone diimine) has been designed as a st

49 f diazapentacenes (5,14-diethynyldibenzo[b,i]phenazine, 6,13-diethynylnaphtho[2,3-b]phenazine) and te

50 ernative, which may affect the rate at which phenazines abstract electrons from the electron transpor

51 udomonas aeruginosa PA14, antibiotics called phenazines act as oxidants to balance the intracellular

52 Following evidence that phenazines act as virulence factors in the opportunistic

53 ynthesis of this metabolite and a variety of phenazine analogues should be developed.

54 [(C5Me5)2SmH]2 reduces phenazine and anthracene to make [(C5Me5)2Sm]2(mu-eta(3)

55 y isolate two organic crystalline compounds, phenazine and caffeine, from their suspension in 1,4-dio

56 Further unimolecular rearrangements afford phenazine and carbazole.

57 Production of phenazine and phloroglucinol antibiotics, as examples, a

58 diates for the preparation of polyfunctional phenazines and extended polyheteroacenes.

59 insights into the physiological functions of phenazines and has implications for designing effective

60 We have synthesized a series of ethynylated phenazines and their bis-triazolyl cycloadducts to serve

61 ly, Pseudomonas aeruginosa unable to produce phenazines and thus elicit UPR(mt) activation were hyper

62 o[b,i]phenazine, 6,13-diethynylnaphtho[2,3-b]phenazine) and tetraazapentacenes (7,12-diethynylbenzo[g

63 two U-shaped electron-acceptors (dibenzo[a,j]phenazine) and two electron-donors (N,N'-diphenyl-p-phen

64 l than loss of SoxR at low concentrations of phenazines, and also increases dependence on the otherwi

65 ystem to positively regulate biosynthesis of phenazine antibiotics that contribute to its association

66 g compounds, including endogenously produced phenazine antibiotics, induce expression of the efflux p

67 ted to control the appropriate expression of phenazine antibiotics.

68 w that CcoN4 contributes to the reduction of phenazines, antibiotics that support redox balancing for

69 Phenazines are a class of redox-active molecules produce

70 Phenazines are antimicrobial compounds that provide Pseu

71 s it is unknown which producers and specific phenazines are ecologically relevant, and whether phenaz

72 In this work, the thienyl-substituted phenazines are investigated in more detail by time-resol

73 Phenazines are natural bacterial antibiotics that can pr

74 Phenazines are well known for their toxicity against non

75 a(4-formylphenyl)diquinoxalino[2,3-a:2',3'-c]phenazine as monomers.

76 primary aromatic amines produce substituted phenazines as major products, N-phenyl-o-phenylenediamin

77 Our results implicate phenazines as signalling molecules in both P. aeruginosa

78 stimulates matrix production, in response to phenazine availability.

79 esis and electrochemical evaluation of a new phenazine-based 2D COF (DAPH-TFP COF), as well as its co

80 zines are ecologically relevant, and whether phenazine biodegradation can counter their effects.

81 uantitative metagenomic approach to mine for phenazine biosynthesis and biodegradation genes, applyin

82 f action, the biochemistry and mechanisms of phenazine biosynthesis are not well resolved.

83 D. japonica upregulates phenazine biosynthesis during phosphate limitation and r

84 contributions of these redundant operons to phenazine biosynthesis have not been evaluated.

85 ducer-crop associations and demonstrate that phenazine biosynthesis is prevalent across habitats and

86 The disruption of phenazine biosynthesis led to broad changes in specializ

87 yotic member of a large and widely conserved phenazine biosynthesis protein PhzF-like protein family.

88 an remodeling, uptake of phosphate and iron, phenazine biosynthesis, and other processes were identif

89 In P. aeruginosa phenazine biosynthesis, conversion of PCA to pyocyanin i

90 A crystal structure of PhzF, a key enzyme in phenazine biosynthesis, solved by molecular replacement.

91 aeruginosa is an isochorismatase involved in phenazine biosynthesis.

92 expression of the phnAB operon, involved in phenazine biosynthesis.

93 phnB) had previously been assumed to encode phenazine biosynthetic functions.

94 low, inactivation of the rpeA gene enhanced phenazine biosynthetic gene expression and increased phe

95 lations with fluorescent reporter imaging of phenazine biosynthetic gene expression.

96 Furthermore, RpeA functioned to block phenazine biosynthetic gene transcription in minimal med

97 oson insertion into a Pseudomonas aeruginosa phenazine biosynthetic gene, phzF2.

98 Two seven-gene phenazine biosynthetic loci were cloned from Pseudomonas

99 insight into the evolutionary history of the phenazine biosynthetic operon.

100 E2F2G2, are homologous to previously studied phenazine biosynthetic operons from Pseudomonas fluoresc

101 vided into those with defects in the primary phenazine biosynthetic pathway and those with more pleio

102 hranilic acid, which is then utilized in the phenazine biosynthetic pathway.

103 electrophoresis showed increased amounts of phenazine biosynthetic proteins in FRD1 biofilms and in

104 ]phenazine (pzph), or benzo[a]pyrazino[2,3-h]phenazine (bpph) and dCF(3)ppy is 2-(3,5-bis(trifluorome

105 potentials for the PCET reactions at the GCC phenazine bridges and organic acid sites are in agreemen

106 s for further structural variations of these phenazine building blocks.

107 ss or limitation stimulate the production of phenazines, but little is known of the molecular details

108 SoxR, on the other hand, responds to phenazines by inducing expression of several efflux pump

109 etrapyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c:3",2"-h:2''',3'''-j]phenazine) by column chromatography and the characteriza

110 Phenazines can act as potent antibiotics against a varie

111 In vitro, different phenazines can exchange electrons in the presence or abs

112 xtracellular redox-active molecules, such as phenazines, can broaden the metabolic versatility of mic

113 Retention of pyocyanin (PYO) and phenazine carboxamide in the biofilm matrix is facilitat

114 f this new series of substituted 8,9-benzo[a]phenazine carboxamide systems are described.

115 acene (1,4,8,11-tetrachloroquinoxalino[2,3-b]phenazine) carrying its chlorine atoms in the peri-posit

116 The phenazine chromophore of MLN944 is very well stacked wit

117 ters and experimentally validate a divergent phenazine cluster with potential new chemical structure

118 Phenazine compounds represent a large class of bacterial

119 Phenazine conidiation signaling was conserved in the gen

120 Phenazine-containing spent culture supernatants of Pseud

121 These studies suggest that P. aeruginosa phenazines coordinately up-regulate chemokines (IL-8) an

122 The reduction of their phenazine core transforms them from hydrogen-bond accept

123 ed on the excited-state planarization of the phenazine core within these metallacycles results in the

124 a the coordination-driven self-assembly of a phenazine-cored dipyridyl donor with a 90 degrees Pt(II)

125 These phenazine cycloadducts exhibit a selective affinity for

126 ntly decreased metal-binding activity of the phenazine cycloadducts.

127 Complex 1 reduces phenazine, cyclooctatetraene, anthracene, and azobenzene

128 upporting phenazine utilization in biofilms, phenazine-dependent survival on ciprofloxacin is diminis

129 uginosa produces pyocyanin, a blue-pigmented phenazine derivative, which is known to play a role in v

130 sium diisopropylamide afforded alkyl-shifted phenazine derivatives 5a/5b, rather than the expected 9-

131 Several of the active phenazine derivatives displayed IC values vs QR1 inducti

132 The phenazine derivatives were isolated in 78-98% yield depe

133 lo-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]phenazine derivatives with good to excellent yields.

134 n the P. fluorescens species complex produce phenazine derivatives, such as phenazine-1-carboxylic ac

135 o monohydrodeaminate the 2,3-di(methylamino) phenazine derivatives, which allows for further structur

136 1-carboxylic acid, the precursor for several phenazine derivatives.

137 n coculture biofilms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa phenazine-derived metabolites differentially modulated A

138 ppz and the cation ethylene-bipyridyldiylium-phenazine dinitrate [[1][(PF(6))(2)]] have been obtained

139 soluble derivative of dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (dppz) is reported.

140 The phenazine dyes undergo a quasi-reversible reduction at a

141 Together, our results suggest that phenazines enable maintenance of the proton-motive force

142 Moreover, phenazines enhanced cytokine-dependent increases in IL-8

143 ans LOx (AvLOx) modified with amine-reactive phenazine ethosulfate (PES).

144 n analogs, phenazine methosulfate (PMS+) and phenazine ethosulfate (PES+).

145 ore, 1e(-) oxidation of the DMS species with phenazine ethosulfate yields a Mo(V) form without an -OH

146 y, the N,N'-disubstituted-dihydrodibenzo[a,c]phenazines exhibit multiple emissions, which can be wide

147 Although phenazines exist in many forms, the best studied is pyoc

148 Here we show that phenazine-facilitated electron transfer to poised-potent

149 Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, the initial phenazine formed, is converted to pyocyanin in two steps

150 a level that was sufficient for induction of phenazine gene expression in rich medium.

151 sporulation (conidiation) along a decreasing phenazine gradient.

152 An axial chiral tetrachlorinated bisbenzo[a]phenazine has been discovered that undergoes an alkane-i

153 (4-formylphenyl) diquinoxalino[2,3-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (HATN-6CHO) and the first electron-donating li

154 An example of this is the effect that phenazines have on signaling and community development f

155 ity relationships of a series of halogenated phenazines (HP) inspired by 2-bromo-1-hydroxyphenazine 1

156 We report a series of halogenated phenazines (HP), inspired by marine antibiotic 1, that t

157 lar synthesis of a library of 20 halogenated phenazines (HP), utilizing the Wohl-Aue reaction, that t

158 This work provides a global picture of phenazines in natural environments and highlights plant-

159 The phenazines include upward of 50 pigmented, heterocyclic

160 Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces several phenazines including the recently described 5-methyl-phe

161 Phenazines, including pyocyanin and iodonin, are biologi

162 ion of N,N'-disubstituted-dihydrodibenzo[a,c]phenazines, intramolecular charge-transfer takes place,

163 rapyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c:3'',2''-h:2''',3'''-j]phenazine) is luminescent when bound to DNA and in organ

164 etion of pyocyanin, the best-studied natural phenazine, is responsible for the bluish tint of sputum

165 boxylic acid, the precursor to the bioactive phenazines, is synthesized from chorismic acid by enzyme

166 romatic pdppz ([2,3-h]dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine) ligand and exhibits photoactivity through inc

167 lysts are topologically connected via robust phenazine linkage into a two-dimensional tetragonal fram

168 nal groups to graphite edges though aromatic phenazine linkages.

169 phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), a common phenazine made by all phenazine-producing pseudomonads,

170 is by oxidizing NADH, our work suggests that phenazines may substitute for NAD(+) in LpdG and other e

171 Here, we show that phenazines mediate efficient EET through interactions wi

172 ventions are equally effective in inhibiting phenazine-mediated proinflammatory effects.

173 ous spatial imaging of multiple redox-active phenazine metabolites produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

174 terest is the observation that P. aeruginosa phenazine metabolites were converted by A. fumigatus int

175 tages of infection, Pa produces redox-active phenazine metabolites, including pyocyanin (PYO), 5-meth

176 Phenazine methosulfate (PMS) was used as a mediator whic

177 redox dye tetranitroblue tetrazolium (TNBT), phenazine methosulfate (PMS), NAD(+), and 6-phosphogluco

178 wo chemically synthesized pyocyanin analogs, phenazine methosulfate (PMS+) and phenazine ethosulfate

179 oxide generation, either through addition of phenazine methosulfate or by deletion of sodA and sodB,

180 th the cell membrane and exhibited D-lactate:phenazine methosulfate reductase activity and oxidized D

181 ransfer from ISP reduced with ascorbate plus phenazine methosulfate to cytochrome b was studied in SM

182 amide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), phenazine methosulfate, and iodonitrotetrazolium violet,

183 Upon reconstitution of the pmf with phenazine methosulfate, glucose, and oxygen, fluorescenc

184 cs and to the superoxide-generating compound phenazine methosulfate.

185 ystem (they used a chemical system, NADH and phenazine methosulfate; N/PMS).

186 ungal mechanisms of 5MPCA using its analogue phenazine methosulphate (PMS).

187 dative stress, it was shown that juglone and phenazine methylsulfate are potentially toxic to the par

188 ed by tert-butyl-hydroperoxide, juglone, and phenazine methylsulfate with IC(50) in the nanomolar ran

189 Others of the pleiotropic phenazine-minus mutations appear to inactivate novel com

190 A third phenazine-modifying gene, phzH, which has a homologue in

191 in is mediated in P. aeruginosa by two novel phenazine-modifying genes, phzM and phzS, which encode p

192 of the pi-delocalization over the benzo[a,c]phenazines moiety.

193 For example, the phenazine molecules exhibited absorption peaks between 4

194 ne water molecule is directly located on one phenazine N atom in the Delta-enantiomer only.

195 ions is achieved through coordination to the phenazine nitrogen atom and the triazole ring.

196 Functional studies of phenazine-nonproducing strains of fluorescent pseudomona

197 isms to produce multiple phenazines or novel phenazines not previously described.

198 Pyocyanin addition to a phenazine-null mutant also decreased intracellular NADH

199 novel gene located downstream from the core phenazine operon that encodes a 55-kDa aromatic monooxyg

200 to manipulate organisms to produce multiple phenazines or novel phenazines not previously described.

201 nanthroline), dppz (dipyrido[3,2- a:2',3'- c]phenazine, or dppn (benzo[ i]dipyrido[3,2- a,2',3'- c]ph

202 olysaccharide, phospholipases, exoproteases, phenazines, outer membrane vesicles, type III secreted e

203 prior studies have focused on extracellular phenazine oxidation by oxygen and iron, here we report a

204 anin is produced from chorismic acid via the phenazine pathway, nine proteins encoded by a gene clust

205 Phenazines perform diverse roles in P. aeruginosa physio

206 Pathogen-secreted phenazines perturbed mitochondrial function and were the

207 two-component cocrystal by grinding together phenazine (phen) and mesaconic acid (mes).

208 Mo(PMe(3))(6) reacts with phenazine (PhzH) to give (eta(6)-C(6)-PhzH)Mo(PMe(3))(3)

209 mutants exhibiting reduced production of the phenazine poison pyocyanin were isolated following trans

210 and 3,11-di(10H-phenoxazin-10-yl)dibenzo[a,j]phenazine (POZ-DBPHZ) in two different hosts.

211 Pyocyanin is a biologically active phenazine produced by the human pathogen Pseudomonas aer

212 diversity, frequency and ecological roles of phenazines produced by fluorescent Pseudomonas spp.

213 his property is shared by other redox-active phenazines produced by P. aeruginosa.

214 Here we show that chemosensation of phenazines produced by pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa

215 s the stage for improving the performance of phenazine producers used as biological control agents fo

216 re well known for their toxicity against non-phenazine-producing organisms, which allows them to serv

217 c acid (PCA), a common phenazine made by all phenazine-producing pseudomonads, to help P. aeruginosa

218 play a role in the ecological competence of phenazine-producing Pseudomonas spp.

219 the worldwide diversity of plant-beneficial phenazine-producing Pseudomonas spp.

220 the tremendous diversity of plant-beneficial phenazine-producing Pseudomonas spp., paving the way for

221 ely, the media type significantly influences phenazine product distribution, especially in polymicrob

222 Knowledge of the genes responsible for phenazine product specificity could ultimately reveal wa

223 Herein, we investigate differences in Pa phenazine production and dynamics in polymicrobial commu

224 bacterial pathogens noticeably influence Pa phenazine production and dynamics.

225 e biosynthetic gene expression and increased phenazine production but did not increase quorum sensing

226 Coincident with phenazine production during batch culture growth, Fe(II)

227 To date, no negative regulators of phenazine production have been identified, nor has the r

228 We characterize phenazine production in both wild-type and mutant Pseudo

229 In particular, Sa caused a decrease in phenazine production in TSB.

230 In minimal medium where phenazine production is very low, inactivation of the rp

231 Our results suggest that phenazine production modulates RmcA activity such that t

232 Phenazine production rates and biosynthesis dynamics wer

233 Moreover, the effect on phenazine production rates and dynamics was explored in

234 polymicrobial samples drastically inhibited phenazine production rates in both LB and TSB.

235 lysis of mutants with various capacities for phenazine production reveals distribution of phenazine-1

236 pulation that renders the cells incapable of phenazine production.

237 though phz2 showed a greater contribution to phenazine production.

238 , and phz2 was responsible for virtually all phenazine production.

239 e wild-type strain and a mutant defective in phenazine production.

240 the quorum sensor PhzR was not required for phenazine production.

241 This approach shows that phenazines promote metabolism in microaerobic biofilm re

242 Here, we find that phenazines promote tolerance to clinically relevant anti

243 The phenazine pyocyanin (and the closely related molecule pa

244 Unlike PCA, the phenazine pyocyanin (PYO) can facilitate biofilm formati

245 promoted accumulation of the redox-sensitive phenazine pyocyanin (PYO).

246 biofilm development have focused on the blue phenazine pyocyanin and the yellow phenazine-1-carboxyli

247 quantitative RT-PCR, we demonstrate that the phenazine pyocyanin elicits the upregulation of genes/op

248 gnized virulence factors is the redox-active phenazine pyocyanin.

249 hat catalyze the reduction of the endogenous phenazines pyocyanin and phenazine-1-carboxylic acid in

250 secretes copious amounts of the redox-active phenazine, pyocyanin (PCN), during cystic fibrosis lung

251 8-tetraazaphenanthrene (TAP), pyrazino[2,3-a]phenazine (pzph), or benzo[a]pyrazino[2,3-h]phenazine (b

252 The production of phenazines (PZs) by strain 30-84 is the primary mechanis

253 s readily synthesized by condensation of the phenazine quinone with the corresponding diammine comple

254 ical shift correlated with the production of phenazine radicals and concomitant reactive oxygen speci

255 Here, we demonstrate that phenazine redox cycling enables P. aeruginosa to oxidize

256 oxygen species (ROS) production generated by phenazine redox cycling.

257 which is available from the atmosphere, and phenazines, redox-active antibiotics produced by the bac

258 ine reduction in vitro, suggesting that most phenazine reduction derives from these enzymes.

259 or reductants and catalysts of intracellular phenazine reduction in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Enzymatic

260 , diphenyleneiodonium, effectively inhibited phenazine reduction in vitro, suggesting that most phena

261 te dehydrogenase complexes directly catalyze phenazine reduction with pyruvate or alpha-ketoglutarate

262 PCA and other phenazines reductively dissolve Fe and Mn oxyhydroxides

263 Although repression plays a critical role in phenazine regulation, the rpeA mutation could not bypass

264 , or dppn (benzo[ i]dipyrido[3,2- a,2',3'- c]phenazine), respectively.

265 imines and azobenzenes to give acridines and phenazines, respectively.

266 ilms show a profound morphogenic response to phenazines resulting from electron acceptor-dependent in

267 tion in the DNA complex, with the N10 on the phenazine ring protonated at pH 7.

268 The basic, tricyclic phenazine ring system is synthesized in a series of poor

269 rating a novel binding mode in which the two phenazine rings bis-intercalate at the 5'-TpG site, with

270 estigated under aerobic conditions using two phenazine secondary metabolites excreted by P. aeruginos

271 tic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces phenazines, small molecules that act as alternate electr

272 genes, phzM and phzS, which encode putative phenazine-specific methyltransferase and flavin-containi

273 Many of the biological functions of phenazines, such as mediating signaling, iron acquisitio

274 s of chlorinated carbazole, phenoxazine, and phenazine suggests the formation of these species by ele

275 In contrast to the notion that phenazines support intracellular redox homeostasis by ox

276 Previously, we reported that endogenous phenazines support the anaerobic survival of P. aerugino

277 he genetics, biochemistry, and regulation of phenazine synthesis, as well as the mode of action and f

278 ased infections, releases metabolites called phenazines that accept electrons to support cellular red

279 Since 5MPCA was more toxic than other phenazines that are not modified, such as pyocyanin, we

280 monads produce redox active compounds called phenazines that function in a variety of biological proc

281 ls encounter redox-active compounds, such as phenazines, that can generate oxidative stress, but the

282 Both complexes transfer electrons to phenazines through the common subunit dihydrolipoamide d

283 henanthroline, dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2'.3'-c]phenazine), to study aggregation of alpha-synuclein (alp

284 We show that ActR promotes phenazine tolerance by proactively driving expression of

285 Expression profiling showed phenazine treatment induced a NapA-dependent response of

286 aphenanthrene, dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine), undergoes a partial transition from an A/B h

287 les, the electron spins are localized on the phenazine unit, in which the sulfur atom of the fused th

288 specific respiratory complexes in supporting phenazine utilization in biofilms, phenazine-dependent s

289 in-like species, carbazole, phenoxazine, and phenazine via unimolecular rearrangements of diphenylami

290 hod for the construction of heteroaryl-fused phenazines was developed via PIFA-BF(3).Et(2)O-mediated

291 idine, dppn = benzo[i]dipyrido[3,2-a;2',3'-c]phenazine) was synthesized and characterized in an effor

292 le to co-crystallize LpdG with an endogenous phenazine, we report its X-ray crystal structure in the

293 Phenazines were first noted in the scientific literature

294 Numerous phenazines were subsequently prepared and evaluated as i

295 quinoxaline, 6,13-diethynylquinoxalino[2,3-b]phenazine) were reduced to their radical anions and dian

296 redox-active metabolites, and in particular phenazines, which are produced by many bacteria found in

297 tion of redox-active, P. aeruginosa-produced phenazines, which reduce Fe(III) to Fe(II).

298 ces colorful redox-active metabolites called phenazines, which underpin biofilm development, virulenc

299 somer (2,3,9,10-tetrachloroquinoxalino[2,3-b]phenazine, with the chlorine atoms in the east and west

300 yridyl[3,2- a:2',3'- c:3",2"- h:2''',3'''- j]phenazine], with a mononuclear analogue with a modified

301 at room temperature for thienyl-substituted phenazines without any heavy metals ( Ratzke et al.